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tempo 

does  .it 
again 

THE  WORLD'S  FIRST 
440  MHz  SYNTHESIZED 

HAND  HELD  RADIO 


Tempo  was  the  first  with  a  synthesized 
hand  held  for  amateur  use,  first  with  a 
220  MHz  synthesized  hand  held,  first 
with  a  5  watt  output  synthesized  hand 
held.,  and  once  again  first  in  the  440 
MHz  range  with  the  S-4,  a  fully 
synthesized  hand  held  radio.  Not  only 
does  Tempo  offer  the  broadest  line  of 
synthesized  hand  helds,  but  its 
standards  of  reliability  are 
unsurpassed...  reliability  proven 
through  millions  of  hours  of  operation. 
No    other    hand    held    has    been    so 


thoroughly  field  tested,  is  so  simple  to 
operate  or  offers  so  much  value  The 
Tempo  S-4  offers  the  opportunity  to 
get  on  440  MHz  from  where  ever  you 
may  be.  With  the  addition  of  a  touch 
tone    pad    and     matching    power 
amplifier    its    versatility     is    also 
unsurpassed 
The  S-4„. $349.00 
With  12  button  touch  tone  pad. 
With  16  button  touch  tone  pad. 
S-40  matching  40  watt  output 
13.8  VDC  power  amplifier.  .Si 49  00 


$399.00 
$419.00 


Tempo  S-l 

The  first  and  most  thoroughly  field  tested  hand  held 
synthesized  radio  available  today  Many  thousands 
are  now  in  use  and  the  letters  of  praise  stif!  pour  in. 
The  S-1  is  the  most  simple  radio  to  operate  and  is 
built  to  provide  years  of  dependable  service. 
Despite  its  light  weight  and  small  size  it  is  built  to 
withstand  rough  handling  and  hard  use,  Its  heavy 
duty  battery  pack  allows  more  operating  time 
between  charges  and  its  new  lower  price  makes  it 
even  more  afford able< 

Tempo  S-5 

Offers  the  same  field  proven  reliability,  features  and 
specifications  as  the  S-1  except  that  the  S-5 
provides  a  big  5  watt  output  (or  1  watt  low  power 
operation).  They  both  have  external  microphone 
capability  and  can  be  operated  with  matching  solid 
state  power  amplifiers  (30  watt  or  80  watt  output) 
Allows  your  hand  held  to  double  as  a  powerful 
mobile  or  base  radio. 

S-30.   S89.0CK  S-80 $149,00' 

"For  use  with  S-T  and  S-5 

Tempo  S-2 

With  an  S-2  in  your  car  or  pocket  you  can  use 
220  MHz  repeaters  throughout  the  U.S.  It 
offers  all  the  advanced  engineering,  premium 
quality  components  and  features  of  the  S-1 
and  S-5.  The  S-2  offers  1000  channels  in  an 
extremely  lightweight  but  rugged  case. 
If  you're  not  on  220  this  is  the  perfect  way  to 
get  started  With  the  addition  of  the  S-20 
Tempo  solid  state  amplifier  it  becomes  a 
powerful  mobile  or  base  station.  If  you  have  a 
220  MHz  station,  the  S-2  will  add  tremendous  versatility, 
Price-S349.00  (With  touch  tone  pad  installed, .S399. 00) 
S-20.S89  0O 


Specifications: 

Frequency  Coverage:  440  to  449.995  MHz 

Channel  Spacing:  25  KHz  minimum 

Power  Requirements:  9.8  VDC 

Current  Drain:  17  ma-standby  400  ma-transmit  (1  amp  high  power) 

Antenna  Impedance:  50  ohms 

Sensitivity;  Better  than  .5  microvolts  nominal  for  20  db 

Supplied  Accessories:  Rubber  Hex  antenna  450  ma  ni-cad  battery 

pack,  charger  and  earphone 
RF  output  Power:  Nominal  3  watts  high  or  1  watt  low  power 
Repeater  Offset:  ±  5  MHz 

Optional  Accessories  for  all  models 

12  button  touch  tone  pad  (not  installed):  S39  •  16  button  touch 
tone  pad  {not   installed):  $48  •  Tone  burst  generator:  $29.95 
•  CTCSS  sub-audible  tone  control:  $29.95  •  Leather  holster: 
$20  •  Cigarette  lighter  plug  mobile  charging  unit  56 

TEMPO  VHF  &  IMF  SOLID  STATE  POWER  AMPLIFIERS 

Boost  your  signal,  .  .  give  it  the  range  and  clarity  of  a  high 
powered  base  station.  VHF  (135  to  175  MHz  J 


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130A02 

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UHF  (400  1o  512  MHz)  models,  lower  power  and  FCC  type  accepted  models 
also  available. 


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INFO 


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73  MagAnne  (ISSN  0096-9010)  Is  pub- 
lished monthly  by  73,  fnc .  SO  Pine 
Street.  Peterborough  NH  03458  Sec 
ond  class  pottage  paid  at  Pefsfbor- 
ough  NH  03458  and  ai  additional  mail 
mg  offices.  Copyright  ic)  1961  by  73, 
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Arbor  Ml  48 T06 


Antenna    Tuner 


*  * 


I  • 


•       1 


- 


New  low  profile  design. 

Here  is  the  famous  Palomar  Engineers  high  power  tuner  in  a  new 
compact  size.  Only  5%"  x  14"  *  14"  yet  it  has  all  the  features, 
works  from  1 60  through  1 0  meters,  and  works  with  coax,  single  wire 
and  balanced  lines.  And  It  lets  you  tune  up  without  going  on  the  air! 

WE  INVESTIGATED 

All  tuners  lose  some  rf  power.  We  checked  several  popular  tuners  to 
see  where  the  losses  are.  Mostly  they  are  in  the  inductance  coil  and  the 
baJun  core. 

So  we  switched  from  #12  wire  for  the  main  inductor  to  'A"  copper 
tubing.  It  can  carry  ten  times  the  rf  current, 


IMPOSSIBLE  FEAT 

The  biggest  problem  with  tuners  is  getting  them  tuned  up.  With  three 
knobs  to  tune  on  your  transceiver  and  three  on  the  tuner  and  ten 
seconds  to  do  it  (see  the  warning  in  your  transceiver  manual)  that's  1  V* 
seconds  per  knob. 

We  have  a  better  way;  a  built-in  50-ohm  noise  bridge  that  lets  you  set 
the  tuner  controls  without  transmitting  And  a  switch  that  lets  you  tune 
your  transmitter  into  a  dummy  load,  So  you  can  do  the  whole  tuneup 
without  going  on  the  air.  Saves  that  final;  cuts  QRM. 

BROCHURE  AVAILABLE  NOW 

For  further  details  on  this  exciting  new  high-power  low-loss ,  easy-to- 
use  tuner  send  for  our  new  brochure.  Or  visit  your  Palomar  Engineers 
dealer, 

Model  PT-3000.  $349*50.  To  order  send  $10.00  shipping/ 
handling.  California  residents  add  sales  tax. 


master  charge 

—  «T1  *****  t  #*ti 


VISA 


Box  455,  Escondido,  CA.  92025  •   Phone:  [714]  747-3343 


4     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Contesting  from  VP5 

—  the  other  end  of  the  pileup  and  bow  to  get  there 

WB88TH        12 

In  Profile:  Ted  Gamlin,  A  Contester 

,-ui...  r^ ft  I  \J  I O 

Review: 

The  Kenwood  TS-530S  HF  Transceiver 

—sophisticated  performance  at  a  not-so-sophisticated 
price  KAUR        26 

Folded  Unipole  for  160 

— Top- band ers,    take   notice!    Here's   a    top- loaded 
radiator  with  the  government's  seal  of  approval 

WB6ZYK         28 

oct.Bt 

MAGAZINE 


Review: 

Gunnplexer  Cookbook 

..N8RK        54 

The  Green  Gallon 

—an  HW-101  look-alike  (except  tor  those  four  811  As) 

W3BVM        56 

Controlled  Chaos 

—getting  the  most  out  of  state  QSO  parties         W2XQ        62 
Review: 

The  General  Electric 
Programmable  Clock  Radio 

—  sweet  dreams  for  the  broadcast  DXer ...W8FX       66 

Propagation  Prophecy 

—  you,  tooP  can  calculate  the  MUF    AK0Q        70 

Keyer  Magic 

—  unravel  the  mystery  of  TIL  circuits.... .N5DY        80 

The  Contest  Cookbook 

—  basic  strategy  and  tactics ...  IW60P        92 


i 


SPECIAL 

CONTEST 

ISSUE! 


Review: 

The  VIZ  WD-747  Digital  Multimeter 

■ 

—  low  cost  plus  high  performance  equals  success 

WA4PYO 

The  Winning 

—  days  in  the  lifeof  a  contester WA3FUV 

Review: 

The  GU-1820  Ac  Generator 

—  100  pounds  of  portable  power  from  Heath 

...., ..AC9V/1 

Radio  Rehab 

—  how  ham  radio  helps  young  offenders  WA6VIP 

Heath's  HA-202  Goes  to  220  MHz 

—  power  up  with  this  simple  mod  WA5VJB 

Review: 

The  Mirage  B1016 

Two-Meter  Linear  Amplifier 

—  for  those  times  when  you  have  to  be  heard KA1 LR 

More  Punch  for  the  Hot  Water  101 


IKIii    I    «■■    '    P  ■  W   ►  I    I  ■  ■   »    !■■!    i    '    iji    i    i    i  ■  ■  i   i    |iiirr-r-rii»Ti 


K55E 


36 


40 


42 


44 


48 


50 


52 


The  $50  Sweeper 

—build  this  audio  function  generator  and  sweep  your 
troubles  away K3LF     100 

New  Horizons  for  the  HW-8  Transceiver 

—  a  dandy  mod  to  expand  frequency  coverage 

W1PQ     112 

New  Frequencies  for  the  IC-2 

-for  MARS  members  only  KS4B/NNN0BK5     113 

The  Digital  Defender 

[Y2  —computerized  ham  shack 

.a3  security.... W7CRY     116 

Diode  Doctor 

—  the  P-N  diagnoses ...„...„.„ 

tn  Profile:  Lloyd  and  Iris  Colvin, 
The  DXpeditioners 


Nil!     131 


KA1D     132 


Ringo  Ranger  Redux 

—  add  those  radials  for  better  performance W1  HHF      1  37 


Never  Say  Die- 6,  Fun! -138,  Awards- 140,  Social  Events- 146,  Leaky  Lines-150,  DX-151,  Ham  Help- 153, 
159,  163,  177,  180,  Contests- 154,  FCC-163,  Looking  West-164,  RTTY  Loop^165,  New  Products- 166, 
Letters— 172,  Kahaner  Report— 174,  OSCAR  Orbits- 178,  Dealer  Directory  — 210,  Propagation- 210 

Cover  K10Xrs  multi/multi  station  is  a  contesters  dream  (article  begins  on  page  18)  Photo  by  Paul  Grupp  KA1LR. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     5 


W2KSD/1 

NEVER  SAY  DIE 

editorial  fc>y  Wayne  Green 


THE  OLD  OLD-TIMERS 

While  talking  with  someone 
about  the  sudden  stopping  of 
growth  of  amateur  radio  in  1963, 
when  the  "incentive  licensing" 
proposal  was  put  to  the  FCC,  I 
was  able  to  put  this  situation  in 
better  perspective  by  making  a 
simple  calculation. 

From  the  period  of  1940  to 
1963.  a  seventeen  year  period, 
amateur  radio  grew  at  the  rate  of 
11%  per  year.  This  was  fairly 
steady  growth.  Then  it  instantly 
stopped,  with  a  net  loss  in 
hams  over  the  next  ten  years. 
Since  then,  it  has  been  growing 
again,  but  very  slowly.  Today,  18 
years  after  incentive  licensing 
was  proposed,  our  growth  is  on- 
ly  where  it  would  have  been  by 
1965,  two  years  later.  We've  lost 
almost  a  whole  generation  of 
hams.  ,  .sixteen  years  worth! 

Let's  put  that  further  into  per- 


W2NSD/1  ON-THE-AIR 

SCHEDULE 

OCTOBER,  1981 


1 

13 
20 
27 


15-20  Phone 
20m  RTTY 
20-40  Phone 
15-20  CW 


Response  to  our  15-  and 
20-meter  phone  sessions 
has  been  especially 
strong,  so  we  have  sched- 
uled additional  time  on 
these  two  bands.  On  both 
phone  and  CW  nights, 
look  for  us  In  the  first  25 
kHz  of  the  General  por- 
tion of  each  band.  We'll 
be  on  the  higher  frequen- 
cy band  first,  from  7:00- 
10:00  pm  eastern  time. 


spective.  This  means  that  on  the 
average,  hams  have  gotten  six- 
teen years  older.  Well,  I  think  we 
see  that  at  clubs  and  hamfests. 
We  have  a  huge  proportion  of 
retired  hams  these  days.  I  think 
this  has  a  lot  to  do  with  the  drop 
in  the  buying  of  ham  equipment, 
since  retired  people  are  for  the 
most  part  trying  to  eke  out  an  ex- 
istence from  Social  Security  and 
are  in  no  position  to  spend  a 
thousand  dollars  or  more  for  a 
new  station. 

We  see  it  also  in  the  drop  in 
the  inventiveness  of  hams,  Most 
retired  hams  are  not  up  with  the 
latest  in  technology  and  are  not 
able  to  do  much  to  keep  up  the 
ham  reputation  for  inventive- 
ness and  pioneering.  .  .which  is 
a  young  man's  game.  We  shut 
the  young  men  out  for  a  sixteen 
year  period,  so  we  don't  have 
many  of  them  any  more.  No 
wonder  amateur  radio  has  pro- 
duced  so  little  in  the  way  of  inno- 
vation In  the  last  20  years. 

The  ham  inventors  and  pio- 
neers wereT  for  the  most  part, 
youngsters,  I  was  26  when  I  got 
going   strong   on    NBFM    and 

RTTY  running  beacons  on  6rr 
and  so  on.  Copt  home  McDonald 
was  a  young  chap  when  he  de- 
veloped slow-scan  television. 
Oh,  a  few  old-timers  hang   in 


there,  working  away.  A  recent  ar- 
ticle on  Reinharf  told  about  his 
inventions. .  .well,  he  was  stiff 
going  strong  right  up  until  he 
died.  He  wrote  articles  for  73  in 
the  early  60s.  And  Bill  Hoising- 
ton  did  tremendous  UHF  devel- 
opmental work  in  his  60s  and  is 
still  going  strong  in  the  Philip- 
pines. But  these  up-to-date  old- 
timers  are  few  and  far  between. 
Most  older  hams  are  still  think* 
ing  tubes  and  kc  instead  of  ICs 
and  GHz, 

With  over  one  million  elec- 
tronics engineers  and  techni- 
cians kept  out  of  the  American 
work  force  because  they  never 
got  Into  amateur  radio,  it  is  no 
wonder  that  our  country  is  get- 
ting further  and  further  behind 
Japan  in  electronic  technology. 
Our  hobby  and  our  country  are 
paying  the  price  for  that  loss  of 
a  generation  of  hams. 

If  we  just  want  to  try  to  catch 
up  with  the  growth  that  we 
would  have  had  were  it  not  for 
the  incentive  licensing  disaster, 
we  will  have  to  grow  at  the  rate 
of  33%  per  year  for  the  rest  of 
this  decade,  If  we  can  figure  out 
how  to  do  that.  I  think  that  Amer- 
ican technology  could  catch  up 
with  Japan.  Other  than  that,  I 
see  no  serious  hope  of  our  coun- 
try ever  regaining  our  ground. 


DF  BREAKTHROUGH 

Readers  should  be  aware  that  construction  or  use  of  the 
direction-finding  system  described  in  the  article  MDF 
Breakthrough"  which  appeared  in  the  June,  1981,  issue  of  73 
may  possibly  be  an  Infringement  of  US  Patent  #4,041,496, 
issued  to  Paul  Norrls. 

Any  unauthorized  construction  or  use  for  commercial  pur- 
poses of  a  patented  invention  is  an  infringement  of  that  pa- 
tent. Construction  of  a  single  unit  for  the  experimental  or  per- 
sonal use  of  the  constructor  is  not  considered  commercial 
use. 


Should  we  Just  shrug  our 
shoulders  and  give  up?  Or  is  this 
something  worth  fighting  for? 
This  is  something  which  I  can't 
do  alone. .  .and  which  no  one  of 
you  can  do  alone.  But  it  is  some- 
thing which  ell  of  us  together,  if 
we  really  want  to.  could  tackle 
and  win. 

I  am  not  going  to  butt  my  head 
against  the  wall  trying  to  do 
something  which  most  hams 
don't  care  about.  We  can  get 
amateur  radio  growing  again. 
We  can  even  get  it  into  a  33% 
growth  pattern..  Jf  we  really 
want  to.  It  will  mean  coopera- 
tion and  a  dedication  of  purpose 
which  we  have  not  seen  in  ama- 
teur radio  in  many  years.  It 
seems  to  me  that  we're  going  to 
need  to  have  every  ham  possible 
join  a  club,  and  see  that  we  get 
every  high-school  student  we 
can  into  our  license  classes. 

In  a  recent  talk  with  the  FCC,  I 
brought  up  this  situation  and  I 
believe  that  our  fight  may  be 
helped  from  the  highest  of- 
fice. .  .the  White  House. 

My  own  preference  is  to 
tackle  the  problem  with  new 
ideas.  I  realize  that  by  far  most 
hams  are  opposed  to  a  n opcode 
ham  license,  no  matter  how  fan- 
tastic this  has  been  for  the  Jap- 
anese. .  .and  what  great  opera- 
tors they  are. .  .and  how  much 
this  has  packed  their  research 
labs  with  enthusiastic  ham  engi- 
neers who  are  pushing  their 
country  ahead  of  ours.  Okay,  If 
you  don't  want  to  even  think 
about  that . . .  what  do  you  pro* 
pose  which  could  get  us  grow- 
ing? 

Could  we  help  the  FCC  by  tak- 
ing over  both  the  teaching  and 
the  granting  of  ham  licenses  as 
a  function  of  our  ham  clubs? 
This  would  cut  FCC  expenses 
enormously  and  might  bring 
new  life  to  ham  clubs.  Hams 
have  always  shown  that  they 
can  be  responsible  and  self-gov- 
erning. Well,  perhaps  it  is  time 
to  take  that  next  step. 

What  are  your  ideas?  is  it 
worth  the  bother? 


ST,  LUCIA 

Against  my  better  judgment, 
we  took  off  a  few  days  and 
zipped  down  to  St,  Lucia.  No 
negatives  as  far  as  the  island  is 
concerned;  It  was  mostly  worry 
about  keeping  up  with  the  work 
load  brought  on  by  the  introduc- 
tion of  a  new  magazine;  Desktop 
Computing.  When  a  new  maga- 
zine is  being  started,  there  is  ai- 


6     73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981 


NSCEIVE 


L    U  I  I  I  i 
U«  -'     i  *  l 


SCAM        HOtO 


10*fc 


LOW 


Miniaturized,  5  memories,  memory/band  scan 


The  TR-7730  is  an  incredibly  compact, 
reasonably  priced,  25- watt,  2  meter  FM 
mobile  transceiver  with  five  memories, 
memory  scan,  automatic  band  scan,  UP/ 
DOWN  manual  scan  from  the  microphone, 
and  other  convenient  operating  features. 

TR-7730  FEATURES: 

*  Smallest  ever  Kenwood  mobile 

Measures  only  5-3/4  Inches  wide, 
2  inches  High"  and  7-3/4  Inches  deep,  and 
weighs  only  3.3  pounds.  Mounts  even  in 
i  he  "smallest  subcompacl  car.  and  Is  an 
ideal  combination  with  the  equally  com- 
pact TR-8400  synthesized  70-cm  FM 
mobile  transceiver 
■  25  watts  RF  output  power 
Even  though  the  TR-7730  is  so  compact, 
it  still  produces  25  watts  output  for 
reliable  mobile  communications.  HI/ LOW 
power  switch  selects  25- W  or  5-W  output. 

•  Five  memories 

May  be  operated  in  simplex  mode  or 
repeater  mode  with  the  transmit  fre- 
quency offset  ±600  kHz.  The  fifth 


memory  stores  both  receive  and  transmit 
frequency  independently,  to  allow  opera- 
tion on  repeaters  with  nonstandard  splits. 
Memory  backup  terminal  on  rear  panel, 
Memory  scan 

Automatically  locks  on  busy  memory 
channel  and  resumes  when  signal 
disappears  or  when  SCAN  switch  is 
pushed.  Scan  HOLD  or  microphone  PTT 
switch  cancels  scan. 
Extended  frequency  coverage 
Covers  143.900-148,995  Ml 1/  in 
switchable  5-kHz  or  10-kHz  steps,  allow 
Ing  simplex  and  repeater  operation  on 
some  MARS  and  CAP  frequencies. 
Automatic  band  scan 
Scans  entire  band  in  5-khU  or  10-kHz 
steps  and  locks  on  busy  channel.  Scan 
resumes  when  signal  disappears  or  when 
SCAN  switch  is  pushed,  Scan  HOLD  or 
microphone  PTT  switch  cancels  scan, 

UP/ DOWN  manual  scan 

With  UP/DOWN  microphone  provided, 
manually  scans  entire  band  in  5-kHz  or 
10-kHz  steps. 

Offset  switch 

Allows  VFO  and  four  of  five  memory 


Synthesized  70-cm  FM  mobile  rig 


Synthesized  coverage  of  440-450  MHz 

Covers  upper  10  Ml  1/  of  70-cm  band  in 

2n  kHz  steps,  with  two  VFOs. 

Offset  switch 

For  ±5  MHz  transmit  offset  on  both  VFOs 

and  tour  of  Ave  memories,  as  well  as 

iplex  operation.  Fifth  memory  allows 
any  other  offset  by  memorizing  receive 
and  transmit  frequencies  independently, 

DTMF  autopatch  terminal 

On  rear  panel,  for  connecting  DTMF 

Idual-tone  m ulti frequency )  touch  pad  (for 


accessing  autopatchcsl  or  other  tone- 
signaling  device. 

HI/ LOW  RF  output  power  switch 
Selects  10  watts  or  1  wan  output. 
Virtually  same  size  as  TR-7730 
Perfect  companion  for  TR-7730  In 
a  compact  mobile  arrangement. 
Other  features  similar  to  TR-7730 
Five  memories,  memorv  scan,  automatic 
band  scan  [in  25  kHz  steps).  UP  DOWN 
manual  scan,  four-digit  LED  receive 
frequency  display  (also  shows  transmit 
frequency  in  memory  5h  S/RF  bar  meter 
and  LED  indicators*  tone  switch,  and 
same  option aJ  accessories. 


frequencies  to  be  offset  ±6O0  kHz  for 
repeater  access  {or  to  be  operated 
simplex)  during  transmit  mode. 

•  Four -dig  it  LED  frequency  display 
Indicates  receive  and  transmit  frequency 
during  simplex  or  repeater-offset 
operation. 

•  S/RF  bar  meter  and  LED  indicators 
Bar  meter  of  multicolor  LEDs  shows, 
relative  receive  and  transmit  signal  levels. 
Other  LEDs  Indicate  BUSY,  ON  AIR.  and 
REPEATER  oilseL 

•  Tone  switch 

Activates  internal  subaudiblc  tone 
encoder  (not  Kenwood-supplied). 

Optional  accessories: 

•  MC-46  16-button  autopatch  fDTMFJ 
UP/ DOWN  microphone 

•  SP-40  compact  mobile  speaker 

•  KPS-7  fixed -station  power  supply 

More  information  on  the  TR-7730  and 

TR-8400  is  available  from  all  authorized 

dealers  of  Trio- Ken  wood 

Communications 

1111  West  Walnut  Street 

Compton,  California  90220. 

®KENWDOD 

...  pacesetter  m  mnaieur  rcuiiu 


Specifications  and  prices  are  subject  fa 
change  without  notice  or  obligation. 


STAFF 


PU  n  USHERED  I  TON 
Wtymr  Or  fan  w?NSD." 

EXECUTIVE  VICE  PRESIDENT 

ASSISTANT  PUBLISHER/EDITOR 
Jell  DoTf*,  UVH8BTH 

ASSOCIATE  PU0Ll$HEf>VDinCCrOR 

OF  PUBLICATIONS 

E4WUH  F*tm*ft  V'J  *  HJF> 

MANAGING  EOfTOft 
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A$St  y  AH  AGING  f  OlTOfi 

Sunn  Pttlibrtefc 

NEWSEDfTOft 
G*mi  Smart  wee?  ov 

EDITORIAL  ASSISTANTS 
Nancy  Noird 

"  REVIEW  EDOGfl 
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CONTRIBUTING  EDITORS 
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ADMINISTRATIVE  ASSISTANT 

ASSOCIATES 

ftoton  Ban*  WB3GFE 
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Jo*  ftnaof  GJZC7 
0t.  Mlfc  lm'«  i  tVAZlAJK 
0a»*  l»*tin  K2AI 

a*  vVAAiTF 
JC  CA 

F*  ,>OAW 


PRODUCTION  MANAGER. 
PUBLICATIONS 

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ADVERTISING  GRAPHICS 
MANAGERS 

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PRODUCTION 

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Diftnne  Riiaon 
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tOft* 
Judi  Wonberiy 
Do  • 

PHOTOGRAPHY 

William  Htyoalph 

Terri«  AnUtrton 

Sill  Su  lift  nil  if  id 

Paul  Batncn 

Tftwnaa  Viiiihijkj*b 

TYPESETTING 

San  fletlo"! 

Mary  Km«<n 

Kitty  Smilh 

Hafan  Stewart 

M^turi*  DaiRrctaifft 

Slltrn  JfTWflll 

Ann  LccC 


CORPORATE  CONTROLLER 
Chartai  Garnnu,  Jr 

EXECUTIVE  ASSISTANT 

Laatrsct  O  Nr 

ACCOUNTING  MANAGE* 
K*udK»"*4*. 

CIRCULATION  MANAGER 
0*&ra  6on«di,i*»u 

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ADVERTISING 

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Nancy  Ctampa.  A|«|  |Agr. 


most  an  infinite  number  of  de- 
tails which  have  to  be  cared  for. 
There  are  the  subscription  let- 
ters, the  advertising  brochures, 
the  mailing  lists,  the  letters  to 
authors  (looking  for  articles),  the 
quick  trips  to  shows  to  rustle  up 
more  articles  and  more  advertis- 
ing, the  hiring  of  editors,  writers, 
more  graphic  arts  people,  the 
expansion  of  our  buildings,  new 
typesetting  equipment,  new 
presses  for  the  in-house  print- 
ing, more  ad  sales  people,  and 
so  on.  Add  to  that  trying  to  cope 
with  the  growth  of  Instant  Soft* 
ware,  where  ever  more  people, 
equipment,  and  space  are  need- 
ed, plus  two  very  healthy  com- 
puter magazines  which  are 
growing,  and  the  boss,  me,  has 
his  hands  full. 

We  went  to  St.  Lucia  anyway, 
and  it  was  worth  the  trip.  It  was 
worth  it  many  times  over.  Firstly, 
there  is  no  way  that  I  will  ever  be 


able  to  thank  the  St,  Lucian 
hams  enough  fortheirattentlon, 
their  help,  and  their  interest  in 
making  the  visit  enjoyable.  In 
addition  to  Sherry,  Tim  Daniel 
N8RK  of  the  73  staff  went  along, 
as  did  Chuck  Martin  WA1KPS  of 
Tufts  Electronics.  The  ham  busi- 
ness was  slack  in  June,  so 
Chuck  said  what  the  heck  and 
joined  us  on  the  trip. 

Though  we  arrived  late  at 
night,  we  were  met  by  a  bunch  of 
the  locai  hams,  complete  with  a 
cooler  full  of  beer,  champagne, 
and  even  some  soft  drinks.  It 
was  warm,  so  the  refreshments 
were  a  great  beginning  for  our 
visit.  When  they  offered  to  drive 
us  to  the  hotel,  that  seemed  like 
a  good  idea, .  and  it  sure  was. 
We  had  no  idea  that  the  hotel 
was  on  the  other  end  of  the  is* 
land,  an  hour  and  a  quarter  drive 
over  a  twisty,  narrow  potholed 
road.  It  was  tike  driving  a  high- 


speed obstacle  course  at  night, 
whipping  around  deep  holes  in 
the  pavement  every  four  hun- 
dred yards.  Fortunately,  there  is 
little  traffic  on  the  St.  Lucia  turn- 
pike,  which  is  just  two  cars  wide 
and  goes  through  mountains 
just  about  ail  the  way. 

Our  hotel,  recommended  by 
Eastern  Airlines,  was  a  bit  of  a 
disappointment.  It  was  wonder- 
fully located,  right  on  a  gor- 
geous sandy  beach  with  palm 
trees.  But  the  meals  were  unin- 
spiring. There  we  were  in  the 
middle  of  a  tropical  paradise, 
with  fruit  at  every  turn,  and  the 
hotel  couldn't  manage  a  banana 
or  any  other  fruit  for  breakfast. 
Canned  orange  juice. 

The  rooms  were  clean  and 
some  of  the  air  conditioners 
worked,  so  I  had  no  complaint 
about    that.., nor    the   ocean 

Continued  on  page  175 


Well .  . .  I  Can  Dream,  Can't 


byBandelLinnK4PP 


"I  saw  your  license  pfate!  There's  a  traffic  jam  ahead!  Follow  me  and  111  lead 
you  around  it!" 


8     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


^^^^TDf            f         M           MMMMm 

. 

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j    J 

rarrtc]           a       ft 

^M —                                              ^" 

INTR 


UCING  SANTEC'S 


SANTEONGLOGY  breaks  into 
the  440  band  with  style!  The  new 
ST-7/T  synthesizes  the  entire  band 
in  5  kHz  steps,  works  both  up  and 
down  repeater  splits  and  does  ft 
all  right  from  your  hand,  with  ver- 
satile power  options  of  3  watts,  ) 
watt  or  even  50  milliwatts  (all 
nominal),  to  reach  out  to  where 
you  want  The  high  power  mode 
of  3  watts  radiates  on  440  Ijke  5 
watts  on  2  meters  and  that's  a 
handfuK! 

Tones?  This  one  has  them  ...  tones 
and  subtonesl  The  16  button  tone 


pad  is  a  SANTEC  Standard  at  no 
extra  cost  and  the  ST- 7  Ts  op- 
tional synthesized  sub  tone  en- 
coder is  controlled  by  the  radio's 
front  panel  switch. 

All  the  regular  SAN  TEC  acces- 
sories used  with  your  HT-1200  fit 
the  ST-7/T  as  well,  meaning  that 
you  can  enjoy  both  bands  fully 
with  a  smaller  cash  investment- 
Grab  the  new  SANTEC  ST-7/T  and 
join  the  fun  on  440  MHz  See  your 
SANTEC  Dealer  for  delivery 
details*. 


.5  4    2     7     9    5  M  Mr 


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STILL  THE  LEADER 


SJUL 


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SANTEC'S  popular  HT-I200  is  the  incom- 
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ing over  quality,  power  and  features  that 
you'd  expect  from  something  nearer  the  size 
of  a  bread  bo*  SANTEC  packs  a  2  meter 
ham  shack  into  the  palm  of  your  hand) 

You  can  carry  scan,  search,  10  memories  and 
fully  synthesized  key  pad  control  around 
with  you  and  still  get  out  with  a  big  3.5 
watts  (nominal).  Compare  them  apples  to 
anything  you  want  and  settle  for  nothing 
less. 


•Sale  of  the  ST-7T  is  subject  to  FCC  Certification 


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SANTEC 


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The  SANTEC  KM  200  is  approved  under  FCC  Part  15 
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A  fresh  idea! 

Our  new  crop  of  Lone  equipment  is  the  freshest  thing  growing 
in  the  encoder /decoder  field  today.  AH  tones  are  instantly 
programmable  by  setting  a  dip  switch;  no  counter  is  required. 
Frequency  accuracy  is  an  astonishing  ±  ,  1  Hz  over  all  temper- 
ature extremes.  Multiple  tone  frequency  operation  is  a  snap 
since  the  dip  switch  may  be  remoted.  Our  SS-32  encode  only 
model  is  programmed  for  all  32  CTCSS  tones  or  all  test  tones, 
touch-tones  and  burst-tones, 
And,  of  course,  there's  no 

need  to  mention  our  TS-32 

1  day  delivery  and 
1  year  warranty. 


TS-32  Encoder-Decoder 

•Size:  1.25  "x  2.0  *  x  .40" 

•  High-pass  tone  filter  included  that  may  be  muted 

•  Meets  all  new  RS-220-A  specifications 

■  Available  in  all  32  EI  A  standard  CTCSS  tones 

SS-32  Encoder 

•Size:  .9"xL3"x.40" 

•  Available  with  either  Group  A  or  Group  B  tones 

Frequencies  Available: 


Group  A 

67.0  XZ 

91.5  ZZ 

118.8  2B 

156.7  5A 

71.9  XA 

94.8  ZA 

123.0  3Z 

162.2  5B 

74.4  WA 

97.4  ZB 

127.3  3A 

167,9  6Z 

77.0  XB 

100.0   VZ 

131,8  3B 

173.8  6A 

79.7  SP 

103.5   1A 

136.5  4Z 

179.9  6B       I 

82.5  YZ 

107,2  IB 

141.3  4A 

186.2  7Z 

85.4  YA 

110,9  2Z 

146.2  4B 

192.8  7A 

88.5  YB 

114.8  2A 

151.4  5Z 

203.5   Ml 

Frequency  accuracy,  ±  .1  Hz  maximum  -  40°C  to  +  85°C 
Frequencies  to  250 Hz  available  on  special  order 
Continuous  tone 


Group  B 

TEST- TONES: 
600 
1000 
1500 
2175 
2805 

TOUCH -TONES: 

697      1209 
770      1336 
852      1477 
941       1633 

BURST-TONES: 
1600     1850    2150    2400 
1650    1900    2200    2450 
1700     1950    2250    2500 
1750    2000    2300    2550 
1800    2100    2350 

•  Frequency  accuracy,  ±  1  Hz  maximum  -  40°C  to  +  85°C 

•  Tone  length  approximately  300ms.  May  be  lengthened, 
shortened  or  eliminated  by  changing  value  of  resistor 

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73  Magazine  Staff 


Contesting  from  VP5 

the  other  end  of  the  pileup  and  how  to  get  there 


It  began  as  a  fantasy  in 
August,  1980,  and  ended 
seven  months  and  8,100 
QSOs  later  as  a  contested 
d  r  e  a  nv  c  o  m  e-t  r  u  e  Tim 
N8RK  had  just  returned 
from  a  week  in  the  Carib- 
bean, where  he'd  been  work- 
ing with  other  hams  to  assist 
the  devastated  island  nation 
of  St.  Lucia  to  recover  from 
the  effects  of  Hurricane  Al- 
len (See  "Hams  vs.  Hurri- 
cane A I  ten/'  73  Magazine, 
November,  1980),  We  were 
examining  a  detailed  map  of 
the  Caribbean,  discussing 
his  trip,  when  one  of  us 
turned  to  the  other  and 
said,  "I  wonder  which  of 
these  islands  is  rare  enough 


to  be  a  good  spot  for  a  DX- 
pedition?"  It  was  just  idle 
chatter,  or  so  we  thought. 
As  it  turned  out,  none  of  the 
easily-accessible  islands 
could  be  considered  really 
rare.  However,  a  couple  of 
places,  notably  the  Turks 
and  Caicos  Islands  (VP5), 
were  heard  less  often  than 
most  of  the  others.  An  idea 
began  to  grow.  What  if  we 
did  an  expedition?  Pretty 
heady  stuff,  that!  After  all, 
weren't  DXpeditions  the 
business  of  such  DX  lumi- 
naries as  Don  Miller,  Gus 
Browning,  and  the  Colvins? 
We  set  out  to  prove  that  a 
couple  of  average  guys 
could  do  it,  too. 


Our  first  view  of  the  Turks  and  Caicos— the  tiny  island  of 
Grand  Turk,  Note  the  airport  runway,  which  runs  from  shore 
to  shore. 

12     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Getting  Organized 

As  with  any  complex 
project,  proper  planning  be- 
came the  key  to  success.  In 
order  to  give  ourselves  suf- 
ficient time  to  bring  togeth- 
er the  hundreds  of  details, 
we  selected  the  first  week 
of  March,  1981,  as  the  de- 
parture date,  giving  us  a  full 
seven  months  to  organize 
our  trip.  This  date  also  coin- 
cided with  the  phone  week* 
end  of  the  annual  ARRL  DX 
Competition,  in  which  we 
planned  to  enter  the  multi- 
operator,  single-transmitter 
category,  We  still  didn't 
know  for  sure  where  we 
were  going,  but  at  least  we 
knew  when! 

From  the  outset  plan- 
ning the  trip  was  an  un- 
wieldy exercise  in  long-dis- 
tance communication.  Tim 
returned  to  Terre  Haute,  In- 
diana, in  late  August  to  con- 
tinue the  pursuit  of  a  de- 
gree in  electrical  engineer- 
ing, while  I  remained  in 
New  Hampshire,  We  would 
not  see  each  other  again  un- 
til March  1st,  two  days 
before  leaving  for  VPS- 
land 

The  following  seven 
months  were  busy,  punctu- 
ated by  long  QSOs  on  20 
meters,  lengthy  letters,  and 


late-night  telephone  calls. 
Tim's  acquaintances  in  the 
midwest  and  mine  in  New 
England  thought  our  re- 
mote-control organizing  of 
such  a  trip  was  more  than  a 
little  unusual,  especially 
since  neither  of  us  had  ever 
before  been  involved  in  any 
sort  of  expedition. 

Tim  set  to  work  research- 
ing the  licensing  proce- 
dures for  VPS  and  several 
other  countries,  while  I  in- 
vestigated travel  and  ac- 
commodations throughout 
the  Caribbean,  At  this  junc- 
ture, a  chance  conversation 
with  loe  WB40SN  saved 
us  weeks  of  work.  Joe  had 
visited  the  Turks  and  Caicos 
Islands  several  times,  and 
he  heartily  recommended 
this  tiny  British  possession 
as  an  ideal  destination  for 
our  DXpedition  He  spoke 
with  special  favor  of  a 
place  called  the  Third  Tur- 
tle Inn,  on  Providenciales 
Island  (forever  after  known 
as  "Provo"),  one  of  the  larg- 
est islands  in  the  Turks  and 
Caicos  group.  As  if  this 
weren't  enough,  Joe  even 
provided  information  on  air 
connections  to  Provo,  which 
was  handy,  since  the  com- 
mercial airlines  do  not  yet 
fly  there  directly  from  the 
U.S.A.  After  educating  our 


The  Third  Turtle  Inn  on  Crace  Bay,  site  of  our  VP5TDX/ 
VP5JDT  operation.  Built  into  the  side  of  a  cliff,  the  inn  is  a 
popular  spot  for  DXpeditions.  We  stayed  in  the  small  build- 
ing at  upper  left. 


travel  agent  on  the  where- 
abouts of  the  islands  and 
getting  his  assurances  that 
rooms  were  indeed  avail- 
able at  the  Third  Turtle,  the 
die  was  cast  we  were  go- 
ing to  VPS! 

We  soon  learned  that  the 
Turks  and  Caicos  in  general, 
and  Provo  in  particular, 
were  the  home  of  some  of 
the  world's  very  best  snor- 
kling and  scuba  diving, 
Throughout  the  winter  of 
1980-81,  first  one  and  then 
another  skin-diving  maga- 
zine sang  the  praises  of  Pro- 
vo and  the  Third  Turtle  Inn. 
We  decided  we  had  picked 
the  right  place, 

Meanwhile,  Tim  was  dis- 
covering conflicting  infor- 
mation on  the  best  route  for 
obtaining  our  reciprocal  op- 
erating permits.  In  fact,  we 
came  up  with  no  less  than 
three  plausible  ways  of  get- 
ting a  VPS  license.  For- 
tunately, while  Tim's  first 
attempt  failed  to  bring  a 
VPS  license,  it  did  bring  the 
correct  information  from 
the  Magistrate's  office  in 
Grand  Turk,  the  capital 
city.  It  was  a  tight  squeeze, 
however,  with  our  licenses 
eventually  arriving  less 
than  three  weeks  before 
D-Day.  Having  these  pre- 
cious documents  in  hand 
was  a  tremendous  relief. 

It  appears  that,  in  the 
absence  of  any  special  re- 
quest, the  Magistrate  issues 


cal Isigns  based  on  the  ap- 
plicant's initials.  Thus  I 
received  VP5JDT,  while 
Tim  came  away  with 
VP5TDX.  Applicants  who 
ask  for  particular  suffixes 
seem  to  get  them,  as  long  as 
they  have  not  been  issued 
previously. 

Details,  Details 

From  the  first  every  bit 
of  advice  that  came  our 
way  emphasized  the  impor- 
tance of  careful  equipment 
selection  and  organization. 
Coming  up  short  on  some- 
thing as  simple  as  PL-259s 
could  completely  ruin  an 
otherwise  well-planned  trip. 
The  list  of  required  items, 
from  transceivers  to  suntan 
lotion,  grew  almost  daily 
for  six  months.  It  eventually 
occupied  seven  pages  in 
the  small  notebook  that  be- 
came my  constant  compan- 
ion. In  many  ways,  it  was 
like  planning  a  large  Field 
Day  effort,  except  that  the 
nearest  junk  box  or  ham 
store  was  750  miles  away. 

Early  on,  we  decided  to 
take  along  a  pair  of  trans- 
ceivers from  the  same  man- 
ufacturer. We  reasoned 
that  this  would  allow  us  to 
exchange  components  in 
the  event  of  rig  failure.  It 
also  made  all  microphones, 
headsets,  keyers,  eto,  inter- 
changeable without  rewir- 
ing connectors  when  going 
from  one  rig  to  another. 


A  partially-completed  cinder-block  wall  provided  a  sturdy 
support  for  our  tribander  Here,  Jim  prepares  to  hoist  the 
antenna  into  place  on  a  protruding  piece  of  reinforcing  rod. 


In  the  end,  we  chose  Ken- 
wood gear:  a  TS-520  loaned 
to  us  by  good  friend  Bill 
W1  HCS  and  an  830S  from 
the  OM  himself,  W2NSD/1. 
Antennas  would  be  a  trap 
vertical  (again  courtesy  of 
HCS)  and  a  Cushcraf t  A3  tri- 
band  beam.  Telex  Pro- 
Corn  m  200  headset/boom 
mikes,  an  MF)  antenna  tun- 
er, and  a  remote  vfo  for  the 
520  completed  the  inven- 
tory of  major  gear. 

W1HCS  also  volunteered 
his  address  as  the  mail  drop 
for  the  many  incoming  QSL 
cards  that  were  certain  to 
follow  our  trip.  Both  Tim 
and  I  had  changed  our  mail- 
ing addresses  so  often  in  the 
past  few  years  that  our 
Callbook  listings  were  ac- 
curate only  in  the  most 
recent  editions,  It  may 
seem  like  a  very  minor  de- 
tail, but  the  use  of^  a  long- 
established  address  such  as 
Bill's  greatly  simplified  our 
on-the-air  response  to  re- 
quests for  QSL  information. 
Bill's  lovely  wife,  Lynn,  ac- 
cepted this  imposition  with 
extraordinarily  good  grace. 

As  planned  seven  months 
beforehand,  Tim  arrived  in 
New  Hampshire  just  two 
days  before  departure  for 
VPS,  Those  last  48  hours 
were  spent  carefully  pack- 
ing the  four  suitcases  and 
two  antenna  bundles  which 
comprised  our  gear.  A  fifth 
bag  held  all  our  personal 


items.  The  trap  vertical  and 
most  of  the  beam  were 
stowed  in  a  red,  white,  and 
blue  ski  bag.  Aside  from 
getting  us  a  lot  of  strange 
looks  in  the  sunny  Carib- 
bean, this  proved  to  be  an 
efficient  way  to  carry  those 
dozens  of  aluminum  tubes. 
It  also  had  the  advantage  of 
sticking  out  like  a  sore 
thumb  amongst  the  piles  of 
baggage  at  the  airports 
through  which  we  passed, 
no  chance  of  losing  that 
one.  Just  in  case,  however, 
we  decided  to  carry  a  mini- 
mal station  with  us  aboard 
the  aircraft.  On  Monday 
afternoon,  March  2,  we 
dashed  through  our  several- 
hundred-item  checklist  one 
last  time.  Then,  it  was  off  to 
Boston's  Logan  Airport  for 
a  night  flight  to  Miami. 

Slowly,  Slowly 

After  seven  months  of  an- 
ticipation  and  a  frantic  last 
two  days,  Tim  and  I  were  on 
a  natural  high  as  we  flew 
first  to  Miami,  and  the  next 
day,  on  to  Grand  Turk,  the 
only  place  in  the  Turks  and 
Caicos  served  by  jets  from 
the  U.S.  We  had  booked 
reservations  on  the  Turks 
and  Caicos  National  Air- 
lines (TCNA)  for  a  connect- 
ing flight  to  Provo,  our  final 
destination. 

Although  the  runway  at 
Grand  Turk  spans  the  entire 
width  of  the  island,  it's  still 
a  short  one.  Our  small  737 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     13 


Once  atop  the  wall  the  antenna  was  tied  off  to  prevent  the 
ever-present  tropical  breezes  from  tearing  it  to  pieces.  Karh 
sas  is  dead  ahead. 


jetliner  used  all  but  the  last 
100  feet  or  so  in  making  a 
smooth  landing  After  clear- 
ing customs  and  immigra- 
tion, a  task  made  easier 
when  we  showed  officials 
our  reciprocal  licenses,  the 
first  order  of  business  was 
to  check  the  status  of  our 
TCNA  flight  to  Provo.  On 
this  matter,  there  was  bad 
news  and  good  news.  The 
bad  news  was  that  the 
TCNA  plane  had  already 
departed  .  .  without  us. 
The  good  news  was  that  it 
had  been  filled  to  capacity 
anyway,  so  we  really  hadn't 
missed  anything.  Oh,  well! 

It  was  quickly  obvious 
that  both  life  and  business 
in  the  Turks  and  Caicos  ran 
at  a  somewhat  more  re- 
laxed and  informal  pace 
than  we  were  accustomed 
to,  We  began  to  explore 
alternative  transportation 
to  Provo  and  encountered  a 
pilot,  an  American,  who  of- 
fered to  fly  us  to  Provo  at 
no  charge,  since  he  lived  on 
the  island.  The  only  hitch 
was  that  his  single-engine 
plane  refused  to  start,  even 
when  jumped  from  a  truck 
battery,  Three  hours  later, 
no  apparent  progress  had 
been  made,  although  our 
erstwhile  pilot  was  still  try- 
ing, His  only  comment  was, 
"Slowly,  slowly/'  We  began 
to  wonder  if  we'd  ever  see 
Provo. 

The  sun  was  setting 
behind  the  Grand  Turk  con- 


trol tower  when  opportuni- 
ty knocked  in  the  form  of 
charter  pilot  Howard  Ham- 
ilton and  his  beautiful  twin- 
engined  Cessna.  Howard 
was  bound  for  Provo  and 
announced  his  willingness 
to  take  passengers  if  we 
could  leave  immediately. 
Leaving  the  bulk  of  our  ham 
gear  in  the  hands  of  an  air- 
port official,  Tim  and  I 
grabbed  the  520,  the  anten* 
na  tuner,  some  wire,  and 
our  cameras  and  jumped 
aboard  Howard's  plane  in 
the  failing  light.  More  than 
an  hour  later,  we  arrived 
over  Provo  in  almost  total 
darkness,  at  which  time 
Howard  executed  a  near 
perfect  landing  without 
benefit  of  runway  lights  or 
any  sort  of  traffic  control. 
We'd  made  it. 

Faster,  Faster 

The  Third  Turtle  Inn  has 

played  host  to  a  number  of 
visiting  hams  over  the  years 
and  has  one  room  which  is 
ideally  situated  for  amateur 
radio  operations.  This  cliff- 
side  QTH  was  to  be  our 
home  for  the  next  seven 
days.  Shortly  after  our  ar- 
rival, Tim  wandered  among 
the  bushes  and  small  trees 
at  the  cliff's  edge,  rigging  a 
very-random  wire  antenna 
The  wire  tuned  up  just  fine 
on  1 5  meters,  and  we  were 
on  the  air  within  minutes 

We  had  decided  to  use 
Tim's  VP5TDX  callsign  dur- 


ing the  contest  and  my  own 
VP5JDT  before  and  after 
the  big  weekend.  Since  the 
contest  was  still  three  days 
away,  it  was  VP5)DT  (with 
Tim  at  the  mike)  which 
called  CQ  and  worked 
W2|LO  for  QSO  #1  of  our 
week  in  paradise.  A  handful 
of  contacts  were  made  that 
first  night  prior  to  a  wonder- 
ful seafood  dinner  and 
some  much  needed  sleep. 

By  1:30  the  following 
afternoon  (Wednesday), 
TCNA  had  managed  to  ship 
the  remainder  of  our  ham 
gear  from  Grand  Turk  to  the 
Third  Turtle  Inn  In  between 
excursions  to  the  beach,  we 
managed  to  get  the  vertical 
on  the  air,  and  the  pace 
began  to  quicken.  We  set- 
tled in  for  some  serious  pre- 
contest  operation  that  con- 
tinued until  2:00  am,  and 
whichever  one  of  us  wasn't 
working  the  pileups  was 
bolting  together  pieces  of 
the  beam.  We  spent  time  on 
both  modes  and  found  20- 
meter  CW  especially  pro- 
ductive. 

Things  really  began  to 
hop  when  the  beam  went 
up  Thursday  afternoon,  The 
pileups  became  enormous, 
As  our  proficiency  grew,  so 
did  our  contact  rate  — from 
60  to  90  to  1 50  contacts  per 
hour.  Our  beam  was  fixed 
on  the  center  of  the  United 
States,  since  that's  the  area 
we'd  be  working  in  the  con- 
test. Despite  this,  a  number 
of  Japanese  and  European 
stations  were  worked,  most- 
ly as  a  result  of  superb  oper- 
ating on  their  part,  especial- 
ly on  CW  About  1500  con- 
tacts were  made  by  VP5J  DT 
in  the  days  preceding  the 
contest  weekend, 

Not  that  we  spent  all  our 
time  operating.  Are  you  kid- 
ding? This  was  our  vacation, 
too,  and  we  took  full  advan- 
tage of  the  superb  beaches, 
fine  swimming,  and  deli- 
cious food  served  up  by  the 
Third  Turtle.  When  Friday 
evening  rolled  around,  we 
were  warmed  up,  rested  up, 
and  eager  to  have  at  it.  At 
0000  UTC,  we  switched  call- 


signs  to  VP5TDX  and 
plunged  headlong  into  the 
fray,  with  KB0PR  as  the  first 
of  6,300  contest  contacts. 

The  vast  majority  of  the 
contest  is  a  blur  of  QRZs, 
signal  reports,  and  call- 
signs.  However,  several 
highlights,  both  good  and 
bad,  do  stand  out 

•  We  made  200  QSOs  dur- 
ing the  first  hour  of  the  con- 
test. Suddenly,  we  knew 
we'd  be  competitive. 

•  Saturday  found  us  run- 
ning 10  meters  for  8  con- 
secutive hours,  averaging 
189  QSOs  per  hour  for  the 
duration,  The  10-meter 
propagation  was  superb,  re- 
sulting in  2,700  contest 
QSOs  on  this  band  alone, 

•  Our  initial  goal  of  3,000 
QSOs  was  exceeded  with 
more  than  half  the  contest 
still  to  go. 

•  With  our  adrenalin  really 
pumping,  neither  one  of  us 
did  much  sleeping  during 
the  entire  first  night  of  the 
contest  As  a  result,  we 
made  a  lot  of  mistakes  on 
Sunday  morning,  and  we 
each  fell  asleep  at  the  mike 
at  least  once, 

•  We  managed  27  contacts 
on  160  meters,  despite  the 
world's  worst  antenna  — a 
75'  random  wire  just  five 
feet  above  the  ground, 

•  Chaos  reigned  when  the 
830S  gave  up  the  ghost  on 
Sunday  morning,  blowing  a 
filter  capacitor  in  response 
to  an  overvoltage  on  the 
power  line. 

•  Only  five  minutes  after 
the  last  contact  (with 
KC4IW),  our  remaining  rig, 
the  TS-52G,  also  went  down 
for  the  count,  popping  an 
FET  on  the  rf  board.  For- 
tunately, the  contest  was 
over,  with  6,300  QSOs  in 
the  log  We'd  averaged  130 
QSOs  per  hour  for  48  hours! 

The  Aftermath 

Monday  morning  found 
us  hard  at  it,  scavenging 
parts  from  the  520  to  get 
the  830S  back  on  the  air.  We 
succeeded  and  made  325 
more  contacts  before  clos- 
ing   down    for    good    late 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


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Monday  night  WB2RWW 
was  the  last  of  some  8,1  GO 
contacts  made  during  our 
one  week  sojourn  in  the 
Turks  and  Caicos  Islands. 
All  too  soon,  it  was  back  to 
reality,  and  reality  was  a 
cold  March  night  in  New 
Hampshire,  with  a  tempera- 
ture of  35  degrees,  about  50 
degrees  lower  than  in  the 
islands. 

The  two  of  us  spent  three 
weeks  duping  our  logs,  find- 
ing about  300  stations  that 
had  worked  us  unnecessari- 
ly. The  duping  chore  was 
greatly  eased  by  the  use  of 
two  TRS-8Q  microcomput- 
ers. Our  final  tally  of  5991 
QSOs  and  4,924/602  points 
broke  no  records,  but  com- 
pared quite  favorably  to 
the  high  scores  turned  in 
after  past  contests.  We 
should  at  least  win  the  cer- 
tificate for  VP5! 

QSLing  has  proved  to  be 
a  very  time-consuming 
chore.  In  fact  answering 
our  mountain  of  cards  has 


required  the  most  time  of 
any  single  aspect  of  the 
whole  project.  And  lest  you 
think  DXpeditions  always 
receive  envelopes  stuffed 
to  bursting  with  green 
stamps,  be  advised  that  our 
income  so  far  hasn't  even 
paid  for  the  extra  stamps 
we've  had  to  buy  as  a  result 
of  last  spring's  3<t  postage 
increase.  And  cards  are  still 
arriving,  six  months  later. 

It's  been  debated  wheth- 
er a  trip  to  a  pleasant  and 
not-so-rare  place  like  VPS 
should  be  called  a  DXpedi- 
tion.  Some  prefer  to  reserve 
that  term  for  visits  to  more 
exotic  and  extremely  rare 
spots  such  as  Spratly  Island 
and  Clipperton.  But  wheth- 
er you  call  it  a  DXpedition, 
a  DX  vacation,  or  some- 
thing else  again,  it's  a  fact 
that  many  of  the  cards  we 
have  received  bear  the  in- 
scription, "Thanks  for  the 
new  country/'  As  we  all 
know,  any  country  is  rare  if 
you  haven't  worked  it  yet. 


A  very  frazzled  WB8BTH  near  the  end  of  the  contest.  At 
this  stage,  one  rig  was  dead  and  we  had  run  out  of  contest 
log  sheets.  The  sign  on  the  lamp  became  an  increasingly- 
needed  aid  to  remembering  our  call  sign. 


From  our  viewpoint,  the 
thrill  was  in  being  on  the 
other  end  of  the  pileup  at 
least  once  in  our  lives.  It 
means  calling  CQ  and  al- 
ways getting  an  answer,  It 
means  a  QSO  rate  limited 
only  by  how  fast  you  can 
send  or  talk.  It  means  find- 
ing out  just  how  courteous 
most    hams    really    are.    It 


means  being  a  celebrity,  if 
only  for  a  little  white. 

Would  we  do  it  again?  In 
a  minute!  Would  we  do  it 
differently?  Of  course;  it's 
always  easy  to  spot  your 
mistakes  using  20-20  hind- 
sight Should  you  give  it  a 
try?  By  all  means!  If  we  can 
do  it,  so  can  you.B 

73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     15 


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band  selected 
automatically. 


Continuously  variable  power  from 
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General  coverage  receiver  from  a 
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in  standby  WO. 


snip        HAI 


GtHKAt 

BLIP  C»fH         DOWN 


CEWE        VOX  IOOKj 


Simple  to  use  Dual  VFO's  standard 

Data  transfer  button  for  mailing  a  fre- 
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THANJWT               <  ti-u 

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i 

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i  a  ? 

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(  C  u 

Braodbanded  solid  state  transceiver  operation  on  the  9 
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Use  of  RF/ALC  switch  in  conjunction 
with  the  internal  top  hatch  cover 
switches  allows  monitoring  relative  RF 
Out,  SWR,  collector  current  and  ALC, 


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The  IC-3AT  includes  a  16  button 
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#  * 


In  Profile: 
Ted  Gamlin,  A  Contester 


Chris  Brown  KAW 

73  Magd/ine  Staff 


In  a  darkened  farmhouse 
on  the  crest  of  a  wind- 
swept New  England  hill, 
conventional  time  has 
stopped  for  13  men  For 
them,  the  hours  of  the  day 
hold  no  importance,  other 
than  that  of  marking  the  ap- 
proach of  sunrise  and  sun- 


set and  the  attendant  shifts 
in  propagation.  This  week- 
end, time  is  a  48-hour  con- 
tinuum for  these  men  with- 
in which  they  must  contact 
as  many  DX  countries  as 
possible,  amass  as  many 
QSOs  as  possible,  and  do  so 
on  as  many  HF  bands  as 
possible.  They  measure 
time  in  the  hours  of  the  con- 
test, not  of  the  day. 

In  their  kitchen,  dirty 
dishes,  scattered  silver- 
ware, coffee-stained  mugs 
and    half-eaten    casseroles 


litter  the  countertops  like 
the  aftermath  of  some  great 
feast,  but  there  has  been  no 
feasting.  Most  meals  have 
been  gulped  in  silence  and 
eaten  alone.  In  serious  ham 
radio  contesting,  there  are 
no  communal  suppers. 

In  another  part  of  the 
house,  the  contest  wing, 
lights  brighten,  then  dim 
again,  as  six  Alpha  linears 
bang  on  and  off  line.  Hag- 
gard operators,  their  voices 
hinting  hoarseness,  drive  on 
through  the  night  with  their 


Ted  Gamlin  K10X:  like  a  general  on  the  battlefield. 


incessant  message  — CQ 
CONTEST,  CQ  CONTEST, 
CQ  CONTEST.  The  refrain 
is  always  the  same  at  Kay 
One  Ocean  X-Ray 

KIOX  is  both  man  and 
machine.  The  man,  Ted 
Gamlin,  is  an  affable  and 
outgoing  medical  equip- 
ment salesman  with  an  ex* 
tremely  competitive  na- 
ture. The  machine  is  one  of 
the  top  multi-operator/mul- 
ti-transmitter  contest  sta- 
tions in  America  and,  possi- 
bly, the  world. 

The  machine  is  in  high 
gear  this  weekend  for  the 
phone  portion  of  the  1981 
ARRL  International  DX 
Contest  With  its  staff  of  13, 
the  big  multi/multi  contest 
juggernaut  is  bullying  its 
way  through  this  contest 
with  a  vengeance. 

The  man  has  a  migraine 
that  won't  quit 

Stakes  are  high,  but  not 
in  terms  of  dollars  (though 
Ted  Gamlin  has  spent  quite 
a  few  in  the  course  of  add- 
ing five  skylight-equipped 
rooms  to  his  house  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  contesting, 
and  has  raised  six  towers 
and  twenty  antennas  in  his 
backyard).  The  stakes  are 
high  in  terms  of  pride.  Put 
simply,  Ted  Gamlin  and  the 
K1  OX  machine  want  to  kick 


18     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


everyone's  butt  in  this  con- 
test for  the  simple  pleasure 
of  being  the  best:  the  best  in 
America,  the  best  in  the 
world. 

Sitting  in  his  darkened 
kitchen  on  Saturday  night, 
28  hours  into  the  ARRL  In- 
ternational DX  Contest  Ted 
is  putting  the  finishing 
touches  on  an  intercom  sig- 
naling system  that  will  tie 
the  six  operating  positions 
of*his  station  together. 

Amid  the  chaos  that  is 
big-time  contesting,  he 
shares  his  thoughts  with  73 
Magazine. 

73:  This  place  is  a  zoo,  Ted! 
Halfway  through  the  con- 
test and  you  fre  still  building 
the  station. 

Camlin:  Yeah,  I  might  finish 
it  someday,  too.  It's  getting 
to  be  a  full-time  job. 
73:  Speaking  of  jobs,  what 
do  you  do  for  a  living? 
Camlin:  I'm  in  the  medical 
field.  I  sell  blood-chemistry 
analyzers  for  a  New  Jersey- 
based  company  called 
Electro-Nucleonics,  And, 
I've  been  doing  this  for 
about  eight  years  now. 
Man,  time  flies! 
73:  Always  been  in  sales? 
Camlin:  No,  I  started  out  in 
field  engineering.  My  back- 
ground is  in  electronics  and 
I've  got  an  associate 
degree.  But,  when  the  op- 
portunity came  up  to  go  in- 
to sales,  I  just  couldn't  pass 
it  up.  It  has  worked  out 
pretty  well. 

I  like  sales.  It's  a  lot  of  ag- 
gression, I  guess  that's  what 
life  is  now.  Here  we  are  mul- 
ti/multi  contesting.  .  .ag- 
gression at  its  best,  in  ham 
radio,  anyway. 

73:  Do  you  do  any  other  ag- 
gressive kinds  of  things 
.  ,  .  play  sports  for  instance? 
Camlin:  Yes,  I  enjoy  sports, 
I  play  ice  hockey  in  the 
winter,  softbalf  in  the  sum- 
mer, and  I  played  football 
and  baseball  in  school.  I 
generally  like  aggressive 
things. 

73:  Were  you  into  hamming 
as  a  kid? 

Camlin:  Yeah,  I  got  my  li- 
cense in  November  of  1961, 


Diet  Pepsi  and  visual  aides  help  keep  KIOX's  ten-meter  rate  high  during  a  morning  }A  run* 


when  I  was  twelve  years 
old. 

73:  And  how  did  you  get  in- 
to contesting? 

Camlin:  It's  kind  of  funny.  It 
seemed  to  happen  the  way 
most  things  do  in  life:  One 
thing  led  to  another,  f  was 
living  in  an  apartment,  hid- 
ing all  sorts  of  wire  anten- 
nas in  the  woods  next  door, 
and  got  the  urge  to  get  a 
house  of  my  own  on  top  of 
a  high  hill.  1  had  bofted  40 

feet  of  Rohn  25  to  my  bal- 
cony without  bothering  to 
ask  the  landlord  — when 
you  ask,  they  always  say 
no  —  and  it  was  time  to 
move.    I    searched    for    a 


W1RR  and  took  third.  The 
next  time  out  we  took  sec- 
ond place  in  the  ARRL  con- 
test. That  was  in  the  old 
house  before  I  added  the 
contest  wing.  Everything 
was  in  two  rooms  and  half- 
way through  most  contests 
the  well  would  run  dry. 
There  was  always  lots  of 
yellow  snow  around  the 
house  in  those  days.  I'm 
amazed  I  could  get  anyone 
to  operate. 

73:  How  about  other  ham 
activities?  Do  you  get  into 
traffic-handling  or  DXing, 
etc,  ? 

Camlin:  It's  funny;  I'm  sea- 
sonal. At  certain  times  of 


"I  never  do  anything  halfway." 


house  and  finally  found 
one.  Within  eight  months  of 
moving  in,  I  was  contesting. 
At  first  I  just  wanted  to 
chase  DX,  but  friends 
talked  me  into  contesting 
because  the  site  was  so 
good. 

I  never  do  anything  half- 
way. Towers  began  going 
up  out  in  the  backyard,  and 
soon  I  had  four.  We  started 
contesting  and  found  that 
we  were  really  competitive. 
In  the  first  contest  we  were 
in,  CQ  World  Wide  DX, 
1976,    we    used    the    call 


the  year,  I  chase  DX  like 
mad  and  at  other  times  I 
could  care  less.  It's  really 
odd;  my  interests  are  sea- 
sonal. In  the  summer,  I 
don't  think  much  about  HF. 
I  play  around  with  VHF  on 
six  and  two. 

73:  Have  you  got  any  other 
hobbies  besides  contesting 
and  playing  sports? 
Camlin:  One  of  my  hobbies 
is  body-building.  I've  got  a 
futl  weight  set  in  the  base- 
ment and  I  lift  heavy 
weights,  I  do  the  general 
kinds  of  things  to  stay  thin 


and  alive  and  healthy  and 
happy,  that's  all. 
73:    And   ready    to    go    up 
towers    at    a    moment's 
notice? 

Camlin:  Well,  you  know, 
that's  why  I  started  body- 
building. In  the  summer, 
I'm  always  active.  In  the 
winter,  I  play  hockey  but 
don't  do  any  really  heavy 
work.  So,  for  carrying  things 
up  towers  in  the  winter,  I 
wasn't  always  prepared  the 
way  I  should  have  been. 
That's  why  I  started  lifting 
weights  in  the  off-season 
,  .  ,  the  off-contest  and  off- 
tower-climbing  season. 
73:  What  dedication! 
Camlin:  Well,  I  lift  my  share 
of  weights  in  the  winter  and 
when  summer  comes  I'm 
ready,  It  works  out  very 
nicely.  I  think  tower- 
climbing  is  one  of  the  best 
exercises  in  the  world. 
When  you  climb  up,  say, 
100  or  160  feet  straight  in 
the  air,  it's  amazing  what  it 
does  to  the  thigh  muscles, 
73:  Sounds  like  you're  one 
of  the  few  hams  who  en- 
joys tower  work. 
Camlin:  I  do.  But  I  try  to 
pace  myself.  I  climb  so  that 
I  always  have  enough  ener- 
gy left  to  get  myself  out  of  a 
pickle  should  anything  go 
wrong.  Nothing  ever  has 
yet,  although  I've  been  in 
my  share  of  binds. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     19 


m 


Janice  Camlin:  a  wife  who  has  learned  to  live  with  ham 
radio  contesting, 


73:  So  I  understand.  There  is 
an  anecdote  I've  heard 
about  the  assembly  of  your 
160  footer  that's  pretty 
scary. 

Camtin:  That's  for  sure.  I 
built  all  my  towers  myself, 
including  the  160-foot  Rohn 
45,  One  day,  I  had  climbed 
up  about  130  feet  with  a 
70-pound  section  hooked  to 
my  belt.  I  was  putting  on 
the  last  few  sections  with- 
out a  gin-pole  and  I  said  to 
myself,  "Man  this  thing 
seems  heavy!''  I  looked 
down,  and  the  rope  left  on 
the  ground  had  looped 
around  another  section.  I 
was  climbing  with  150 
pounds  of  tower  sections 
hanging  on  my  belt.  I 
couldn't  let  go  and  I 
couldn't  hang  on  much 
longer.  The  old  'What  do  I 
do  now?'  routine. 

73:  You're  crazy! 


Camlin:  You're  right.  Many 
people  have  said  that,  too, 
including  my  wife.  I've 
been  up  these  towers  in 
windstorms,  total  black- 
ness, rain,  you  name  it.  I've 
got  stories  about  what's 
happened  to  me  on  those 
towers  that  you  wouldn't 
believe,  like  the  time  I  got  a 
wrench  stuck  to  my  tongue. 

73:  To  your  tongue? 

Camlin:  Yes,  on  last  Christ- 
mas Day.  It  was  about  20 
below  zero  with  a  wind  chill 
of  minus  60.  Unbelievable! 
My  lower  20-meter  mono- 
bander  in  the  stacked  array 
had  broken  loose  in  the 
high  winds  and  was  hanging 
by  its  truss  lines.  Before  it 
beat  itself  to  death,  I  had  to 
go  up  and  secure  it.  That  is 
the  coldest  day  I've  ever 
been  up  a  tower  I  got  up  to 
it  and  just  ran  out  of  hands 


I  put  the  wrench  in  my  teeth 
knowing  I  couldn't  touch  it 
with  my  tongue.  But,  it  wob- 
bled,   caught    my    tongue, 
and   froze   to   it   instantly. 
There  I  was,  hanging  off  the 
towerr   freezing   to   death, 
trying  to  pry  this  wrench  off 
my  tongue  without  giving 
up  too  much  skin. 
73:  Speaking  of  fowers,  Ted 
I've  noticed  a  few  around 
the  house.  Could  you  fill  me 
in  on  the  antenna  farm? 
Camlin:  OK,  On  160  meters, 
we're  using  a  full-size  in- 
verted vee.  The  apex  is  at 
160  feet  and  the  ends  are  at 
90  feet 

On  80  meters,  I  have  a 
pair  a  full-wave  delta  loops 
in  phase.  The  apex  of  those 
is  at  160  feet  and  the  bot- 
tom legs  are  about  72  feet 
off  the  ground  They  are 
horizontally  fed  and  are  on. 
a  42-foot  cross-boom  I  also 
have  a  full-size,  1/4-wave 
vertical  with  98  radials 
underneath  it.  It's  a  Rohn  25 
tower  on  an  insulated  base. 
There  also  is  a  simple 
dipole  hanging  flat-top 
at  about  54  feet  and  two 
beverages. 

73:    That's   quite  a   setup. 
How  about  on  40? 
Camlin:    On    40   meters,    I 
have  a  four-element  KLM 
monobander  at  95  feet.  I  al- 
so have  a  two-element  mon- 
obander at  75  feet  which 
has    not    been    performing 
very  well. 
73:  And  on  20.    .  ? 
Camlin:  On  20,  I've  got  a  ro- 
tatable,  five-element  mono- 
bander  at  160  feet  Fixed  in 
the  European  direction,  on 
the  same  tower,  there  is  a 
fourover-four  array  made 
up    of    two    four-element 
monobanders.  There  also  is 
a  four-element  monoband- 
er fixed  on  the  Caribbean 
on  the  20-meter  tower.  By 
the  way,  all  these  antennas 
are    switched    by    Transco 
low-loss  remote  relays  and 
fed  with  RC-9/BU,  a  silver- 
plated,    double-shielded 
coax 

73:  I  see  And  on  15         ? 
Camlin:    On    15,    basically 
the  same  situation.  A  six- 
element    monobander   at 


105  feet,  a  fixed  four-over- 
four  array  to  Europe,  and  a 
single  four-element  mono- 
bander on  the  Caribbean. 
73:  And,  finally,  ten? 
Camlin:  On  10,  the  top  an- 
tenna is  a  seven-element, 
wide-spaced,  home-brew 
monobander  at  95  feet. 
Then  a  four-over-four  array 
to  Europe  at  60  and  30  feet 
and  in  the  middle  of  that  a 
four-element  monobander 
on  the  Caribbean, 

73:  Are  most  of  the  yagis 
home-brewed? 
Camlin:  No.  The  fixed  ar- 
rays are  all  Cushcraft 
Skywalkers  and  on  20  and 
15  the  rotatable  beams  are 
both  KLMs.  Only  the  IO- 
meter beam  is  home- 
brewed. 

73:  How  about  the  operating 
positions?  Does  each  have 
two  transceivers  and  a  third, 
spotting,  receiver? 
Camlin:  Yes,  except  for  160. 
Right  now,  I'm  a  victim  of 
everyone  else's  equipment 
Trying  to  set  everything  up 
in  three  or  four  hours 
before  a  contest  is  just 
murder.  Surprisingly,  we've 
had  relatively  few  problems 
so  far. 

73:  About  the  station,  did 
you  build  it  all  yourself? 
Camlin:  Mostly.  I  had  a  con- 
tractor do  the  big  siuff  on 
the  new  wing  I've  added 
and  I'm  doing  most  of  the 
wiring  and  finish  work. 

73:  How  about  the  station 
engineering?  Thai  too? 
Camlin:  Yes.  That's  the 
hard  part.  Inter-station  in- 
terference can  be  very 
tough  to  get  rid  of. 

On  all  bands,  you  have  to 
have  suck-out  filters  that 
null  the  second  harmonic 
of  each  transmitter,  plus 
bandpass  filters  alt  over  the 
place.  We've  found  that  the 
Japanese  equipment  is  very 
susceptible  to  overload 
Great  pains  must  be  taken 
to  keep  the  level  of  all  that 
garbage  down,  and  especi- 
ally no  broadbanded  trans- 
mitters. They  are  the  worst. 

I'm  really  happy  with  the 
way  everything  has  turned 
out,  though.  It's  funny.  This 


20     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


thing  has  sort  of  evolved.  I 
never  had  a  complete  plan 
from  day  one.  Once  the  ad- 
dition was  underway,  I  real- 
ized that  there  was  going  to 
be  lots  of  extra  room.  It  was 
then  that  I  decided  to  use  it 
for  a  massive  multi/multi. 
So,  I  had  five  separate 
rooms  framed,  lots  of 
sound-deadening  insulation 
put  into  the  walls,  solid- 
core  doors  hung  for  each 
room.  Did  everything  to 
keep  ambient  noise  down. 
Ambient  noise  is  the  enemy 
of  every  multi/multr  It  kills 
them. 

With  the  spiral  staircase  I 
put  in,  I'll  never  be  able  to 
take  queen-size  beds  up  to 
the  contest  wing  so  I  guess 
they  won't  make  great 
guest  rooms.  They  sure 
make  good  contest  rooms, 
though. 

73;  Ted,  you  seem  to  have 
the  ultimate  setup  here  in 


terms  of  the  facilities  and 
equipment.  At  what  point 
does  the  human  take  over 
and  make  the  difference  be- 
tween winning  and  losing? 
Gamlin:  At  this  level,  you 
have  to  have  the  best  of 
both,  men  and  machines. 
As  far  as  the  ultimate  setup 
goes,  I'm  not  quite  there, 
yet,  I'd  like  to  have  all  the 
equipment  in  place  so  that 
the  guys  could  just  come  in 
and  operate  My  objective 
here  is  to  keep  the  people 
operating  under  optimum 
conditions,  to  keep  it 
enjoyable. 

Unfortunately,  the  build- 
ing drained  me  financially 
to  the  point  where  I 
couldn't  provide  all  the 
equipment  needed.  In  time, 
I  hope  to  have  good  quality 
radios  of  my  own  up  there 
m  all  the  positions.  Slowly 
but  surely.  Til  get  every- 
thing set  up. 


73:   Sot    most   of   the   rigs 
are  now  brought  in  by  the 
operators? 
Gamlin:  Yes. 

73:  I  thought  that  you  had 
five  Kenwood  TS-830s  or- 
dered for  the  station. 
Gamlin:  I  did.  But,  as  I  say, 
the  building  drained  me  fi- 
nancially and  I  couldn't 
supply  an  830  at  each  oper- 
ating position 

73:  Are  you  pretty  well  sold 
on  the  830  as  the  best  con- 
test rig? 

Gamlin:  More  or  less  I've 
looked  at  lots  of  rigs,  and 
we  have  lots  of  different 
ones  here  this  weekend, 
and  the  830  seems  to  have 
the  best  receiver  in  it  of  any 
Japanese  rig  I've  ever  used. 
In  all  cases,  we  run  an  out- 
board receiver  anyway  so 
Kenwood's  problem  of  re- 
ceiver overload  is  mini- 
mized.  I  also  prefer  tube- 


type  transmitters.  They 
tend  to  have  cleaner  audio 
and  seem  more  able  to  take 
the  abuse  we  give  them  In  a 
contest.  At  some  point  in 
the  future,  Til  probably 
have  the  five  Kenwoods, 

73:  Ted,  f  must  admit  I  find 
it  a  little  strange  that  after  all 
your  effort  and  expense  you 
don't  operate. 

Gamlin:  If  I  did  J  would  be 
constantly  interrupted  I 
would  never  be  able  to  sit 
down(  uninhibited,  and  op- 
erate because  there  always 
would  be  people  saying 
"Where's  this/'  "I  need 
that/'  "What's  happened. 
here,"  "This  went  dead." 

73:    Don't    you    ever    miss 

operating    in    these    big 

contests? 

Camlin:  Not  really    I  think  I 

feel  more  pressure  on  me 

than    all    of    these    guys. 

Typically,  in  every  contest 


CONTESTER'S  WIFE— JANICE  GAMLIN 


73:  As  we  sit  here,  you've  got  a  house  full  of  contesters.  Do 
you  think  your  husband  is  a  hit  crazy  for  inflicting  these 
madmen  on  you  several  weekends  a  year? 
Janice;  Not  at  all.  I  think  it's  a  lot  of  fun ...  a  lot  of  good  con- 
structive fun.  They  have  all  worked  very  hard  this  weekend 
and  some  are  so  punchy  from  lack  of  sleep  they  can't  see 
straight.  But  I  don't  see  it  as  crazy  at  all.  They  are  having  too 
much  fun  for  It  to  be  crazy. 

73:  Ted  teiis  me  that  you  are  studying  For  your  Novice  license, 
is  that  true? 

Janice:  Yes,  I'm  trying  to,  anyway,  f  go  to  class  two  nights  a 
week  and  I  hope  to  take  the  test  soon. 
73;  Any  plans  to  get  into  contesting? 
Janice:  Well,  maybe,  f  probably  would  try  it  if  I  thought  I 
wouldn't  get  in  their  way.  They  get  a  little. . .  uh,  excited  up 
there  during  a  contest, 

73:  How  long  have  you  and  Ted  been  married? 
Janice:  A  year  this  past  June. 

73;  And  you  knew  about  this  contest  business  before  the 
ceremony? 

Janice:  Oh,  yes.  I  remember  when  I  first  came  over  to  the 
house,  though.  I  looked  at  what  turned  out  to  be  the  antenna 
farm  and  said,  "You've  gotta  be  kidding !  Those  aren't  clothes- 
lines out  there/' 

Ted  said,  "No.  dear,  they're  not,**  and  then  explained  it  all  to 
me.  \  never  thought  that  anyone  could  be  so  enthusiastic 
about  anything.  I  had  heard  of  hobbies,  but  never  anything 
like  this.  He  has  it  in  his  blood. 

73:  i  thought  it  rather  unusual  that  you  had  a  wing  added  to 
the  house  for  the  purpose  of  contesting,  Ted  mentioned 
something  about  always  having  plenty  of  room  for  guests. 
Any  comments  on  that** 

Janice:  He  told  me  at  first  that  we  would  have  five  guest 
rooms  above  the  new  family  room  and  two-car  garage.  Truth- 
fully, I  knew  from  day  one  that  there  was  something  funny 
about  that,  especially  when  I  saw  the  skylights  go  in. 


Then,  Ted  tofd  me  about  the  wonderful  spotlights  he  was 
going  to  put  around  the  house.  He  said  that  they  would 
be  pointing  up  in  the  air,  though,  and  I  asked  myself  "Why 
do  we  want  spot  tights  around  the  house  that  point  up  in  the 
air?"  Then  it  dawned  on  me:  So  the  contest  operators  in  our 
guest  rooms  could  see  their  antennas  at  night  through  the 
skylights! 

I  went  along  with  the  guest-room  story  until  he  installed  the 
operating  tables,  intercom  units,  and  22Q*volt  wiring.  I  finally 
asked  him  where  the  guest  beds  were  going,  but  I  knew  all 
along,  reatfy. 

73:  Do  you  usually  have  lots  of  guests  around  here? 
Janice:  I  mean  how  many  guests  can  you  have  at  one  time? 
After  all,  we're  not  running  a  moteL  Now  that  I  think  of  itT  most 
of  our  guests  arrive  at  contest  time, 

73:  Have  you  met  any  of  the  other  wives  or  girt  friends  of  these 
contesters? 

Janice:  Well,  I  have  met  a  couple  of  wives.  That's  a  problem 
that  I'm  up  against.  The  wives  of  most  hams  that  I've  met  do 
not  like  the  hobby;  they  don't  like  the  people  associated  with 
the  hobby,  either. 

Most  wives  think  that  because  ham  radio  doesn't  bother 
me  and  that  Pm  happy  for  Ted,  that  there  is  something  wrong. 
They  look  at  me  like  I'm  on  their  <the  hams')  side.  That's  a  dif- 
ficult thing,  because  I  sometimes  don't  know  where  I  fit  in,  I 
have  felt  that  animosity  and  it's  no  fun. 
73:  What  do  you  think  the  problem  is?  Why  don't  wives  tike 
their  husbands'  hamming? 

Janice:  It  competes  with  them  for  their  husbands'  time.  We 
have  13  guys  here  this  weekend  who  are  not  at  home  with 
their  wives  and  families.  Ted  has  been  working  on  his  station 
every  night  for  the  past  two  weeks.  That  kind  of  commitment 
can  get  to  you. 

73:  But  it  hasn't  gotten  to  you? 

Janice:  If  I  were  the  type  of  person  who  got  upset  about  things 
like  that,  I  probably  wouldn't  have  married  Ted. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     21 


W2FV,  S.43M  points 

K10X,  7. 

BM  points 

K2UA,  6.94M  points 

Multi- 

Multi- 

Multi- 

Band 

QSOs 

pliers 

QSOs 

pliers 

QSOs 

pliers 

160m 

19 

14 

13 

11 

14 

12 

80m 

171 

72 

141 

67 

113 

63 

40m 

214 

73 

253 

82 

281 

68 

20m 

1525 

137 

1288 

140 

1100 

142 

15m 

1773 

141 

1603 

133 

1441 

127 

10m 

1300 

125 

1409 

120 

1365 

127 

Fig.  7.  Some  claimed  multi/multi  raw  scores  from  the  1981  ARRL  International  DX  Contest 


from  Friday  night  right 
through  Saturday  night,  I 
develop  a  massive  migraine 
headache  from  the  tension. 
I  feel  the  tension  and  ex- 
citement of  running  six  sta- 
tions, not  just  one.  I  never 
could  sit  down  and  actually 
operate  because  I'd  be  wor- 
rying about  all  the  prob- 
lems that  might  occur  in  the 
other  operating  positions.  I 
just  couldn't  give  my  full  at- 
tention to  what  I  was  doing. 

73:  You  do  seem  to  enjoy 


being  the  general  on  the  bat- 
tlefield, don't  you? 
Carnlin:  You  know,  it's  fun- 
ny you  should  mention 
that.  Have  you  noticed  the 
skylights  in  the  ceilings  of 
the  operating  rooms?  My 
wife  saw  me  looking  out  of 
one  the  other  day  and  told 
me  that  I  looked  like  Patton 
riding  in  a  tank,  I  had  never 
thought  of  that  before  but  it 
came  to  mind  again  when  I 
looked  out  behind  the 
house  at  the  heavy  artillery 
in  the  backyard,  all  those 


Aluminum,  copper,  and  blue  sky  over  KIOX. 


towers  and  antennas.  What 
a  trip! 

Well  soon  find  out  if  we 
can  win  with  it,  I  have  put 
together  the  best  facility  I 
could  and  I've  tried  to  get 
the  best  operators  avail- 
able. Now,  it's  up  to  them. 

73:  Do  you  have  trouble 
finding  operators  worthy  of 
the  station? 

Carnlin:  Well,  I've  got  to  be 
choosy,  and  1  import  ringers 
when  I  can.  I  try  to  recruit 
the  best  operators  I  know.  It 
takes  special  kinds  of  skills 
to  operate  different  bands, 
and  the  ones  necessary  on 
40  or  80  are  much  different 
from  those  needed  on  10  or 
20,  or  even  160.  Low-band 
contesting  demands  lots  of 
endurance.  It  really  can  get 
tedious  after  a  while. 

73;  So  staffing  is  a  problem? 
Carnlin:  Not  really.  Lots  of 
guys  want  to  operate  from  a 
big  multi/multi.  It's  the 
highest  category  and  de- 
mands a  tremendous  effort. 
But,  it  takes  a  special  kind 
of  operator  for  each  band, 
The  1 0-,  1 5-,  and  20-meter 
operators  have  to  be  able  to 
handle  those  high  morning 
rates,  to  be  able  to  pick 
calls  out  the  first  time  and 
ask  for  a  minimum  number 
of  repeats  to  run  them  as 
fast  as  possible.  Those 
early-morning  runs  to  Eu- 
rope and  Asia  are  wicked, 

73: 1  noticed  that  you've  got 
a  10-meter  operator  who 
speaks  Japanese. 
Carnlin:  Oh,  A1  W1FJ.  Yes, 
he  was  stationed  over  there 
at  one  point.  Those  JA  runs 
are  another  thing.  You  need 
someone  who  isn't  intimi- 
dated by  the  little  S2  mash 


of  Japanese  fellows  calling, 
all  running  5  and  10  Watts 
each,  It  kills  you  'cause 
you're  20  over  9  to  them 
and  they  are  barely  creak- 
ing through  the  noise.  It 
takes  guys  with  ears  and 
stamina  who  can  maintain 
concentration  and  handle  it 
for  hours  and  hours.  Speak- 
ing their  language  doesn't 
hurt,  either. 

73:  So  you  are  choosy? 
Carnlin:  Yes.  This  station  is 
only  as  good  as  the  opera- 
tors   behind    it,    and   these 
guys  are  great, 

73:  I'm  curious,  Ted,  What 
are  your  goals  in  contesting, 
both  short-  and  long-term? 
What  do  you  want  from  it? 
Gaffilin:  Obviously,  I  want 
to  win,  I  think  we  have  all 
the  artillery  here:  I  think 
we've  got  some  of  the  best 
operators  around,  the  facili- 
ty is  convenient,  and  the  in- 
ter-station interference  is 
down  to  nil,  I've  covered  a 
lot  of  ground  very  quickly 
and  now  I  want  to  win. 

73:  Fine,  but  in  terms  of 
competition,  are  you  look- 
ing at  domestic  stations  or 
are  you  looking  interna- 
tionally? 

Carnlin:  Internationally  is 
where  I  enjoy  competing 
but  there  are  some  situa- 
tions, like  NP4A  who  sits 
just  off  the  coast  and  racks 
up  some  outrageous  scores, 
that  are  tough  to  compete 
against.  He's  in  a  different 
situation  than  I  and,  in  a 
way,  a  different  league. 

73:  And,  domestically.  ,  .  ? 
Carnlin:  Domestically,  my 
goal  is  to  beat  everyone 
else  in  the  states.  A  guy  like 
W2PV  has  been  at  it  for 
years.  For  me  to  beat  him 
my  second  time  out  with 
this  station  would  be  a  phe- 
nomenal achievement. 
Whatever  happens  in  this 
contest,  I'm  sure  it  won't  be 
a  runaway.  If  he  beats  me 
this  time,  it's  gonna  be  a 
squeak-through  and  he 
knows  it 

At  9:00  pm  on  Saturday 
evening,  about  half-way 
through    the    contest    the 


22     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


running  scores  are  tabulat- 
ed. Since  each  operating 
position  at  K10X  keeps  a 
constantly-updated  multi- 
plier check  sheet  for  its  par- 
ticular band,  interim  scores 
are  always  available.  In 
addition,  each  operator 
keeps  track  of  a  "need  list 
for  bands  other  than  his 
own  and  arranges  skeds  for 
the  K10X  operation  on 
other  bands  with  as  many 
multiplier  stations  as  possi- 
ble An  intercom  system 
ties  all  the  operating  posi- 
tions together. 

Though  Ted's  big  multi/ 
multi  is  doing  well,  it  is  run- 
ning slightly  behind  its  chief 
rival,  W2PV  Ted  has  ar- 
ranged to  exchange  scores 
with  W2PV  via  a  two-meter 
repeater  and,  as  the  num- 
bers come  in,  it  becomes 
obvious  that  K10X  is  not 
performing  up  to  snuff  on 
10  and  15  meters.  Behind  in 
multipliers  (DX  countries), 
K1  OX  hopes  to  make  up  the 
deficit  in  Qs  (QSOs) 

73  Do  you  normally  ex- 
change scores  halfway 
through  contests? 
Camlin:  No,  this  is  the  first 
time  we've  been  linked  by 
the  repeater.  It  can  be  very 
helpful  in  picking  up  multi- 
pliers, but  not  enough  guys 
have  been  using  the  ma- 
chine to  its  full  advantage. 
We  should  be  hearing 
about  more  multipliers  on 
it  I'm  going  to  plunk  myself 
on  that  mother  through  the 
last  half,  I'll  tell  you  that 

73:    Would   you   rather  he 

ahead   or    behind   at    this 

point? 

Camlin:    Obviously,    I'd 

rather  be  ahead.  I  always 
want  to  be  ahead  This  is  on- 
ly our  second  time  out 
though,  and  while  we've  got 
most  of  the  bugs  out  it's 
still  a  matter  of  making  the 
operation  efficient,  flaw- 
less. The  station  which  has 
the  most  flawless  opera- 
tion, coupled,  of  course, 
with  the  propagation,  is  go- 
ing to  win 

73:  I  guess  /  was  thinking  in 
[erms  of  strategy  down  the 


What  a  multi/multi  needs  in  order  to  be  heard  in  the  world  of  big-time  contesting. 


st retch.  When  they  might 
tend  to  slack  off  due  to  fa- 
tigue, is  it  good  for  your 
guys  to  know  that  WIPV's 
numbers  were  a  little  better 
than  KWXs  so  that  they 
will  push  harder  in  the  last 
half? 

Camlin:  I  took  great  pains 
to  go  into  each  room  and 
show  these  guys  that  we  are 
behind,  so  there  is  some 
psychology  involved.  I 
hope  it  will  fire  them  up. 
73:  Of  course,  the  competi- 
tion reports  the  real  num- 
bers. .  .  you  don't  think  he's 
using  some  psych  of  his  own 
do  you? 


73:  How  about  strategy, 
Ted?  Do  you  have  a  scenar- 
io which  you  are  trying  to 
follow  during  this  contest? 
Camlin:  A  strategy  sheet 
would  be  important  in  a 
single-op  or  multi/single 
situation.  These  operators 
have  got  to  know  when  to 
change  bands  in  order  to 
follow  the  propagation.  In  a 
multi/multi,  we  are  on  all 
bands  at  all  times,  so  it 
isn't  a  matter  of  puzzling 
out  when  to  be  where.  Our 
key  is  to  monitor  the  prop- 
agation on  a  given  band 
and  get  a  jump  on  where 
to    have    the    antennas 


"In  every  contest. . .  i  develop  a  massive 
migraine  headache.  I  feet  the  pressure  of 
operating  six  stations,  not  just  one." 


Camlin:  No,  no.  He's  telling 
it  like  it  is.  There's  no  doubt 
in  my  mind 

73:  Where  is  the  difference 
in  scores  coming  from? 
Camlin:  10  and  15  are  the 
biggies,  We  have  had  prob- 
lems with  one  of  the  radios 
on  15  throughout  the  con- 
test which  have  hurt  us.  We 
would  be  doing  a  lot  better 
if  it  weren't  for  that. 


pointed  to  take  advantage 

of  shifts, 

73:  So  a  multi/multi  opera- 
tion is  simpler  in  terms  of 
strategy  than  a  multi/single 
or  single-operator  effort 
Camlin:  Well,  in  a  multi/ 
multi,  there  is  some  strate- 
gy to  consider,  but  my  quys 
are  chosen  for  their  operat- 
ing strengths  on  each  band 
For  instance,  Jeff  Briggs 


K1ZM,  who  is  on  20  meters, 
always  has  won  20  for  me  in 
the  past.  He's  just  a  great 
20-meter  operator  He's  ex- 
tremely aggressive,  one  of 
the  most  aggressive  of  the 
bunch,  though  I  have  some 
close  contenders.  I've  nick- 
named him  'Animal/' 

He's  great  at  holding  the 
frequency  and  driving  other 
stations  off  it  when  neces- 
sary. He  goes  48  hours 
straight  and  never  seems  to 
get  tired.  He  always  amazes 
me.  I  don't  know  how  he 
does  it  but,  I'll  tell  you  one 
thing,  I'm  sure  glad  he's  on 
my  team  and  he  better  re- 
main on  it  in  the  future. 

73:  About  the  future— any 
big  plans  for  KlOX? 
Camlin:  As  far  as  antennas. 
I  could  go  to  longer  booms, 
but  the  severe  weather  on 
this  hilltop  would  cause 
problems  and,  in  the  long 
run.  I  don't  think  it  would 
be  worth  the  grief. 

Right  now,  I  have  no 
plans.  Well,  maybe  a  sev- 
enth tower  will  go  up  or  an- 
other 40-meter  beam,  I'm 
not  sure.  I  really  can't  im- 
prove much  on  what  I've 
got,  I'm  kind  of  catching  my 
breath  financially,  too.  I'd 
like  to  get  some  carpets  on 
the    floor  — that    kind    of 


73  Magazine  •  October.  1981     23 


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thing.  In  grni'itil,  yot  every- 
thing I  already  have  work- 
ing right.  Oh,  yes,  and  finish 
these  blasted  intercom  sig- 
naling units 

73:  I  get  the  impression 
you're  going  to  stay  with 
contesting. 

Gamlin:  After  every  con- 
test, I'd  say  "Never  again  " 
But,  every  year  when  con- 
test time  rolled  around,  the 
fever  would  strike.  It's 
hopeless,  I  love  it. 
73:  Does  you  wife  have  the 
fever,  too? 

Gamlin;  Would  you  believe 
that  Janice  is  working  on 
her  Novice  ticket?  She  goes 
to  class  two  nights  a  week, 
73:  Really? 

Gamlin:  Oh,  yeah,  I  don't 
think  she'll  ever  be  an  avid 
contested  she's  much  too 
nice  for  that.  She  does  get  a 
kick  out  of  itr  though.  She 
loves  to  entertain  and  to 
feed  everybody  She  is  a 
very  special  lady,  Every  day 
I  realize  how  lucky  I  was  to 
have  stumbled  upon  her 


Ted  Gamlin  and  the 
K10X  machine  did  not  real- 
ize their  goal  of  winning  it 
all  the  second  time  out.  As 
the  raw  scores  accumulat 
ed  on  an  80-meter,  postmor- 
tem contest  net  (see  Fig.  1), 
it  became  obvious  that 
K10X  had  not  been  able  to 
regain  the  half-million  point 
deficit  it  had  amassed  early 
in  the  contest, 

Ted  Gamlin  was  stoic  in 
his  appraisal  of  the  out- 
come. He  simply  said. 
"Well  be  better  prepared 
next  year    ■ 

The  K10X  Crew 

150m  Ted  Gamlin  K10X 
80m  Fred  Hopengarten  K1VR 

Bob  Cunningham  K1XR 
40m  George  Briggs  K2DM 
20m  Jeff  Briggs  K1ZM 

Bruce  Rusch  W1HNZ 

Ken  Wolff  K1EA 
15m  Bill  Way  W1HD 

John  Lindholm  W1XX 
10m  Mark  Pride  K1RX 

Rex  Lint  K1  HI 

Richard  Newell  AK1 A 

At  Rousseau  W1 FJ 


mba  reader; 

a  name  you  should  know 


What  does  MBA  mean?  It  stands  for  Morse-Baudot  and  ASCII. 
What  does  the  MBA  Reader  do?  The  RO  model  (reader  only)  uses 
a  32  character  alphanumeric  vacuum  fluorescent  display  and 
takes  cw  or  tty  audio  from  a  receiver  or  tape  recorder  and  visually 
presents  it  on  the  display. 

The  copy  moves  from  right  to  left  across  the  screen,  much  like 
the  Times  Square  reader  board.  Is  the  AEA  model  MBA  Reader 
different  from  other  readers?  It  certainly  is!  It  is  the  first  to  give  the 
user  32  characters  of  copy  (without  a  CRT),  up  to  five  words  at  one 
time.  It  can  copy  cw  up  to  99  wpm  and  Baudot  at  60-67-75  and  1 00 
wpra  Speeds  in  the  ASCII  mode  are  110  and  hand  typed  300 
baud.  The  expanded  display  allows  easy  copy  even  during  high  speed  reception. 

The  AEA  model  MBA  has  an  exclusive  automatic  speed  tracking  feature  If  you  are  copying  a  signal  at 
3-5  wpm  and  tune  to  a  new  signal  at  90  wpm,  the  MBA  catches  the  increased  speed  without  loss  of  copy. 
The  M  BA  Reader  allows  a  visual  display  of  your  fist  and  i  mproves  your  code  proficiency.  It  is  compact 
in  size,  and  has  an  easily  read  vacuum  fluorescent  display. 

The  Reader  operates  from  an  external  12  VDC  source.  This  allows  for  portable/mobile  or  fixed 
operation. 

Check  the  AEA  model  MBA  Reader  at  your  favorite  dealer  and  see  all  the  features  in  this  new 
equipment.  If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  contact  ml    hh    m 

Advanced  Electronic  Applications,  Inc.  A  Ibi  A  Brings  you  the 

PO.  Box  2160.  Lynnwood.  WA  98036  Call  206/775-7373  nbH Breakthrough! 

Prices  and  specif  ications  subject  to  change  without  notice  or  obligation 


24     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


*2 


t* 


all  other  gear  gave  us  trouble . . . 


the  TEN-TECs  just  kept  working  great" 


1981-82 


Trans  Pacific  DX  Expedition 
used  TEN-TEC  OlVfNI-C  transceivers 


KINGMAN  REEF,  PALMYRA,  TOKELAU  — 
33,000  contacts  without  a  miss. 

As  George  Carleton  (AD0S  ex  KH5K)  said  in  a  letter  to 
TEN-TEC...  "12,100  QSO's  from  Kingman,  8100  for 
me,  3100  in  the  first  sitting  with  the  rig  on  a  continuous 
33  hours  except  for  2  minute  gas  breaks  ...all  other  gear 
gave  us  trouble  due  to  salt  spray  —  the  TEN-TECs  just 
kept  working  great 

"This  is  the  most  QSO's  ever  from  Kingman  and  all 
were  barefoot  A  few  times  generators  ran  out  of  gas  dur- 
ing rainstorms  with  rigs  operating  on  TX_ .  no  problem 
with  voltage  drop,  and  no  damage.  No  tuners  were 
used,.,  only  your  rigs  and  (antennas).  The  wind  blew 
continuously  from  20  knots  to  50-60  knots  and  we  liter- 
ally had  to  open  the  tent  to  let  the  rain  outf  salt  water  and 
spray  everywhere,  watches  quit,  keyers  and  linear  (other 
brands)  quit  after  the  first  QSO  -  arcing  due  to  salt  spray, 
but  the  TEN-TECs  never  even  got  warm  when  the  tent 
was  around  1  Q0°R 

";v#-.  American  gear  is  best" 

The  TEN-TEC  OMNI-Cs  went  on  to  serve  on  Palmyra 
and  Tokelau  with  equally  impressive  results  and  we  thank 
the  group  for  their  letters— we  couldn't  have  said  it  better. 

See  your  TEN-TEC  dealer 
for  the  great  All-American 
transceiver  —  TEN-TEC  OMNI-C 


The  spectacular  performance  of  the  TEN-TEC  OMNI-C 
results  from  these  fine  features: 

•  9  hf  bands  •  Total  solid  state— from  the  pioneer  •  Broadband— 
from  the  pioneer  •  3 -mode,  2 -range  offset  tuning— receiver,  transmit- 
ter or  transceiver  •  Optimised  receiver  sensitivity  *  Greater  dynamic 
range  •  Optimized  bandwidth— seven  response  curves— up  to  16 
poles  of  filtering  •  Notch  filter  *  Noise  blanker  •  "Hang"  age  for 
smoother  operation  •  Full  or  semi  break -in  (QSK)  *  WWV  reception 
on  10  MHz  band  •  Digital  readout  •  Separate  receive  antenna  input 

•  Automatically  switched  S/SWR  meter  •  200  warts  input  all  bands 

•  VOX  and  PTT  •Phone  patch  jacks  •  Zero -beat  switch  •  Adjustable 
volume  and  pitch  sidetone  *  Adjustable  threshold  ALC  •  Front  panel 
band  switch  also  controls  linear  or  antenna  •  Automatic  sideband  se- 
lection •  Super  audio  quality— less  than  2%  THD  *  Impeccable  sig- 
nal—exceeds FCC  requirements  •  High  stability— less  than  15  cycles 
change  per  degree  F  temp,  change  *  High  articulation  keying — set  to 
3  msec,  rise  and  decay  time  *  Compression  loaded  speaker  •  Plug-in 
circuit  boards  •  Operates  on  12-14  V  dc  mobile,  1 15/230  V  ac  with 
external  supply  •  Made  in  U.S. A.  by  pioneers  in  solid  state  amateur 
radio-TEN-TEC 


nan 


TEN -TEC  ,INC. 

SEVEERVILLE,  TENNESSEE  37862 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     25 


The  Kenwood 
TS-530S  HF  Transceiver 

sophisticated  performance 
at  a  not-so-sophisticated  price 


Paul  Grupp  KA1LR 
73  Magazine  Sf  a  if 


When  Kenwood  an- 
nounced that  the 
TS-520S  was  about  to  be 
discontinued  and  replaced 
with  a  new  model,  I  was 
somewhat  apprehensive. 
For  many  of  us,  the  vener- 
able 520  was  an  old  friend, 
a  perfect  example  of  what 


an  economical  transceiver 
should  be  — short  on  bells 
and  whistles,  but  long  on 
dependability  and  perfor- 
mance. Would  the  TS-530S 
be  a  worthy  replacement?  I 
had  to  find  out,  and  you 
just  might  be  interested  in 
what  I  discovered, 


Kenwood's  75-5305. 


For  those  who  are  not 
compulsive  ad  watchers, 
here  is  a  brief  description  of 
the  basic  features  of  the 
new  530-  As  expected,  all 
amateur  bands  (160-10  me- 
ters) are  included.  The  out- 
put stages  conform  to  the 
de  facto  industry  standard 
for  transceivers  with  tube 
finals  — two  6146Bs  and  a 
12BY7  driver.  Both  analog 
and  digital  frequency  read- 
out are  provided.  The  digi- 
tal readout  is  the  traditional 
Kenwood  blue  and  displays 
to  100  Hz;  the  analog  dial  is 
accurate  to  within  a  couple 
kHz.  Speech  processor, 
VOX,  semi-break-in  CW,  XiT 
(transmitter  incremental 
tuning),  and  full  metering 
are  all  standard  The  receiv- 
er section  boasts  a  noise 
blanker  with  a  variable  lev- 
el control,  fast  or  slow  age, 
an  rf  gain  control  and  at- 
tenuator, i-f  shift,  RIT,  and  a 
25-kHz  crystal  calibrator. 
Not  a  bad  inventory!  The 
manual  is  typical  of  those 
packed    with    recent    Ken- 


26     73  Magazine  •  October,  1961 


wood  equipment  — good 
operating  instructions  and 
enough  schematics  and 
block  diagrams  to  get  you 
into  trouble.  A  complete 
service  manual  is  also 
available. 

Our  530  arrived  in  per- 
fect working  order,  which  is 
somewhat  Unusual  for 
equipment  from  almost  any 
manufacturer  these  days. 
We  immediately  installed  it 
in  the  73  shack  alongside  its 
more  expensive  brother,  the 
TS-830S.  The  first  thing  that 
strikes  you  about  these  two 
rigs  is  their  similarity.  They 
are  built  on  exactly  the 
same  chassis  and  housed  in 
the  same  cabinet.  Even 
the  rear  panel  holes  are 
punched  in  the  same  place, 
so  the  530  has  a  few  empty 
spaces  where  the  830  has 
jacks. 

The  similarities  between 
the  530  and  the  830  are 
more  than  skin  deep,  how- 
ever They  share  identical 
final  sections,  power  sup- 
plies, vfo,  digital  readout, 
and  rf  boards.  Almost  all  ac- 
cessories are  completely  in- 
terchangeable, making  the 
530  a  logical  choice  for  a 
backup  rig  in  an  830- 
equipped  station.  More- 
over, most  of  these  acces- 
sories will  also  mate  with 
the  diminutive  TS-130S. 
Such  interchange  ability 
throughout  their  entire  line 
of  HF  transceivers  is  a 
thoughtful  step  which 
might  cost  Kenwood  a  few 
sales  of  accessories  to  own- 
ers of  two  or  more  of  their 
rigs.  It  will  pay  off  because 
Kenwood  will  earn  the  loy- 
alty of  customers  who  don't 
wish  to  replace  the  entire 
station  each  time  they  up- 
grade to  a  new  transceiver. 
Another  blow  against 
planned  obsolescence! 

The  530  is  not  quite  a  car- 
bon copy  of  the  830,  In  the 
bells-and-whistfes  depart- 
ment, it  has  an  audio  rather 
than  an  rf  speech  processor, 
and  it  lacks  the  transverter 
jacks,    VBT,    tone    control, 


notch  filter,  and  digital  hold 
switch  of  the  830.  On  the 
positive  side,  the  530  allows 
both  CW  and  SSB  filters  to 
be  switched  in  and  out  at 
will.  Its  big  brother  only  ac- 
cepts one  or  the  other.  Per- 
formance? Kenwood  rates 
the  530  receiver's  i-f  rejec- 
tion and  the  transmitter's 
sideband  suppression  each 
10  dB  worse  than  the  830, 
All  other  specifications  are 
the  same. 

How  important  these  dif- 
ferences are  depends  en- 
tirely on  individual  operat- 
ing habits  and  tastes.  Some 
may  miss  the  extra  features 
of  the  830  sorely,  but  others 
will  balk  at  spending  the  ap- 
proximately 125  dollars 
more  that  the  830  costs  to 
get  them.  One  thing's  for 
sure  — the  530  has  a  lot 
more  to  offer  than  the  520 
did! 

On  the  Air 

We  could  talk  about  fea- 
tures and  performance  until 
I  ran  out  of  paper  and  you 
ran  out  of  patience,  but  it 
would  all  be  meaningless  if 
the  radio  in  question  didn't 
J'play."  The  530  plays!  The 
530S  held  a  position  of 
honor  (front  and  center  on 
the  operating  desk)  for  its 
entire  stay  at  the  73 
Magazine  ham  station.  One 
of  the  things  that  makes  it 
so  successful  is  the  sensible 
layout  of  the  front  panel. 
Every  control  has  its  own 
knob  — there  are  no  concen- 
tric controls  to  fumble  with. 
If  you  adjust  the  carrier 
control,  you  don't  run  the 
risk  of  messing  up  the  set- 
ting of  the  mic  gain  control. 
Nor  will  you  go  through  an 
operating  session  where  the 
band  appears  to  be  dead, 
only  to  discover  that  you  in- 
advertently turned  down 
the  rf  gain  control  while  ad- 
justing the  volume!  This 
clean  front  panel  layout 
should  make  the  530  an  ex- 
cellent choice  for  a  contest 
station.  Our  test  was  in  the 
summer  activity  doldrums, 
so  the  only  contest  we 
could  run  it  in  was  the  Field 


Day  weekend.  The  QRM, 
pressure,  and  excitement 
were  all  there,  and  it  per- 
formed admirably. 

Receiver  audio  bears  the 
distinctive  Kenwood  trade- 
mark of  wide  frequency  re- 
sponse with  a  broad  mid- 
range  peak  for  added  pres- 
ence, with  or  without  a 
good  external  speaker. 
Hams  with  good  ears  who 
have  done  a  lot  of  listening 
to  different  transceivers 
could  probably  pick  out  the 
Kenwood  every  time  in  a 
blindfold  comparison  test. 

I  was  very  pleased  at  how 
easy  the  530  is  to  tune  up.  I 
generally  prefer  solid-state 
finals,  but  the  530  is  so  easy 
to  tune  that  I  didn't  mind  a 
bit  Complaints?  A  particu- 
larly rabid  CW  operator 
(AC9V/1)  felt  that  the 
500-Hz  filter  didn't  have 
enough  ultimate  rejection. 


On  the  other  hand,  it  is  well 
known  that  he  is  hopelessly 
attached  to  the  250-Hz 
filter  installed  in  his  S-line 
at  home! 

Conclusions 

What  constantly  sur- 
prised everyone  here  who 
used  the  530  is  how  well  it 
fares  in  comparison  to  Ken- 
wood's top-dollar  flagship, 
even  though  they  are  not 
necessarily  designed  to 
compete.  The  TS-520S 
would  not  compare  as  fa- 
vorably, even  though  a  digi- 
tal-readout-equipped ver- 
sion retailed  for  quite  a  bit 
more  than  the  530  does! 
Kenwood  has  a  worthy  suc- 
cessor for  the  venerable 
TS-520S,  a  successor  that 
has  a  lot  to  offer  at  a  rea- 
sonable price.  For  more  in- 
formation, contact  Trio- 
Kenwood  Communications, 
inc.,  777  7  West  Walnut 
Compton  CA  90220,  ■ 


Top  view  of  the  TS-53QS. 


Bottom  view  of  the  TS-530S. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     27 


Sam  Rappofd  W86ZYK 
PO  Box  4678 
ITS  Bricetand  Road 
Redway  CA  95560 


Folded  Unipole  for  160 

Top-banders,  take  notice! 
Here's  a  top-loaded  radiator 
with  the  government's  seal  of  approval 


The  more  you  consider 
and  study  antenna 
phenomena,  the  more  you 
become  fascinated  with  the 
flow  of  ideas  about  radia- 
tion devices  and  their  possi- 
bilities Here  is  just  one 
such  interesting  antenna 
type  along  with  its  develop- 
ment, which  occurred  step 
by  step  using  a  lot  of  pub- 
lished antenna  information 
and  much  on-the-air  discus- 
sion and  revelation. 

This  is  an  uncommon  but 
very  effective  antenna  type 
that  could  interest  most 
low-frequency   hams.   Zon- 


m 


fwf 


Fig,  1.  Basic  folded  vertical. 


ing  height  restrictions  are 
admittedly  something  else, 
though  this  antenna  idea 
works  well  at  even  a  35' 
height  restriction.  It  works 
somewhat  better  at  70'  to 
UO'  — and  even  to  200'  if 
you  can  arrange  it.  And, 
conveniently,  it  fits  most 
real  estate  situations.  So,  it 
isn't  necessary  to  miss  out 
on  the  fun  of  160-meter  op- 
eration because  you  don't 
have  room  for  a  full-sized 
horizontal  antenna. 

Now,  short  antennas 
have  been  proven  less  effi- 
cient than  full-size  resonant 
antennas  even  though  the 
former  often  provide  fair  to 
good  communications  on 
occasion.  The  top-loaded 
folded  unipole  (TLU)  is  a 
form  of  shortened  antenna 
that  is  constructed  by  fold- 
ing down  the  vertical  por- 
tion to  achieve  low  reso- 
nance (because  of  some 
height  limitation),  while  in* 
creasing    resistance    and 


FEEDER 
GUY 


LOADING 
GUT  (SI 


FEED 


Fig.  2.  Series  umbrella. 


Fig,  3,  Grounded  umbrella. 


bandwidth  and  retaining 
most  of  the  properties  and 
benefits  of  a  high  radiator 
(see  Fig.  1). 

Lots  of  hams  have  exist- 
ing towers,  poles,  trees,  or 
buildings  from  which  to 
hang  this  efficient,  effec- 
tive, broadband,  and  easy- 
to-use-and-adjust  antenna. 
And,  happily,  this  is  a  low- 
cost  way  of  getting  up  a 
really  good  low-band  radia- 
tor—a real  problem  for 
most  hams  on  city-size  lots; 
a  30'  to  50'  TV  push-up  mast 
works  well  in  this  configura- 
tion. 

The  TLU  is  just  one  of 
many  types  of  vertical  an- 
tennas. It  uses  top  feed  and 
loading,  which  gets  the  an* 
tenna  current  up  in  the  air 
where  it  belongs  for  maxi- 
mum radiation  efficient 
It  differs  from  the  series-fed 
vertical  (Fig.  2}  that  is  fed  at 
the  bottom,  and  is  coil- 
loaded  at  the  bottom,  cen- 
ter, or  top  The  TLU  is 
simitar  to  the  "umbrella" 
vertical  that  is  grounded 
(Fig  3),  then  fed  at  the  top 
via  the  sloping  guy  wires 
which  come  down  near  to 
the  ground  adding  length  to 
the  system  and  thus  lower- 
ing the  resonant  frequency 
while  simultaneously  feed- 
ing the  antenna.  This  TLU 
gives  considerably  higher 
impedance  to  the  antenna 
structure  than  does  the 
series-  or  gamma-fed   ver- 


tical (Fig,  4),  a  most  impor- 
tant consideration  The  TLU 
is  a  grounded  vertical  struc- 
ture (Fig  5)  that  is  simple, 
follows  the  basic  engineer- 
ing principle  that  simplest  is 
best,  and  easiest.  This  an- 
tenna is  remarkably  free  of 
bugs, 

This  article  covers  my  ap- 
plication   of    the    radiator 

designed  by  the  U.S,  Navy 
at  the  Corona,  California, 
antenna  range  for  ship  and 
shore  use.  Navy  Captain 
Paul  Lee  (ex-K6T5)  de- 
scribes the  principle  of  the 
antenna  type  in  his  book. 
Vertical  Antenna  Hand- 
book, pp,  28-31,  published 
byCQ, 

It  is  a  very  low-angle  and 

broadband  vertical.  Mine 
has  a  400-kHz  bandwidth 
and  I  have  worked  the 
world  with  it  on  160.  It  also 
performs  very  well  on  40 
and  80  at  a  70'  height.  On 
160,  this  vertical  (at  70') 
tunes  with  either  just  a 
series  variable  capacitor 
(when  the  resonant  frequen- 
cy of  the  entire  structure  is 
3/8-wave,  160'  to  200'  total) 
or  by  adding  a  coil  to 
ground  the  feedwire  with  a 
ceramic  rotary  switch, 
forming  an  L  network.  This 
may  be  necessary  with  vari- 
ous antenna  heights,  vol- 
umes, grounding  systems, 
etc.,  and  is  required  on  40 
and  80  to  resonate  the 
structure. 


28     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


r 


A  REVOLUTION  IN  CONVENIENCE 

DAIWA  announces  an  all-new  lineup  of  high-quality  amateur  radio  innovations. 


Cross-Needle  Meters 
CN-520  /  CN-540  /  CN-550 

DAIWA  cross-needle  precision  ts  now  avail- 
able in  a  compact  case  Gel  forward  power, 
reflected  power  and  SWR  readings  at  a 
single  glance  •  from  a  meter  that  fits  any- 
where' 


CN520  *  Frequency:  ■  8-60MHZ  •  Power  range: 
Forwa/d  20  -   Reflect  40  400  watts  •  Detection 

Sensitivity:  40  waits  minimum  •  Accuracy:  1Q°«  at 
full  scale  ■  Dimensions:  72 W  x  72H  x  95D  m  m 

CN540  -  Frequency  Range:  S0-15QM Hz  •  Power 

Range:  FcKwardi?G  200  watts,  Reflected 4  4Qwatls» 

Detection  Sensitivity;  4  watts  minimum  *  Accuracy: 

t0",j  at  full  scaJr  •  Dimensions:  same  as  CIM-520 

CN550  -  Frequency  Range:  144-25TJMHZ  ■  Power 
Range:  Forward  2i '  200  watts.  Reflected  4  40  wails  • 
Deteclion  Sensitivity:  4  watts  minimum  •Accuracy: 
■ii.'-     ii  'nil  .i    ii  ■*  Dimensions:  same  as  CN-520 

Active  Audio  Filter  AF-306 

By  eiectrofifeatly  filtering  unwanted  signals, 
the  AF-306  gives  you  clean,  distinguishable 
copy  Featuring  *is  own  internal  speaker, 
the  AF-306  Active  Audio  Fitter  is  easy  to  in- 
stall, easy  to  operate 


Input'  2  6v  |4v  rr   .        •  Output  power:  ^  wa'  3 

ohms  *  Distortion:  less  than  •  5  N  ralio:  better 

than  50dB  •  Low  Cut  Fitters:  JOOHj.  800Hz  IIOOHC* 
High  Cut  Filters:  t  iOQHz.  1600Hz.  25O0Hz 


UHF/VHF  Mobile  Antennas 

Premium  quality,  high-gain  design  Special 
ttit-over  feature  tor  added  convenience 


|  B5B  E.  Congress  Park  Drrve 
e  omnium  cations  Centerville.  Ohio  45459 
Ejcl  Agents  for  these  Datwa  produ 


Automatic  Antenna  Tuner 
CNA-2002 

Leading  the  way  in  convenience  is  the 
Daiwa  CNA-2002  2  5  kW  (PEP)  Automatic 
Antenna  Tuner  Cross- Needle  Metering  and 
optimum  matching  in  under  45  seconds 
make  it  the  perfect  compliment  to  any  state- 
of-the-art  amateur  station 


Frequency  range:  : '  JOMHz  including  WARC 
bands  »  Tuning  Tim*:  less  than  45  seconds  •  Power 
rating:  SSB- 2  5kW  PEP,  CW'IKV,  duty)  AM- 

500  watts.  RTTV  SST V  -  500  watts  •  Output  Imped- 
ance: 15-250  ohms  (unbalanced)  •  Dummy  Load: 
100  watts  1  minute  i installed)  *  Metering  Ranges: 
I  rward  power  -  20  200  2000  watts,  Reflected 
pi.)w*i  -  4  40  200  watts  SWR  -  1  I  -  infinity  *  Power 
requirements:  1 1  - 1 6vi  h  ,  jj  2QQma 

Manual  Antenna  Tuners 
CNW-518/CNW-418 

The  serious  amateur  wants  to  achieve  the 
best  antenna  match  possible,  That  $  why 
DAIWA  offers  two  manual  antenna  tuners 
that  maximize  power  transfer  -and  offer 
cross- needle  metering  as  well 


CNW-518  -  Frequency  range:  I  5  30MHz  inctuc 
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OA500  -  Gain-  2  7dB  at  1  -loMH*.  5.5dB  at 44QMHz  • 
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DA100  -  Gain:  4.  IdB  •  Length;  1 ,360m  m  •  M6MH* 

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Amateur  Radio  Innovations 


The  structural  basis  for 
this  TLU  vertical  is  a 
grounded  metal  towerp  tree, 
pole,  building,  or  wood 
tower  of  from  30'  to  200'  in 
height  for  the  160-meter 
band,  but  should  be  as  high 
as  possible  to  reduce  losses 
and  to  lower  radiated  wave 
angles  We  can't  always 
have  a  tower  of  optimum 
height  for  one  reason  or 
another,  but  a  most  effec- 
tive radiator  can  be 
achieved  with  this  TLU  prin- 
ciple 

Height,  tuning,  and  load- 
ing can  vary  considerably 
with  a  TLU  for  efficient,  ef- 
fective performance  and 
ease  of  adjustment.  This 
radiator  is  simply  a  big, 
grounded,  closed-loop,  sim- 
ilar to  any  folded  antenna, 
of  up  to  a  full  wavelength  in 
circumference,  much  like  a 
grounded  quad  or  triangle. 
The  sloping  (and  loading) 
feeder  and  top  guys  de- 
scend at  just  under  a  45° 
angle.  The  sloping  line  thus 
becomes  part  of  the  radiat- 
ing portion  of  the  antenna 
itself,  much  like  the  (higher- 
impedance)  "umbrella"  ver- 
tical that  is  fed  at  the  bot- 
tom (series  feed).  In  both 
cases,  the  top  guy(s)  bonded 
to  the  tower  top  increase 
the  radiator's  length  and 
lower  the  antenna's  reso- 
nant frequency. 

The  feedline  (and  any 
top-loading  guys)  descend 
to  guy  posts  (trees  or  other 
guy  anchors)  at  about  ten 
feet  above  ground.  Any  guy 
angle  higher  than  45°  in- 
troduces horizontal  compo- 
nents into  the  radiated 
signal  The  higher  angle 
may  better  suit  the  pur 
poses  of  those  hams  seek- 
ing higher-angle  coverage 
for  ctose-in  contacts  of 
under  about  1000  miles.  For 
serious  DX  work  (low-angle 
radiation)  a  te$s-than-45° 
angle  is  a  must.  Further,  the 
TLU  has  a  considerably 
higher  impedance  than  the 
series-fed  vertical.  Top- 
loading  guys,  long  used  by 
commercial    and    military 


UJW-Z  FEED 


m 


lQAUING  and 
FEEDING  GUYS 


Fig,  4.  Gamma  feed. 


stations,  raise  the  imped- 
ance to  over  50  Ohms,  a 
highly  important  and  desir- 
able factor.  Resonating  the 
antenna  of  course  increases 
radiation  efficiency  Q  of 
the  TLU  is  low— the  band- 
width is  about  200  kHz  with 
only  one  feeder-guy  With  4 
or  5  such  loading  guys, 
bandwidth  is  near  to  400 
kHz  on  160. 

The  vertical  portion  of 
the  antenna  (a  tower)  can 
be  simulated  by  hanging  a 
grounded  wire  from  any  of 
a  variety  of  structures 
(trees,  buildings,  etc.)  and 
the  feeder  wire  brought 
down  at  the  45°  angle.  A 
tower  with  beam  atop  sim- 
ply becomes  a  more  top- 
loaded  vertical,  the  beam(s) 
increasing  "top-hat"  capac- 
itance loading  and  further 
lowering  resonant  frequen- 
cy* All  this,  in  combination 
with  some  sort  of  ground 
system,  has  proven  to  be  a 
top  performer  on  all  three 
of  the  low  bands. 

Vertical  polarization  has 
consistently  proved  to  be 
optimum  over  the  years 
under  all  sorts  of  propaga- 
tion conditions  on  frequen- 
cies below  about  8  MHz  for 
more  than,  say,  about  3000 
miles  Any  horizontal  an- 
tenna on  160  meters  would 
have  to  be  about  130"  up 
(1/4-wave)  for  consistent,  ef- 
fective DX  work  beyond 
about  3000  miles.  This  is  ob- 
viously not  an  easy  height 
to  attain  in  urban  areas, 
consequently,  the  desirabil- 
ity and  need  to  go  vertical 
ly.  This  TLU  is  not  only  a 


-^ 


v  500 


* 


#500 


\ 


'  L 


TO  TOWER 


rfr 


frJ 


Fig.  5  High-2  umbrella  (top-loaded  folded  unipole,  or  TLU). 


top  performer  on  the  lower 
frequencies  but  is  a  very  un- 
complicated structure 

Inasmuch  as  the  high- 
current  portion  of  an  anten- 
na does  most  of  the  radiat- 
ing, get  current  up  at  the 
vertical's  top  In  the  TLU, 
the  drooping  and  radiating 
guys  do  this  current  raising 
well  even  when  the  vertical 
tower  is  not  very  high,  but, 
of  course,  the  higher  the 
better  (up  to  5/8-wave  high), 
A  top-loading  coil  in  a  coil- 
loaded  vertical  is  a  lossy 
device  and  acts  like  an  rf 
choke,  though  the  coil- 
loaded  and  series-fed  verti- 
cal can  be  very  effective 
within  its  narrow  bandwidth 
of  15  to  18  kHz  on  160 
meters. 

It  is,  of  course,  a  bit  of  a 
chore  to  have  to  run  out  in 
the  back  yard  to  adjust  the 
base-matcher  in  the  cold, 
wind,  rain,  sleet,  snow,  and 
maybe  trip  over  lawn  furni- 
ture, etc.,  or  fall  into  the 
swimming  pool  in  the  dark 
(160  being  a  nighttime 
band),  not  to  mention  mos- 
quitoes, stray  dogs,  etc. 
This,  to  me,  seems  to  be  the 
hard  way  to  QSY  beyond 
that  15  to  18  kHz  and  still 
keep  your  solid-state  finals 
happy  (low  swr).  Besides,  by 
the  time  all  this  has  hap- 
pened, any  DX  pileup  has 
gotten  bigger  and  deeper. 
Imagine  operating  in  a  con- 
test this  way,  all  over  the 
band  — all  night. 

This  TLU  is  a  real  conve- 
nience and  can  be  adjusted 
right    beside    you    in    the 


shack.  While  any  artificially 
loaded  antenna  is  a  com- 
promise, this  wire-loading 
using  folded-down  sloping 
and  radiating  guys  is  a  least- 
lossy  compromise.  This 
configuration  becomes  a 
sort  of  multiple-sloper,  and 
acts  as  a  2-element  driven 
array  with  maximum  radia- 
tion (and  some  gain)  along 
the  tower-to-guy  axis. 

These  guys  descend  to  a 
point  about  ten  feet  above 
ground  to  where  they  are 
secured  to  guy  posts,  trees, 
etc.  These  guys  are  bonded 
to  the  tower  top,  and  con- 
tinued  down  the  tower, 
bonded  to  the  tower  every 
few  feet,  down  to  ground 
level  to  be  bonded  into  the 
grounding  system  — fenc- 
ing, metal  well-casing,  etc. 
Connect  these  to  the  shack 
ground,  radials,  screen,  etc., 
to  complete  the  circuit  and 
minimize  losses  which  will 
make  the  system  more 
broadbanded,  These  guy 
wires  and/or  feeder  are  tied 
together  at  the  guy  posts' 
level  by  a  skirt  wire  which 
further  adds  capacity  to  the 
structure  and  feeds  directly 
into  a  matching  network. 
See  Fig.  5. 

I  feed  this  antenna  not 
from  a  gamma  match  de- 
vice at  the  tower  top  as 
recommended  by  the  de- 
velopers, but  from  the  skirt 
wire  as  it  passes  near  the 
shack  window  about  ten 
feet  above  ground  It  is  fed 
directly  using  an  swr  bridge 
through  a  series-variable 
capacitor   (about    500    pF) 


30     73  Magazine  *  October,  198 1 


Tribander 


The  Rugged,  Reliable  10v  15,  and  20-Meter 
Yagi  You've  Been  Waiting  for  Is  Now 
Available. 

This  exciting  new  tribander  sets  the  pace  for  dependable  performance 
with  its  two  in  one  trap  design  —  and  the  solid  construction  you  Ve  come  to 
expect  from  Hustler,  In  fact,  its  durable  design  is  partially  based  on 
concepts  used  in  the  time-tested  and  world-renowned  Hustler  4-Band  Trap 
Vertical, 

The  3-TBA  is  the  smallest  full-featured  tribander  available  today.  It 

offers  excellent  front  to  back  ratio  and  SWR  at  resonance.  Plus,  it  is 
engineered  to  provide  the  widest  possible  bandwidths  with  superior 
power  handling  capacity. 

A  special  heavy-duty  saddle  prevents  mechanical  distortion,  Althou^i 
light  enough  to  ship  UPS,  and  enable  use  of  smaller .  less  expensive  rotors, 
the  3-TBA  can  manage  windloads  up  to  100  MPH!  Its  turning  radius  is  only 
14  feet. 

All  in  all ,  you  can't  surpass  the  Hustler  3-TBA  for  top  trlband  quality:  Hustler 
—  still  the  standard  of  performance. 


For  more  information  on  this 


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radio  products,  contact: 


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Company 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     31 


with  three  500-pF  fixed 
capacitors  added  as  re- 
quired by  a  ceramic  rotary 
switch. 

All  this  has  raised  my 
signal  by  three  S  units  on 
local  and  long  DX  contacts. 
The  swr  bridge  is  grounded 
to  the  station  ground  sys- 
tem and  is  connected  by 
heavy  cable  to  the  ground- 
ed tower,  all  of  which  forms 
that  big  grounded  loop. 
Spacing  of  the  tuning  ca- 
pacitor plates  of  the  match- 
er  can  be  of  the  receiving 
type  for  power  up  to  200 
Watts  dc  input  The  higher 
impedance  of  the  antenna 
makes  it  more  flexible  and 
easier  to  adjust. 

The  grounding  system  of 
a  vertical  radiator  performs 
like  the  other  half  of  a 
balanced  antenna.  As  with 
most  vertical  radiators,  the 
ground  system  is  indispens- 
able in  balancing  the  system 
properly,  fully  grounding 
the  vertical,  and  increasing 
conductivity  of  the  soil  or 
ground  plane  as  much  as 
possible    to    reduce    losses 


AZ                      "\ 

I 

\o 

Fig.  6.  Radial  installation. 


I — 

— w 

* 

1 1 

i 

* 

1 — 

a 

I 

i 

■ 

* 

i 

l 

to 

*■ 

Fig.   7.  Ground  screen  and 
ground  rod  installation. 


\3r 


* 


and  to  bring  down  the  angle 
of  radiation.  The  grounding 
system  may  consist  of  only 
one  ground  rod,  particular- 
ly in  circumstances  where 
there  is  not  access  to  even  a 
tiny  patch  of  soil  ground, 
but  the  grounding  system 
should  be  as  extensive  as 
possible. 

The  first  step  in  establish- 
ing a  ground  system  is 
usually  to  install  one  or 
more  ground  rods,  then  add 
as  many  quarter-wave  radi- 
als  as  possible  to  the  tower, 
up  to  about  120.  Some  an- 
tenna experts  claim  that 
radials  do  not  have  to  be 
any  longer  than  the  physi- 
cal height  of  the  tower,  and 
do  not  necessarily  (and 
ideally)  need  to  be  laid  out 
symmetrically  similarly  to  a 
fan  or  uniformly-spoked 
wheel.  Also,  that  it  is  better 
in  the  case  of  a  less  than 
1/4-wave  vertical  to  haver 
say,  20  1/8-wave  radials 
than  to  have  10  1/4-wave 
radials, 

I  am  on  a  city  lot  50'  X 
100',  with  the  tower  in  the 
exact  center  of  the  lot.  I've 
"copper-plated"  the  entire 
lot  with  51  82'  radials  (0,1 5 A 
on  1 60)  spread  out  as  syrn- 
metrically  as  possible  and 
curved  around  clockwise  to 
fit  onto  my  lot  (Fig.  6)  Then, 
covering  the  entire  lot  is  a 
3'  mesh  ground  screen  laid 
down  over  the  buried  radi- 
als—under  the  house,  gard- 
en, and  unpaved  driveway! 
Oh,  what  a  job!  But  the  re- 
sults make  it  all  worthwhile 
to  the  striving,  resourceful, 
dedicated  ham. 

The  wires  become  invis- 
ible when  they  sink  down  in 
the  earth  from  the  original 
burial  depth  of  1"  to  2"  to 
more  than  6"  after  the  first 
rains  of  the  season.  All  of 
this    was    secured    to    the 


-~ 


17 


■  a 


19 


20 


Fig.  8.  System  bandwidth 


ground  by  14  ground  rods 
strategically  placed  {Fig,  7). 
Four  more  rods  were  put 
down  around  the  tower  ten 
feet  from  each  other  and 
from  the  tower.  Old  iron 
pipe  (4'  lengths)  will  be 
quite  adequate. 

To  extend  this  ground 
plane  as  much  as  possible 
within  my  circumstances,  I 
even  stapled  four  135' 
radials  to  the  side  of  my 
wood-frame  house  I  put 
them  just  a  few  inches 
above  where  the  cement 
foundation  joins  the  wood- 
en house  siding,  a  few  inch- 
es above  ground,  and 
spaced  them  about  2" 
apart  These  also  could  be 
put  up  under  the  house 
eaves.  The  idea  is  to  make 
that  ground  plane  as  exten- 
sive and  dense  as  possible. 
All  this  means  longer  DX 
paths  and  contacts  for  your 
signal.  The  rig  will  load  and 
perform  better,  too. 

There  are  those  experts 
who  claim  that  an  extensive 
ground  system  will  add 
nothing    to    the    receiving 

capabilities.  But  it  has  been 
my  experience  that  after 
the  ninth  radial  was  put 
down  I  suddenly  began 
hearing  DX  that  I  had  not 
been  able  to  hear  before 
and  that  DX  which  had 
been  regularly  heard  before 
became  clearer  (less 
"watery"),  more  distinct, 
and  stronger. 

Some  have  even  buried 
large  masses  of  metal  tike 
old  car  bodies,  copper  tubs, 
tubing,  pipe,  metal  mats, 
fencing,  etc.r  obtained  from 
a  junkyard.  And,  of  course, 
connect  to  your  lawn  sprink- 
ler system  (and  maybe  that 
of  an  obliging  neighbor), 
metal  water  pipes,  and 
fences,  I  have  worked  hams 
with  radials  laid  in  their 
swimming  pools  or  put 
down  a  well  casing  who  get 
top  results  even  though  the 
antenna  theorists  belittle 
such  ground  systems. 

Try  studying  your  situa- 
tion at  length,  be  adven- 
turesome and  imaginative, 
and  you  may  well  surprise 


and  delight  yourself  with 
the  results,  as  many  of  us 
old-timers  have.  So  in  spite 
of  what  the  experts  say 
about  grounding  systems, 
just  get  down  whatever 
metal  you  can  There  is  a 
great  deal  of  testimony  and 
evidence  about  the  validity 
of  these  grounding  ideas. 
Every  little  bit  of  buried 
metal  will  pay  off 

My  "loop"  is  approxi 
mately  3/8 k  wave  in  cir- 
cumference, tuning  fully 
with  only  a  series  capacitor 
of  1500  pF  total  For  larger 
or  smaller  "loops,"  an  L  net- 
work may  have  to  be 
formed  by  switching  in  a 
coil  from  feeder  wire  to 
ground  as  shown  in  Fig.  5, 

This  also  will  have  to  be 
done  on  40  and  80  meters  to 
resonate  the  TLU  to  those 

bands.  The  coil  should  be 
tappable,  mine  is  50  turns 
of  #16,  2"  diameter  X  5" 
long.  Or,  try  using  your 
commercial  tuner  of  what- 
ever type.  I  have  success- 
fully used  pi  and  parallel 
networks  as  well.  This  will 
give  a  1:1  swr  across  the  en- 
tire band.  With  my  feeder 
plus  four  top-loading  guys 
and  skirt  wire,  the  band- 
width is  excellent  as  shown 
in  Fig,  8. 

I  have  tried  various 
gamma-feed  systems  with 
this  TLU  with  only  fair 
results,  The  on-the-air 
reports  were  materially  in- 
creased {3  S-units)  both 
locally  and  on  far  DX  by 
feeding  the  skirt  wire  rather 
than  using  a  gamma-feed. 
The  bandwidth  becomes 
more  than  doubled  with  the 
same  structure,  which  gives 
still  better  overall  perform- 
ance. 

Even  though  an  antenna 
can  be  property  matched 
and  loaded,  that  antenna 
may  or  may  not  radiate  the 
rf  at  desired  angles  By  fold- 
ing down  and,  in  a  sense, 
diminishing  by  about  half 
the  vertical  structure,  this 
TLU  method  does  not  seem 
to  materially  degrade  low- 
angle  performance  of  a  ver- 
tical antenna    Further  data 


32     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


may  confirm  this. 

I  keep  large  maps  of  the 
northern  hemisphere  and  of 
the  great  circle  on  the 
shack  wall  beside  me,  and 
place  colored-headed 
dressmaker's  pins  on  the 
maps  when  contacts  are 
made  on  160  to  record  and 
check  performance  of  my 
radiated  signals.  Interest- 
ingly, it  became  very  evi- 
dent that  in  the  directions 
along  the  tower-to-radiating 
guy  axes  the  transmitted 
signal  is  maximum,  with 
various  diminished  reports 
from  between  those  axes. 
Consequently,  it  would  no 
doubt  be  a  more  uniform 
signal  pattern  if  up  to  12 
nearly  equally-spaced  top- 
radiating  guys  were  in- 
stalled in  order  to  better 
cover  the  entire  360°.  I 
have  yet  to  try  this. 

Utilizing  wood  towers, 
poles,  buildings,  trees,  etc. 
(Fig.  9),  from  which  to  hang 
a  TLU,  makes  for  an  unob- 
trusive antenna,  especially 
when  a  tree  is  used,  which 
larglv  hides  a  TLU.  This 
antenna  also  can  be  hung 
from  a  building  of  suitable 
height  or  between  buildings 
if  necessary,  This  TLU  has 
proved  over  the  years  by 
many  to  be  a  flexible  and 
most  worthwhile  antenna, 
and  its  only  limitations 
have  occurred  whenever 
the  band  is  not  open  (long 
skip)  to  my  area. 

It  is  an  effective  DX- 
getter  when  the  top  band  is 
open.  Further,  this  is  not  a 
noisy  receiving  antenna  as 
are  most  solely-vertical  an- 
tenna structures.  This  is 
probably  because  of  the 
40°  slanting  guys,  which 
pick  up  less  noise  (which 
generally  is  vertically  polar- 
ized, thus  readily  flooding 
into  a  vertical.) 

Whatever  remnants  of 
noise  do  get  picked  up  are 
cut  out  with  audio  filters 
plugged  into  the  output 
jack  of  the  transceiver.  So,  I 
am  hardly  even  aware  of 
QRN.  (See  my  article  in  73 
Magazine  for  February, 
1980.)  Besides,  I  like  to  use 


this  TLU  structure  for 
receiving  because  there  is 
900'  of  wire  and  metal  sur- 
face up  there  in  the  air 
which  seems  to  capture 
more  wave-front  energy 
than  do  the  low  receiving 
antennas  of  several  types  in 
use  here.  QSB  does  not 
seem  to  be  as  critical, 
either,  as  when  using  those 
low  receiving  antennas,  per- 
haps also  for  the  same  rea- 
son (sloping  feeder  and 
guys). 

In    considering    antenna 

performance  in  the  case  of 
160  meters,  there  is  the 
tendency  to  pass  judg- 
ment quickly  after  only  a 
short  trial,  giving  a  false  or 
incomplete  impression  of 
actual  performance  poten- 
tial, particularly  *under 
"closed"  band  conditions, 
and  not  being  mindful  of 
the  variations  — highs  and 
lows  of  propagation  condi- 
tions Receiving  and  radiat- 
ing phenomena  should  be 
observed  over  a  sufficient 
period  — a  week  or  month  — 
to  allow  for  the  inevitable 
change  in  propagation 

At  times  I  have  wondered 
if  any  of  my  rf  was  going 
anywhere,  but  because  I 
waited  to  make  structural 
changes  for  some  reason 
(weather,  no  time,  or  being 
just  lazy),  propagation  con* 
ditions  would  change,  the 
160  band  would  suddenly 
open,  long-skip  DX  would 
come  roaring  in  as  occa- 
sionally happens  on  160, 
and  my  calls  were  answered 
with  big  signal  reports.  The 


TELEVISION 


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antenna  woufd  thus  be  vin- 
dicated and  saved  from  un- 
warranted changes. 

So,  do  yourself  a  big 
favor  and  be  slow  of  anten- 
na judgment  on  160,  a  band 
of  continual  amazement, 
confoundment,  and  strong 
personal  reactions.  And 
another  thing:  On  160, 
those  "openings"  can  be 
greatly  selective,  occurring 
only  in  some  areas  of  any 
given  state  or  region.  There 


is  also  the  "pipeline"  phe- 
nomenon to  be  considered 
After  more  than  50  years 
of  ham  radio  and  watching 
variations  of  band  condi- 
tions on  160,  it  becomes  ap- 
parent that  conditions  vary 
very  widely  even  during  a 
single  hour  of  nighttime 
consideration,  This  type  of 
grounded  antenna  (TLU) 
has  been  a  fine  if  not  out- 
standing performer,  and  is 
well  worth  trying. 


TREE  OH 
POLE 


Fig.  9.  Simulation  of  a  metal  tower. 


See  List  of  Acfv&rtis&rs  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     33 


WILSON  SYSTEMS  TOWERS 


-  FACTORY  DIRECT  - 


FACTOftY  DIRECT 

1174 


ST-77B 
Features: 

Max.  Height:  77' 
Min.  Height;  24' 
Weight:  700  lbs. 
Winch:  1500  lbs. 
Cable:  6400  Jbs. 
Requires  RB-77B  Er 
will  be  totally 
freestanding 

Recommended 
Rotor:  High  Gain 
Roto -Brake 


I't&r 


16' 


YOQ 


FACTORY  DIRFCT 

409 


-3  5*0  D 


16 


16' 


S_ 


6"O.0. 


MT-61B 
Features: 

Max.  Height:,  6V 
Min.  Height:  23' 
Weight:  450  lbs. 
Winch:  1200  lbs. 
Cable  4200  tbs 
No  Guvs  required 
when  mounting 
against  house. 

For  completely 
freestanding  in- 
stallation, use 
RB-61Bor 

FB-61B  below.  , 

1 


h 


t6 


6*'  O-D. 


.0 


*■ 


TT45B 
Features: 

Max  Height:  45' 
Ivlin.  Height:  22' 
Weight:  250  lbs, 
Winch;  1200  lbs. 
Cable:  4200  lbs. 

No  Guys  required 
wtien  mounting 
against  eve  of 
house 

For  completely 
freestanding 
installation,  use 
RrMoB  ot  FB-45B 
below. 


roo 


16 


SS'O.D 


4400 


^o' 


m  v 


ML^T 


20 


WIND  LOADING 
Towe*     Height    Sq   Ft 


ST  778 


MT61B 


TT45B 


Hi 


*  * 


37 


fl* 


■ 


6 


■: 


12 


Square 

Footage 

Based  on 

BGrvlPH 

Wind 


l 

BASE  CHART 

TOWER 

WIDTH 

OEPTH 

TT4SB 

12*kT2* 

3C 

FB45S 

30' kX* 

4**3 

R845G 

3O-t30* 

4&' 

MTT^IB 

18_  •  18* 

4' 

FB-61B 

3*  *T 

5V 

R»«18 
ST-77B 

3'i3' 

5% 

^ee  BflQw 

Basbs 

RS770 

3»' *3K' 

fi 

P0 


Wilson  Sv!ttt*ms  uses  a  high  strength  carbon  *tetil  lube  manufactured  especially  for  Wilson  Systems,  It  is 
25%  stronger  than  conventional  pipe.  The  tuning  site  used  15  2"  Ef  3%**  -.095,  4  V  &  6"  -,  8"  -.134. 
All  tubing  is  cold  dip  gah/am/etf .  Top  section  ts  2"  OO    for  proper  rofor  arid  antenna  mounting. 

The  TT-45B  and  MT-61B  come  complete  with  house  bracket  and  hinged  base  plate  for  agamst-house 
mounting.  For  totally  freestanding  installation ,  use  either  of  the  tilt -over  bases  shown  below. 

The  ST-77B  cannot  be  mounted  against  the  house  and  must  be  used  with  the  rotating  tilt-over  base 
RB-77B  shown  below 


TILT -OVER  BASES  FOR  TOWERS 


FIXED  BASE 

The  FB  Series  was  designed  to 
provide  an  economical  method  of 
moving  the  tower  away  from  the 
house  It  will  support  the  tower  in 
a  completely  free -5 landing  vertical 
position,  while  also  having  rhe 
capabilities  ol  tilting  the  lower 
over  to  provide  an  easy  access  to 
the  antenna  The  rotor  mounts  at 
the  top  of  the  tower  m  the  con- 
ventional manner,  and  will  not  ro- 
tate   the    complete    tower. 

112llw...l20995 
1 69  lbs .. .  529995 


FB45B . 
FB-61B 


I 


ORDER 
FACTORY  DIRECT 
1-800-634-6898 


ROTATING  BASE 

The    RB    Series   was   dHsrgnpd   fo* 
the  Amateur  who  wants  the  add 
ed   convenience    of    being  able   to 
work     on      th*»     rotor     from     the 
ground    position     This    series    or 
bases  will  give  that  ease  plus  ro 
tate    the  complete  tower  and  an- 
tenna   system    bv     the    use    of    B 
hravy  duty   thrust   bearing  at   tl 
base  of  the  tower  mounting  posi- 
tion, while  still  being  able  to  tilt 
the    tower    ouer   when  desirmn  to 
make     changes     on     Trip    antenna 
system, 

144lb....s289« 

229  lbs. . .  s379  ' 
300lbs...!569rt 


RB45B 
RB61B 
RB-77B 


Pncvi  Effective  9-1-31  thru  9  30  81 
Specifications  Subject  10  Change  Without  Not 


« 


W  S   I 


Tilting  the  tower  over  is  i 
nne-man  vj%k  wjth  the  Wil- 
son bases,  {Shown  abuv»»  i% 
the  RB  61 B  Rotor  is  not 
included  \ 


WILSON 

SYSTEMS,  INC. 


4?86  S    P(ii*-^A-F      La  V*qJY    H+v+tU  S910J 


WILSON  SYSTEMS  INC.  MULTI-BAND  ANTENNAS 

H   SYSTEM  36    H 


*"    ■ 


-  IN  STOCK  - 


A  trap  loaded  antenna  that  performs  like  a  monobander! 
element  three  band  beam.  Through  the  use  of  wide  spacing  an.d 
ing  is  possible:  three  active  elements  on  20,  three  active  eleme 
on  10  meters.  No  need  to  run  separate  coax  feed  lines  for  each 
matically  made  via  the  High-Q  Wilson  traps.  Designed  to  ban 
traps  are  capped  at  each  end  to  provide  a  weather-proof  seal 
High-Q  traps  are  the  strongest  available  in  the  industry  today. 

■  SPECIFICATIONS  


■ 


That's  the  characteristic  of  this  six 
interlacing  of  elements,  the  follow- 
nts  on  15  and  four  active  elements 
band,  as  the  bandswitching  is  auto- 
dle  the  maximum  legal  power,  the 
against  rain  and  dust.  The  special 


Band  MH-         .... 
MoxiTium  power  input 
Gam  (dBrU        .  .   . 
VSWR  ^  rtvjririncp 
ImM^dilnCR  .    -    . 
F/0  Ratio  .   -  - 


Legal  Limit 
UP  to  9  <JB 

1.3   1 
50  (>MrT> 

20  dE  or  better 


Boom  (O.D.  x  Length  J.., 

No,  of  Elements . 
Loogesi  Element 
Turning  Radius 
Maximum  m^si  diameter 
Suriacii  ?aroa 


2"  *  24'  2&' 

28'  ?/-r 

1S6'" 

2" 

6.6  so  ft. 


Wmd  Loading  0?1  80  mph  .  . 
Maximum  wind  survival  .  . 
Feed  met  hot  I 

Assembled  weight  (appro*) 
Snipping  yyei-ght  (appro** 


215  lbs. 

100  mph 
Coaxial  Balun 
(supphedl 
53  lbs. 
62.1'btf 


ADD  40  OR  30  METERS  TO  YOUR 
TRI-BAND  WITH  THE  NEW  33-6  MK 

-  IN  STOCK  - 

Now  you  can  have  the  capabilities  of  40-meter  or  30  meter  operation  on  the  System 
36  and  System  33.  Using  the  same  type  high  quality  traps,  the  new  addition  will 
offer  200  HKZ  of  bandwidth  at  less  than  2:1  SWFL  The  new  33-6  MK  will  fit  your 
present  SY36  or  SY33,  and  using  the  same  single  feed  line. 


or 


"-N^ 


SYSTEM  33 


-  IN  STOCK  - 


Capable  of  handling  the  Legal  Limit,  the  "SYSTEM  33"  is  the  finest  compact  tri-bander  avail- 
able to  tht?  aniat^Uf.  Designed  and  produced  by  one  of  the  world's  largest  antenna  manufacturers, 
the  traditional  quality  of  workmanship  and  materials  excells  with  the  'SYSTEM  33".  New  boom- 
to-element  mount  consists  of  two  1/8"  thick  formed  aluminum  plates  that  will  provide  more 
clamping  and  holding  strength  to  prevent  element  misalignment,  Superior  clamping  power  is  ob- 
tained with  the  use  of  a  rugged  1/4"  thick  aluminum  plate  for  boom  to  mast  mounting.  The  use  of 
large  diameter  High-Q  traps  in  the  "SYSTEM  33"  makes  it  a  high  performing  tri-bander  and  at  a 
very  economical  price.  A  complete  step-by -step  illustrated  instruction  manual  guides  you  to  easy 
assembly  and  the  lightweight  antenna  makes  installation  of  the  "SYSTEM  33"  quick  and  simple. 

^ ^^^^— ^^^^—  SPECIFICATIONS  ^  


Biintl  MH/ 

WI^KiiTHirr*  i>OWi;r    <npu1 

G;mi  itihti] 

VSWR  he  resonance 

I  m  pec  Jan  l^1 
PiU  P,iti'-« 


H -2 1-28 
L£gt|  Limit 
Up  to  3  dB 

1:3  1 

50  ohms 

20  dS  or  bertei 


Gotwn  (O.D.  x  length]    . 
Wo    of  elements 
Longest  fctfcfn'e*»t 

Turnkig  radius 
Maximum  mast  d  lam  girt 
Sui-faci*  Ursa  .  .... 

WILSON 

S  YS  TEMS,  INC. 

4286  S   Pulans  Ave  .  Las  Veqas,  ftjp*art»  89103 
P-  .  i"   i-ui  *(n?t  Jicu"  <:■'.  iutj|*rc.t  to  CiLn-.if  w  O'.aut  not"  B 


2"  x  WA' 

3 

27'4" 
15'9J' 
2"  O.D 
5  1  sci.  ft 


Wind  loading  at  SO  rriph       ...  1  14  Ins. 
Assembled  weight  lapprox)         37  lbs. 
Shipping  weight  lap p rax)    -  .  .  42  lbs. 

Direct  52  ohm  feed       no  balun  required 
Maximum  wind  survival       .   .   ,  lOGmpft 


ORDER 

FACTORY  DIRECT 
1-800-634-6898 


r  i 


i 


■\ 


WV-1A 

4  BAND 
TRAP  VERTICAL 
(10  -40  METERS) 

No  bandswitching 
necessary  with  this 
vertical.  An  excellent 
low  cost  DX  antenna 
with  an  electrical  quarter 
wavelength  on  each  band 
and  low  angle  radiation. 
Advanced  design 
provides  low  SWR  and 
exceptionally  flat 
response  across  the  full 
width  of  each  band. 

Featured  is  the  Wilson 
large  diameter  High-Q 
traps  which  will  maintain 
resonant  points  with 
varying  temperatures  and 
humidity. 

Easily  assembled,  the 
WV-1 A  is  supplied  with 
a  hot  dipped  galvanized 
base  mount  bracket 
to  attach  to  vent  pipe  or 
to  a  mast  driven  in  the 
ground. 

Note: 

Radials  are  required  for 

peak  operation. 

(See  GR-1  below) 


t    : 


. 


i 


SPECIFICATIONS 

•  19'  total  height 

•  Self  supporting  —  no  guys 
required 

•  Weight  —  14  lbs. 

■  Input  impedance:  50  ^ 

•  PowernandHng  capability: 
Legal  Limit 

■  Two  High-Q  traps  with  large 
diameter  coils 

•  Low  angle  radiation 

•  Omnidirectional 
performance 

•  Taper  swaged  aluminum 
tubing 

•  Automatic  bandswitching 

•  Mast  bracket  furnished 

•  SWR:  11:1  or  lesson  all 
bands 


GR-1 


The  GR-1  is  the  complete 
ground  radial  kit  for  the  WV- 
1A.  it  consists  of:  150'  of  7/14 
stranded  aluminum  wire      and 

heavy  duty  egg  insulators,  in- 
structions. The  GR-1  will  in- 
crease the  efficiency  of  the 
GR-1  by  providing  the  correct 
counterpoise. 


Robert  a   Grove  WA4PYQ 
Grove  Enterprises,  Jnc 
Rt  I  Box  156 
Srawfown  NC  28902 


The  VIZ  WD-747 
Digital  Multimeter 

low  cost  plus  high  performance  equals  success 


Although  the  name  VIZ 
may  seem  to  many 
readers  a  rather  recent  ad- 
dition to  the  list  of  manu- 
facturers of  test  equipment, 
it  is  not  For  many  years, 
this  company  maintained  a 
low  profile  as  a  test  equip- 
ment contractor  for  RCA. 
Now  on  their  own,  VIZ  has 
announced  a  complete  line 
of  low-cost,  technician-ori- 
ented test  instruments. 

The  new  WD-747  digital 
multimeter  is  an  example. 


An  innovative  feature  is  the 
inclusion  of  a  transistor  hfe 
(Beta)  tester.  The  DMM  is 
housed  in  a  rugged,  bright 
orange  Cycolac™  case.  It 
is  intended  for  one-hand 
operation,  equipped  with  a 
line  of  squeeze  buttons 
along  the  side,  much  like 
the  popular  Fluke  instru 
ments.  The  large  (half-inch), 
3  Vi  -digit  LCD  exhibits  out- 
standing contrast,  even  in 
dim  light  Settling-down 
time  on  all  ranges  is  quite 
rapid. 


*  YOU  ASKED  FOR  IT  • 

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PLUSoptSom  — 

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■  Microprocawof  control 

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144*220  S1645, 

MARK  3-C  CONTROLLED  $1095 


Call  or  write  for  tpoctfleatlont 

MICRO  CONTROL  SPECIALITIES    (61 7)  372-3442 
23  Elm  Park,  flrowland,  Ma.  01 S34 


^49 


The  circuit  is  built 
around  the  ubiquitous  In- 
tersil ICL7106  chip,  and  fea- 
tures auto  polarity  and  auto 
decimal  (not  autoranging, 
however).  Power  is  derived 
from  an  internal  9-volt  bat- 
tery (supplied)  or  from  an 
external  ac  adapter  (option- 
al). 

Dc  current  consumption 
is  very  low  — only  15  mW  — 
and  200  hours  of  con- 
tinuous operation  may  be 
expected  from  a  conven- 
tional zinc-carbon  battery. 
Even  longer  life  should  be 
forthcoming  from  an  alka- 
line replacement. 

Sampling  rate  under  test 
conditions  is  2  5  times  per 
second.  If  an  overload  con- 
dition appears  at  the  termi- 
nals, all  digits  blank  except 
an  initial  "1 "  and  the 
decimal  point, 

Direct  current  voltages 
may  be  selected  from  the 
following  ranges:  200  mV,  2 
Vp20  V,  200  V,  and  1000  V 
Accuracy  is  ±0,8%  plus 
one  digit  Full  overload  pro- 
tection is  present  on  all 
ranges,  and  input  resistance 
is  100  megohms. 

Alternating  current 
ranges  of  200  V  and  1000  V, 
each  with  a  resolution  of 
0,1  %  and  accuracy  to  1 ,2% 
of  reading  +  10  digits,  is 
claimed  (40-500  Hz),  Full 
overload  protection  is  also 
provided  on  this  scale,  and 
input  impedance  is  5  meg- 
ohms. 

Five  resistance  ranges  — 
200,  2k,  20k,  200k,  and  2M- 
feature  resolution  to  0.05% 


and  accuracy  to  ±1%  of 
the  reading  plus  2  digits. 
Current  across  the  resistive 
circuit  under  test  is  ex- 
tremely small  (a  fraction  of 
a  milliampere  on  most 
ranges),  with  open-circuit 
voltage  less  than  one  volt 
(except  2  J  volts  on 
200-Ohm  scale) 

Direct  current  measure- 
ments are  also  divided  into 
five  ranges.  200  uA,  2  mA, 
20  mA,  200  mA,  and  10  A. 
Resolution  is  0  1  %  and  ac- 
curacy is  ±  1  2%  of  reading 
plus  two  digits.  The  current 
scale  is  fuse-protected  from 
accidental  voltage  applica- 
tions, and  a  spare  fuse  is  in- 
cluded- 

Either  PNP  or  NPN  tran- 
sistors may  be  measured  for 
current  gain  (hfe)  static  for- 
ward current  transfer  ratio. 
Direct  readout  is  provided 
on  the  digital  display 

Three  distinct  features  of 
the  VIZ  WD-747  made  the 
greatest  impression  to  this 
reviewer:  the  crisp,  con- 
trasty  LCD  display,  the 
rapid  settling  time  on  all 
ranges,  and  the  wide  selec- 
tion  of  measurement 
ranges,  all  neatly  grouped 
and  color-coded  for  rapid, 
goof-proof  selection. 

At  $89.95  suggested  re- 
tail, the  VIZ  WD-747  is  a  se- 
rious contender  in  the  field 
of  low-cost,  high-perfor- 
mance test  instruments.  For 
more  information,  contact 
VIZ  Manufacturing  Co.,  335 
E.  Price  5t,  Philadelphia  PA 
19144.  Reader  Service 
number  486.B 


36     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


WE  SHIP  WORLDWIDE 


WORLD  WIDE  AMATEUR  RADIO  SINCE  1950 


^305 


Your  one  source  for  all  Radio  Equipment! 


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FT-707,  FT-720RU,  FT-720RVH 

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Amateur  Radio  Courses  Given  On  Our  Premises 

Export  Orders  Shipped  Immediately. 


See  List  of  Adwrttsers  on  page  t30 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     37 


HUS 

HF  MOBILES 
DELIVER 

FIXED  STATION 
PERFORMANCE 


Hustler  HF  antennas  driver 
oufsfanding  signal  reports  — 
wherever  you're  mobil el 

Design  your  own  KF  mobile 
from  a  full  selection  of  top- 
quality;  U.S. -made  stainless 
steel  ball  mounts,  quick  dis- 
connects, masts,  springs,  and 
resonators.  You  con  cover  any 
6-fc>90-meter  band.  Choose 
from  medium  or  Ngh  power 
resonators  with  broadest 
bandwidth  and  lowest  SWR  far 
optimum  performance  on  any 
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3E     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Don  Weyef  WA3FUV 
806  Wyoming  Ave. 
Erie  PA  16505 


The  Winning 

days  in  the  life  of  a  contester 


The  contester  is  one  of 
ham  radio's  most  in- 
triguing characters.  For  the 
better  part  of  the  year,  he 
mostly  lies  dormant,  occa- 
sioning a  few  club  meetings 
and  every  once  in  a  long 
while  idly  tuning  the  bands. 
looking  for  some  hint  of 
lost  excitement. 

The  contest  weekend 
hits.  The  resultant  flurry  of 
activity  is  of  such  a  con- 
trasting nature  to  his  nor- 
mal laconic  presence  that 
a  casual  observer  would 
probably  write  the  contest- 
er off  as  some  sort  of 
weirdo. 

I've  been  what  I  thought 
was  a  contester  for  the  past 
two  yearsr  only  to  learn  — 
by  way  of  a  meeting  with 
the  Potomac  Valley  Radio 
Club,  almost  ali  the  mem- 
bers  of  which  are  contest 
fanatics  — that  I  was  a  mere 
piker.  Shortly  thereafter, 
my  curiosity  became 
aroused  and  I  decided  to 
investigate  the  experience 
of  dedicated  contesting. 

'"Experience"  somehow 
falls  short  of  expressing 
what  actually  happened. 
When  you  enter  a  contest 
for  the  purpose  of  winning, 
you  have  to  assume  a  new 
being  You  have  to  become 
. .    The  Contester]  Da-dum! 


The  Contester,  as  such,  gets 
Psyched  Up  for  each  and 
every  point  in  each  and 
every  contest.  Hypnotism  is 
preferable,  but  a  mite  ex- 
pensive. Zen  is  cheaper,  but 
very  deep  and,  as  a  result, 
more  than  a  trifle  difficult. 
So,  the  Contester  usually 
musters  the  old  standby*: 
power  of  concentration  and 
physical  conditioning. 

Taking  this  in  the  literal 
sense,  I  decided  that  for  the 
contest  I  chose,  I  was  going 
to  be  Psyched  Up  and  In 
Shape.  What  followed  was 
a  rigorous  schedule  of  fit- 
ness-engineering designed 
to  impress  Muhammed  Ali. 
For  a  month  prior  to  the 
contest,  it  was  up  every 
morning  at  five,  run  several 
miles,  eat  a  big  breakfast, 
work  out  in  the  gym,  rest, 
and  lunch  around  noon. 

In  the  afternoon,  it  was  a 
daily  session  of  meditation, 
mentally  chanting  the  man- 
tra. WIN.  .  WIINN.  .. 
WIIINNN'  Later  in  the  day, 
more  working  out  and 
speech  lessons  (for  the 
phone  portion).  Dinner  was 
followed  by  CW  work  opti- 
mistically designed  to  im- 
prove my  code  speed  to  40 
wpnr  By  the  end  of  the 
month  I  was  a  physical 
marvel  Well  almost, 


The  mental  portion  of  my 
training,  including  the  med- 
itation, wasn't  quite  as 
easy,  As  I  have  mentioned,  I 
would  engage  in  my  medi- 
tative session  right  after 
lunch  Aside  from  an  occa- 
sional burp,  there  shouldn't 
have  been  much  to  distract 
my  attention  (especially 
with  such  an  absorbing 
mantra).  But,  alas,  I  was  to 
be  foiled  (for  a  while)  in 
terms  of  one  of  the  most 
crucial  aspects  of  contest- 
ing: power  of  concentra- 
tion. 

Now,  don't  get  me 
wrong.  Contesters  are  very 
dedicated  people,  but  most 
have  one  major  flaw  — 
they're  dreamers.  If  they 
aren't  dreaming  about  how 
nice  that  plaque  would 
look  just  above  the  home- 
brew 4-1000,  then  they're 
dreaming  about  getting 
new  and  better  equipment 

These  comments  are  typ- 
ical of  what  one  might  ex- 
pect to  hear  at  a  contest- 
oriented  club  meeting: 
"Get  an  automatic  CW  ma- 
chine, boy.  You'll  work  'em 
faster  and  log  'em  easier, 
And  while  you're  at  it,  get 
yourself  a  new  speech  pro- 
cessor. Ya  need  more 
punch,  You'll  cause  more 
excitement  get  more  con- 


tacts,   and    make    more 
points!" 

Ah,  yes,  I  remember  it 
well.  My  mind  was  wander- 
ing terribly  during  those 
first  few  meditation  ses- 
sions. I  was  constantly 
dreaming  of  mortgaging  the 
house  so  I  could  get  a  sur- 
plus 350-foot  tower  topped 
by  5-element  monobanders 
for  40  through  10  meters 
{only  4  elements  for  75).  I 
also  considered  coaxing  the 
Contest  Advisory  Commit- 
tee to  allow  for  a  new  oper- 
ator/station category:  single 
operator,  multi-transmitter. 
]ust  think!  I  could  have  two 
programmable  CW  ma* 
chines  going  at  once,  with  a 
tape  recorder  taking  all  the 
calls.  On  phone,  I  could  run 
pretaped  reports  by  using 
cassette  recorders  remotely 
controlled  and  coordinated 
by  computer.  Wow!  Wow! 
Woowww! 

See  what  I  mean?  Final- 
ly, through  sheer  willpow- 
er, I  began  to  channel  my 
mind  toward  constructive 
thoughts  of  winning.  I  was 
just  beginning  to  get  my 
head  straightened  out  when 
the  big  day  was  upon  me, 

I  spent  all  of  contest  eve 
tuning  and  retuning  my  sta- 
tion to  a  fine  pitch.  I  still 
have  scars  on  my  legs  from 


40     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


t 


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shiiinying  up  and  down  the 
trees  in  my  yard  in  a  last- 
ditch  attempt  to  get  the  swr 
for  my  entire  antenna  farm 
down  to  a  dB-encouraging 
1 :1 .  Now,  before  the  state- 
of-the-art  crowd  protests 
that  I  was  chasing  the  ghost 
of  an  old  wives'  tale,  let  me 
say  that,  with  this  Con- 
tester,  old  ideas  die  very 
hard.  If  nothing  else,  I  was 
determined. 

For  a  full  hour  before  the 
contest  was  to  begin,  a  well- 
rested,  well-fed  Con  tester- 
to-be  sat  in  a  lotus  position, 
chanting  and  concentrating 
on  making  points  Finally,  I 
leaped  up,  and  screaming, 
"I'm  psyched!",  ran  into  the 
shack  Immediately  I  began 
to  throw  switches  with  such 
ferocity  that  I  almost 
ruined  forever  the  front 
panels  of  my  precision- 
tuned  Vehicles-to-contest- 
Victory  equipment  Notice 
the  capitalization  of  the  Vs. 
Man,  I  was  ready! 

Since  this  contest  was  a 
one-weekend,  one-shot,  DX 
affair,  I  had  to  cram  hun- 
dreds (preferably  thou- 
sands] of  contacts  into  48 
hours  of  living.  Operation 
on  all  H  F  bands  on  both  CW 
and  phone  was  allowed,  I 
decided  to  tear  into  the  CW 
portion  first  and  was 
pleased  that  my  code  speed 
was  up  to  par  as  I  racked  up 
contacts  left  and  right. 

After  a  few  hours  of  dah- 
ditting  my  way  into  contest 
history,  I  decided  to  switch 
to  phone  and,  in  my  most 
mellow,  pious  voice,  began 
calling  "CQ  Contest/' 

Twelve  hours  and  a  gal- 
lon of  coffee  later,  I  knew  I 
had  to  take  a  break  I  could 
feel  the  weariness  creeping 
in  rapidly  and  was  begin- 
ning to  have  problems  with 
my  CW  fist.  I  had  planned 
two  two-hour  breaks  so  as 
to  unwind  from  each  four- 
teen-hour  operating  period 
(or  spasm,  as  the  case  may 
be).  I  immediately  hit  the 
sack,  but  due  to  all  the  ex- 
citement and  coffee,  was 
unable  to  get  to  sleep.  It 
seemed   like   two   minutes 


later  when  the  alarm  went 
off  and  I  rolled  out  knowing 
I  should  have  had  more 
sleep  and  less  coffee.  Of 
course,  it  wasn't  long 
before  I  rationalized  that 
sleeping  wasn't  important, 
but  points  points,  POINTS 
were!  Back  to  the  coffee 
urn.  The  XYL  was  graciously 
cooking  some  wing-dinger 
meals  that  could  be  con- 
sumed in  5  minutes  or  less 
without  indigestion. 

As  I  began  my  second  pe- 
riod of  operation,  I  noticed 

that  the  band  conditions 
were  kind  of  flat  and,  con- 
sequently, my  QSO  rate 
was  pretty  slow,  at  best. 
Later,  as  evening  brought 
better  propagation  and 
more  operation,  things 
began  to  pick  up.  But  by 
now  I  was  beginning  to  feel 
the  effects  of  my  lack  of 
sleep.  My  QSO  rate  seemed 
to  be  rocketing  along  at  a 
snail's  pace.  Time  was  drag- 
ging so  badly  that  I  began 
to  wonder  if  I  was  in  a  radio 
contest  or  a  tractor-pulling 
event.  Ten  hours  into  my 
second  period  of  operation, 
my  dupe  sheets  began  to 
send  bad  vibrations  to  my 
brain.  With  every  call  I 
heard  I  thought  to  myself, 
"I  know  I've  worked  him 
before,  That  call  sounds  so 
familiar/'  Then  I'd  furiously 
scan  the  dupe  sheet  with  a 
disbelieving  attitude.  If  the 
guy's  call  wasn't  on  the 
sheet,  I'd  think  to  myself,  "I 
must've  left  it  off  when  I 
worked  him  before/'  POOF! 
went  my  mental  state. 

At  last  my  second 
"spasm"  was  over  Only 
one  more  to  go.  I  cursed 
myself  all  the  way  to  the 
bedroom,  berating  that  in- 
sane man  who  not  more 
than  a  month  ago  decided 
that  he  wanted  to  be  'The 
Con  tester/'  Where  was  he 
now?!  Why,  the  little  beg- 
gar crawled  off  into  a  hole 
somewhere  and  was  sleep- 
ing regular  hours,  eating 
regular  meals,  and  watch- 
ing the  boob  tube!  Left  in 
his  place  was  an  empty 
4-1000A  of  a  man.  A  glass 


bottle  that  you  could  see 
clear  through.  Man,  did  I 
need  sleept 

Two  hours  later,  I  groggi- 
ly  switched  off  the  alarm 
and,  feeling  as  though  I'd 
managed  to  collect  only 
one  or  two  or  my  marbles, 
flopped  out  of  the  sack  and 
into  the  dining  room.  The 
XYL  timidly  served  my  meal 
(was  it  breakfast  or  dinner?), 
not  too  sure  of  what  my 
mood  would  be.  I  was  cour- 
teous, but  quiet.  After  eat- 
ing, it  was  back  to  the  shack 
for  the  last  grueling  episode 
in  this  very  strange  "ex- 
perience." 

My  senses  began  to  func- 
tion just  long  enough  for 
me  to  realize  that  it  was 
around  8  am,  Sunday  Most 
people  on  the  east  coast 
would  be  on  their  way  to 
church,  so  maybe  my  com- 
petition won't  be  too  bad. 
Fat  chance!  I'd  forgotten  all 
the  other  people  in  this  con- 
test were  maniacs  just  like 
me,  and  church  was  out  of 
the  question. 

My  memory  of  what  hap- 
pened for  the  next  12-13 
hours  is  very  blurry.  About 
the  only  thing  that  comes 
back  to  me  is  the  feeling 
that  my  fist  and  mouth 
were  molded  from  solid 
lead  — very  hard,  very 
heavy,  and  quite  immov- 
able. Looking  back  on  my 
logs,  what  I  can  read  of 
them,  I  see  that  I  managed 
to  run  a  respectable  QSO 
rate,  considering  my  condi- 
tion. I  didn't  even  work  too 
many  people  that  I'd 
worked  before, 

However,  my  XYL's  mem- 
ory and  description  of  the 
events  during  and  after  the 
third  period  of  operation 
were  a  lot  sharper.  Appar- 
ently, I  occasionally  stum- 
bled in  and  out  of  the  shack 
with  glazed  eyes,  mumbling 
something  she  was  afraid  to 
listen  to.  She  claims  my 
voice  sounded  like  the 
buzzsaw  at  the  local  lum- 
ber yard,  and  there  were 
times  when  she  would  look 
in  and  see  me  sitting  at  the 
desk  going  through  the  mo- 


tions of  speaking  and  send- 
ing CW  at  the  same  time, 
but  actually  doing  neither. 
The  keyer  wasn't  in  my 
hand,  I  wasn't  near  the 
mike,  and  I  wasn't  saying 
anything!  WOW! 

At  last  the  contest  was 
over  and,  according  to  her,  I 
got  up,  turned  on  my  heel 
with  military  drill-team  pre- 
cision  and  proceeded  to 
walk  straight  into  the  wall. 
She  then  quietly  led  me 
down  the  hall  and  tucked 
me  into  bed.  All  the  while  I 
was  quietly  saying,  "dafv 
dit-dah-dit  dah-dah-dit- 
dah/'  over  and  over  again, 

lean  now  say  for  the  first 
time  in  my  life,  that  I  fully 
appreciate  what  it  means  to 
"crash."  The  youth  of  our 
nation  are  to  be  praised  for 
coining  such  a  descriptive 
term.  I  crashed  so  hard  that 
it  took  me  18  hours  to  wake 
up  and  another  24  hours  of 
very  peaceful  surroundings 
to  come  fully  to  grips  with 
myself. 

It's  been  months  since 
the  contest  and  I  haven't 
dreamed  of  the  "single-op- 
erator, multi-transmitter" 
category  for  a  long  time,  In 
fact,  I  haven't  really  been 
on  the  air  since  the  contest 
Even  so,  I've  occasionally 
gone  into  the  recreation 
room,  looked  at  the  weight- 
lifting  equipment  that  I  had 
worked  on  so  hard,  remem- 
bered those  hours  of  medi- 
tation, and  smiled.  Then,  of 
course,  I  would  turn  and 
walk  away.  Until  today. 

When  the  mail  arrived, 
the  contest  results  were  in 
the  ham  magazine  that 
sponsored  the  event  and, 
what's  this?  I  placed  third  in 
my  section?  I  beat  out  a 
whole  raft  of  more  experi- 
enced operators?  WOW!  If 
only!  hadn't  snapped  out  in 
the  waning  hours  of  the 
contest'  Let's  see,  if  I  add 
another  ten-foot  section  to 
the  tower,  how  many  dB  of 
gain  will  that  yield?  When's 
the  next  contest?  Only  six 
weeks  away?  Oh  man,  here 
we  go  again!  WIN 
WIINN         WIIINNNJB 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     41 


fohn  Acker mann  AC9V/1 
71  Magazine  Staff 


The  GU-1820  Ac  Generator 

100  pounds  of  portable  power  from  Heath 


A  major  problem  in  any 
emergency  planning  or 
Field  Day  preparation  al- 
ways seems  to  be  finding  a 
generator  Most  commer- 
cially-available gas  gener- 
ators are  either  too  large  or 
too  expensive  to  be  prac- 
tical for  most  hams  to  own 
Finding  a  generator  to  bor- 
row or  rent  isn't  always 
easy,  either.  Now  Heath- 
kit™  has  helped  to  solve 
this  problem  with  the  intro- 
duction of  the  Heath-Watt 
portable  generator. 

The  Heath-Watt  uses  a 
five-horsepower  four-cycle 
engine  to  drive  a  generator 
capable  of  providing  2200 
Watts  of  continuous  ac 
power.   This    is   more  than 


ample  to  power,  for  exam- 
ple, a  complete  two-trans- 
mitter Field-Day  operation 
if  Itnears  aren't  used. 

The  only  assembly  in- 
volves mounting  the  engine 
to  the  main  frame  and  as- 
sembling and  mounting  the 
generator  Itself  to  that 
frame.  When  the  packages 
containing  the  kit  arrived  at 
the  73  ham  shack,  the  ques- 
tion arose  as  to  who  should 
put  it  together.  I  am  fairly 
handy  with  a  soldering  iron, 
but  it  is  widely  known  that  I 
am  dangerous  with  a  socket 
wrench  in  hand.  It  was 
therefore  decided  that  I 
should  be  the  kit  builder  — 
the  others  felt  that  if  I  could 
do  it,  anyone  could! 


Well,  I  did  it  The  total 
assembly  time  was  about 
six  hours,  although  that 
time  included  several  de- 
lays for  rag  chews,  refresh 
ments,  and  snide  comments 
from  the  more  mechanical- 
ly-adept  members  of  the 
staff,  This  was  not  how- 
ever, the  most  enjoyable 
time  I  have  had  putting  a 
Heathkit  together. 

I've  always  had  a  suspi- 
cion  that  the  Heath  techni- 
cal writers  are  at  their  best 
when  describing  electronic 
assembly  and  not  so  hot  on 
mechanical  steps.  This  kit 
seems  to  prove  that  hunch 
correct  Don't  get  me  wrong 
—  if  you  follow  the  manual, 
you  will  end  up  with  a  work- 


Heath's  GU-1820  ac  generator. 


ing  generator,  but  I  feel  the 
instructions  are  not  as  clear 
and  straightforward  as  I've 
come  to  expect  from 
Heath  Part  of  the  problem 
is  that  the  terminology  of 
generators  is  not  as  familiar 
to  most  of  us  as  is  the  lan- 
guage of  electronic  con- 
struction. I  found  that  fre- 
quent reference  to  the  pic* 
torials  both  for  parts  identi 
fication  and  for  an  under- 
standing  of  what  each  step 
entailed    was    necessary. 

Construction  of  the 
Heath-Watt  itself  presented 
few  problems.  The  only  real 
difficulty  encountered  was 
in  forcing  a  bearing  into  the 
end  casing  of  the  generator. 
Heath  provides  a  wooden 
dowel  to  use  with  a  ham- 
mer to  drive  in  the  bearing, 
and  the  instructions  note 
that  "it  may  be  necessary  to 
strike  the  wood  bearing 
driver  with  considerable 
force  to  seat  the  bearing 
properly."  The  instructions 
are  correct  on  that  point.  It 
took  such  "considerable 
force"  to  drive  the  bearing 
in  that  the  wood  dowel  split 
in  half  long  before  it  was 
seated  properly. 

In  fact,  we  never  could 
get  the  bearing  in  flush  with 
the  end  casing  and,  as  a 
result,  a  plastic  bracket  that 
mounts  over  the  bearing 
ended  up  with  a  slight  bow. 
This  problem  caused  us 
some  concern,  but  did  not 
appear  to  affect  the  perfor- 

Continued  on  page  57 


42     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


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73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     43 


Radio  Rehab 

how  ham  radio  helps  young  offenders 


Rohwi  Sfuart  Zamatin  W A6V7P 
7012  Newtin  Avefll 

WhttHet  (  \  90602 


Can  ham  radio  be  used 
as  a  means  of  rehabili- 
tating young  offenders?  At- 
torney   Steve    Stevens 


KD6BS  believes  that  it  can 
He  belongs  to  the  Volun- 
teers in  Parole,  a  variation 
of  the  Big  Brother  organiza- 


Attomey  Steve  Stevens  KD6BS  in  his  shack. 


tion,  which  pairs  young 
parolees  from  the  Calif  or 
nia  Youth  Authority  and 
volunteer  attorneys  The 
goal  of  the  VIP  is  to  help 
parolees  to  adjust  to  the 
outside  world  and  become 
productive  citizens  after 
being  released  from  the 
custody  of  the  California 
Youth  Authority. 

Steve,  who  has  been  in- 
volved in  radio  since  195 3, 
believes  that  ham  radio  is 
an  excellent  means  of  di- 
verting the  young  parolee's 
interest  from  criminal  activ- 
ities into  something  con- 
structive. He  believes  that 
the  various  activities  in  ham 
radio  can  help  the  parolee 
to  associate  with  individu 
ah  outside  his  own  peer 
group,  Because  of  the  fact 
that  the  hobby  cuts  across 
income,  occupational,  and 
ethnic  boundaries,  it  is  an 
excellent  way  of  main- 
streaming  the  parolee  into 
the  world  outside  a  correc- 
tional institution. 

The  Volunteers  in  Parole 

grew  out  of  the  suggestion 
of    Supreme    Court    Chief 


44     73  Magazme  •  October,  1981 


Justice  Warren  E.  Burger 
that  lawyers  get  involved  in 
the  correctional  system  and 
help  it  become  something 
other  than  a  revolving-door- 
process.  The  first  VIP  pro- 
grams were  set  up  in  Los 
Angeles  and  Santa  Clara  in 
1972,  and  since  then,  San 
Diego,  Sacramento,  and 
San  Francisco  have  started 
VIP  programs. 

The  parolees  are  matched 
up  with  volunteer  attorneys 
who  have  the  same  basic  in- 
terests in  similar  hobbies 
and  sports.  The  attorneys 
are  asked  to  spend  at  least 
five  hours  per  month  with 
their  parolees  over  a  period 
of  six  months.  In  reality, 
they  often  spend  more  time 
than  that  with  their  charges, 
absorbing  a  lot  of  the  ex- 
penses out  of  their  own 
pockets. 

Motivating  the  parolee  is 
not  difficult  if  you  try  to  set 
up  a  positive  role  model, 
claims  Steve.  "If  you  get  a 
relationship    with    the    kid 


and  if  the  kid  is  trying  to 
emulate  you,  it  is  not  diffi- 
cult to  motivate  him.  With 
the  right  type  of  relation- 
ship, he  wants  to  try  what 
he  sees  you  doing/' 

Currently,  Steve  is  work- 
ing with  a  parolee  named 
Kelvin,  helping  him  to  get 
his  Novice  license.  This  is 
the  first  parolee  he  has  got- 
ten involved  in  ham  radio. 
He  brings  Kelvin  to  his 
house  so  that  he  can  see 
firsthand  what  ham  radio  is 
all  about.  Steve  is  also  con- 
sidering setting  up  a  Novice 
class  at  two  of  the  juvenile 
detention  facilities  in  Cali- 
fornia's Santa  Clara  County, 
locally  known  as  the  Boys' 
Ranch  and  the  Girls'  Ranch. 

As  much  as  he  feels  ham 
radio  is  good  for  diverting 
young  people  from  criminal 
activity,  he  has  serious 
reservations  about  using 
ham  radio  in  rehabilitating 
adult  offenders.  "Most  of 
the  adult  offenders  would 
probably  see  it  as  a  way  of 


communicating  with  each 
other  as  to  whether  or  not 
the  cops  were  coming  — or 
something  like  that/'  he 
cautioned.  "I  don't  want  to 
run  that  risk." 

Elaborating  further,  he 
indicated  that  "statistics 
show  that  normally  25  years 
of  age  becomes  a  turning 
point  in  life.  An  individual 
either  gives  up  a  life  of 
crime  altogether  or  he  be- 
comes a  criminal  for  the 
rest  of  his  life.  What  I  am 
concerned  with  primarily, 
therefore,  is  catching  those 
youngsters  before  they  get 
to  the  big  time." 

Steve  is  well  qualified  for 
this  sort  of  activity.  He 
received  his  communica- 
tions training  in  the  Air 
Force  in  1953.  He  has  been 
teaching  a  Novice  class  for 
the  past  year,  and  he  runs  a 
10-10  net.  He  is  very  active 
on  two  meters.  His  many 
pieces  of  equipment  in- 
clude a  KLM  Multi-2000 
which  is  his  all-mode  base 


station,  a  Tempo  VHF/One 
Plus  which  serves  as  his 
mobile  rig,  a  Santec  hand- 
held that  he  uses  when 
traveling,  and  a  old  Poly- 
com that  he  uses  when 
monitoring  his  favorite  DX 
repeater.  His  interests  also 
branch  out  to  microcom- 
puters, and  he  plans  to  pur- 
chase one  to  interface  with 
his  gear  and  so  keep  home 
accounts. 

It  is  very  important  for 
young  people  who  have 
been  involved  in  criminal 
activity,  especially  those 
who  have  served  time,  to 
keep  busy  with  construc- 
tive activities  so  they  don't 
have  time  to  revert  back  to 
their  old  behavior  patterns 
and  make  the  "big  time/' 
Fortunately,  there  are  peo- 
ple like  Steve  who  care 
enough  to  help  young  pa- 
rolees coming  out  of  the 
system  and  divert  them 
from  criminal  pursuits  to 
other,  more  worthwhile,  ac- 
tivities like  ham  radio  J 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     45 


Rotator 

by  Alliance 

A  precision  instrument 

built  to  last. 

The  HD-73  combines  Dual-Speed  rotation 

and  a  single  5-position  switch  with  the  clear 

visibility  of  a  backlit  D'Arsonval  meter.  So 

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And  the  advanced  technology  of  HD-73 

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The  superior  design 

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support  bracket,  with 

optional  no-slip  positive 

drive,  assures  perfect 

in-tower  centering  with 

no  special  tools. 

Automatic  braki ng 

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Easy  to  install,  a 
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46     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


HAL  Puts  MORE  Behind 


72  or  36 

Character 

Lines 


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Display 


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Indicator  /  Space 

on  Screen  /  (For  Baudot) 


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Synchronous 

Idle 

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Auto  All  3  RTTY 

Four  internal         ■talk-Hold  Shifts 

RTTY  Demodulators  (High  or  Low  Tones) 

Ext.  Scope  Connections 


Audio  or 

RS232 

Data 


Transmit 

and  Receive 

With  RTTY  Loop  Devices 

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HT2100  System: 

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RM2100  Rack  Adapter 
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"Brag  Tape"  ROM 


•  24  Line  Display 

•  2  Pages  of  72 
Character  Lines 


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NOW!  HAL  Equipment  is 
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Heath's  HA-202 
Goes  to  220  MHz 

power  up  with  this  simple  mod 


Kent  Britain  WASVfB 
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Do  you  enjo>  220-MHz 
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This  is  an  easy  modifica- 
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The    HA-202    two-meter 

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The  more  recent  HA-202  A 
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is  not  covered  by  this  arti- 
cle. The  HA-202  is  used  be- 
cause its  2N5591s  are  us- 
able to  250  MHz. 

Before  this  modification 
can  begin,  the  PC  board 
must   be   exposed.    To   do 


this,  perform  the  following 
steps  in  order! 

1)  Remove  the  C-shaped 
cover, 

2)  Remove  the  two  nuts  se- 
curing the  power  transistors 
to  the  heat  sink, 

3)  Remove  the  six  bolts  se- 
curing the  heat  sink,  sides, 
and  the  PC  board. 

To  begin  the  modifica- 
tion, refer  to  Fig,  1,  Remove 
L1f  C3,  C6,  and  C6  from  the 
input  circuit.  On  the  output 
circuit,  remove  L9,  C11 ,  and 
CI  2.  Save  CI  2  for  later  use. 


w 


o 


1 


}  OMIT 


CHANGE 


CIS 

,C'S 


rTU  Dirt       \j 


CI)  - 


n 


TP4 

o 


a£sr~ea 


The  completed  modifications  for  220  MHz. 


1VILWL0   FROM    COMPONENT  SiCE  I 


Fig.  T.  Component  location. 


48     73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981 


Now  replace  L1  and  l_9 
with  a  3/4"  piece  of  straight 
wire  (similar  to  L2  and  L3). 
Next,  use  a  22-pF  capacitor 
you  just  removed  from  C11 
or  C12  to  replace  C3. 

Since  the  case  is  already 
off,  now's  your  chance  to 
install  a  disaster-preventing 
reverse-polarity  protection 
diode  from  B+  to  ground 
just  inside  the  case  (see  Fig, 
2),  Just  about  any  silicon 
diode  rated  three  Amps  or 
larger  will  work.  Be  sure 
that  the  cathode  band  is 
connected  to  B  +  . 

If  you're  like  me  and 
have  just  got  to  get  that  ex- 
tra Watt  out  of  an  ampli- 
fier, then  use  a  5-to-30-pF 
ceramic  trimmer  is  place  of 
C3  and  CI  3. 

Now  reinstall  the  PC 
board,  but  do  not  replace 
the  C-shaped  cover,  Tune 
your  HA-202  for  maximum 
output  starting  with  the 
output    section.    Typically, 


C1 

S-fiO 


^^S> 


J  OMIT 


CHANGE 


^  GROUND 


Fig,  2.  HA-202  amplifier  schematic. 


the  HA-202  produced  40 
Watts  out  with  10  Watts  of 
drive  on  two  meters.  On  220 
MHz  there  is  a  slight  reduc- 
tion  in  output  power,   but 


you  can   still  expect  30  + 
Watts  out. 

My  thanks  to  WB5WRR 
for  confirming  that  this 
modification  is  an  easy,  in- 


expensive way  to  generate 
some  power  on  220  MHz, 
Also,  my  thanks  to 
KA5CWL  for  knowing  how 
to  put  words  together.  ■ 


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See  List  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     49 


PautGrupp  KA1LR 
73  Magazine  Staff 


The  Mirage  B1016 
Two-Meter  Linear  Amplifier 

for  those  times  when  you  have  to  be  heard 


When  f  moved  to  New 
Hampshire  from  the 
midwest  a  year  ago,  the  re- 
peaters out  here  really  took 
me  by  surprise.  The  cover- 
age is  phenomenal  by  any 
standard  I  am  accustomed 
to,  but  so  are  the  dead  spots 
when  a  mountain  gets  be- 
tween you  and  the  repeat- 
er!  Clearly,  10  Watts  of 
power  is  not  enough  for  reli- 
able communications  The 
final  straw  came  when  I  be- 
came interested  in  2m 
SSB— I  had  to  have  an  am- 
plifier, and  preferably  one 
that  included  a  receive 
preamplifier  After  pricing 
the  market,  I  decided  that  ! 
might  as  well  go  for  some- 
thing really  'loud/'  and  one 


y   / 


POWER 

OH 


of  the  most  powerful  ampli- 
fiers this  side  of  a  home- 
brew 4CX-250  is  the  Mirage 
B1016,  For  the  uninitiated, 
this  particular  model  is  ca- 
pable of  putting  out  160 
Watts  with  only  10  Watts 
drive  and  is  an  extremely 
compact  package  measur- 
ing 12'X3'X53".  It  ap- 
pears to  be  very  conserva- 
tively designed  and  is  cov- 
ered by  a  five-year  warranty 
on  everything  but  the  rf 
power  transistors  (which 
are  covered  by  a  one-year 
warranty). 

When  the  B1016  arrived, 
I  immediately  installed  it  in 
my  car.  An  amplifier  that 
produces  this  much  power 
is  not  to  be  taken  lightly,  so 


\   \ 


OH 


The  Mirage  ST 01 6  two-meter  linear  amplifier 
50     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


I  took  the  precaution  of  in- 
stalling a  short,  heavy  run 
of  #10  wire  directly  to  the 
battery,  R058/U  is  not  real* 
ly  designed  to  handle  160 
Watts  at  two  meters,  so  I 
fitted  my  Larsen  roof- 
mount  antenna  with  a  good 
grade  of  RG-8/X.  All  front- 
panel  switches  may  be  re- 
moted  using  an  optional 
control  box,  permitting  the 
amplifier  to  be  installed  in 
an  out-of-the-way  location, 
with  a  remote-control  box 
conveniently  at  hand. 

It  should  have  come  as 
no  surprise,  but  it  was  nev- 
ertheless exciting  to  discov- 
er that  1 60  Watts  allows  me 
to  talk  through  repeaters  I 
couldn't  even  kerchunk 
before.  I  had  grown  ac- 
customed to  losing  contact 
with  my  favorite  repeater 
along  certain  stretches  of 
highway  — from  these  same 
spots  I  was  now  into  the  ma- 
chine with  a  reasonable  lev- 
el of  quieting!  Importantly, 
the  B1016  is  fitted  with  a 
very  good  10-dB  gain  re- 
ceive preamplifier.  Switch- 
ing it  in  kicks  up  the  S-meter 
several  units  and  quiets  the 
received  signal  noticeably, 
The  preamplifier  does  its 
best  work  on  SSB.  It  never 
made  a  totally  indecipher- 
able FM  signal  readable, 
but  it  frequently  allowed 
me  to  communicate  with 


SSB  stations  that  (  couldn't 
otherwise  copy  I  have  yet 
to  encounter  a  multi-mode 

two-meter  transceiver  that 
won't  benefit  from  the  Mir- 
age preamplifier. 

How  Do  I  Key  This  Thing? 

You'll  notice  from  the 
photograph  that  there  is  an 
FM/SSB  switch  on  the  front 
panel  Since  the  amplifier  is 
biased  for  linear  operation 
in  both  the  SSB  and  FM 
modes,  this  has  absolutely 
nothing  to  do  with  the  lin- 
earity of  the  amplifier.  It 
merely  selects  no  delay  rf- 
sense  switching  in  the  FM 
mode  and  adds  some  delay 
in  the  SSB  mode  Rf  switch- 
ing is  convenient  but  is  real- 
ly an  unsatisfactory  com- 
promise. If  you  set  the  hang 
time  long  enough  so  that 
the  amp  doesn't  cut  in  and 
out  between  words,  it  takes 
an  uncomfortably  long 
time  to  switch  to  receive 
after  you  let  up  on  the  PTT. 
Moreover,  the  Mirage  has 
separate  relays  for  the 
preamp  and  amplifier  sec- 
tions so  that  everyone  has 
to  listen  to  two  relays  chat- 
tering away.  Do  yourself  a 
favor  and  wire  up  for  direct 
keying  when  you  install  the 
amplifier  In  only  takes  a 
moment  and  think  of  the 
fun  you'll  have  scaring  your 
know-it-all    friends    every 


time  you  operate  SSB  with 
the  delay  switch  in  the  FM 
position! 

The  B1016  can  draw  over 
20  Amps  of  power  (it's  fused 
for  35)  at  13.6  volts  dc,  so 
care  should  be  taken  in 
choosing  a  power  supply 
For  a  VH  F  contest  weekend, 
I  used  a  hefty  Astron  RS~ 
35M  supply,  rated  at  20 
Amps  continuous  duty,  and 
it  barely  got  warm.  The  heat 
sink  on  the  amplifier  itself 
gets  pretty  hot  after  three 
or  four  hours  of  screaming 
"CQ  contest"  into  the  mi- 
crophone, but  at  no  time 
did  I  cause  the  tempera- 
ture-sensing protective  cir- 
cuitry to  cycle  At  1 70°  F .,  a 


thermostat  shuts  the  ampli- 
fier off,  and  doesn't  return 
it  to  normal  operation  until 
the  temperature  drops  to 
140°  F. 

Who  Needs  160  Watts? 

Even  in  the  flatlands  of 
the  midwest,  a  powerful 
amplifier  is  useful  for  FM 
operation  It  is  comforting 
to  know  you  have  an  extra 
margin  of  power  when  mo- 
biling  at  the  fringe  of  a  re- 
peater's coverage  area,  and 
it's  a  pleasure  to  carry  on 
simplex  conversations  over 
distances  that  would  nor- 
mally require  a  repeater. 
Nevertheless,  two-meter 
SSB  is  where  the  B1 01 6  real- 
ly shines.  You  haven't  lived 


Bottom  view  of  the  Mirage  87076. 
until  you've  worked  some     Mirage    Communications 


two-meter  SSB  DX,  and  the 
B1016  will  allow  you  to  do 
it  on  a  regular  basis!  For 
more  information,  contact 


Equipment  Inc.,  PO  Box 
1393,  Cilroy  CA  95020. 
Reader    Service    number 

486  ■ 


GU-1820  from  page  42 

mance  of  the  generator  A 
suggestion  to  Heath:  Either 
manufacture  the  metal 
parts  with  slightly  greater 
tolerances  or  provide  the 
bearing  already  pressed  in- 
to place. 

After  assembly  and  fuel- 
ing, the  gang  stood  back 
and  held  its  collective 
breath  while  the  starter 
cord  was  pulled  for  the  first 
time,  The  engine  started 
beautifully,  and  the  light 
bulb  connected  to  the  out- 
put lit  just  as  Heath  said  it 
would.  After  letting  the  en- 
gine run  long  enough  to 
make  reasonably  sure  that 
Ehe  mechanical  parts  were 
working  correctly,  we 
hooked  the  output  (through 
3  step-down  transformer)  to 
an  oscilloscope  to  have  a 
iook  at  the  waveform.  It 
definitely  wasn't  as  clean  as 
:he  mains,  but  the  frequen- 
:y  was  very  close  to  60  Hz 
ind  the  line  voltage  was 
ight  on  the  money  at  117 

After  ensuring  that  it  was 
;afe  to  connect  equipment 
:o  the  output,  we  hooked 
jp  a  transceiver  to  see  how 
he  Heath-Watt  would  do  at 
providing  useful  power.  It 
lid  very  well.  The  TS-530S 
an  just  as  it  did  when  con- 
lected  to  New  Hampshire 
'ublic  Service.  The  nicest 


news  of  all  was  that  the  re- 
ceiver suffered  no  interfer- 
ence at  all  from  the  gener- 
ator—it was  just  as  quiet  as 
when  running  from  the 
mains. 

The  generator's  first  real 
test  came  a  few  weeks  later 
at  the  73  gang's  Field-Day 
site,  where  it  was  the  sole 
source  of  power  for  our 
class  2A  station  The  Heath- 
Watt  ran  flawlessly  for  weli 
over  24  hours  and,  although 
it  was  possible  to  tell  by  the 
sound  of  the  engine  when  a 
rig  was  keyed,  it  handled 
the  load  of  two  transceiv- 
ers, assorted  keyers,  lights, 
and  rotors  with  no  trouble 
whatsoever 

As  generators  go,  the 
Heath-Watt  was  rather 
quiet,  We  set  it  up  about 


one  hundred  feet  from  the 

operating  tent  behind  a 
large  boulder  and  had  no 
noise  problems  at  all  The 
hundred  foot  hike  through 
the  brush  for  refueling  did 
make  that  part  of  Field  Day 
more  exciting  than  usual 
Heath  says  that  the  gener- 
ator's haff-gallon  gas  tank 
will  provide  about  1  V* 
hours  of  operation  at  50% 
load.  That  estimate  seems 
conservative,  and  there 
were  times  when  it  seemed 
as  though  the  gas  would 
last  forever  (Those  were 
usually  the  times  an  oper- 
ator was  waiting  anxiously 
in  front  of  a  battery-pow- 
ered rig  to  take  over  when 
the  generator  died).  It 
would  be  nice  if  a  still- 
larger  gas  tank  were  avail- 


able—  a  generator  should 
not  really  have  to  be  fed 
every  couple  of  hours  dur- 
ing an  emergency.  A  tank 
twice  the  size  would  pro- 
duce half  the  aggravation* 

The  Heath-Watt  seems  to 
be  the  ideal  answer  for  an 
individual  or  group  wanting 
to  have  emergency  power 
capability  at  a  reasonable 
cost.  This  generator  is  rela- 
tively inexpensive  for  the 
amount  of  power  it  pro- 
duces and  is  small  and  light 
enough  so  that  storage  and 
transportation  are  not  a  real 
problem;  one  man  can  easi- 
ly move  it  if  necessary, 

For  more  information, 
contact  Heath  Company, 
Benton  Harbor  Mi  49022, 
Reader    Service    number 


l 


WE'RE  R.OLIN 


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IN  CRYSTALS! 

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(10  or  More  —  S3. 50  each) 

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(We  Also  Accept  Orders  For  Custom  Crystals,) 


P.O.  Box  436  Department  7 

Dunellen.  N.J.  08812 

201-469-1219 


-See  Ltstot  Advertisers  on  page  T30 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     51 


More  Punch  for  the 
Hot  Water  101 


Sfeve  Eigstt  K5SE 
Mento  Park  CA  94025 


TheHeathkitSB/HW-100 
series  of  transceivers  is 
one  of  the  most  popular 
lines  in  the  ham  market  Un- 
fortunately, the  SB-100  line 
has  been  discontinued,  but 
the  HW-101,  with  the  identi- 
cal circuit  minus  some  bells 
and  whistles,  lives  on.  Hav- 


0  Q2 


/-,' 


m 


950 


KT4L 


m 


/h 


R22& 
lOOK 


ing  owned  an  SB-101  for  a 
dozen  years,  I  found  that 
the  transmit  audio  was  just 
barely  adequate,  and  if  a 
mike  with  low  output  was 
used,  it  was  downright 
weak.  External  preamps  are 
handy  but  involve  extra  bat- 
teries or  power  supplies, 
and  are  generally  a  nui- 
sance. 

After  examining  the  SB- 
101  schematic,  I  noticed 
that  I  had  an  auxiliary  crys- 


R22G        VIOLET  /    VIOLET/    WHITE 
— VA. 


C2IQ 
I2p>f 


C22  2 


)\ 


L2G2 


1 


-V  tO  LET 


Fig.  f.  Original  SB-101 /1Q2  circuit 


R2S 

SBJOI  22* 

PHONE      ° ^*" 

PATCM  INPUT 


MIC  INPUT 


Or 


22  K 


FTT 


-X- 

SRtAK 


6 


Rl 

LOOK 
I  WATT 


kp) 


VIA 


JT° 


SHIELD 


SHIELD 

iold  ca?i> 

0.02 


__     MEW  (00  K 


T0#|7 

ON  BAN&PA5S 

BOARD 

j+250  VDC 

SUPPLY! 


Fig,  2,  Preamp  circuit  for  HW/SB-101  using  V5B, 


tal  oscillator  which  I  never 
used.  The  circuit  uses  half 
of  V5,  a  6EA8,  With  a  few 
modifications  — wiring  and 
not  cosmetic  — the  triode 
section  of  the  6EA8  can  be 
used  as  an  audio  preampli- 
fier. When  I  looked  at  the 
schematic  of  an  HW-101,  I 
discovered  that  it  did  not 
have  the  auxiliary  crystal 
circuit,  in  fact,  the  triode 
half  of  V5B  is  not  even 
used!  It's  sitting  there 
waiting  for  you  to  add  three 
resistors  and  capacitors  to 
make  it  an  audio  preamp. 

Preparing  the  SB-101 

If  you  have  an  HW-101, 
skip  this  step.  If  you  have 
an  SB-100  series  rig,  you 
must  first  remove  the  oscil- 
lator circuit  parts.  Carefully 
unsolder  resistors  R225  and 
R220  along  with  L202  and 
capacitors  C214,  C222,  and 
C221.  (See  Fig/1 .)  Save  C221 
as  it  will  be  used  for  the 
coupling  capacitor  in  the 
preamp.  The  violet  cable 
and  violet/violet/white  wire 
should  be  disconnected 
and  taped  carefully  out  of 
the  way. 

Wiring  the  HW/SB-101 

Figt  2  shows  the  new  cir- 
cuit There  are  three  resis- 
tors to  install  and  three 
capacitors  (one  is  C221 
from  the  SB-101).  Some  of 
these  parts  can  be  installed 
in    the    available    circuit 


board  holes.  The  100k  plate 
resistor  is  connected  to  a 
wire  which  is  soldered  to 
the  number  17  hole  (  +  250 
V  dc)  on  the  bandpass 
board. 

The  lead  from  the  mike 
connector  to  V1 A  is  broken 
and  routed  to  the  preamp, 
as  per  the  diagram.  Use 
shielded  cable  (and  I  in- 
stalled a  ferrite  bead  on 
V5B's  grid  lead  to  prevent  rf 
pickup).  The  SB-101  has  a 
phone-patch  input  paral- 
leled with  the  mike  input. 
Break  the  lead  and  install 
the  preamp  before  the 
phone  patch,  unless  your 
phone  patch  has  a  low-level 
output. 

While  you  are  inside  the 
rig,  I  recommend  changing 
R1r  the  plate  resistor  on 
VIA,  to  a  1-Watt  resistor. 
The  half-Watt  original  does 
not  dissipate  enough  heat 
and  may  change  value.  I 
found  that  mine  rose  to 
300k  and  cut  the  audio 
even  further. 

The  modification  is  sim- 
ple and  can  easily  be  re- 
moved if  necessary.  I  have 
had  this  circuit  in  my 
transceiver  (SB-101)  for  a 
number  of  years  and  get 
consistently  good  audio 
reports.  Be  careful  that  you 
do  not  overdrive  the  rig,  as 
there  will  be  substantial 
gain.  I  run  the  mike  level  at 
about  9  o'clock,  one-fourth 
of  the  way  up.B 


52     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


Alaska  Microwave  Labs 

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DAI  WA  Communications 

Essentials 

Simultaneous  SWR/Forward  swr  &  power  meters 
&  Reflected  Power  Reading 


Tolerance:  ±  10%  full  scale 
Input/output  Impedance:  50  Ohms 
Connectors:  SO-239 


Model  CN-620B  (New  2  Kw  Scale)        Model  CN-720B  (New  2  Kw  Scale) 


Frequency  Range:  1,8— 150  MHz  Frequency  Range:  1 3— 150  MHz 

SWR  Detection  Sensitivity:  5  Watts  min.  SWR  Detection  Sensitivity:  5  Watts  min 

Power  3  Ranges  (Forward.  20*200/2000  Watts)  Power  3  Ranges  {Forward,  2CK20CH2000  Watts 

(Reflected,  4/4QM00  Watts)  (Reflected,  4/40/400  Watts) 

Dimensions:  165  x  75  x  97  mm;  Dimensions:  180  x  120  x  130  mm: 

6.5x3x4  in.  7x4.75x5  in. 

Model  CN  630 

Frequency  Range:  140—450  MHz 
SWR  Detection  Sensitivity:  5  Watts  min. 
Power  2  Ranges  (Forward,  20Y2O0  Watts) 

{Reflected,  4/40  Watts) 
Dimensions:  180  x  85  x  120  mm; 
7.12x3.37x4.75  in. 


Frequency  Range;  3.5—30  MHz 

(Including  WARC  Bands) 

Power  Rating:  500  Watts  PEP 

Internal  Dummy  Load:  50  Watts/ 

1  Minute 

Impedance  Matching;  15-250 Ohms 

to  50  Ohms  Resistive 

Input  Power  Required  for  Automatic 

Tuner:  1, 5  or  10  Watts  {Set  by  rear 

panel  switch) 

Tune-up  Time:  45  Seconds  Max. 

Power  Requirement:  13.8  VDC/,2  Amp 


Power  Rating:  Z5  kW  PER  1kW  CW 

Impedance:  50  Ohms 

Insertion  Loss:  Less  than  ,2dB 

VSWR:  1:1.2 

Maximum  Frequency:  500  MHz 


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Isolation:  Better  than  50  dB  at  300  MHz; 

better  than  45  dB  at  450  MHz; 

adjacent  terminal 
Unused  terminals  grounded 
Connectors:  SO-239 


\ 


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BELL  INDUSTRIES 

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COMPTON.  CALIFORNIA  90224 

Phone  (213)  537-5200 


**See  List  of  Advertisers  0/1  p*g*  f3Q 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     53 


Tim  Daniel  NBRK 
73  Magazine  Staff 


Gunnplexer  Cookbook 


Why  aren't  you  operat- 
ing on  10  GHz?  Sure- 
ly, you  have  heard  of  the 
Gunnptexer,  a  Microwave 
Associates'  product  aimed 
at  making  the  average  ham 
a  master  of  microwave 
magic  Despite  its  availabil- 
ity, reasonable  price,  and 
simplicity,  the  Gunnplexer 
is  about  as  popular  as  an 
AM  signal  on  20  meters 
Now  there  is  new  hope  for 
discovering  life  on  10  gigs. 
The  Gunnplexer  Cookbook 
blows  the  top  off  the  sub- 
ject, eliminating  the  prob- 
lem of  finding  information 
and  applications. 

Authored  by  Bob  Rich- 
ardson W4UCH,  the  book 
goes  beyond  the  whys  of 
Gunn  diode  theory  and 
delves  into  the  hows  of  put- 


ting this  technology  to  use, 
The  sixteen  chapters  start 
with  the  basics  and  end 
with  the  design  and  con- 
struction of  a  computer  or 
TV  video  link.  Along  the 
way,  you'll  learn  about 
range,  bandwidth,  if  ampli- 
fiers, antennas,  and  any- 
thing else  that  has  to  do 
with  the  practical  aspects 
of  life  on  10  GHz. 

The  joy  of  W4UCH's 
book  is  that  you  can  dupli- 
cate the  projects.  There  are 
detailed  plans  for  building 
frequency  and  power  me- 
ters, power  supplies,  water- 
proof enclosures,  parabolic 
reflectors,  and  temperature 
controls.  These  building 
blocks  can  be  combined  in- 
to a  Level  1  or  a  Level  2 


communications  system. 
The  author  worked  alone, 
at  home,  so  he  was  forced 
to  devise  inexpensive  and 
readily-available  substi- 
tutes for  exotic  microwave 
gear  The  text  is  supple- 
mented by  photos,  dia- 
grams, printed  circuit  lay- 
outs, and  even  information 
about  suppliers. 

tf  you  have  mastered  the 
easy  applications  and  are 
ready  for  experimentation, 
check  out  the  Cookbook's 
discussion  about  making 
the  Gunnplexer  sing  on  sin- 
gle sideband.  The  proposed 
phase-locked-loop  "crystal- 
matic"  scheme  has  attract- 
ed some  skeptical  com- 
ments from  other  micro- 
wave aficionados  But  the 
critics    are    sorely    lacking 


when  it  comes  to  suggest- 
ing alternatives.  Another 
one  of  Richardson's  ideas 
calls  for  using  a  conven- 
tional AM  television  to 
receive  FM  video  signals. 
Common  sense  dictates 
that  this  cheap  and  dirty  ap- 
proach won't  work,  but  the 
proof  is  in  the  viewing. 

Still  not  convinced  that 
10  GHz  is  the  place  to  be? 

Then  maybe  you  should 
dust  off  that  old  AM  rig.  All 
jokes  aside,  The  Gunnplex- 
er Cookbook  is  the  defini- 
tive source  for  information 
and  inspiration  for  aspiring 
microwavers.  It  costs  $9.95 
and  is  available  from  The 
Ham  Radio  Publishing 
Croup,  Greenville  NH 
03048  ■ 


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54     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Hl-Q  BALUN 


*Fof  d«pa'es  yaq*s.  inverted 
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Impedance  Matching:  10  ohms  to  300 

ohms  to  50  ohms  resistive. 

Direct  Reading  SWR  Meter  1:1  to  infinity 

Direct  Reading  Power  Meter  Two  meter 
scales  from  0  W  to  250  W  and  0  W  to  2500 
W;  front  panel  switch  selects  FWD  or 
Reflected  Power  (illuminated  panel  meters). 

Power  meter  displays  RMS  with  con- 
tinuous carrier  and  automatically  displays 
PEAK  when  driven  with  SS8  signal. 


Average  "Automatic"  tunenjp  time:  15 
seconds  or  less. 


vel: 


Tune-up  time  not  affected  by  power  le 
can  be  as  low  as  1  W  (5-10  W  preferred}. 

Power  requirements  are  115/230  VAC  5CH50 
Hz,  10  W  operating/5  W  standby;  or  13 
VDC,  1  A  operating/,5A  standby. 

Antenna  tuner  packaged  in  cabinet  17"W 
x  5V4"H  x  14"D  (Front  panel  handles  or 
rack  mount  optional  at  extra  cost.) 

Write  for  literature. 


^See  Lt$t  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  ■  October;  1981     55 


T.  7.  Marcettino  W  iBYM 
1 JBG6  Parkland  Drive 
RockvitJe  MD  2W 


The  Green  Gallon 

an  HW-101  look-alike 
(except  for  those  four  811  As) 


This  article  describes  a 
project  which  evolved 
into  a  1-kW  linear  amplifier 
The  unit  has  been  several 
months  in  the  making.  The 
effort  put  forth  in  building 
this  project  is  dedicated  to 
the  amateur  who  enjoys  the 
satisfaction  of  creating, 
building,  and  operating  his 
own  professional  equip- 
ment. 

The  parts  and  subassem- 
blies required  to  fabricate 
the  amplifier  were  obtained 
from  local  hamfests  or  were 
reluctantly  surrendered 
from  junk  boxes  by  fellow 
amateurs.  It  is  intended 
that  the  theme  of  this  arti- 


cle shall  emphasize  layout 
rather  than  circuit  design. 

The  housing  of  four 
811  As,  with  filament,  relay, 
,md  bias  supplies  into  an 
HW-101  cabinet  was  pre- 
ceded by  many  hours  of 
planning.  The  power  supply 
is  housed  in  a  separate  box 
and  connects  to  the  linear 
via  the  control  cable. 

The  Green  Gallon  linear 
amplifier  is  designed  to  be 
packaged  into  a  Heathkit® 
HW-101  cabinet,  The  new 
assembly  thereby  creates  a 
tabletop  twin  for  my  HW- 
101  transceiver. 

Prior  to  building  this  am- 
plifier, it  was  necessary  to 


send  a  shopping  list  in  the 
form  of  an  order  blank  to 
Benton  Harbor,  Michigan. 
The  Heath  Company  is  very 
accommodating  about  sell- 
ing piece  parts.  The  top  and 
bottom  cabinet  sections  for 
the  HW-101,  three  large, 
and  two  small  skirted  knobs 
were  major  items  pur 
chased  Minor  items  includ- 
ed four  rubber  feet  and  two 
plastic  risers;  all  items  add 
ed  up  to  a  cost  of  $35.00. 
Other  front-panel  parts 
such  as  the  1-1/4 "-square 
panel  meter,  rotary  band- 
switch,  and  power  on/off 
switch  were  purchased  at 
oca  I  hamfests, 


After  surveying  the  avail- 
able tubes,  the  811 A  was 
chosen  for  this  design.  The 
reasons  for  the  selection 
were  twofold:  (1)  The  tubes 
are  relatively  inexpensive 
and  readily  available,  and 
(2)  They  can  be  operated  at 
a  relatively  low  plate  volt- 
age of  1500  volts,  thereby 
making  the  power  supply 
components  less  expensive. 
The  disadvantage  of  using 
the  tube  is  that  tour  are  re- 
quired for  full  legal  input 
power. 

With  this  major  decision 
out  of  the  way,  consid- 
eration was  given  to  the 
tank -circuit    components 


Photo  A.  Front  view  of  amplifier  showing  all  controls  and     Photo  B   Back  view  of  amplifier  showing  cooling  fan  and 
taped  top  louvers.  dual  coaxial  relays. 


56     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


because  their  physical  size 
would  dictate  the  entire 
layout.  The  tuning  capaci- 
tor, a  Cardwell,  was  pur- 
chased for  $8.00,  along  with 
the  large  four-contact 
bandswitch  for  (1.00.  The 
capacitor  is  a  large  unit 
with  counterbalance  weight, 
rated  at  220  pF  at  3-kV  spac- 
ing,  The  four-position 
switch  was  part  of  a  US 
Navy  tuning  unit  and  may 
be  undesirable  to  some,  but 
it  did  not  cause  any  great 
problem  in  my  shack  be- 
cause  40  through  10  are  my 
prime  bands  of  operation 
For  different  bands,  the 
tank  could  be  modified  eas- 
ily to  suit  the  individual's 
needs.  The  output  loading 
capacitor  is  a  conventional 
broadcast  type  with  the 
three  gangs  wired  in  paral- 
lel, giving  1500  pF. 

I  constructed  the  main 
chassis  using  a  sheet  of 
3/32"  aluminum  mounted 
on  three  angled  pieces  hav- 
ing dimensions  of  1"  on  a 
side  Considerable  thought 
was  given  to  the  layout  and 
shielding  of  the  rf  input  and 
output  compartments,  As 
shown  in  the  photos,  the 
four  tubes  were  staggered 
horizontally  in  order  to  con- 
serve space, 

Orientation  of  the  811  As 
is  very  critical  due  to  their 
internal  grid-support  struc- 
ture The  tubes  must  be 
placed  with  the  grid-sup- 
port posts  aligned  atop 
each  other  to  prevent  grid 
sagging  and  possible  short- 
ing when  the  tube  is  hot 
The  ceramic  tube  sockets 
are  mounted  to  a  piece  of 
formed  sheet  aluminum. 

The  rf  input  circuit  is 
completely  enclosed,  using 
a  modified  aluminum  chas- 
sis and  perforated  alumi- 
num sheet.  A  10"  x  5"  x 
3"  standard  chassis  was  cut 
lengthwise  to  make  a  10"  x 
5"  X  1-1/2"  open  shell. 
Next,  the  bottom  side  was 
removed  so  that  a  U-shaped 
shell  remained  which  could 
be  pop-riveted  using 
L-brackets  to  the  tube  sup- 


port. Although  this  may 
sound  complicated,  it  is 
hoped  that  the  photos  re- 
veal its  simplicity. 

The  rear  of  the  amplifier 
consists  of  a  modified  chas- 
sis box  used  as  an  rf  input 
compartment  in  which  the 
811 A  tube  sockets  were 
mounted  This  chassis  is 
covered  with  a  perforated 
aluminum  shield  to  com- 
plete  the  input  enclosure. 
Input  switching  and  tuned 
cathode  circuits  were  elimi- 
nated because  of  space  lim- 
Stations.  The  decision  was 
made  knowing  full  well  the 
risk  of  increased  in  term  od- 
ulation  distortion  and  high1 
swr  between  exciter  and 
amplifier.  Prior  to  mounting 
the  rear  shield,  the  two 
Dow-Key  coaxial  relays 
were  bolted  to  it  with  spac- 
ers. 

The  6.3-V  ac4  20-Ampere 
filament  transformer  was 
mounted  toward  the  rear  of 
the  amplifier,  providing  its 
large  secondary  wires  a 
short  connection  directly  to 
the  filament  feedthroughs 
on  the  inner  side  of  the  rf 
shield.  The  feedthroughs 
were  constructed  using  #b 
machine  screws  and  nuts, 
solder  lugs,  and  insulating 
washers. 

The  bias  and  relay  power 

'"f-HsrL4,IKv 

AC   HI   I»> 
WEU  1N> 


Photo  C  Side  view  with  top  cover  removed  showing  iila 
ment  bias,  and  relay  supplies. 


transformers  with  their  as- 
sociated components  were 
mounted  directly  in  front  of 
the  filament  transformer. 
The  bias-supply  uses  a  63  V 
ac,  1-Ampere  standard  fila- 
ment transformer  in  a 
reversed  hookup,  and  feeds 
a  simple  half-wave  filtered 
section.  Components  for 
the  two  supplies  are 
mounted  to  lugged  termi- 
nal strips.  For  simplicity,  I 
pop-riveted  the  strips  to  the 
inner  final  rf  cage. 

The  front  panel  was  made 
from  a  piece  of  1/8"  alumi- 
num obtained  through  the 


courtesy  of  a  fellow  ham 

with  a  free  junk  box  at  the 
local  fest.  The  piece  was 
cut  to  14-1/2"  X  6-1/4",  and 
its  corners  were  filed  round 
to  match  the  HW-TDt's 
front  panel.  Now,  the  panel 
must  match  the  color  of  the 
101,  so  I  searched  at  the 
local  automobile  parts  out- 
let for  one  of  those  spray 
cans  of  touch-up  paint  An 
acceptable  green  was 
found  at  $1  00  a  can  (CM 
part  #DS-CM  283)  One  can 
will  supply  several  coats 
with  some  left  over.  Before 
spraying,  remove  all  grease 


out 


LI*  i  i/2*  D1A.  TT 

1%  US*  TUBING 

i.2'2  t/4"©!*,  I0T 

2  L/2*  L,  l/fi"  TUBIN6 

BFCI-20T.  #12  FC-PMVA0 
B I  FILAR    WOUND   ON 
1/2*  FERfiJTE    «QD 


Fig.  7.  1-kW  linear  amplifier 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     57 


Photo  D  Side/top  view  with  top  of  rfcage  removed  showing 
811  As  and  final  tank  circuit 


with  a  suitable  solvent  and 
then  apply  two  coats  of  a 
suitable  primer. 

Like  the  HW-101  but  un- 
like the  SB-220  or  SB-200, 
the  power  supply  is  housed 
in  a  separate  box  with  a 
power  control  cable  plus 
HV  cable  running  between 
it  and  the  amplifier.  The 
heart  of  the  power  supply  is 
the  Berkshire  6181  trans- 
former—all 30  lbs  of  it  This 
transformer  has  a  dual  pri* 
rnary  to  accommodate  120- 
or  220-V   ac    input   and   a 


single  secondary  rated  at 
1100  V  and  550  mA.  The 
unit  was  purchased  directly 
from  the  manufacturer  at  a 
cost  of  $58,00  including 
postage  and  handling. 

The  rectification  is  han- 
dled by  twelve  3-Ampere,  at 
1-kV  diodes  with  1/2-Watt 
carbon  resistors  in  parallel 
with  spike-preventing  ca- 
pacitors, A  series  of  four  ca- 
pacitors,  with  bleeder/ 
equalizing  resistors,  filters 
and  increases  the  1100  volts 
to  1540  volts.  This  level  will 


Photo  t.  Top  view  with  rf  cage  removed ',  showing  place- 
ment of  rf  tank  components  plus  power  supplies. 


drop  about  100  volts  when 
the  amplifier  is  pulling  its 
full  plate  current  of  600 
mA.  Incidentally,  I  bench- 
tested  the  power  transform- 
er  at  1100  V  with  a  1 -Am- 
pere load  with  no  apparent 
heating.  The  power  supply 
is  energized  via  a  control  re- 
lay in  the  power  supply  and 
a  power  switch  located  on 
the  amplifier's  front  panel. 
Surge  protection  for  the 


K2A 


220  HI  SIDE 

MO  HI  SIDE 


BERKSHIRE 


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K2-DPOT,  l>0V  C01L 
IQA  CONTACTS 

220   NEUTRAL 

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110  WO  SIDE 


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Fig.  2.  Power  supply. 


bridge  diodes  is  assured  by 
relay  K2,  with  its  contacts 
and  a  series  resistor  in  the 
transformer's  primary  cir- 
cuit Time  delay  is  about  six 
seconds  with  250  Ohms  and 
110  V  ac  on  the  primary. 
Sense  resistors  for  the  plate 
current  and  voltage  are  lo- 
cated in  the  bleeder-resistor 
string. 

All  metering  is  handled 
by  a  100-uA  meter.  The 
meter  function  switch  is  a 
five-position  ceramic  type 
with  the  center  position 
grounded.  This  gives  a  con- 
venient meter-disable  po- 
sition between  two  active 
positions  on  each  side.  If  a 
different  meter  movement 
is  used,  the  calibration 
resistors  will  have  to  be 
altered  accordingly.  The 
meter  face  was  re-scaled 
with  0-2  and  0  1  markings. 
The  grid  current  and  plate 
voltage  use  the  0-2  scale 
which  provide  200-mA  and 
2000-volts  full  scale  read- 
ings. The  plate  current  and 
relative  power  output  use 
the  0-1  scale,  with  1000  mA 
and  1000  Watts,  respective- 
ly. 

When  the  power  switch  is 
activated,  the  grid  bias  sup- 
ply immediately  applies 
—  125    V    ac    to   all    grids, 


58     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Photo  F.  High-voltage  power  supply  with  cables. 


thereby  cutting  off  all  plate 
current  flow  during  tube 
warm-up.  The  bias  is  con- 
trolled  by  a  12-V  relay.  K3, 
located  in  the  rf  input  en- 
closure. Notice  that  both 
sides  of  the  coil  have  rf 
chokes  and  disc  capacitors 
ahead  of  the  side  wall  feed- 
throughs.  When  the  trans- 
ceiver is  operated,  its  auxil 
iary  relay  contacts  are 
wired  so  that  a  contact  clo- 
sure to  ground  is  generated 
thereby  grounding  one  side 
of  the  bias  relay  coil  and 
the  two  coax  relays. 

Cooling  of  the  amplifier 
is  achieved  by  using  one 
miniature,  high-speed  muf- 
fin fan.  The  fan  is  mounted 
externally  on  the  rear,  fixed 
to  the  top  cover.  Direction 
of  air  flow  is  out  of  the  am- 
plifier, with  the  input  path 
controlled  To  gain  maxi- 
mum benefit  from  the  fan, 
the  louvers  were  taped 
closed  on  the  inside  of  the 
top  cover  Specifically,  the 
right  side  and  top  right  half 
were  sealed.  This  action 
forces  most  of  the  input  air 
to  be  pulled  through  the 
left-hand  louvers  into  the  rf 
output  cage,  picking  up 
heat  from  the  811  As  and 
exiting  it  through  the  oppo- 
site side  of  the  rf  cage.  The 
fan's  motor  cable  was 
equipped  with  a  male  two- 
prong  plug  for  easy  remov- 
al. Incidentally,  the  ampli- 
fier can  be  operated  with 


the  top  removed  (hence  no 
cooling)  for  short  periods  of 
time.  With  the  cover  re- 
moved, full  rf  input  and 
output  shielding  is  main- 
tained making  very  easy  the 
dummy  had  adjustments  in 
the  metering;  bias,  relay  cir- 
cuits, etc. 

Tune-up  and  placing  the 
linear  on  the  air  is  made 
quite  simple  with  the  aid  of 

the  built-in  relative-power 
meter.    After    allowing    a 

nominal  tube  warm-up  of, 
say,  15  minutes,  key  the 
transceiver  with  the  mike 
gain  at  a  minimum  setting. 
The  meter  function  switch 
should  be  placed  in  the 
plate  current  position.  In- 
crease the  mike  gain  until 
plate  current  reaches  about 
200  mA 

Do  not  keep  the  trans- 
ceiver keyed  for  periods 
longer  than  10  to  20  sec 
onds  at  a  time  due  to  the 
heat  generated  by  the 
81 1  As, 

After  a  brief  period,  turn 
the  function  switch  to  the 
relative-power  position 
while  alternately  adjusting 
the  tank  circuit  and  loading 
capacitors  to  peak  the  rela- 
tive-power output.  Now 
switch  back  to  plate  current 
and  increase  this  value  to 
about  600  mA,  which  is 
about  the  860-Watt  input 
level  with  1440  volts  on  the 
plates.  This  allows  for  an 
additional    100    Watts    of 


Photo  C  Layout  of  high-voltage  power  supply.  Rectifiers 
are  on  PC  board  mounted  between  the  filter  capacitors. 


driving  power,  keeping  the 
total  dc  input  power  slight- 
ly less  then  1  kW.  A  re* 
touch  of  the  tank  controls 
may  be  required  at  this  time 
using  the  relative-power  po- 
sition. Typical  CW  opera- 
tion on  20  meters  shows  a 
plate  current  of  600  mA 
with  a  grid  current  of  about 
40  mA. 


The  amplifier  has  been  in 
use  for  several  months  on 
both  CW  and  SSB,  Although 
the  rig  is  mostly  used  for 
CW,  its  linearity  is  accept- 
able for  SSB  operation  As 
with  all  grounded-grid  lin- 
ear amplifiers,  the  loading 
is  a  bit  critical,  but  after  you 
get  the  hang  of  it,  operating 
becomes  a  pleasure  ■ 


TO   UNEAP 


rh 


61 


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POSITIONS: 

HEL   PWH   -  fQOOW    F  % 
2.  PLATE  I  ■  1000  m  A    F  S 

3  OFF  —  GND 

4  SftlD  I*  200mA  f  S 

5  HV-ZOQOV  F* 


Fig.  3.  Meter- function  circuit 


TO   100 
REStStttt 


> 


T3 


1:, 


FROM 
PR\    OF 
T( 


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II0V  ' 

; 


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IN1Q02  it) 


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IDOO^F      f^LAY 

25  V  SUPPLY 


rh 


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"'hi  side 


■>  TO  9NP 


Fig.  4.  Bias  and  relay  supplies. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     59 


/  W  <?  W  S  .V 


ST8 


0**F 


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Performance 

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with  one  hand  and  eyes  on  the  road. 
When  off-road  the  microprocessor  con- 
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matter  how  rough  the  going. 


The  ASTRO450A  is  an  extremely 
high  quality  Transceiver  in  both  circuitry 
design  and  construction.  Emphasis  has 
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engineering  A  leading  editorial  Review 
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gear 


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MIL  grade  double  sided  plated  through 
epoxy  glass  boards  are  used  throughout 
Circuit  boards  are  interconnected  by 
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service.  No  bulky  wiring  harnesses-  The 
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The  VRS  tuning  system  employs 
knob  with  a  center  detent.  In  the  center 
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quency readout  If  the  knob  is  rotated 
clockwise  or  counterclockwise  scanning 
up  or  down  is  initiated.  The  rate  of  scan- 
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Sophisticated  Mobile 
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Cubic  mobile  antennas  for  the  nn 
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73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     61 


*■%* 


Thomas  R,  Sundstrom  W2XQ 
Box  175 
Vincentown  N}  Q8Q88 


Controlled  Chaos 

getting  the  most  out  of  state  QSO  parties 


How  would  you  like  to 
be  a  sought-after  sta- 
tion on  the  tow  bands?  How 
would  you  handle  a  pileup 
when  you,  a  stateside  sta- 
tion in  W2-  or  W4-Iand,  call 
CQ? 


Often  the  situation  *s  re- 
versed. A  rare  DX  station 
has  probably  worked  thou- 
sands of  US  stations  in  all 
50  states,  so  why  should  he 
work  another  W2#  W4,  or 
W6?  But,  once  or  twice  a 


< 


,  EL 

IftfCATE    O  F 
faVEM  E  N  T 

awarded   to 

Amateur  Radio  Station 


.V 


ft 


Ctys  crrtii 
has  submit 
nicacioo   wj 

the  thive 


ffrat    Thfnag  ft*  Simdstrr 

two  way  oonunu- 
Anuicur  ^Ladio   Stations    in 
itics  com  prat  ng  the  State  of 


The    DeUmtt        iaicur    fedio   Club    is 
very  pleased  to  prcsem^UltfuNfifcoemtioa 

ng  achievement- 

■«*ex        m2657 


of  this  oi 


ft         \ 


W43£L  hio. 

thm  I9^une  197B 


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President 


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One  of  many  certificates  available  for  participating  in 
state  QSO  parties. 

62     73  Magazine  *  October.  1981 


year,  it  can  be  your  turn  to 
be  the  hunted  and  have  the 
choice  of  all  who  call  you! 

A  control  I  ed-fun  kind  of 
chaos,  not  quite  as  intense 
as  the  worldwide  DX  con- 
tests, is  found  in  the  state 
QSO  parties.  You,  in  the 
sponsoring  state,  are  the 
station  being  sought  by  oth- 
ers. It's  especially  fun  if  you 
are  in  the  county  that  has  a 
small  radio  amateur  popu- 
lation. 

State  QSO  parties  oc- 
cupy relatively  little  spec- 
trum space.  Unlike  the  big 
DX  contests  or  Field  Day 
where  every  band  disap- 
pears under  a  barrage  of 
CQs,  the  state  QSO  parties 
tend  to  cluster  around  pre- 
announced  frequencies  in 
the  phone  and  CW  sub- 
bands  Unlike  the  big  con- 
tests, there  is  plenty  of 
room  for  those  who  choose 
not  to  contest. 

Table  1  lists  all  50  states. 
Only  32  states  have  sepa- 
rate QSO  party  contests, 
but  another  16  are  repre- 
sented in  regional  QSO  par- 
ties listed  in  Table  2  The 
data  listed  is  obviously  sub- 
ject to  change  (about  6  con- 
tests changed  weekends 
this  past  year);  detailed 
rules    are    publicized    wet! 


ahead  of  time  in  73  and 
most  other  amateur  radio 
publications. 

Weekend  Activity 

All  QSO  party  contests 

are  conducted  on  the  week- 
ends. The  data  shows  state 
and  regional  QSO  parties  in 
every  month  of  the  year  ex- 
cept April.  May  has  six  con- 
tests, September  and  March 
have  five,  and  February  has 
four.  State  QSO  parties  will 
not  compete  with  the  major 
international  and  national 
contests  such  as  CQ  World- 
wide or  ARRL  Sweepstakes. 

The  hours  of  operation 
are  usually  very  convenient 
for  those  who  have  worked 
parts  of  Saturday  or  Surn 
day.  Most  contests  do  nol 
begin  until  midday  Satur 
day,  have  a  rest  period  from 
late  Saturday  evening  tc 
late  Sunday  morning,  and 
end  around  dinner  time 
Sunday  evening.  There  are 
however,  some  contests 
that  run  the  full  48  hours 
and  some  others  that  do  nol 
have  the  Saturday  night 
Sunday  morning  rest  peri 
od,  so  be  sure  to  check. 

The  Exchange 
The   contest   exchange 


varies  from  contest  to  con- 
test Tables  1  and  2  sum- 
marize the  exchanges. 

Elements  include  a  signal 
report,  a  seriat  number, 
county,  state  or  ARRL  sec- 
tion (see  page  8  of  any 
QST)t  or  country. 

An  amateur  in  a  sponsor- 
ing state  would  send  a  sig- 
nal report  and  county,  plus 
a  serial  number  if  required. 
On  CW,  for  example,  in  the 
New  Jersey  QSO  party,  I 
would  send: 

CQ  NJ  CQ  Nj  DE  W2XQ  K 
W2XQ  DE  W2NSD/1  K 
W2NSD/1  DE  W2XQ     _ 
599010  BURLINGTON  BK 
W2XQ  DE  W2NSD/1 
599001  NH  BK 
QSL  QRZ  DE  W2XQ  K 

In  this  example,  10  is  my 
QSO  number;  for  W2N5D/1, 
it's  number  1.  Regardless  of 
band  changes,  QSO  serial 
numbers  continue  consecu- 
tively and  increment  by  one 
of  each  QSO. 

Object  of  the  Contest 

The  object  is  for  in-state 
amateurs  to  contact  as 
many  other  stations  as  pos- 
sible, with  an  emphasis  on 
out-of-state  and  DX  sta- 
tions. Not  all  contests  per- 
mit in-state-to- in-state 
QSOs.  Out-of-state  ama- 
teurs look  only  for  ama- 
teurs in  the  sponsoring 
state. 

Due  to  the  relatively  low 
number  of  stations  partici- 
pating (1 00  or  more  is  a  lot), 
a  good  deal  of  comradeship 
develops.  For  example,  in 
the  1980  New  York  QSO 
party,  six  New  York  stations 
in  six  different  counties  ran 
a  round  table  first  on  75  me- 
ters and  then  on  40  meters 
over  several  hours.  Anyone 
who  wandered  into  the 
QSO  could  work  W2TU, 
VVB2SJG,  WB2KEX,  KB2DE, 
W  B2 1 VX,  and  W  B2 1 PX  with- 
in two  minutes  flat!  During 
slow  periods,  stations  tend 
to  cluster  onto  a  few  fre- 
quencies and  call  CQ  in 
turn;  as  a  newcomer  an- 
swers, all  those  on  the  fre- 
quency can  take  turns  in 
working  the  newcomer. 


Contest  Scoring 

Most  QSO  party  contests 
are  scored  by  multiplying 
the  number  of  QSOs  times 
the  number  of  multipliers. 
For  an  in-state  contester,  a 
multiplier  is  each  different 
state,  or  ARRL  section,  and 
DX  country.  If  in-state-to-in- 
state  QSOs  are  permitted, 
then  each  county  is  also  a 
multiplier,  For  out-of-state 
contesters,  each  county 
worked  is  a  multiplier. 

Most  contests  count  mul- 
tipliers once  regardless  of 
the  number  of  bands  they 
are  worked  on. 

For  those  intending  to 
submit  a  contest  entry  to 
the  sponsoring  organiza- 
tion, you  can  see  why  a  rare 
county  is  very  popular,  es- 
pecially if  that  station 
comes  on  the  air  in  the  later 
hours  of  the  contest  and  the 
county  has  not  been  previ- 
ously heard  from.  The  out- 
of-state  stations  create  one 
pi  leu  p  and,  if  in-state  QSOs 
are  allowed,  the  stack  of 
calling  stations  grows  even 
larger  That  could  be  you  in 
that  rare  county  picking 
through  the  pileup.  It's  a 
fun  experience. 

Other  Rules 

Most  contests  permit  one 
station  to  contact  another 
station  once  per  band  per 
mode.  Continuing  with  the 
example  above,  W2NSD/1 
and  I  could  work  each  other 
on  phone  and  CW  on  each 
band  from  160  to  10  meters 
for  a  total  of  12  QSOs.  For 
multipliers,  however,  I  can 
count  New  Hampshire  only 
once;  W2NSD/1  could 
count  Burlington  county 
only  once, 

Florida's  QSO  party  is 
one  notable  exception  to 
this.  The  phone  and  CW  en- 
tries are  compiled  separate- 
ly; the  scores  are  not  added 
together  if  one  station  sub- 
mits two  logs. 

Another  standard  rule  is 
that  the  same  in-state  sta- 
tion may  be  worked  more 
than  once  per  band  per 
mode  if  the  in-state  station 
changes    counties.    For   ex- 


State 

Month 

Hum 

Alabama* 

Alaska" 

Arizona* 

Arkansas* 

California 

October 

1 

Colorado* 

Connecticut 

December 

1 

Delaware 

November 

2 

District  of 

Columbia 

September 

3 

Florida* 

May 

3 

Georgia* 

May 

2 

Hawaii 

Idaho* 

Illinois* 

August 

1 

Indiana* 

Iowa* 

Kansas 

May 

3 

Kentucky* 

September 

3 

Louisiana* 

Maine 

July 

3 

Maryland 

September 

3 

Massachusetts 

May 

3 

Michigan 

May 

3 

Minnesota* 

June 

1 

Mississippi* 

Missouri* 

November 

3 

Montana* 

October 

2 

Nebraska* 

March 

2 

Nevada* 

New  Hampshire 

February 

2 

New  Jersey* 

August 

3 

New  Mexico* 

New  York* 

May 

1 

North  Carolina* 

December 

1 

North  Dakota* 

March 

4 

Ohio 

August 

4 

Oklahoma 

Oregon* 

Pennsyfvania 

September 

3 

Rhode  fsfand 

August 

3 

South  Carolina* 

February 

1 

South  Dakota* 

Tennessee* 

March 

4 

Texas 

January 

4 

Utah* 

Vermont 

February 

4 

Virginia* 

Marcfi 

2 

Washington* 

September 

3 

West  Virginia 

January 

3 

Wisconsin* 

March 

4 

Wyoming* 

Out-of-state 

Serial 

con  testers  send 

Weekend 

Number 

ARRL 

Number 

Required 

State      Section 

X 
X 

X 

X 


x 

X 
X 


X 

X 

X 
X 


X 
X 
X 
X 


X 
X 


X 
X 


X 
X 
X 

X 
X 
X 

X 
X 

X 

x 

X 
X 


X 
X 

X 
X 


X 
X 
X 
X 


X 
X 


Table  1,  State  QSO  parties.  All  amateurs  send  a  signal 
report  and  amateurs  in  the  sponsoring  state  send  the 
county.  *Some  states  have  both  individual  and 
regional  or  district  QSO  party  contests  — see  Table  2. 


ample,  in  the  1979  New  Jer- 
sey QSO  party,  K2NJ/mo- 
bile  operated  on  40  CW 
from  all  21  counties  in  the 
course  of  the  weekend;  an 
out-of-state  station  could 
have  worked  K2NI  21 
times.  In  the  1980  Florida 
QSO  party,  I  managed  to 
work  WD4INQ/mobile  on 
20  CW  in  six  of  the  more- 
than-20  counties  he  ran 
through. 


Operating  Strategies 

For  those  wishing  to  sub- 
mit contest  entries,  a  high 
QSGs-per-hour  rate  is  desir- 
able, without  forgetting 
about  multipliers,  Some 
contests  also  award  2  or  3 
points  per  CW  QSO,  but  on- 
ly 1  point  for  phone;  others 
award  2  or  3  points  per  DX 
QSO.  Given  those  factors, 
time  is  probably  most  effec- 
tively spent  on  20,  40,  or 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     63 


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80/75  meters.  With  a  de- 
cline in  the  MUF,  10  and  15 
probably  won't  be  as  profit- 
able in  the  QSO  rate. 

The  frequencies  used  in 
the  QSO  parties  generally 
are  in  the  sections  of  the 
bands  where  General  t  lass 
licensees  are  permitted. 
Some  of  the  larger  contests 
also  specify  frequencies  in 
the  Novice  bands  for  Nov- 
ice/Technician participants 
and  allow  5  points  per  QSO 


to  encourage  participation. 
Obviously,  the  choice  of 
bands  will  depend  upon  the 
distance  between  the  spon- 
soring state(s)  and  the  out- 
of-state  participant  and  the 
time  of  day.  The  season  al- 
so will  have  some  bearing 
on  the  choice.  For  example, 
the  1980  Florida  QSO  party 
was  held  in  May,  and  that 
weekend  had  very  high  stat- 
ic levels,  rendering  40  and 
80/75  meters  useless  for  me 


in  New  Jersey;  most  of  my 
operating  time  was  spent 
on  20  CW  In  the  1979  New 
l^rsey  QSO  party,  40  me- 
ters gave  me  the  highest 
QSOs-per-hour  rate,  but  20 
meters  gave  me  the  most 
multipliers  in  other  states 
and  countries. 

Many  more  stations 
seem  to  be  around  at  the 
beginning  of  a  contest  than 
at  the  end.  As  a  strategy,  I 
suggest  picking  a  band  and 
mode  to  work  on  multipli- 
ers and  pick  up  the  distant 
states  early  in  the  contest, 
then  pick  up  the  nearby  sta 
tions  on  the  lower  bands 
later. 

It  should  be  emphasized 
that  power  amplifiers  and 
large  antennas  are  not  al- 
ways necessary  to  'play  the 
game  "  Properly  construct- 
ed wire  antennas  or  verti- 
cals and  a  barefoot  trans- 
ceiver can  be  competitive. 
Don't  forget  that  most  sta- 
tions only  have  wire  anten- 
nas on  40  and  80/75  meters, 
and  compared  to  20  are 
great  equalizers.  The  large 
antennas  and  amplifiers 
probably  help  in  marginal 
conditions,  but  then  you 
are  probably  better  off  on  a 
lower  band  with  a  higher 
QSO  rate  anyway, 

In  Closing 

Some  of  the  contest 
sponsors  have  a  number  of 
good  ideas  I'd  like  to  see 
others  adopt.  More  con- 
tests should  encourage  par- 
ticipation by  Novices  and 
Technicians.  Most  sponsors 
award  certificates  to  first- 


Out-of-state/ 

region 

contesters 

Serial 

send: 

Call  area  or 

Weekend 

Number 

ARRL 

ARRL  division 

Month 

Number 

Required 

State 

Section 

2nd  call  area 

February 

2 

X 

4th  call  area 

August 

4 

X 

X 

7th  call  area 

July 

1 

X 

X 

9th  call  area 

October 

2 

X 

9  call  area 

January 

1 

X 

Delta  <AR,  LA.  MS.  TN) 

September 

4 

X 

X 

Rocky  Mountain 

(CO,  NM,  UTf  WY) 

May 

2 

X 

Table   2.    Regional   QSO  parties.  All  amateurs  send  a  signal  report  and  amateurs  in 
the  sponsoring  states  send  the  county. 


place  finishers  in  each 
county  and  state,  section  or 
country,  but  some  combine 
multi-operator  entries  with 
single-operator  entries. 
That's  not  really  fair  to  the 
single  operators,  and  sepa- 
rate awards  should  be 
given. 

Another  "nice"  idea  used 
by  the  Tennessee  QSO  par- 
ty sponsors  is  sending  a  re- 
minder message  about  the 
upcoming  QSO  party  to 
each  participant  of  the  pre- 
vious  year's  contest,  A  book 
of  messages  is  put  into  the 
ARRL  National  Traffic  Sys 
tern  timed  to  be  delivered 
about  a  month  before  the 
upcoming  contest.  The 
Florida  sponsors  also  use 
the  ARRL  NTS  to  send  the 
book  of  messages  acknowl- 
edging receipt  of  contest 
entries. 

In  most  cases,  an  entry 
consists  of  nothing  more 
than  sending  a  photocopy 
of  your  logbook,  as  long  as 
all  the  required  data  is  re- 
corded. Attach  a  summary 
sheet  showing  the  calcula- 
tion of  the  score,  your 
name,  call,  and  address. 
Most  sponsors  also  require 
a  checksheet  if  more  than 
100  QSOs  are  made,  to  en- 
sure that  duplicate  QSOs 
have  been  eliminated  from 
the  score  calculation, 

As  a  general  rule,  it  also 
is  suggested  that  you  send 
along  a  No.  10  business-size 
SASE  for  contest  results 
and  your  certificate,  if  you 
qualify. 

If  you  don't  feel  like  sub- 
mitting an  entry,  that's  OK, 
too.  Just  come  in  for  the  fun 
of  it.  If  you  are  in  the  spon 
soring  state,  your  participa- 
tion—even if  for  10  or  15 
minutes— will  be  appreci 
ated.  Figure  out  what  the 
contest  exchange  is  and 
jump  in  for  a  few  minut 
whenever  you  have  the 
time  at  the  beginning,  mid- 
die,  or  end  of  the  QSO  par- 
ty. QSO  party  contesters 
and  county  hunters  will  ap- 
preciate it 

See  you  in  the  New  Jer- 
sey QSO  party!  ■ 


64    73  Magazine  ■  October.  1981 


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73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     65 


Karl  J.  ThurherjL  WBFX 
31 7  Poplar  Drive 
Miltbrook  At  36054 


The  General  Electric 
Programmable  Clock  Radio 

sweet  dreams  for  the  broadcast  DXer 


What  you  say,  a  mere 
clock  radio  reviewed 
in  the  pages  of  one  of  Amer- 
ica's foremost  communica- 
tions magazines?  Yes,  since 
CE's  intriguing,  frequency- 
synthesized  Model  7-4885, 
creatively    dubbed    the 

"Great  Awakening"  by  the 
manufacturer,  represents  a 
very  positive  step  in  filling  a 
need:  that  of  a  bedside 
communications  receiver 
with  a  built-in  clock  func- 
tion. As  an  avid   hobbyist 


who's  a  "softie"  for  any- 
thing programmable  and 
digital,  I  knew  I  had  to  have 
one  of  these  gems  when  the 
ads  first  appeared. 

A  few  communications- 
quality  receivers  boast 
clock  features.  For  exam- 
ple, a  number  of  the  fine 
1950s  and  1960s-vmtage 
Hammariund  receivers  had 
built-in  clocks,  and  recent 
offerings  such  as  the  Yaesu 
FRC-ZOOO,  FRG-7700,  and 
Kenwood    R-1000   all    con- 


tain  digital  clocks  which 
provide  some  degree  of  re- 
ceiver and  accessory  con- 
trol, such  as  turning  on  the 
receiver,  and  an  external 
tape  recorder  for  unattend- 
ed, late-night  DX  recording. 
To  date,  however,  the  au- 
■  thor  isn't  aware  of  any  com- 
munications receiver  that's 
also  a  true  clock  radio  suit- 
able  for  bedroom  use.  But 
the  GE  offering  comes  very, 
very  close,  and  should  be  of 
definite    interest    to    the 


Genera/  Electric  programmable  clock  radio  features  precision  and  convenience  not  usually 
found  in  consumer-electronics  products.  Microprocessor-based  circuitry  affords  direct 
keyboard  entry  of  time  and  radio  frequency,  memory  for  six  radio  stations,  multiple 
sleep/wake-up  settability,  and  fluorescent  digital  display  of  AM/FM  frequency  and  time, 
(Photo  courtesy  General  Electric  Company) 

66     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


sophisticated  AM  broad- 
cast band  (BCB)  DXer  and 
FM-skip  listener;  as  well  as 
to  the  ham  who  would  like 
to  own  a  clock  radio  that's 
got  practically  every  imag- 
inable feature. 

The  Model  7-4885  re- 
places an  earlier,  but  little 
known  GE  programmable 
unit  that  has  been  around 
since  about  1977,  the  mod- 
el 7-4880.  The  earlier  set 
was  similar,  but  was  chan 
nelized  to  accommodate 
only  the  present  10kHz  AM 
BCB  channel  splits.  Tht: 
newer  version,  in  addition 
to  incorporating  more  com- 
plex microprocessor-con 
trol  circuitry,  allows  the 
user  to  instantly  adapt  the 
set  for  the  possible  adop- 
tion of  9-kHz  channel  spac 
ings  by  the  FCC  in  the  not 
too-distant  future  (more  or 
this  later).  In  a  nutshell,  the 
new  GE  radio  is  a  dream  tc 
program  and  operate,  and  i1 
especially  appeals  to  in 
dividuals  such  as  myseh 
who  are  fascinated  by  mi 
croprocessor-controlted  ra 
dio  equipment. 

The  most  prominent  fea 
ture  of  the  CE  radio  is  ar 
easy-to-use   calculator-type 


touch  keyboard  used  to 
program  the  digital  time- 
keeping functions  and  fre- 
quency readouts  for  AM 
and  FM  tuning;  there  is  no 
tuning  knob  to  be  found. 
Other  features  include  di- 
rect digital  readout  of  AM 
and  FM  frequencies,  up- 
down  scanning  (search)  of 
both  AM  and  FM  bands,  di- 
rect keyboard  entry  of  ex- 
act time  and  PLL-controIled 
radio  station  frequency,  six 
programmable  channel 
memories,  two  separately 
programmable  memory 
"wake-up"  circuits,  auto- 
matic panel  brightness  con- 
trol, and  dual  audible  and 
visible  power  failure  indica- 
tions. 

Essentially,  the  CE  set 
does  everything  a  conven- 
tional clock  radio  does, 
plus  a  lot  more,  It  boasts 
some  unusually  sophisticat- 
ed "fun"  features  including 
provisions  for  going  to 
sleep  listening  to  one  radio 
station  and  waking  up  to 
another,  having  "his" 
wakeup  alarm  set  to  a  cer- 
tain time  and  station  and 
"hers"  to  another  time  and 
station,  punching-in  your 
own  desired  interval  be- 
tween the  wake-up  start  of 
music  and  the  time  the 
alarm  jolts  you  to  con- 
sciousness, and  the  ability 
to  program  the  "snooze  in- 
terval." 

An  even  more  important 
feature  is  that  once  set,  all 
these  complicated  func- 
tions are  retained,  even 
through  a  power  failure. 
Two  user-supplied,  stan- 
dard 9-volt  transistor-radio- 
type  alkaline  batteries  pro- 
vide power  for  the  memory- 
holding  system.  This  allows 
the  radio  to  be  unplugged 
and  moved  around  yet  keep 
track  of  time  and  maintain 
programmed  radio  stations 
and  alarm  times.  Hold  time 
is  good  for  up  to  8  hours  us- 
ing fresh  batteries,  accord- 
ing to  the  manufacturer. 
Should  the  batteries  fail, 
the  automatic  power  fail- 
ure indicators  will  come  on- 


line when  power  is  restored, 
helping  to  prevent  a  late 
wakeup. 

Although  this  is  a  sophis- 
ticated consumer-oriented 
radio  rather  than  a  true 
communications  receiver, 
there  obviously  was  some 
thought  given  in  the  design 
to  more  than  casual  use. 
For  example,  there  is  provi- 
sion for  an  outside  FM  an- 
tenna for  reception  in  fringe 
areas,  as  well  as  a  ground 
connection.  However,  there 
is  no  provision  for  connect- 
ing an  outside  AM  antenna, 
though  this  probably  could 
be  done  by  inductive  cou- 
pling to  the  set's  internal 
antenna.  A  rear-apron  head- 
phone jack  is  provided,  a 
real  convenience  for  late- 
night  DXing,  Selectivity, 
especially  on  the  AM  band, 
is  particularly  good,  with 
stations  standing  out  with 
little  or  no  apparent 
crosstalk  when  the  radio  is 
scanned  (stepped)  through 
the  band  in  the  prepro- 
grammed 10kHz  intervals. 
Selectivity  is  better  than  is 
presently  required  since  the 
radio  is  designed  to  accom- 
modate the  narrower  9-kHz 
spacing  mentioned  earlier, 
which  would  place  an  add- 
ed demand  on  good  chan- 
nel separation  and  "9-kHz 
whistle"  suppression.  A 
slight  bit  of  RFI  from  the 
microcomputer  circuit  was 
noticeable,  especially  when 
scanning  through  quiet 
channels,  though  it  was  not 
objectionable. 

Perhaps  the  most  for- 
ward-looking feature  Is  the 
user-selectable  9/10-kHz 
channelization.  By  sliding  a 
small,  screwdriver-accessi- 
ble switch  on  the  cabinet 
bottom,  the  user  can  adapt 
the  radio  to  the  possible 
new  standard  broadcast 
format.  Doing  so  will  alter 
the  spacing  increment  as 
the  radio  is  electronically 
scanned  or  frequencies  pro- 
grammed in,  from  the  usual 
run  of  frequencies  from  530 
to  1610  kHz,  to  531  to  1611 
kHz.  Under  the  existing  al- 


locations, all  AM  stations  in 
the  US  (and  most  of  North 
and  South  America,  but  not 
the  rest  of  the  world)  cur- 
rently broadcast  on  fre- 
quencies with  10-kHz  spac- 
ing, such  as  540,  550,  560, 
570,  and  580  kHz,  and  so 
on.  Under  the  proposed 
new  arrangement  using 
9-kHz  spacing,  stations 
would  operate  on  frequen- 
cies such  as  540,  549,  558, 
567,  and  576  kHz,  etc. 

The  compressed  chan- 
nelization scheme  could  al- 
low as  many  as  1400  new 
stations  to  operate  on  the 
standard  broadcast  band,  in 
addition  to  the  4000-odd 
now  operating.  However, 
many  of  the  450  million  ra- 
dios now  in  homes  across 
the  country  would  be  ren- 
dered at  least  partially  ob- 
solete since  their  selectivity 
would  be  inadequate  to 
handle  the  narrowed  spac- 
ing. Many  station  owners 
claim  that  they  would  have 
to  spend  huge  sums  to  re- 
tool their  equipment  for  the 
new  standards.  Interesting- 
ly, the  proposed  change  by 
the  US  may  be  welcomed 
by  many  foreign  govern- 
ments, particularly  if  other 
nations  in  the  hemisphere 
go  along,  since  we  are  now 
"at  odds"  with  the  9-kHz 
spacing  used  in  most  other 
areas  of  the  world.  This 
disparity  results  in  annoy- 
ing inter-station  heterodyn- 
ing and  beating,  being  most 
noticeable  in  coastal  areas 
where  transoceanic  medi- 
um wave  (MW)  signals  are 
most  frequently  received. 

Living  some  distance 
from  both  the  east  and  west 
coasts,  I  didn't  try  this,  but 
the  intrepid  MW  listener 
might  want  to  experiment 
using  the  radio  in  the  9-kHz 
mode  to  try  to  snag  over- 
seas stations  operating  on 
what  are  presently  odd-split 
channels  to  us  in  the  US. 
For  example,  the  radio 
would  be  a  natural  to  at- 
tempt to  receive  such  DX 
catches  as  the  1.5  mega- 
watt, 657-kHz  station  at 
Kangnam,  North  Korea,  the 


135-kW,  666-kHz  outlet  in 
Lisbon,  Portugal,  Japan's 
500-kW  powerhouses  on 
747  and  774  kHz,  Istanbul's 
1.2  megawatt  station  on 
1017  kHz;  or  the  West  Ger- 
man 800-kW  outlet  on  1593 
kHz.  The  set's  stability  and 
sensitivity  [although  not 
measured  by  the  author) 
were  found  to  be  quite  ac- 
ceptable and  thus  suitable 
for  this  kind  of  uncommon 
bedside  DXing,  No  spurious 
signals  could  be  detected 
on  either  the  AM  or  FM 
bands.  Apparently,  GE's 
engineers  thought  the  set 
might  see  double-duty  as  a 
DXer's  bedside  machine, 
since  the  radio's  instruc- 
tions even  recommend  that 
the  user  refer  to  White's 
Radio  Log,  a  periodically- 
updated  listing  of  all  Cana- 
dian and  US  stations  refer- 
enced by  location,  frequen- 
cy, and  call  letters.  The  log 
is  published  as  a  part  of 
Communications  World 
magazine,  a  Davis  annual. 

The  next  and  perhaps  in- 
evitable step  is  for  GE  or 
another  enterprising  manu- 
facturer to  crossbreed  the 
programmable  clock  radio 
with  a  scanning  program- 
mable portable  of  the  Sony 
ICF-2001  class  for  digital 
bedside  shortwave  and 
ham-band  listening  and 
wake-up,  That  step  surely 
isn't  far  away.  In  the  mean- 
time, one  can  have  a  great 
deal  of  pleasure  playing 
with  GE's  flexible  and  func- 
tional programmable,  avail- 
able at  discount-stores  for 
under  $90,  The  radio  will 
also  make  an  excellent  gift 
for  the  inveterate  gadget- 
eer  or  BCB  DXer,  since  the 
radio  lets  him  both  start 
and  end  his  day  with  his 
favorite  hobby. 

Only  one  problem  re- 
mains: How  do  I  convince 
my  wife  to  study  the  not- 
too-complex  instruction 
manual  and  remove  her 
wind-up  alarm  clock  from 
atop  the  radio?  After  all, 
I've  offered  her  the  use  of 
the  Number  2  "hers" 
alarm.  ■ 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     67 


MICROLOG 


T 


• 


llANVO 


We  proudly  announce  our 
Amateur  Communications  Ter- 
minal, the  ACT-1.  It's  the  best 
value  in  the  Amateur  Radio 
market  for  your  RTTY/CW  re- 
quirements. Check  the  combina- 
tion of  features  and  proven 
MICROLOG  quality.  You'll  agree, 
the  ACT-1  is  a  "Tough  ACT  to 
follow."  MicrologCorp.  4  Pro- 
fessional Dr.  Suite  119,  Gaithers- 
burg,  MD  20760,  Tel.  301-948-5307 
Telex  908778. 

Sales  through  your  local  dealer 


MICROLOG 


.-51 


•  SIMPLE  DIRECT  CONNECTION  to  your 
Transceiver.  •  COMPLETE  SYSTEM,  built-in 
Demodulator  &  AFSK  Modulator  with  key- 
board programmable  tone  pairs  from  500  to 
3000  Hz.  •  SPLIT-SCREEN  operation  with 
keyboard  selectable  line  location  •  1400 
character  text  buffer.  •  TEN,  40  CHAR,  pro- 
grammable message  memories,  plus  ID'S 
WRU  &  SELCALs.  •  RANDOM  CODE  gener- 
ator &  hand  key  input  for  practice.  •  Baudot 
60  to  132  WPM.  •  ASCII  110  &  300  baud. 

•  SYNC-LOCK  &  NON  standard  speed  ASCII 
operation  from  1 0  to  200  baud,  (slow  speed  = 
noise  immunity).  •  RECORDER  INTERFACE 
for  "BRAG-TAPE"  or  recording  off-the-air. 

•  CODE  CONVERTED  Printer  output  in 
Baudot  or  ASCII.  •  SSTV/GRAPHICS  transmit. 

•  FULL  63  KEY  Computer  grade  keyboard. 


INNOVATORS  IN  DIGITAL  COMMUNICATION 


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You  knew  we  could  do  it! 

The  innovation  leader  in  digital  communications 

presents  the  ACT-1  Specifications: 


INPUTS:  Receiver  audio  right  off  the  speaker  ter- 
minals, TTL  levels,  or  hand  key, 

OUTPUTS  TO  TRANSCEIVER:  Positive  &  negative 
switching  for  CW  or  FSK  keying,  AFSK  &  SSTV 
tones  at  mic  compatible  levels,  T/R  (PTT)  control. 

PRINTER  OUTPUT:  Serial  TTL  selectable  Baudot 
or  ASCII  (Code  converted,  regardless  of  on-the- 
air  mode).  Keyboard  command  on/off, 

PRINTER  FORMAT:  Keyboard  programmable  from 
40  to  140  characters  per  line. 

VIDEO  OUTPUT:  Standard  1  Volt  P-P  to  monitor 
Dr  video   modulator   for   use   with    your   television. 

SCOPE  OUTPUT:  Vert.  &  Horiz.  to  scope  for  RTTY 
tuning  aid. 

BRAG  TAPE:  Allows  recording  off-the-air  or  for 
making  a  long  pre-recorded  message  for  later  trans- 
mission* Keyboard  control  record/play. 

MEMORIES:  TEN,  40  character  user  programmable. 
Can  be  stacked  for  longer  than  40  char  message.  Can 
je  loaded  at  any  time. 

TEXT  BUFFER:  Allows  you  to  "Type-Ahead"  up  to 
1400  characters  while  receiving  (Text  entered  into 
the  buffer  is  visible  above  the  SPLIT-SCREEN  line 
For  correction), 

AUTOSTART:  Inhibits  the  display  of  non^RTTY 
Jata. 

tflDEO  DISPLAY  VARIATIONS;  Black  letters  on 
white  background  or  reversed  white  on  black.  NOR- 
MAL/ZOOM (twice  normal  char.  size).  All  keyboard 
selectable.  40  Characters  -  24  Lines. 

TUNING  INDICATORS:  Scope  output  for  RTTY, 
\udio  (pitch)  reference  tone  for  CW  &  RTTY.  LED 
:or  both. 

JSTV  TRANSMIT:  Outputs  standard  tones  for 
;ending  character  and  computer  graphics.  Compose 
ull  screen  and  XMT  just  as  in  RTTY. 

JSTV  FORMAT:  Three  rows  of  six  letters  white  on 
>laek,  or  black  on  white. 

N  R  U  (who  are  you?):  Automatically  responds  with 
;all  sign  whenever  a  user  programmable  sequence  up 
o  15  characters  is  received. 

:ULL  SPEED  OPERATION :  Morse  -  5  to  199  WPM, 
iaudot  -  60,  66,  75,  100,  132  WPM,  STD  ASCII  - 
10  &  300  baud,  NON STD  ASCII  -  from  10  to  200 
iaud. 

10RSE   SPEED   TRACKING:  Automatic  or  speed 
x;k. 


SELCAL:  Two,  15  character  user  programmable 
sequences.  Receipt  of  SELCAL  #1  enables  the  printer 
and  outputs  a  TTL  level.  Receipt  of  SELCAL  #2 
disables  the  printer  and  drops  the  TTL  level  for  un- 
attended message  store  (mailbox). 

TEST  MESSAGES:  Quick  Brown  Fox  and  RYRY's 
in  Baudot,  U*U*  in  ASCII,  VVV  in  Morse. 

SYNC:  Transmits  "Blank-Fill"  in  RTTY  and  BT 
in  Morse  when  Text  Buffer  is  empty  and  unit  is  in 
transmit.  Keyboard  command  on/off, 

T/R  (PTT):  Fully  automatic  control  of  your  XMTR 
via  the  Push-to-Talk  line  in   both    RTTY  &   Morse. 

UN-SHIFT  on  Spare:  Automatically  shifts  back  to 
"LETTERS"  upon  receipt  or  transmission  of  space. 
Keyboard  command  on/off* 

OUTPUT  MODES;  CHAR.  -  outputs  each  character 
as  typed.  WORD  -  outputs  full  word  when  spacebar 
is  typed.  LINE  -  outputs  full  line  when  carriage  return 
is  typed.  BUFFER  -  outputs  full  buffer  (up  to  1400 
char)  On  command, 

REAL-TIME  CLOCK:  Keyboard  set,  always  on 
screen  display,  hours,  minutes,  seconds.  Can  also  be  in- 
serted in  transmit  text  buffer  by  keyboard  command. 

WORD  WRAP  AROUND:  Prevents  splitting  words  at 
the  end  of  a  line.  Works  in  receive  as  well  as  transmit. 

DETECTION  CIRCUIT -MORSE:  Single  tone  Phase 
Correlation  detector  AGC,  and  100  Hz  wide  bandpass 
filter  tuned  to  800  Hz  center  frequency, 

DEMODULATOR  -  RTTY:  Dual  tone  computer  en 
hanced   circuit.   Keyboard  selectable  tone  pair,  HI  - 
2125/2295  Hz.  LO  -  800/970  Hz.  (Can  be  preset  500 
to  3000  Hz.}    Directly  compatible  with  Bell  103  tone 
pairs  for  access  to  remote  time  sharing  computers. 

CODE  PRACTICE:  Random  5  char  generator  sends 
at  any  speed  you  set  via  the  keyboard.  Hand-Key  in- 
put allows  use  as  a  code  practice  oscillator  that  will 
also  read  your  sending! 

KEYBOARD  DIMENSIONS;  17.8  x  3  x  9.5  inches; 
weight,  7  lbs. 

STATUS  DISPLAY  can  be  called  up  to  show  the  con- 
dition and  control  commands  for  20  programmable 
parameters,  such  as  AFSK  tone  freqs,  UN  OS,  printer 
etc.  Useful  as  a  "HELP"  command  in  case  you  mis- 
place  the  manual.  There's  also  a  constant  'TOP-LINE" 
display  of  Time,  Mode,  Speed,  &  Code  in  use. 

CW  ID  &  Normal  ID:  Two  independent  16  character 
memories  for  either  2  calls  or  one  normal  and  one 
with  AUTO-CW  ID  for  RTTY. 


MICROLOG 


Propagation  Prophecy 

you,  too,  can  calculate  the  MUF 


Keith  Grerner  AKQQ 
421  N.  Pleasant  Hill  Blvd. 
Des  Moines  I A  503 1 7 


One  of  the  most  fasci- 
nating attractions  of 
HF  communication  is  the 
idea  that  a  movement  of 
miniature  electrons  which 
we  never  see  produces  an 
invisible  signal  which 
travels    up    into    the    sky, 


bounces  off  some  atoms  at 
a  height  most  of  us  could 
never  hope  to  reach  in  an 
airplane,  and  then  returns 
to  a  friendly  ear  in  a  distant 
land.  Our  voices,  our  mes- 
sages, can  arrive  almost  in- 
stantaneously, at  almost 
any  place  in  this  giant 
world.  Indeed,  if  conditions 
are  right,  it  is  possible  that 
they  could  make  their  way 
to  many  distant  and  exotic 


Recommended      Calculated        Signal 
Amateur  Band       MUF  in  MHz      Destination 


40 

10 

New  Orleans 

20 

17 

Merida,  Mexico,  Guatemala,  or 
British  Honduras 

15 

25 

Panama 

15 

25 

Maranon  River,  northern  Peru 

10 

32 

Lima,  Peru 

10 

30 

Caldera,  Chile 

10 

33 

Buenos  Aires,  Argentina 

10 

29 

Straits  of  Magellan 

15 

22 

Antarctica 

15 

21 

Antarctica  (a  little  deeper  into 
the  continent) 

Table  1.  MUfs  for  a  southern  path  from  Des  Moines  I  A, 
September,  0000  UTQ  solar  flux  154.6. 


lands  at  the  same  instant. 
Then,  the  real  fascination 
comes  when  we  receive  a 
return  message. 

This  radio  skip  is  a  natu- 
ral and  yet  unseen  wonder 
of  our  world  which  has 
been  the  backbone  of  our 
worldwide  communica- 
tions. Without  itr  all  fre- 
quencies would  act  much 
like  VHF  The  long-distance 
communications  which 
have  saved  millions  of  lives 
in  various  world  catastro- 
phies  never  would  have 
been  possible.  Who  knows, 
satellites  might  have  been 
invented  sooner,  and  may- 
be even  eleven  meters 
might  be  a  little  more  sub- 
dued. 

But  try  to  predict  where 
your  signal  is  going  to  land, 
and  what  shape  it's  going  to 
be  in  when  it  gets  there,  and 
you  have  a  fascinating 
problem. 


When  I  first  became  in- 
terested in  this  propagation 
of  our  radio  waves,  I  sought 
some  practical  knowledge  I 
could  use  to  make  a  reason- 
able prediction,  based  on 
all  the  information  avail- 
able on  a  given  day.  That 
was  about  15  years  ago. 
Then,  as  now,  the  major 
source  of  information,  The 
Radio  Amateur's  Hand- 
book, advised  you  to  listen 
to  the  ARRL's  predictions 
and  explained  that  the  top- 
ic is  so  complex  that  it  can- 
not be  covered  in  just  a  few 
pages  I  found  out  that  that 
just  isn't  so  and  will  show 
you  what  I  discovered  in 
the  next  few  pages 

One  of  the  major  pieces 
of  advice  one  gets  from 
reading  the  Handbook  is 
that  propagation  is  depen- 
dent on  the  daily  solar  flux 
indexes  broadcast  by 
WWV.  Unfortunately,  after 
they  tell  you  that  you 
should  watch  the  flux,  they 


70     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


don't  tell  you  how  you  can 
use  that  value  to  substan- 
tially improve  the  monthly 
predictions  published  in 
QST  and  other  magazines. 

Perhaps  you  have  won- 
dered, as  I  have,  just  what  it 
means  when  the  WWV  an- 
nouncers say  that  today's 
solar  flux  is  210,  and  yester- 
day they  said  it  was  an  even 
200.  Can  I  use  this  figure  to 
improve  my  estimate  of  the 
day  and  hour  10  meters  will 
become  useless?  Can  I  use 
this  to  help  aim  my  beam  in 
the  right  direction  to  add 
excitement  to  an  evening  at 
the  dial?  Can  I  use  it  to  help 
me  find  the  best  circuit  to 
talk  to  that  YL  in  Moscow, 
Idaho? 

As  you've  probably 
guessed  by  now,  I  intend  to 
show  that  predictions  of 
communications  circuits  to 
almost  any  place  in  the 
world,  short  distance  or 
long  distance,  are  about  as 
complex  as  getting  a  solid 
contact  with  the  ham  down 
the  street  when  you  both 
are  using  a  kilowatt  Frank- 
ly,  if  you  can  tune  your 
transceiver,  you  can  predict 
a  communications  circuit 
MUF  (maximum  usable  fre- 
quency) from  your  shack  to 
any  place  in  the  world,  for 
any  day  and  any  hour  of 
any  month  of  any  year. 

The  first  step  you II  want 
to  take,  besides  reading  this 
article,  will  be  to  go  back  to 
the  Handbook  to  review 
some  of  the  basic  terminol- 
ogy. You'll  want  to  know 
that  the  D  layer  of  the  iono- 
sphere is  the  primary  ab- 
sorber of  energy,  while  the 
E  and  F  layers  provide  the 
skip,  The  E  layer,  which  is 
the  lower  of  the  two  "skip- 
pers," provides  communi- 
cation links  over  short  hops, 
while  the  higher  F  layer  pro- 
vides the  major  long-dis- 
tance skip  opportunities. 

During  the  day,  the  F 
layer  splits  into  the  F,  and 
F2  layers,  and  the  F2  layer 
becomes  the  primary  pro- 
vider of  long-distance  com- 


1980 


0 

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2 

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3 

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tion  of 
ximum  ta 

2 

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5     3 

5  3 

as   *o 

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3 

3     cc 

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3      (Q 

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0) 

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o  o 

O    O 

W     P 

s 

Q. 

a. 

< 

<  m 

<  u. 

<  W 

<  <n 

a.  < 

D.   < 

Jan 

157 

200 

231,7 

21 7,9 

200.5 

174.4 

153.4 

15.6% 

23.5% 

Feb 

159 

202 

201.2 

175.2 

169.5 

161.9 

139.3 

18.7 

17.8 

Mar 

160 

203 

249,9 

237.3 

187.2 

162.5 

137.3 

33,5 

26.7 

Apr 

156 

199 

223.1 

211.1 

201.4 

191.9 

185.9 

10.8 

7.7 

May 

152 

195 

292.8 

264,6 

200.6 

181.4 

165.7 

46.0 

17.4 

Jun 

145 

190 

2515 

223.1 

188.8 

155.1 

146,7 

33.3 

22.3 

Jul 

142 

187 

258,0 

235.2 

188.4 

14Z8 

130.9 

36.9 

30,5 

Aug 

143 

188 

232.1 

207,6 

191.9 

173,0 

153,8 

20.9 

19.9 

Sep 

142 

187 

253,3 

205,4 

182.9 

167,7 

153,8 

38.5 

15.9 

Oct 

144 

189 

273.9 

255,4 

214.9 

196.1 

177.2 

44.9 

6,7 

Nov 

143 

188 

253,2 

206.1 

185.9 

1 72.4 

161.6 

347 

16,3 

Dec 

146 

190 

273.0 

231.5 

209.9 

164.6 

153.9 

43.7 

23.5 

0000  UTC  WWV 

Solar  flux, 

September, 

1980, 

includ 

ling  al 

I 

but  seven  days  of 

numbers  reported; 

269 

157 

44,0% 

16,0% 

Calculated  estimate  of 
September,  1980,  sunspots: 

222 


113 


Table  2,  Comparison  of  actual  vs.  predicted  solar  flux.  Predictions  are  from  the  Institute  for 
Telecommunication  Sciences,  as  quoted  in  QST.  Actual  data  are  for  2f800  MHz  so  tar  flux 
reported  by  the  Solar  Geophysical  Data  Bulletin,  National  Oceanic  and  Atmospheric  Ad- 
ministration, Environmental  Research  Laboratories,  Monthly  data  are  from  the  15th  of  the 
month  shown  to  the  14th  of  the  following  month. 


munication.  There  are  two 
excellent  references  on  the 
subject.  First,  there  is  the 
National  Bureau  of  Stan- 
dards' Monograph  80  on 
Ionospheric  Propagation. 
Unfortunately,  it  is  no 
longer  available  through 
the  US  Government  Print- 
ing Office.  I  discovered  my 
copy  buried  among  some 
old  technical  books  I 
bought  in  1965.  You  may  be 
able  to  obtain  a  copy  at 
your  local  library  through 
the  interlibrary  loan  pro- 
gram. 

A  second  reference  is  the 
four-volume  set  called  Tele- 
communications Research 
and  Engineering  Report  13, 
Ionospheric  Predictions. 
Sadly,  this  set  is  also  no 
longer  available  through 
the  US  Government   Prtnt- 


5l£n*l    Pest lna tion ./tnfarcfrj' Cat       Date       J* fit  lime  pjrf 


UT 


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*s  =       9 

^U] 

Total    Distance    4*-    A  =    tj  &   *^         =  up   or 

tancfl   per  hop 

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il   Wot-es 

1 

F/g.  f,  7h/s  /s  the  wor/c  sheet  /  use  to  calculate  a  multiple- 
hop  maximum  usable  frequency  (MUF).  When  you  wish  to 
make  an  estimate  for  a  day  with  other  than  160  sun  spots, 
you  can  use  separate  pages  for  110  sun  spots,  160  sun  spots, 
and  the  final  estimated  maximum  usable  frequency. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     71 


Fig.  2,  Modified  cylindrical  projection  of  a  world  map.  Use 
this  chart  to  determine  your  location  and  the  location  of 
your  expected  contact  Source:  Office  of  Telecommunica- 
tions' Telecommunications  Research  and  Engineering 
Report  13  (OT/TRER  13). 


Fig.  3.  Great-circle  chart  centered  on  the  equator  for  use 
with  Fig.  2,  The  solid  lines  represent  great  circles,  while  the 
numbered  "dot-dash"  lines  indicate  distances  in  thousands 
of  kilometers.  Use  this  chart  to  determine  the  great-circle 
distance  between  two  points  by  using  your  onionskin  paper 
and  drawings  like  those  in  Fig.  4,  Source:  OT/TRER  13. 


ing  Office.  However,  there 
is  hope.  You  can  buy  a  copy 
of  all  1,330  pages  for  just 
$1 2  from  the  Solar  Terrestri- 
al Data  Center  A  in  Boulder, 
Colorado.  Unfortunately, 
the  copy  is  on  microfiche, 
and  you'll  need  to  find  a  mi- 
crofiche reader  at  your  li- 
brary or  at  a  friend's  busi- 
ness, or  perhaps  you'll  want 
to  purchase  your  own  read- 
er for  about  $150. 


Don't  let  all  those  dollars 
worry  youp  because  includ- 
ed with  this  article  are  most 
of  the  materials  you'll  need 
to  get  started.  In  fact,  of 
those  1,330  pages,  I  found 
that  the  whole  subject  is  so 
simple  that  everything  is  ex- 
plained in  the  first  1 8  pages. 
The  other  1,312  pages  are 
simply  maps  like  the  ones  in 
Figs,  5  through  7  and  10 
through  12.  That's  18  pages 


of   material    I'll   reduce  to 
just  a  few  pages  here. 

Most  discussions  of  prop- 
agation predictions  center 
on  predictions  of  MUF  be- 
cause that  is  the  frequency 
at  which  your  signal 
bounces  off  the  highest 
possible  portion  of  the 
ionosphere  and,  therefore, 
gets   you   the   longest  dis- 


Fig.  4.  Lines  A  and  8  show  the  great-circle  projections  of  two  paths  from  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 
A  is  a  four-hop  path  to  Antarctica,  while  8  is  a  two-hop  path  to  eastern  Spain,  C  shows  how 
the  paths  in  A  and  B  appear  on  a  cylindrical-projection  map.  Source:  OT/TRER  13. 


tance  with  the  fewest  num- 
ber of  hops.  But  since  ama- 
teur frequencies  very  rarely 
fall  on  the  MUF,  what  value 
is  there  in  knowing  the 
MUF? 

The  reason  for  our  in- 
terest is  that  the  MUF  for 
any  given  circuit  may 
change  as  much  as  1 4  to  1 5 
MHz  in  a  very  short  time. 
Also,  since  most  of  us  have 
only  a  limited  amount  of 
time  to  spend  on  the  air,  the 
primary  question  can  be 
that  of  what  stations  can  I 
expect  tonight  if  I  point  the 
antenna  south  rather  than 
what  time  do  I  need  to  be 
on  the  air  to  make  it  to 
Panama?  Table  1  shows  an 
example  of  this;  A  midwest- 
ern  station  in  the  US  points 
his  antenna  south  at  0000 
UTC  on  a  September  eve- 
ning. 

The  table  shows  ten  steps 
of  approximately  equal  dis- 
tance between  here  and 
Antarctica.  Step  1  shows 
that  if  I  tune  up  the  rig  on 
any  frequency  less  than  10 
MHz,  I  should  be  able  to 
make  a  contact  in  Louisana, 
Better  try  40  meters  for  that 
one.  The  closest  available 
frequency  to  the  MU F  of  1 7 
MHz  should  allow  an  open- 
ing into  Guatemala,  or  the 


72     73  Magazine  •  October,  1961 


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ti  !■       r       tit 


r  ti 


31 1  t»  •*  ll  *  1 


Fig.  5,  Monthly  median  maximum  usable  frequencies  for  a 
signal  to  reach  'zero"  kilometers  distance  from  the  trans- 
mitter via  the  Fz  layer.  This  chart  is  for  0000  UTQ 
September,  and  a  sunspot  number  of  160;  a  solar  flux  day  of 
203.  Source:  OT/TRER  13. 


•.a 


i«* 


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i 


ss      SEPTEnete 


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ii  *■  *»  ti       «       i 


Fig,  6,  Monthly  median  maximum  usable  frequencies  for  a 
signal  to  reach  4,000  kilometers  distance  from  the  transmit- 
ter via  the  F2  layer.  This  chart  is  for  0000  UTQ  September, 
and  a  sunspot  number  of  160;  a  solar  flux  day  of  203.  Use 
this  figure  along  with  Fig,  8.  Source:  OT/TRER  13. 


city  of  Merida,  Mexico.  If 
there's  a  ham  operator 
available  in  the  mountains 
near  Caldera,  Chile,  I  ac- 
tually might  be  able  to 
make  a  contact  on  10  me- 
ters—might be  worth  a  try. 
Then,  on  15  meters,  I  could 
possibly  pick  up  the  Mara- 
non  River  of  northern  Peru 
or  someone  on  the  conti- 
nent of  Antarctica,  That's  a 
pretty  good  choice  of  con- 
tacts  for  a  single  antenna 
direction  and  a  single  hour 
of  the  day. 

Checking  the  predictions 
over  several  hours  would 
show  about  how  long  you 
can  use  each  frequency  to 
establish  a  contact  to  the 
area  shown.  Note  that  it  is 
possible  to  be  extremely 
specific  about  the  location 
you  may  reach  At  this 
point,  you  have  overcome 
the  limitation  of  most  pub- 
lished predictions  which 
show  only  the  general  area 
of  the  world  you  can  reach 
and  overlook  many  of  the 
domestic  circuits  you'll 
want  to  use  when  trying  for 
the  closer  distances,  such 
as  that  YL  in  Moscow, 
Idaho,  we  mentioned  earli- 
er. 

Another  limitation  of 
published  reports  is  their  in- 
ability to  allow  for  an  ad- 


justment due  to  today's  so- 
lar flux  value  broadcast  by 
WWV.  This  can  be  a  rather 
significant  factor.  For  exam- 
ple, the  September,  198G, 
predictions  published  in 
QST  were  based  on  a  pre- 
dicted median  solar  flux  of 
187,  In  actuality,  during  the 
period  of  time  covered  by 
the  predictions,  WWV  re- 
ported daily  solar  flux  as 
high  as  269  and  as  low  as 
157  at  0000  UTC  This 
amounts  to  a  maximum  of 
44%  greater  than  the  pre- 
dicted median  and  a  mini- 
mum which  was  16%  less 
than  the  prediction. 

Table  2  shows  the  actual 
vs,  predicted  solar  ftux 
values  sent  to  me  by  the  En- 
vironmental Research  lab- 
oratories in  Boulder,  These 
daily  averages  also  show 
some  variation  from  the 
most  currently  broadcast 
figures  you  will  hear  on 
WWV,  Even  so,  for  the 
months  shown,  the  flux 
varied  upwardly  about 
46%  and  downward  30.5%. 
That's  a  considerable 
amount  of  variation  from 
the  predicted  value  and 
could  have  a  substantial  ef- 
fect on  some  HF  circuits. 
The  procedures  I'll  outline 
will  show  you  how  to  adjust 
for  that  variation. 


First,  there  is  one  more 
concept  we  must  briefly 
cover.  At  any  given  time, 
for  any  given  communica- 
tion link,  there  may  be 
several  MUF  values  which 
apply,  depending  on  the 
ionospheric  path  you  wish 
to  use,  These  include  a 
MUF  for  the  E  layer  and  F 
layers  for  each  instance 
when  the  signal  bounces  off 
the  ionosphere,  You  want  to 
find  the  lowest  MUF  for  F 
propagation  and  the  high- 


est  of   either   the   F   or   E 

MUFs.  In  the  calculations 
shown  in  Table  1f  the  max- 
imum number  of  hops  on 
the  signal's  trip  to  Antarc- 
tica was  four  reflections  off 
the  ionosphere,  and  the  F2 
region  dominated  in  all 
cases. 

The  13  steps  which  fol- 
low take  you  through  the 
estimation  process.  I  sug- 
gest that  you  may  wish  to 
read  through  the  steps  first 
and  then  go  back  and  fol- 


*■ 


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It        i  ii 


"      : 


•  It  H  M  Pi        ' 


Fig.  7,  Monthly  median  maximum  usable  frequency  for  a 
signal  to  reflect  via  the  E  layer.  The  chart  is  for  0000  UTQ 
September,  and  a  sunspot  number  of  760;  a  solar  flux  day  of 
203,  Use  this  figure  with  Fig.  9.  Source:  OT/TRER  13. 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     73 


MUF  (ZERO)  F2 


JftQQ 


<onr 


MUF  (4000)  F 2 

Fig.  B.  Nomogram  for  interpolating  between  an  MUF(Q)  F2  (from  Fig*  5}f  and  an  MUF(4fOOO)F2 
(from  Fig.  6)  to  determine  maximum  usable  frequencies  at  intermediate  distances.  The 
dashed  line  shows  an  example  of  a  situation  when  the  MUFfQ]  is  71,  and  the  MUF(4tO0O)  is 
34,  Following  the  liner  we  can  see  the  MUF  for  a  distance  of  1J000  kilometers  is  22  MHz. 
Use  this  nomogram  to  find  MUFS  for  column  five  of  the  work  sheet  in  Fig.  I.  Source: 
OT/TRER  13. 


low  along  step  by  step,  accurate  MUF  for  your 
You'll  be  amazed  at  how  communications  circuit  for 
fast  you  can  arrive  at  a  very     the  maps  shown. 


E* LAYER  MUF  IKKKJJE 

Ki   -—J 
11   -I 

to  ~ 
f*  - 


MUF 

MS- 


DISTANCE* 
KILOMETERS 


t*  — 


m 
i 

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r  — 

#  - 

»  — 

i  — 


40 

M 

M 


■  — 
I  — 

*  ■ 

»< 

*  ~\ 
ft* 

*•  -= 

►  — 


EXAMPLE    SHOWN   GY    0A5NED  LINES: 

onunt%  -  ft  M  KM?  If  ITEM 

coyniNtP  E-ANO  r, -lMKB  ¥u*-i.*  MHi 


_    1*1)0-4060 

low 
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F/g.  9.  Nomogram  for  converting  the  MUF(2t000)t  from  Fig. 
7  to  maximum  usable  frequencies  at  other  distances.  Use 
this  nomogram  to  find  the  MUF  of  E-layer  signals  for  col- 
umn seven  of  the  work  sheet  in  Fig.  T.  Source:  OT/TRER  13, 


1)  Gather  some  materials 
together:  a  piece  of  onion- 
skin paper  or  similar  paper 
that  you  can  see  through,  a 
ruler,  a  copy  of  the  work 
sheet  shown  in  Fig,  1  (I  just 
sketch  out  my  own  sheet), 
and  this  hour's  WWV  solar 
flux  value.  You'll  find  the 
WWV  solar  flux  broadcast 
at  18  minutes  after  every 
hour. 

2)  Locate  your  QTH  and 
the  city  you  wish  to  reach 
by  laying  the  onionskin 
paper  over  the  map  in  Fig.  2 
and  placing  a  dot  on  the 
two  locations.  Also  draw  in 
the  equator  line 

3)  Move  the  onionskin 
paper  down  to  Fig,  3  and 
line  up  the  equator  with  the 
equator  in  the  figure.  Slide 
the  onionskin  paper  to  the 
left  or  right  along  the 
equator,  until  the  two  dots 
lie  on  the  same  great-circle 
line,  similar  to  the  east-west 
route  in  Fig.  4(B)  or  similar 
great-circle  lines  like  the 
north-south  route  in  Fig 
4(A).  Now,  draw  in  the 
great-circle  paths  as  shown 
in  Fig.  4(C).  If  you  wish,  you 
can  use  one  of  the  azimuth- 


al  maps  being  offered  to 
hams  in  this  step.  It  can  pro- 
vide an  easier  way  to  calcu- 
late distances,  but  may  pro- 
vide a  problem  when  trying 
to  determine  the  actual 
MUF  on  maps  shown  with 
this  article. 

4)  In  Fig  3,  you  will 
notice  some  dashed  lines 
and  numbers.  1  hese  tell 
you  how  many  kilometers 
your  dots  are  from  the  cen- 
ter of  the  chart.  To  find  the 
distance  between  your  two 
dots,  simply  count  the  num- 
ber of  dashed  lines  between 
the  two  dots.  The  lines  are 
500  kilometers  apart,  and 
the  numbers  are  1,000  kilo- 
meters apart. 

5)  Now  you  need  to  iden- 
tify the  number  of  reflec- 
tions your  signal  will  make 
off  the  ionosphere.  I  use  a 
code  here,  where  an  "X" 
means  the  signal  is  reflect- 
ed off  the  ionosphere,  and 
an  "0"  shows  where  the 
signal  is  reflected  off  the 
Earth.  To  find  the  number 
of  reflections,  first  divide 
the  total  distance  by  4,000 
kilometers.  Then  round  that 
number  up  to  the  next 
largest  whole  number,  mul- 
tiply by  two,  and  finally  di- 
vide your  result  into  the  to- 
tal distance.  This  gives  you 
the  distance  traveled  in 
either  an  upward  path  or  a 
downward  path  Mark  off 
the  upward  and  downward 
path  lengths  on  your  onion- 
skin, beginning  with  an  X 
(because  your  first  signal 
must  bounce  off  the  iono- 
sphere) and  alternating  Xs 
with  Os  until  all  reflection 
points  are  found  Note  that 
the  first  and  the  last  reflec- 
tion points  must  always  be 
Xs,  For  short  hops  of  under 
4,000  km,  there  is  only  one 
X  at  the  very  center  of  the 
path  between  the  two 
points.  Now,  you  can  begin 
to  fill  in  Fig.  1. 

6)  Lay  your  onionskin 
paper  over  Fig,  5  to  find  the 
MUF  at  zero  kilometers  for 
each  point  marked  with  an 
X.  To  help  you  through  the 
first  example,  I've  written 
the  north-south  values  in  on 


74     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


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fig.  tO.  Montft/y  median  maximum  usable  frequencies  for  a 
signal  to  reach  "zero"  kilometers  distance  from  the  trans- 
mitter via  the  F2  layer.  This  chart  is  for  0000  UTQ 
September,  and  a  sunspot  number  of  110;  a  solar  ftux  of 
154.6.  Source:  OT/TRER  13, 


the  table  in  Fig  1  under  the 
heading,  'MUF  %" 

7)  Using  the  onionskin 
and  Fig.  6,  identify  the  F, 

MUF  values  for  each  hop 
and  enter  them  in  the  table 
in  Fig,  1  under  the  heading, 
"MUF  4000/' 

8)  Using  the  distance  be- 
tween each  reflection 
point,  go  to  Fig  8  and  inter- 
polate the  actual  MUF  you 
can  expect  on  that  par- 
ticular hop.  This  interpola- 
tion   between    the   MUF   0 


and  the  MUF  4000  adjusts 
tor  the  angle  at  which  your 
signal  travels  to  reach  each 
of  those  hop  points.  Every 

reflection  point  in  every 
path  has  a  different  reflec- 
tion angle. 

9)  Finally,  in  your  last  use 
of  the  onionskin  paper,  lay 
your  paper  across  Fig.  7  and 
determine  the  E  layer  MUF 
at  each  point  for  a  2,000^ 
kilometer  hop.  Enter  this 
value  into  Fig.  1,  Then  find 


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Ftg.  1  J.  Monthly  median  maximum  usable  frequencies  tor  a 
signal  to  reach  4,000  kilometers  distance  from  the  transmit- 
ter via  the  F2  layer.  This  chart  is  for  0000  UTC,  September, 
and  a  sunspot  number  of  110;  a  solar  flux  day  of  154,6, 
Source:  OT/TRER  13, 


»lfH8        $E*TCKB£»       U1    M        -*-*•"-*.      -":*•■  "UFj^lMfE    **-j 


Fig.  12.  Monthly  median  maximum  usable  frequency  for  a 
signal  to  reflect  via  the  E  layer.  The  chart  is  for  0000  UTQ 
September,  and  a  sunspot  number  of  1 10;  a  solar  flux  day  of 
154.6.  Source:  OT/TRER  13. 


the  actual  E  layer  MUF  by 
using  the  nomograph  in  Fig. 

9.  Note  your  resufts  in  Fig.  1 

10)  Now  simply  compare 
the  F  layer  MUF  value  for 
each  hop  in  column  five  of 
Fig.  1  with  the  E  layer  MUF 
in  column  seven  of  the 
same  figure  for  each  hop. 
Select  the  larger  of  the  two 
values  and  put  it  in  column 
eight.  Then  select  the 
smallest  number  in  column 


eight.  Congratulations!  You 
have  just  found  the  max* 
imum  usable  frequency  for 
a  day  on  which  there  are 
160  sunspots,  or  a  solar  flux 
of  203.  Call  this  "MUfW* 

11)  To  interpolate  the 
MUF  values  for  days  when 
sunspots  are  something  oth- 
er than  160r  you  first  go 
back  and  do  steps  six 
through  ten,  using  the  maps 
for  a  sunspot  number  of  110 


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Fig.  13.  Relationship  between  smoothed  mean  Zurich 
sunspot  number  and  smoothed  mean  10 Jem  solar  ftux.  Use 

this  graph  to  convert  WWV's  solar  flux  to  the  daily  sunspot 
number  for  use  in  the  formula  for  adjusting  the  MUF  to  to- 
day's solar  flux. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     75 


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in  Figs.  10  through  12.  Call 
these  'MUFlie/' 

12)  Take  today's  reported 
WWV  solar  flux  value  and 
use  Fig,  13  to  find  today's 
sunspot  number. 

13)  Plug  the  sunspot 
number  and  your  MUF  val- 
ues into  the  following  for- 
mula  and  let  your  calcula- 
tor or  computer  finish  the 
Job  for  you  This  little 
calculation  finally  gives 
you  the  sunspot  number  for 
this  hour  of  this  day  of  this 
month,  and  for  this  part  of 
the  11-year  solar  cycle. 
MUF  =  MUFMn  +  0.02 
(MUF^p-MUFnoKtoday's 
sunspot  number  —110). 

Note;  For  days  when  the 
sunspot  number  falls  below 
110,  you  would  also  use 
maps  for  a  sunspot  number 
of    10,    and    the    formula: 

MUF  =  MUF,<,  + 
0.01  (MUF  „,-  MUF.oXsun- 
spot  number  —  10). 

While  it  takes  13  com- 
plete steps  to  go  through 


the  process,  you'll  find  that 
after  two  or  three  times, 
you  are  taking  little  short 
cuts  here  and  there  which 
have  no  effect  on  the  out- 
come but  make  the  proce- 
dure go  a  lot  faster.  It's  like 
tuning  up  your  radio.  The 
first  time,  it  goes  pretty 
slow,  while  the  third  or 
fourth  time  takes  just  a 
short  while  A  good  esti- 
mate with  this  procedure 
can  be  made  within  two  to 
three  minutes  for  a  multi- 
ple-hop  situation  and  about 
a  minute  for  a  single-hop 
situation.  The  maps  here 
will  get  you  through  the 
month  of  September. 

Acknowledgement 

Figs.  2,  3,  and  5  through 
13  are  from  the  US  Govern- 
ment publication  Telecom- 
munications Research  and 
Engineering  Report  13, 
OT/TRER  13,  by  M.  Leftin. 
William  Roberts,  and 
Rayner  Roiseh,  volumes  1, 
2,  3,  and  4  ■ 


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76     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


LARSEN  ANTEt 


Communications  in  the  Andes 
Mountains  takes  an  antenna  that'll 
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and  durability,  ffs  a  long  walk  back 
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73  Magazine  »  October,  1981     77 


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78     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


MBMMl  VHF/UHF 

Sotid^State  POWER  AMPLIFIERS 


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John  W.  Cartinhour.  }t  N5DY 
36  Nottingham  Lane 
Pine  Bfaff  AR  71603 


Keyer  Magic 

unravel  the  mystery  of  TTL  circuits 


In  the  fall  of  1979,  I  took  a 
course  in  digital  electron- 
ics at  the  University  of 
Arkansas  at  Little  Rock, 
where  I  am  .studying  for  a 
degree  in  engineering  tech- 
nology   During  the  month* 


long  Christmas  break  that 
followed,  I  decided  to  see  if 
I  could  apply  what  I  had 
learned.  An  iambic  keyer 
seemed  like  an  ideal  proj- 
ect, since  the  circuit  would 
be  sufficiently  complicated 


to  be  a  genuine  challenge. 
Besides,  it  so  happened  that 
my  station  did  not  already 
include  a  keyer. 

You  may  wonder  why 
anyone  would  go  to  the 
trouble  of  designing  a  keyer 


circuit  from  scratch,  when 
it  would  be  far  easier  to 
build  a  keyer  based  on  a 
single  IC  such  as  the  Curtis 
8044.  The  answer  is  that  de- 
signing a  circuit  based  on 
common,   general-purpose 


Fig.  1,  Complete  schematic  diagram  of  the  N5DY  keyer.  Pin  numbers  not  shown  are  left  unconnected. 


80     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


digital  ICs  (TTL  in  this  case) 
is  a  valuable  educational 
experience  for  those  who 
are  just  starting  to  learn 
something  about  digital 
electronics.  I  certainly 
don't  claim  that  my  circuit 
is  the  ultimate  state-of-the- 
art  design,  but  it  works  well. 
Readers  who  like  to  experi- 
ment with  digital  circuits 
may  find  it  interesting. 

Design  Considerations 

Let's  begin  by  defining 
iambic  operation  in  terms 
of  what  the  circuit  must  do. 
At  the  end  of  each  code 
character,  a  control  circuit, 
or  "decision"  circuit,  as  I 
have  chosen  to  call  itr  must 
check  several  circuit  condi- 
tions and  issue  a  command 
as  follows: 

1)  If  the  dit  paddle  is  on 
and  the  dah  paddle  is  off, 
send  a  dit. 

2)  If  the  dit  paddle  is  off 
and  the  dah  paddle  is  on, 
send  a  dah, 

3)  If  neither  paddle  is  on, 
stop  sending  and  reset  parts 
of  the  circuit  where  neces- 
sary. 

4)  If  both  paddles  are  on, 
send  a  character  opposite 
to  the  one  just  sent  For  ex- 
ample, if  the  previous  char- 
acter sent  was  a  dit,  the 
keyer  would  then  send  a 
dah. 

It  is  this  fourth  require- 
ment, of  course,  that  makes 
iambic  keyer  circuitry  more 
complex  than  the  circuitry 
required  for  a  single-paddle 
keyer.  The  iambic  keyer 
needs  a  memory  circuit  to 
record  the  last  character 
sent,  as  well  as  control  cir- 
cuitry which  can  take  com- 
mand of  the  paddle  at  cer- 
tain times 

In  addition  to  the  above 
requirements,  there  should 
be  no  initial  startup  delay 
between  the  time  a  paddle 
is  depressed  and  the  time  a 
code  character  is  started 
(other  than  the  extremely 
small  propagation  delays  in 
the  ICs  themselves),  and 
code  characters  should  be 
self-completing. 


Bit 


<U4«) 


CLOCK 
(UI0„  UM. 


DIT 
PADDLE 


DAH 
PADDLE 


DIT 
LATCH 

LrZbl 


TO 

OUTPUT 
KEYING 
CIRCUIT 


PAPULE   C1BCLMT 

J      \ 


GAM 
LATCH 

4Ulb.  U2Ct 


n 


— ■ 


On  fQAtf 
ENABLE 


(USa.UJfrJ 


ENABLE/DISABLE    DIT 


LNAtiLE  DISABLE    DAM 


lilB.  U?> 


ltf*M  QAfr    PiiDLE    CHCAGEL  - 


EUMIOrr    PADGHLE   tmt&CtD* 


The  complete  schematic 
diagram  of  the  keyer  is 
shown  in  Fig.  1 .  Fig.  2  shows 
the  keyer  in  simplified 
block  diagram  form.  (IC 
pins  in  the  schematic  dia- 
gram shown  connected  to 
"1"  are  actually  connected 
to  +  5  volts,  and  pins  shown 
connected  to  "0"  are  con- 
nected to  ground.  The  la- 
bels "V  and  "0"  signify  that 
these  are  logical  "high"  and 
"low"  connections  instead 
of  ordinary  power-supply 
connections.  Some  texts 
suggest  that  these  logical 
"1s"  should  be  connected 
to  +  5  V  through  a  1  k  resis- 
tor, with  as  many  as  25  such 
connections  sharing  the 
same  resistor;  this  is  the  pro- 
cedure I  have  followed,) 

Character  Generation 
and  Memory 

There  are  many  possible 
ways  of  generating  dits  and 
dahs.  An  article  in  the 
November,  1979,  issue  of  73 
("Son  of  Keycoder"  by 
W4RNL)  prompted  me  to 
start  thinking  about  ways  it 
could  be  done.  In  the  end  I 
chose  a  method  that  is  per- 
haps the  easiest  to  under- 
stand. 

Let's  first  consider  the  dit 
generator  and  memory. 
Dits  are  formed  by  feeding 
a  clock  signal  to  a  J-K  flip- 
flop  wired  as  a  simple  di- 
vide-by-two counter,  When 


Fig.  2,  Keyer  block  diagram. 

wired  as  shown  in  Fig.  3,  the 
J-K  flip-flop  toggles  when- 
ever the  clock  signal  goes 
from  high  to  low.  The  out- 

put  of  the  dit  generator  is 
monitored  by  a  D  flip-flop, 
which  is  activated  by  a 
positive-going  clock  pulse 
Fig.  3  shows  the  circuit  and 
the  resulting  waveforms. 

Notice  that  the  dit  mem- 
ory persists  for  half  a  clock 
cycle  after  each  dit.  The 
same  relationship  holds  for 
a  dah  and  the  dah  memory 
The  time  between  the  end 
of  a  character  and  the  sub- 
sequent clearing  of  its 
memory  is  the  decision 
time,  labeled  t^  in  Fig.  3-  As 
will  be  explained  in  more 
detail  later,  the  decision  cir- 
cuit will  be  activated  when- 
ever the  keyer  output  goes 
low,  such  as  at  the  end  of 
one  of  the  dits  in  Fig,  3. 
However,  the  final  decision 
(that  is,  whether  to  send  an- 
other character  or  stop 
sending)  will  be  based  on 
the  conditions  that  prevail 
immediately  before  the 
character  memory  is 
cleared,  or  in  other  words, 
at  the  end  of  the  decision 
time.  The  significance  of 
this  is  that  it  gives  the 
operator  an  extra  half- 
space  to  get  off  the  paddle 
before  the  keyer  is  commit- 
ted to  sending  another  char- 
acter, 

The    dah    generator    is 


based  on  a  synchronous  di- 
vide-by-four counter.  Two 
of  the  resulting  waveforms 
are  combined  with  a  NAND 
gate  to  form  the  dah  wave- 
form, as  shown  in  Fig,  4.  (It 
should  be  noted  here  that  in 
the  original  version  of  this 
circuit,  the  two  J~K  flip- 
flops  were  connected  as  a 
ripple  counter  instead  of  a 
synchronous  counter,  with 
the  result  that  the  keyer 
wouldn't  work  properly  be- 
cause a  glitch  in  the  dah 
waveform  was  activating 
the  decision  circuit  at  the 
wrong  time,  I  don't  intend 
to  go  into  the  details,  but  it 
is  something  that  should  be 
pointed  out  to  those  who 
may  want  to  experiment 
with  this  circuit.) 

The  enable  lines  in  Figs.  3 
and  4  will  enable  the  gener- 
ator when  high  and  disable 
it  when  low.  The  paddle  cir- 
cuit controls  these  enable 
lines.  Whenever  one  of 
these  enable  lines  goes 
high,  the  clock  will  also  be 
enabled. 

Referring  to  the  com- 
plete schematic  diagram, 
note  that  the  outputs  of  the 
two  generators  are  com- 
bined through  U3c  and 
U4e,  which  act  as  a  simple 
OR  gate. 

The  Clock  Circuit 

The  clock  circuit  consists 
of  two  555  monostable  mul- 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     81 


Definition  of  A.  B,  C,  and  D: 

A:  Dit  Paddle  (U4a) 
B:  Dah  Paddle  (U4b) 
C:  Dit  Memory  (U7a> 
D:  Dah  Memory  {U7b) 

DitLatch<UiaiU2a.  U2b) 

A    X       Dit  Latch  Output  (U2b) 

0  0  1 

0  1  previous  state 

1  0  1 
1  1  0 

Dah  Latch  (Ulb.U2c.U2d) 

B    Y       Dah  Latch  Output (U2d) 

0  0  1 

0  1  previous  state 

1  0  1 
1  1  0 


Initial  Standby  States: 
A  B  C  D  X  Y 
0     0     0     0     1      1 

Dit  Latch       Dah  Latch 
1  1 

Dit  Enable     Dah  Enable 
0  0 

Dit/Dah  Enable  (U3a.  U3b) 

Dit        Dah        Dit  Dah 

Latch    Latch      Enable    Enable 

0  0  previous  state 

0  110 

10  0  1 

110  0 

Note  that  it  is  impossible  for 
both  dah  and  dit  to  be  enabled 
at  the  same  time. 


Decision  Circuit  (U8,  U9) 

Keyer 

BCD  Address  Corresponds 

Output 

A 

B 

c 

D 

X 

Y 

to  Input  on  Pin  Number: 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

4 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

15 

0 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

14 

0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1 

13 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

1 

12 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

4 

0 

1 

0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

3 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

2 

0 

1 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1 

1 

15 

0 

1 

1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

14 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1 

13 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

12 

1 

X 

X 

X 

X 

1 

1 

X 

Note:  X- don't  care.  Outputs  from  pin  6  are  inverted  data  inputs. 

Table  1.  Truth  tables. 


tivibrators,  wired  back  to 
back.  It  is  basically  an 
adaptation  of  a  single-pad- 
dle, 555-timer-based  keyer 
circuit  described  in  Solid 
State  Design  for  the  Radio 
Amateur  by  Hayward  and 
DeMaw,  published  by  the 
ARRL  I  experimented  with 
several  versions  of  a  single 
555  astable  multivibrator 
clock  circuit  but  was  not 
satisfied  with  any  of  them. 
With  a  single  555  clock  cir- 
cuit, the  first  clock  pulse  of 
a  series  of  pulses  will  be 
longer  than  the  pulses  that 
follow  This  is  an  unaccept- 
able characteristic  for  my 
keyer  circuit,  since  the 
clock  is  enabled  and  dis- 
abled along  with  the  char- 
acter generators.  The  twin 


555  circuit  described  here 

eliminates  the  problem. 

The  complete  clock  cir- 
cuit consists  of  U10,  U11, 
U12,  and  U4d  (see  Fig  1). 
Notice  that  the  dit  and  dah 
enable  lines  are  inputs  to 
gate  U12a.  Initially,  both 
555  outputs  (pin  3)  are  low, 
and  both  timing  capacitors 
are  discharged.  A  high  sig- 
nal on  either  enable  line 
will  trigger  U11,  which  in 
turn  triggers  U10  through 
gate  U12b.  However,  the  di- 
ode in  the  circuit  prevents 
the  timing  capacitor  of  U10 
from  starting  to  charge  un- 
til after  U11  has  finished 
timing  out  The  clock  cir- 
cuit cannot  be  retriggered 
until  after  the  output  from 
U10  has  returned  to  the  low 


i  — 

J 

H 

- — 4 

* < 

D 

Qt 

1 1 

ENABL 

DIT 


DIT    MEMORY 


K- *j  SELF-  COUPLE  TrNG    CLOCK    CTCLE 

ijTJi_n_n_n_r  clo^« 


i  ■ 


DIT 

DtT    MCUQUt 


Fig.  3,  Dit  generator/memory  circuit  and  waveforms. 


state.  The  result  is  a  wave- 
form that  is  entirely  self- 
completing,  with  a  duty  cy- 
cle of  approximately  50  per- 
cent with  the  component 
values  shown  in  Fig.  1 ,  At 
the  end  of  one  complete  cy- 
cle, another  cycle  will  be 
generated  if  an  enable  line 
is  still  high. 

Readers  who  are  unfamil- 
iar with  the  555  timer 
should  consult  The  555 
Timer  Applications  Source- 
book, with  Experiments  by 
Howard  M  Berlin. 

The  resistor  and  capaci- 
tor values  shown  will  allow 
for  code  speed  adjustments 
from  approximately  15  to 
35  words  per  minute  Read- 
ers who  decide  to  experi- 
ment with  different  values 
should  remember  that  the 
timing  capacitors  must  be 
able  to  charge  to  two-thirds 
of  the  supply  voltage  in 
order  to  reset  the  timer  The 
safest  bet  would  be  to 
make  R2  and  R3  at  least 
three  times  larger  than  the 
maximum  value  of  R1. 

The  actual  clock  output 
is  the  inverted  waveform  of 
pin  3  of  U11P  which  means 
that  the  clock  waveform 
will  begin  with  a  high-to-low 
transition  whenever  an  en- 
able line  goes  high.  This  is 
necessary  to  meet  the  de- 
sign requirement  that  there 
should  be  no  initial  startup 
delay  between  the  time  a 
paddle  is  depressed  and  the 
time  a  code  character  is 
started. 

The  fact  that  the  clock 
waveform  is  self-complet- 
ing means  that  two  code 


characters  cannot  be  sepa- 
rated by  less  than  one 
space,  regardless  of  how 
the  paddles  are  manipulat- 
ed. (See  Figs,  3  and  4.) 

Decision  Circuit 

The  decision  circuit  is 
based  on  two  74151  1~of-8 
data  selectors  (US  and  U9  in 
Fig.  1)+  Each  chip  has  eight 
data-input  pins  and  three 
address  pins;  three  address 
pins  allow  for  eight  possible 
address  combinations  (000 
to  111),  There  are  two  out- 
put pins:  a  data  output  and 
an  inverted  data  output.  In 
addition,  there  is  a  chip- 
enable  pin  (pin  7)  which 
must  be  held  low  for  nor- 
mal operation. 

One  of  the  eight  data  in- 
puts is  selected  to  appear  as 
the  data  output  according 
to  the  address  on  the  ad- 
dress pins,  In  Fig.  1,  the  data 
inputs  to  the  74151s  are 
shown  on  the  left  side  of 
each  IC  They  are  arranged 
in  order  from  top  to  bot- 
tom, starting  with  number  0 
(for  address  000)  and  ending 
with  number  7  (for  address 
111).  Note  that  the  IC  pin 
numbers  do  not  correspond 
to  this  order,  In  this  keyer 
circuit,  the  inverted  data 
output  (pin  6)  is  used.  Pin  6 
is  driven  high  whenever  pin 
7  goes  high,  regardless  of 
the  condition  of  the  address 
pins. 

When  the  output  of  the 
keyer  goes  low,  the  deci- 
sion circuit  examines  the 
following  four  circuit  con- 
ditions, labeled  A,  B,  C,  and 
D: 


82     73  Magazine  •  October,  1961 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     83 


1 


A:  Dit  paddle.  High  if  the 
paddle    is   onp    low    if 
(from  U4a). 

B:  Dah  paddle.  High  if 
the  paddle  is  onr  low  if  off 
(from  U4b). 

C:  Dit  memory  High  if 
the  last  character  sent  was 
a  dit  (trorn  U7a). 

D  Dah  memory  High  if 
the  last  character  sent  was 
a  dah  (from  U7b). 

There  are  sixteen  possi- 
ble combinations  of  Af  B,  C, 
and  D.  Four  of  these  condi- 
tions (where  C  and  D  are 
both  high)  will  not  occur  in 
normal  circuit  operation, 
but  since  they  might  turn 
up  when  power  is  first  ap- 
plied to  the  circuit,  we  must 
account  for  them  to  make 
sure  the  circuit  doesn't  get 
locked  out  when  the  power 
is  applied 

Conditions  B,  C,  and  D 
are  used  to  form  the  data- 
select  address  Condition  A( 
along  with  its  complement, 
acts  as  a  variable  input  to 
some  of  the  data-input  pins. 
There  are  two  decision-cir- 
cuit outputs,  labeled  X  and 
Y,  which  determine  what 
the  keyer  will  do  next.  Xand 
Y  affect  the  state  of  the  dit 
and  dah  latch  circuits,  re- 
spectively. The  complete 
truth  table  for  the  decision 
circuit  is  included  in  Table 

i> 

The  reader  should  refer 
to  Don  Lancaster's  TIL 
Cookbook  for  an  excellent 
discussion  of  how  to  design 
logic  circuits  with  the  741 51 
IC 

Dit  and  Dah  Latch  and 
Enable  Circuits  (Paddle 
Circuit] 

The  state  of  the  dit  and 
dah  paddles   is  sensed  by 

separate  dit  and  dah  latch 
circuits,  which  also  sense 

the  state  of  X  and  Yf  respec- 
tively. The  dit  latch  consists 
of  U1a,  112a,  and  U2b,  with 
an  output  from  pin  6  of 
U2b,  The  dah  latch  consists 
of  U1b,  U2c,  and  U2d,  with 
an  output  from  pin  8  of  U2d 
(see  Fig.  1).  The  truth  table. 
for  these  latches  is  included 
in  Table  1, 

The   outputs  of   the   dit 


and  dah  latches  serve  as  in- 
puts to  the  dit/dah  enable 
circuit  which  consists  of 
U3a  and  U3b.  This  circuit 
controls  the  dit  and  dah 
generator  enable  lines;  the 
truth  table  is  included  in 
Table  1.  The  most  impor* 
tant  feature  of  the  ditidah 
enable  circuit  is  that  it  is  im- 
possible for  both  enable 
outputs  to  be  high  at  the 
same  time. 

Basically,  I  designed  the 
paddle  circuit  to  allow  the 
X  and  Y  decision  signals  to 
override  the  paddles  and 
force  the  dit  (or  dah)  latch 
high  at  critical  times.  When 
the  operator  is  off  the  pad- 
dle, the  X  and  Y  signals  will 
reset  the  latches  to  their 
standby  states  (see  Table  1), 
which,  in  turn,  forces  both 
dit  and  dah  enable  lines 
low. 

An  Example  of  Circuit 
Operation 

Fig.  5  shows  the  various 
logic  waveforms  that  result 
when  the  dit  and  dah  pad- 
dles are  manipulated  to 
create  the  waveforms 
shown  for  A  and  B.  The  re- 
sulting code  output  is  the 
letter  "F".  (It  should  be 
noted  that  this  is  by  no 
means  the  only  way  to  form 
the  letter  "F".)  Hopefully, 
Fig.  5  is  a  picture  worth  a 
thousand  words.  Table  2  is 
a  step-by-step  analysis  of 
the  waveforms  at  various 
critical  times,  All  of  the  ac- 
tion described  in  Fig  5  and 
Table  2  is  based  on  the 
complete  truth  table  selec- 
tion of  Table  1  The  notes  in 
Table  3  on  the  critical  times 
noted  in  Fig.  5  and  Table  2 
should  be  of  some  help. 

Additional  Circuit  Notes 

The  keyer  output  circuit 
shown  in  Fig  1  is  based  on 
the  circuit  shown  in  the 
Radio  Amateur's  Handbook 
(1980  edition)  for  the  Accu- 
Keyer,  It  is  intended  for  use 
with  transmitters  with  grid- 
block  keying.  Many  varia- 
tions of  this  circuit  have  ap- 
peared in  ham  magazines, 
Take  your  pick!  The  choice 
of  transistors  was  dictated 


CLOCK 


DAH 


JViH 

MEMORY 


M^HSELF  COMPLfTlUG   CLOCK  ClfCLt 

iTT^njojiJi-njiJ"  ««* 
r~ i_r~i_r~  eg 

r      rB 


1_T 


I 


i 


DAH 

DAH   MEMORY 


Fig.  4.  Dah  generator/memory  circuit  and  waveforms. 


by  what  was  in  my  junk  box, 
but  I  checked  the  voltage 
rating  of  the  PNP  output 
transistor  before  I  used  it 
My  transmitter  has  a  grid- 
block  voltage  of  —55  V- 
The  ECG159  transistor  is 
rated  for  a  maximum  col- 
lector-to-emitter voltage  of 
80  V,  and  a  maximum  col- 
lector-to-base voltage  of  BO 
V  Your  transmitter  may 
have  a  grid-block  voltage 
that  is  too  large  for  this 
transistor  to  handle.  The 
safest  bet  would  be  to  use  a 
2 N 5401  or  equivalent.  The 
tune  switch  in  the  output 
circuit  is  actually  my  old 
straight  key. 

The  sidetone  oscillator  is 
a  standard  555  timer  circuit 
which  has  appeared  in  ham 


magazines  many  times. 
Once  again,  component 
values  were  dictated  by  my 
junk  box.  Two  improve- 
ments could  be  made:  (1) 
Substitute  a  1k  potentiom- 
eter for  the  220-Ohm  resis- 
tor in  series  with  the  speak- 
er to  provide  for  volume 
control,  and  (2)  change  the 
50k  tone  control  to  a  100k 
potentiometer  to  provide 
for  a  greater  range  of  tone 
control. 

I  am  using  a  Radio  Shack 
variable  dc  power  supply  to 
power  the  keyer,  which 
draws  nearly  200  mA  of  cur- 
rent. If  I  decide  to  build  a 
fixed  5-V  power  supply  for 
the  keyer,  I  will  make  it  at 
least  a  1-Amp  supply  so  it 
can  power  additional  proj- 


Circuit  Conditions 

Results 

Keyer 

Dit 

Dah 

Dit 

Dah 

Time 

Output 

ABCD 

XY 

Latch 

Latch 

Enable  Enable 

initial  setup 

0 

00  0  0 

1  1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

t, 

0 

10  0  0 

1  0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

immediately 

after  t, 

1 

1000 

1  1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

t3 

0 

10  10 

1  0 

0 

t 

1 

0 

I, 

0 

100  0 

1  0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

t. 

1 

100  0 

1  1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

ta 

1 

1110 

1  1 

0 

0 

t 

0 

0 

0 

1110 

0  1 

1 

0 

0 

1 

tr 

0 

110  0 

1  1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

n 

0 

110  1 

1  0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

t. 

0 

110  0 

1  1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

tiO 

1 

10  10 

1  1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

t„ 

0 

10  10 

1  0 

<3 

1 

1 

0 

ll2 

0 

00  10 

00 

1 

1 

0 

0 

ti, 

0 

0  00  0 

1  1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

Table  2.  An  aid  in  interpreting  Fig.  5, 


84     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     85 


t,:  X  and  Y  will  always  be  forced  high  when  the  keyer  out- 
put goes  high, 

U  End  of  first  dit, 

t3:  Clear  dit  memory. 

t,:  See  note  for  \, 

ta:  Operator  presses  dah  paddle.  6  =  1  and  Y  =  1  will  force 
the  dah  latch  low,  but  since  both  latches  are  low,  there 
w til  be  no  change  in  the  enable  lines. 

tt:  Output  goes  low;  decision  circuit  enabled.  The  decision 
circuits  sees  A=1,B  =  1>C  =  1t  and  D  =  G>  resulting  in 
X  =  Oand  Y=  1.  This  causes  the  dit  iatch  to  go  high  and 
the  dah  latch  to  go  low.  This,  in  turn,  forces  the  dit  en- 
able low  and  the  dah  enable  high, 

tT;  Clear  dit  memory. 

tt:  Analysis  similar  to  that  of  tfll  except  that  this  time  the 
dit  enable  goes  high  and  the  dah  enable  goes  low. 

t9:  Clear  dah  memory. 

tie;  Operator  releases  dah  paddte. 

t„:  Output  goes  low,  initially,  the  operator  is  still  on  the  dit 
paddle,  so  the  circuit  prepares  to  send  another  dit. 
However,  the  operator  has  until  tn  to  get  off  both  pad- 
dles to  stop  any  further  character  generation, 

t12:  Operator  gets  off  the  dit  paddle  in  time  to  stop  the 
keyer.  The  decision  circuit  now  sees  A  =  0t  S  =  G\  C  =  1 , 
and  0  =  0,  which  ends  up  forcing  both  enable  lines  low. 

tia.  Clear  dit  memory.  The  circuit  will  now  be  reset  to  initial 
standby  states. 

Table  3.  Notes  on  critical  times. 


ects.  The  power  supply  for  a 
TTL  circuit  must  be  well- 
regulated,  of  course. 

This  is  a  good  place  to 
mention  that  the  +5-V  line 
in  any  TTL  project  should 
be  bypassed  to  ground  with 
small  despiking  capacitors 
distributed  uniformly 
around  the  circuit  board. 
About  five  0.01 -uF  disc  ca- 
pacitors is  about  right  for 
this  project.  Some  experts 
recommend  more  stringent 
measures.  The  771  Cook- 
hook  is  a  good  source  of  in- 
formation about  this  aspect 
of  building  TTL  circuits, 

1  assembled  most  of  the 
keyer  on  a  perforated  cir- 
cuit board  using  wire-wrap- 
ping, but  I  designed  a  lay- 
out for  an  etched  circuit 
board  for  the  clock  circuit. 


k-*j  self -computing  clock 
cycle: 

"LjL_rL_n_r  clock 

:    : 


*4 


DIT 


QiT   MJEVQAt 


Fig.  6.  Decreasing  the  duty 
cycle  of  the  clock  wave- 
form will  increase  the  deci- 
sion time.  Compare  these 
waveforms  to  those  of  Fig. 
3. 


The  best  way  to  build  a  cir- 
cuit like  this  one  depends 
on  your  personal  prefer- 
ence, of  course.  As  of  this 
writing,  I  have  still  not  de- 
cided exactly  what  type  of 
cabinet  the  keyer  should  be 
housed  in.  In  the  meantime, 
the  assembled  but  exposed 
c  ircuit  has  been  set  up  on 
my  operating  table  and 
connected  to  my  Bencher 
paddle.  I  have  used  the 
keyer  for  many  hours  of  of  f- 
the-air  practice  and  am 
completely  satisfied  with 
its  operation. 

The  final  test  was  to  con- 
nect the  keyer  to  my  trans- 
mitter to  see  if  it  would  ac- 
tually do  the  job.  With  the 
transmitter  operating  into  a 
dummy  load,  the  keyer 
worked  flawlessly  With  the 
transmitter  operating  into 
an  antenna,  however,  the 
keyer  would  sometimes  act 
up.  Subsequent  tests  with  a 
dip  meter  revealed  that  my 
rf-in-the-shack  problem  was 
worse  than  I  had  thought. 
The  dip  meter  reacted 
strongly  when  brought  near 
the  coaxial  transmission 
line,  the  rotator  cable, 
equipment  ac  line  cords, 
and  the  cable  connecting 
the  keyer  to  the  transmitter 


OIT  PA  BOX* 


DAH  PA0DI.E   IB  J 


CLOCK 


■fEven  output 


OIT  Mt MOR- 


GAN MEMORY  ID) 


JUT  LATtM 


DAH  LATCH 


DIT  ENABLE 


C4H  ENABLE 


Fig.  5,  An  example  oi  circuit  operation. 


Part  of  the  solution  to 
this  problem  was  to  add  a 
small  rf  choke  in  series  with 
the  output  from  the  keying 
transistor,  as  shown  in  Fig. 
1.  I  also  wrapped  the  power 
supply  ac  line  cord  around 
a  ferrite  rod  from  an  old  AM 
broadcast  band  receiver. 
These  measures  cured  the 
problem  as  far  as  the  keyer 
is  concerned,  and  I  am  now 
able  to  use  it  on  the  air  with 
no  problems.  Housing  the 
keyer  in  a  grounded  metal 
cabinet  might  provide  all 
the  necessary  shielding.  Ob- 
viously, I  will  have  to  inves- 
tigate my  rf-in-the-shack 
problem  further.  The 
amount  of  rf-proofing  you 
would  need  for  this  keyer 
circuit  — or  any  other  keyer 
circuit  — would  of  course 
depend  on  how  much  rf  is  in 
your  shack. 

Final  Comments 

There  are  two  books  that 
you  should  definitely  con- 
sider obtaining  if  you  in- 
tend to  do  any  experiment- 
ing with  TTL  ICs.  The  first 
one  is  the  TTL  Cookbook  by 
Don  Lancaster,  which  I 
have  referred  to  in  this  arti- 
cle The  second  one  is  The 
TTL  Data  Book  by  Texas  In- 
struments. It  is  easy  for  a 
mistake  to  appear  in  a 
published  circuit  despite  all 
efforts  to  avoid  it,  so 
anyone  who  intends  to 
build  such  a  circuit  based 
on    TTL    ICs    will    find    it 


helpful  to  have  a  copy  of 
The  TTL  Data  Book  to 
check  pin  numbers  and 
truth  tables. 

Experimenting  with  digi- 
tal circuits  such  as  this 
keyer  can  be  a  lot  of  fun#  in 
addition  to  being  educa- 
tional. You  ought  to  give  it  a 
try,  if  you  haven't  already, 
If  this  article  encourages 
someone  to  get  started,  it 
has  served  its  main  pur- 
pose. 

There  is  one  more  thing  1 
would  like  to  mention, 
which  could  probably 
come  under  the  heading  of 
second  thoughts.  A  close 
look  at  the  waveforms  in 
Fig-  3  shows  that  the  deci- 
sion time  could  be  in- 
creased or  decreased  by 
adjusting  the  duty  cycle  of 
the  clock  waveform.  For  ex- 
ample. Fig,  6  shows  how  a 
25-percent  duty  cycle 
would  increase  t<j  from  half 
of  a  space  to  three-fourths 
of  a  space.  The  duty  cycle 
can  be  reduced  by  increas- 
ing the  RC  time  constant  of 
U11,  decreasing  the  RC 
time  constant  of  U1G,  or  a 
combination  of  both.  Of 
course,  these  changes  will 
also  affect  the  speed  range. 
I  have  not  made  any 
changes  in  my  clock  circuit, 
but  since  some  keyer  buffs 
may  feel  that  a  longer  deci- 
sion time  is  desirable,  I 
thought  I  should  point  out 
how  it  could  be  accom- 
plished ■ 


86     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     87 


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Receiving  Station"  will  no  longer  be  available  when  this  edi- 
tion is  out  of  print.  This  is  a  good  entry  level  text  for  those 
discovering  the  exciting  new  use  of  weather  satellites,  Regular 
price:  $4.95.  SPECIAL  PACKAGE  PRICE-BOTH  BOOKS  FOR 
ONLY  $10 JS,  SAVE  $2J5!  (This  offer  available  only  while  sup* 
plies  last.)  Order  WS7300  and  receive  both  editions  of  the 
Weather  Satellite  Handbook  for  only  $10.95  (plus  $1.00  shipp* 
tng  and  handling  charge). 


'Use  the  order  card  in  ihis  magazine  or  itemize  your  order  on  a  ^^arai*  nw*  ft* 
paper  and  maH  to  73  Radk>  BocSthop  •  F*e*ttt<&ft  NH  OW6 ?£TZ%P^oSl 
check  or  defied  credit  ca*d  information.  Add  St  50  handling  chame  Note Tf ices 
sutojecltp  change  on  boohs  not  published  by  73  Magazine,  OuesUdnsTeoardina  vour 
oroer>  Please  wme  to  Customer  Service  at  the  above  address  PieS Tal  ^ Tfi 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


HIGH  FREQUENCY  (20  MHz— 160  MHz) 

■  Signal  Generators  For  Receiver  Alignment 

■  Quick-Change  Plug-In  Oscillators 

Five  transistor  oscillators  covering  20  MHz-160 
MHz  Standard  77  F  calibration  tolerance  i 
.0025%,  The  frequency  tolerance  is  t  .0035%. 
Oscillator  output  is  .2  volts  (min.)  across  51  ohms. 
Power  requirement:  9  vdc  ja  10  ma.  max. 


Catalog          Oscillator            Oscillator 
Number             Type                  Range 

Oscillator 
T e m p e r a tu r e  To  1              (Less  Ciysla  1 1 
-40Tlo150DF                    Price 

035200 

OT-124 

20-40    MHz 

r  0035% 

S10.21 

035201 

OT-146 

40-60    MHz 

=  0035% 

10.21 

035202 

0T-*6* 

60-100  MHz 

-  0035% 

10.21 

035203 

DM  140 

100-140  MHz 

_  0035% 

10.21 

035204 

0T  1160 

145-160  MH* 

-  ,0035% 

10.21 

LOW  FREQUENCY  (70  KHz  -  20,000  KHz) 

■  Band  Edge  Markers 

■  Frequency  Markers  For  Oscilloscopes 

■  Portable  Signal  Standards 

■  Accessory  Cases 

Four  transistor  oscilfators  covering  70  KHz  — 
20,000  KHz,  Trimmer  capacitor  for  zeroing  crys- 
tal. When  oscillator  is  ordered  with  crystal  die 
standard  will  be  =  0025%.  Oscillator  output  is  1 
volt  (min.)  across  470  ohms.  Power  requirement: 
9  vdc  ®  10  ma  max, 


Catalog        Oscillator              Oscillator 
Number            Type                    Range 

Temperature  Tot 
-40f  to  150  f 

Oscillator 

(Less  Crystal) 

Price 

035205 

0T-T1 

70-150  KHz 

-  015% 

$10.21 

035206 
035207 

0M2A 
OT-12 

150-400  KHz 
400-5  000  KHz 

200-600  KHz-  01% 
600-5,000  KH*±. 0035% 

10.21 
10.21 

035208 

GT-13 

2.000-12  000  KHz 

•  0035% 

10.21 

035209 

OT-U 

10.000-20.000  KHz 

*  0035% 

?0.21 

SUPPLEMENTAL  CRYSTAL  ORDERING  INFORMATION 

FOR  ICM  OSCILLATORS 


Please  refer  to  the  "4"  Series  Crystal 
Specification  Sheets.  (Available  on  re* 
quest.)  Prices  on  crystals  will  vary  wth 
frequency  being  ordered. 

CALIBRATION  TEMPERATURE; 

Customer's  choice,  usually  26C 

RANGE:  Depends  on  crystal  frequency 
being  ordered 

TYPE:  CS  S)  is  recommended. 


HOLDER: 

F-605  CD  for  all  except  crystals  below 
160  KHz. 

F-13  ®  required  for  crystals  below 
160  KHz. 

LOAD;  A 

OT-11,  OT-12,  OT-12A...   24PF     ® 
OT-13.0T-14 20PF     ® 


OT-124.  OT-146.0T-16T. 

OT-1 140,  Cm  1 60  SERIES  © 

ALIGNMENT  OSCILLATORS. 
Models  8 12, 814 32PF     © 

Note   Girded  numbers  refer  to  numbers  on  Crystal 

Specification  Sheets, 

EXAMPLES 
OT-1 1  Catalog  Number  =  4  112  8  4 
(75  KHz*.  CS.  F-1 3  Holder,  24PF) 

OT-14  Catalog  Number  -433213 
(10.5  MHz4.  CS,   F*605  Holder. 
20PF) 

OT-1 140  Catalog  Number  =  4  7  4  2  10 
(120  MHz*,  CS.  F-605  Holder. 
Denes) 

*Af    4    Senes  Catatog  Numbers  requre  crystal  fre- 
Quency  speort*  I  by  Customer 


FOR  ADDITIONAL  INFORMATION  WflfTE: 


DBDui] 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1961     89 


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90     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


HAL'S 


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SALE 


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HAL  230*  MHz  DOWN  CO*i VERITAS  I FREO  RAKGE  2000/2600  «*►■ 

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NEW  -  16  LINE  DELUXE  ENCODER  S39.9S 

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AND  COMPONENTS  PRICED  AT  $14,95 

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OPERATES  ON  12  VOLT  AC  |NOT  SUPPLIED}  PROVISIONS  FOR  DC  ANO 
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COMPLETE  KIT  CONSISTING  OF  2  PC  0  ID  PRE  DRILLED  PC  BOARDS.  I  CLOCK  CHIP,  6 
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^•31 


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"HAL"       ^  J- 
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W8ZXH 


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CLOCKS  &  KITS 

SEE   THE  WORKS  CLOCK 

Our  Easiest  Clock  To  Assemble 


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Six  digits  LED  clock.  12  or  24  hour 
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Model  850 .  - $29.95 

Model  850  WT  (Factory  wired  *  tested)  ,  . , 

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Model  G850 .*•..**, $39,95 

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Model  5314 ...■«.  $29.95 


Model  5314 


MOBILE  CLOCK  KIT 


Model  2001 


6  Digit  LED  display.  12  or  24  hour 
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Accurate  crystal  time  base.  LED 
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Model  2001 R $29.95 

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60  HZ   CRYSTAL   TIME    BASE 

Enable  your  digital  clocks  to  run  on  DC  power. 

Model  TB-1 . . . . $4,95 

Model  TB-1  WT  (wired  &  tested) $9.95 

VEHICLE    INTRUSION    ALARM 

Easy  to  assemble  and  install,  this  kit  offers  options  not 
normally  found  in  other  alarm  systems.  Hidden  switch 
mounts  under  the  dash.  Kit  has  provision  of  sensors  and 
remote  control  switch.  Programmable  time  delays  for  exit, 
entry  and  alarm  periods.  Basic  hook-up  utilizes  the  dome 
light  circuit  activating  when  doors  are  opened.  The  alarm 
will  drive  a  siren  or  pulse  horn  at  a  1  HZ  rate.  Not  prone  to 
false  alarms  due  to  reliable  CMOS  circuitry.  No 
external  switch  required.  Complete  kit  with  easy  to  follow 
instructions  and  diagrams. 

Model  ALR-1  ,,.*..,♦* *** 514.95 

Model  ALR-1  WT  {wired  &  tested)  , . . , $24.95 

(10%  off  if  you  buy  3  or  more) 
TERMS:  US  &  Canada  add  5%  shipping,  handling  &  insurance. 
Foreign  orders  add  10%  (20%  airmail).  Orders  under  $20,00  add 
$1,50  extra  handling,  COD  add  $2.00  Visa/ Mastercard  welcome. 
Ohio  residents  add  4^%  sales  tax. 


Pnces  subject  to  change  without  prior  notice. 


^307 


DEBCO    ELECTRONICS 

P   0.  BOX  9169  DEPT.  K 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO    45209 

Phone:  (513)  531-4499 


-*5»0  List  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     91 


Bill  Zachary  N60P 
636  Panrtdge  Ave. 
Mento  Park  CA  94025 


The  Contest  Cookbook 

basic  strategy  and  tactics 


A  contest  QSO  differs 
from  a  regular  QSO  in 
that  it  is  short  and  in  that  a 
particular  message  must  be 
exchanged.  The  techniques 
of  getting  into  a  contest 
QSO  are  similar  to  those 
used  to  initiate  a  regular 
QSO  or,  especially,  a  DX 
QSO,  but  they  are  generally 
performed  at  a  higher  rate 
of  speed.  Thus  it  is  not  all 
that  difficult  for  any  active 
operator  to  join  in  the  con- 
test fray  once  he  has  read 
and  understood  the  contest 
rules.  However,  to  do  well 
in  a  contest  (and  this  can 
mean  anything  from  sur- 
passing your  own  previous 
best  score  to  actually  win- 
ning the  contest)  takes 
some  knowledge,  experi- 
ence, and  work. 

This  article  will  attempt 
to  add  to  your  knowledge 
by  suggesting  strategies  and 
techniques  which  have 
worked  for  successful  con- 
testers  in  the  past.  More  im- 
portant, though,  through 
your  own  experience  you 
will  come  to  know:  (1)  your- 
self (your  capabilities  and 
limitations  as  a  contest  op- 
erator); (2)  your  station  (its 
capabilities  and  limitations 
in  any  particular  contest  sit- 
uation), and  (3)  propagation 
(both  the  basic  patterns  in 
your  particular  geographi- 
cal location  and  the  recent 
fluctuations  in  this  pattern), 
According  to  W3ZZ  and 
others,  this  combination  of 


experience  and  knowledge 
plus  practice,  practice,  and 
more  practice  will  make 
you  the  best  contester  you 
can  be. 

The  Basic  Goal 

of  Contesting 

Enough  of  the  philoso- 
phy—though it  is  tried  and 
true  and  should  not  be  ne- 
glected, it  makes  dull  read- 
ing! Let's  look  at  the  basic 
goals  of  a  typical  contest 
operator.  Besides  having 
funp  he  usually  tries  to  make 
the  best  possible  score  in 
the  time  available.  To  do 
this,  he  must  make  as  many 
contacts  as  he  can.  Many 
contests  are  scored  by  mul- 
tiplying total  contacts  by  a 
"multiplier"  factor  (multi- 
pliers will  be  discussed  else- 
where in  this  article),  For 
now,  let's  focus  on  making 
contacts,  the  most  basic 
goal  in  contesting. 

Each  contact  consists  of 
an  exchange  of  some  stan- 
dardized message,  and  only 
a  limited  amount  of  time  is 
available  in  which  to  make 
these  contacts  Therefore,  a 
basic  strategy  for  achieving 
a  better  score  is  to  speed  up 
the  rate  of  message  ex- 
change or,  in  other  words, 
to  improve  your  ability  to 
transmit  and  receive  rapid 
communications  through 
(typically)  heavy  QRM,  An- 
other basic  strategy  is  to 
minimize  the  time  between 
contacts,  to  maximize  the 


rate  at  which  contacts  are 
made. 

The  Exchange 

Very  little  can  be  said 
here  about  improving  the 
receiving  end  of  the  ex- 
change other  than  to  urge 
practice.  Upgrading  your 
station  equipment  may  also 
help,  but  don't  underesti- 
mate your  own  ability  to 
compensate  for  less  than 
ideal  gear.  Believe  it  or 
not,  the  combination  of  the 
human  ear  and  brain  is  the 
best  audio  filter  available 
today,  and  it  is  extremely 
sensitive  as  well.  Practice 
will  maximize  your  own 
amazing  capabilities. 

On  the  topic  of  sending, 
more  may  be  said.  Let's 
take  a  simple  example  that 
is  known  to  almost  every- 
one who  has  dabbled  in 
contesting:  the  ARRL  Field 
Day  exchange.  All  one 
needs  to  get  across  in  a 
Field  Day  contact  is  his  call, 
class,  and  ARRL  section.  To 
do  this  as  rapidly  as  possi- 
ble, send  each  piece  of  in- 
formation once: 

CW:"W6XYZ/61C  EBde 
WB6CEP/6K." 

PH:  "W6XYZ  portable  6, 
1C  East  Bay  from  WB6CEP 
mobile  6,  over," 

Notice  how  clear  but 
brief  the  above  message  is. 
Repeat  calls  or  parts  of  the 
message    on    the   first    ex- 


change only  if  the  station 

you  are  working  is  very 
weak  or  if  its  operator  does 
not  sound  as  though  he 
knows  what  he  is  doing.  For 
most  contacts,  though, 
send  each  piece  of  informa- 
tion just  once,  and  youll  be 
surprised  how  often  that  is 
all  that  is  needed.  If  some- 
one does  ask  for  a  repeat, 
be  sure  to  repeat  only  what 
he  is  missing.  In  other 
words,  if  you  are  asked 
"What's  your  section?",  just 
give  the  section  (in  the 
above  example:  "East 
Bay").  If  that  still  doesn't 
get  through,  then  repeat  the 
section  several  times  — plus 
your  callsign  to  assure  the 
other  operator  that  he  is  lis- 
tening to  the  correct  signal. 
On  phone,  it  really  does 
help  to  use  phonetics.  The 
standard  ICAO  phonetics, 
or  other  commonly  used 
phonetics,  are  highly  rec- 
ommended. "Whiskey  2 
Fuzzy  Wuzzy  Gorilla"  [or 
whatever)  is  an  attention- 
getting  crack-up  only  if 
W2FWC  has  a  good  signal; 
otherwise  it's  usually  a 
waste  of  time. 

The  above  method  is  not 
always  best,  and  as  you  be- 
come a  more  experienced 
contester,  you  wrtl  gain  the 
ability  to  sense  how  much 
of  the  exchange  should  be 
sent  and  how  often,  in  any 
given  situation.  The  point  is 
that  the  shorter  you  make 
your    messages,    the    more 


92     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


contacts  you  are  likely  to 
make. 

The  other  major  com- 
ment regarding  the  sending 
of  exchanges  is  pretty 
straightforward  Improve 
your  sending  ability  so  that 
you  can  send  your  ex- 
change as  fast  as  the  person 
you  are  working  can  copy. 
Estimating  just  how  fast  the 
other  operator  can  copy  is  a 
skill  that  comes  only  with 
experience  — but  if  you  can- 
not send  that  fast,  such  an 
estimate  will  be  less  help- 
ul  Practice! 

mproving  the  Contact 
late:  CQ  vs.  Search-and* 
*ounce 

Now  let's  look  at  the  con- 

;ept  of  improving  score  by 

increasing  rate.  The  easiest 

^ay  to  "keep  the  rate  up"  is 

o  call  CQ  and  get  others  to 

nswer  you.  To  accomplish 

his  effectively,  a  loud  sig- 

al  is  normally  required.  A 

owerful    transmitter    plus 

*ncy,    high-gain    antennas 

n  big  towers  will  give  you 

loud  signal,  but  this  is  a 

rohibitively  expensive  so- 

ttion  for  many.  However, 

/en  a  so-called  "little  gun" 

in  be  a  big  signal  at  cer- 

lin    times,    on    certain 

ands,  and  into  certain  geo- 

■aphical  areas.  When  any 

:  these  conditions   holds 

>d    people    are    there    to 

ork,  by  all  means  call  CQ 

gardless  of  what  kind  of 

*nal    you    have    at    your 

>mmand. 

At  the  beginning  of  the 
Dical  contest,    'big  guns" 
II    call    CQ    and    be    an- 
ered  by  those  with  weak- 
signals.  An  exception  is 
tere  some  types  of  sta- 
ns  are  rarer  than  others; 
example,  an  operator  in 
rare   country  may   have 
rcess  calling  CQ  with  a 
ativety  weak  signal.  For 
\    majority   of    stateside 
7  testers  in  most  contests, 
wever,  the  big  guns  will 
the  initial  CQers.  As  the 
itest  wears  on,  the  weak- 
tignals  will  have  worked 
big  guns  and  will   be 
king  for  new  stations  to 


contact  At  this  point  the 
successful  little  gun  will 
search  the  band  for  a  rela- 
tively clear  frequency  that 
still  has  some  contest  activ- 
ity near  it  and  try  a  few  CQs 
there,  If  it  works,  he  should 
continue  to  call  CQ;  if  not 
he  should  go  back  to  calling 
others,  Towards  the  end  of 
the  contest  the  big  guns 
will  have  run  their  pileups 
dry  If  a  little  gun  calls  CQ 
then,  he  is  very  likely  to  at- 
tract big  guns  hungrily 
searching  for  that  one  addi- 
tional contact 

As  the  contest  progress- 
es, band  conditions  will 
fluctuate.  If  the  little  gun 
who  is  calling  others  sud- 
denly finds  that  he  is  get- 
ting answers  on  the  first  call 
to  the  stations  he  is  work- 
ing, this  indicates  good 
propagation  conditions, 
though  often  to  only  a  par- 
ticular part  of  the  US  or  the 
world  (depending  on  what 
type  of  contest  it  is),  If  that 
particular  part  is  at  all  heav- 
ily populated  with  contest- 
oriented  amateurs,  he 
should  shift  to  a  clear  fre- 
quency and  try  some  CQs+ 

Certain  bands  tend  to  be 
better  for  weak-signal  CQs 
than  others.  The  higher 
bands  — fifteen  and  ten  me- 
ters—are very  good  when 
they  are  open.  Little  guns 
should  keep  a  close  watch 
on  these  bands  for  good  op- 
enings which  will  allow 
them  to  call  CQ— and  get 
answers! 

Finally,  even  a  little  gun 
will  be  quite  loud  locally  in 
a  domestic  contest  espe- 
cially on  40  and  80  meters. 
An  occasional  CQ  will 
often  produce  short  "runs" 
or  "strings"  of  contacts 
with  local  operators,  espe- 
cially when  the  little  gun  is 
a  fresh  signal  on  the  band. 

When  calling  CQ  fails, 
one  must  answer  the  CQs  of 

others  or  suffer  a  drastic 
drop  in  his  contact  rate. 
This  method  of  making  con- 
tacts is  commonly  referred 
to  as  "searching-and-pounc- 
ing"  (S  &  P).  One  searches 
the  band  for  a  station  he 


hasn't  worked  yet,  then 
pounces  on  that  station  and 
gives  a  call.  Very  skilled  op- 
erators can  make  QSOs 
almost  as  rapidly  by  search- 
ing-and-pouncing  as  by  call- 
ing CQ,  but  it  is  a  more  diffi- 
cult technique  to  master 
and  requires  greater  opera- 
tor effort.  Again,  practice  is 
important. 

Let's  first  consider  the 
"search"  portion  of  the 
search-and-pounce  meth- 
od. You  want  to  find  a  sta- 
tion that  you  have  not  yet 
worked,  preferably  one  that 
is  just  finishing  a  "CQ  Con- 
test" or  "QRZ  Contest"  as 
you  tune  across  it,  A  loud 
station  will  be  easier  for 
you  to  copy  — but  it  may 
have  more  search-and- 
pounce  types  calling  it,  so 
take  your  choice.  A  fast 
smooth  operator  will  proba- 
bly work  you  sooner  than  a 
slow  and/or  unsure  one. 

While  searching,  be  sure 
to  tune  across  the  entire 
portion  of  the  band  in 
which  there  is  contest  activ- 
ity. Stations  on  the  fringes 
may  be  easier  to  work  be- 
cause the  competition  is 
less.  The  bug  guns  tend  to 
congregate  near  the  low 
end  of  the  band  in  major 
CW  contests  and  DX  phone 
contests,  while  during  ma- 
jor domestic  phone  con- 
tests, the  action  is  heaviest 
near  the  bottom  end  of  the 
General  class  phone  band. 
Once  you  have  worked 
some  of  the  big  guns, 
search  more  carefully  up 
towards  the  higher  end  of 
the  band  (or  jn  the  Ad- 
vanced class  phone  band 
during  domestic  contests) 
for  weaker  {and  often  slow- 
er) CQs  Constantly  sweep 
and  re-sweep  across  the 
band,  as  new  stations  will 
appear  (and  disappear)  at  a 
surprising  rate. 

When  your  search  un- 
earths a  juicy  new  station  to 
work,  several  "pounce" 
considerations  must  be  ex- 
amined critically.  First,  how 
heavy  is  your  competition? 
If  many  stations  are  calling, 
or  if  a  number  of  bigger  sta- 


tions are  calling,  try  only  1-3 
calls  and  move  on  — unless 
the  new  station  is  a  multi- 
plier (see  the  next  section 
for  a  discussion  of  multi- 
pliers). Under  most  condi- 
tions, your  rate  will  tend  to 
drop  drastically  if  you  sit  on 
any  one  station's  frequency 
for  more  than  a  couple  of 
minutes.  A  superior  alter- 
native is  to  try  your  luck 
elsewhere  and  then  come 
back  later  to  check  if  the 
competition  has  lessened 
and/or  propagation  into 
that  area  has  improved  for 
you. 

Second,  exactly  what  is 
the  new  station  working?  If 
local  stations  with  signal 
strengths  comparable  to 
your  own  are  getting  an- 
swered, the  chances  are 
very  good  that  you  can  get 
through,  too.  If  only  sta- 
tions considerably  louder 
than  yours  are  being 
worked  or  if  the  stations  be- 
ing worked  are  mostly  lo- 
cated in  other  geographical 
regions,  your  chances  are 
not  so  hot  With  experience, 
you  will  develop  a  feel  for 
the  probability  of  contact- 
ing a  given  station  under  a 
certain  set  of  band  and 
competition  conditions. 

Third,  as  was  mentioned 

earlier,  the  faster,  smoother 
operator  will  usually  work 
you  sooner  than  a  poorer 
operator  if  the  size  of  their 
respective  pileups  is  about 
the  same. 

When  actually  answering 
a  contest  CQ,  keep  it  short. 
The  preferred  method  is  to 
send:  "de  K6PU/' Then  send 
his  call  as  part  of  your  ex- 
change if  and  when  you  ac- 
tually do  work  him.  If  this 
technique  causes  confu- 
sion, send  both  his  call  and 
your  call,  possibly  repeat- 
ing your  call  once. 

With  light  competition 
on  CW,  or  in  most  instances 
when  operating  phone  (the 
exception  is  split-frequency 
operation  with  a  DX 
station),  zero-beat  the  de- 
sired station  as  you  would 
in  any  regular  QSO.  With 
heavy    competition,    more 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     93 


finesse  is  required  to  break 
through  Time  your  call  for 
a    lull    in    average    signal 

strength  on  the  frequency, 
or  try  shifting  slightly  to 
either  side  of  the  desired 
station's  frequency  if 
operating  CW 

Finally,  there  will  be 
times  when  both  calling  CQ 
and  high-rate  searching- 
and-pouncing  will  no  longer 
work.  You  then  have  three 
choices:  change  bands, 
take  a  break,  or  search-and- 
pounce  at  a  low  rate  Band 
changes  and  rest  pauses 
will  be  covered  in  succeed- 
ing sections  Low-rate 
search-and-pounce  requires 
much  patience  and  the  con- 
viction that  each  new  con- 
tact is  worthwhile  because 
it  improves  your  score.  The 
"doldrums"  are  among 
those  challenges  of  contest- 
ing which  separate  the 
good  con  tester  from  the  al- 
soran,  so  hang  in  there  - 
and  pray  for  better  condi- 
tions soon! 

Multipliers 

Scoring  in  a  few  contests 

is  based  entirety  on  total 
contacts.  Field  Day  is  a 
good  example  of  this  type 
of  contest  though  it  does 
contain  certain  bonus  fac- 
tors for  portable  stations 
which  we  will  ignore  for  the 
moment  However,  most 
contests  complicate  the 
scoring  procedure  — and 
thereby  alter  contest  strate- 
gy significantly  — by  throw- 
ing in  a  multiplying  factor. 
The  "multiplier''  is  usually 
the  sum  of  the  number  of 
distinct  geographical  areas 
contacted  (with  the  defini- 
tion of  what  is  a  "distinct 
geographical  area"  varying 
from  contest  to  contest). 

Some  examples  will 
probably  illustrate  the  mul- 
tiplier concept  most  readi- 
ly. In  the  Sweepstakes  Con- 
test, the  multiplier  is  the 
sum  of  ARRL  sections  con- 
tacted. If  you  work  a  sta- 
tion in  each  of  the  74  sec- 
tions,  your  score  will  be: 
SS  Score  =  Total  Number 
of  QSOs  x  2  X  74  sections 


In  the  CQ  Worldwide 
DX  Contest  the  multiplier  is 
the  sum  of  the  countries 
and  zones  worked  on  every 
band  For  example: 
CQ  WW  Multiplier  =  20 
countries  plus  10  zones  on 
40  meters  and  50  countries 
and  20  zones  on  20  meters 
»  (20  +  10)  +  [50  +  20)  = 
1 00  (if  one  operated  only  on 
20  and  40  meters  in  that 
particular  contest). 

In  the  California  QSO 
Party,  the  multiplier  for 
non*California  stations  is 
the  number  of  California 
counties  worked. 

So  much  for  what  a  mul- 
tiplier is— now  let's  take  a 
look  at  what  effects  a  multi- 
plying factor  has  on  contest 
strategy.  In  a  typical  con- 
test your  contact  total  will 
be  significantly  larger  than 
your  multiplier  factor. 
Thus,  each  additional  mul- 
tiplier contact  is  worth  a  lot 
more  than  each  additional 
non-multiplier  contact  — 
often  five  times  as  much, 
sometimes  ten  times  as 
much,  and  possibly  twenty 
times  as  much!  However, 
finding  an  additional  multi- 
plier to  work,  or  breaking 
through  a  pileup  of  twenty 
other  stations  who  also 
need  him  for  a  multiplier, 
may  take  even  more  time 
than  contacting  an  addi- 
tional five  or  ten  "ordinary" 
stations.  Herein  lies  another 
major  challenge  of  contest* 
ing;  to  balance  contact  rate 
and  multiplier  total  in  such 
a  way  as  to  maximize  your 
score. 

There  is  no  simple  an- 
swer to  this  dilemma  The 
best  compromise  depends 
upon  a  host  of  factors:  the 
contest  in  which  you  are 
operating,  your  signal 
strength,  your  operating 
ability  (especially  your  abil- 
ity to  search-and-pounce 
rapidly),  band  conditions, 
your  geographical  location, 
etc  Multipliers  are  general- 
ly easier  to  come  by  natur- 
ally in  the  course  of  making 
contacts  in  domestic,  as  op- 
posed to  DX,  contests,  In 
Sweepstakes,  for  example. 


the  first  fifty  to  sixty  multi- 
pliers are  almost  automatic 
for  the  active  participant 
while  the  remainder  of  the 
seventy-four  possible  multi- 
pliers become  progressively 
tougher  to  accumulate. 

Experience  in  any  given 
contest  will  teach  you 
which  multipliers  are  rela- 
tively rare;  if  you  hear  one 
of  these,  spend  a  little  more 
time  trying  to  work  him 
than  you  would  on  a  nor- 
mal contact  Beware, 
though,  of  sitting  on  a  rare 
multiplier's  frequency  for 
long  periods  of  time.  Unless 
contacts  are  really  coming 
slowly,  call  a  multiplier  sev- 
eral times,  note  his  frequen- 
cy if  you  miss  him,  and  try 
again  every  five  to  ten  min- 
utes. As  his  pileup  (and  rare 
multipliers  usually  do  have 
pileups!)  dies  down,  and  as 
band  conditions  improve, 
your  chances  of  working 
him  become  better.  On  the 
other  hand,  if  band  condi- 
tions become  poorer,  you 
may  never  get  another 
chance  to  work  him. 

It  is  difficult,  at  the  basic 
level,  to  provide  any  further 
solid  tips  on  multipliers 
which  will  hold  for  all  or 
even  most  contests.  This  is 
something  one  really  needs 
to  develop  a  feel  for 
through  experience. 

Changing  Bands 

It  is  clear  by  now  that 

there  are  two  major  goals  in 
most  contests:  making  a 
high  contact  rate  and  col- 
lecting multipliers.  Simply 
stated,  you  should  change 
bands  only  when  by  doing 
so  you  will  improve  your 
rate  and/or  add  some  new 
multipliers  to  your  total. 

In  contests  where  you 
may  work  a  station  once  on 
each    different    band  {CQ 

Worldwide,  ARRL  DX,  Field 
Day,  etc  1  the  best  general 
strategy  is  to  operate  on  the 
highest  band  that  is  open.  If 
the  opening  is  not  a  par- 
ticularly good  one,  your 
rate  will  suffer.  In  that  case, 
it  may  be  best  to  grab  what 
multipliers  you  can  quickly 


and  then  QSY  to  the  next 
band  down  (for  example, 
from  fifteen  to  twenty). 

Sweepstakes  is  a  good  ex- 
ample of  a  contest  in  which 
you  may  contact  each  sta- 
tion only  once,  regardless 
of  band.  In  such  contests 
you  should  strive  to  be  on 
the  band  which  will  pro- 
duce the  highest  rate,  and 
pay  less  attention  to  mar- 
ginal opernings  on  the  high- 
er  bands  However,  a  good 
high-band  (15  and  10)  open- 
ing can  really  boost  a  score 
(especially  a  little  gun's,  as 
noted  earlier),  so  it  is  impor- 
tant to  monitor  other  bands 
for  possible  openings.  This 
involves  interrupting  your 
operating  whenever  your 
rate  slows,  switching  your 
receiver  to  any  other  bands 
which  might  be  open,  and 
quickly  turning  across  the 
band. 

If  a  given  band  appear? 
to  be  active,  listen  mort 
carefully  to  see  if  the  activi 
ty  level  there  is  higher  thar 
that  of  the  band  on  whid 
you  have  been  operating- 
and/or  check  for  multiplier 
you  still  need.  Choose  th< 
band  likely  to  be  the  mos 
productive  for  you  in  term 
of  contacts  or  multipliers 
and  either  stay  put  or  QSY 
The  importance  of  monitoi 
ing  other  bands  is  eve 
greater  when  you  may  wor 
the  same  station  on  eac 
band,  so  by  all  means  do 
and  your  score  will  almoj 
surely  improve. 

A  cost  of  such  monito 
ing  is  the  time  lost  in  at 
justing  your  receiver  to  li 
ten  on  each  different  ban 
plus  the  time  required  t 
tune  around  the  band.  Th 
technique  of  tuning  aroun 
the  band  rapidly  has  z 
ready  been  discussed.  R 
ceiver  adjustment  — or  th 
even  more  time-consumir 
task  of  tweaking  both  trar 
mitter  and  receiver- 
something  which  can  I 
speeded  up  tremendous 
through  practice  and  or 
simple  trick, 

Place  some  white  stic 
on  labels  (masking  tape  w 


M     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


also    work    OK)    on    your 
transmitter,  receiver,  ampli- 
fier, etc.,  panels  just  above 
all  controls  which  must  be 
adjusted    when    a    band 
change  is  made.  Pick  out  a 
band  — eighty    meters,    for 
example  — and  tune  up.  Di- 
rectly opposite  the  pointer 
line  or  dot  on  each  tuning 
knob,  make  a  mark  on  the 
label  or  tape  and  write  "80" 
next  to  it  Do  the  same  thing 
for  every  other  band  you 
will   use   in  the   upcoming 
contest,  Now  all  you  have 
to  do  to  change  bands  is 
turn  the  bandswitch  and  ro- 
tate each  control  knob  until 
it  lines  up  with  the  appropri- 
ate marker.  Very  few  con- 
trols are  so  touchy  that  if 
you  are  off  by  a  fraction, 
performance  will   degrade 
sharply;  if  one  or  two  are 
particularly  touchy,  spend 
an  extra  second  or  two  to 
tweak  them  up  after  the  ba- 
sic   changes    have    been 
made.  There  is  seldom  any- 
thing to  be  gained  by  being 
perfectly  tuned    in   a   con- 
test; a  few  Watts  more  or 
less  are  unlikely  to  make 
much  difference.  The  time 
you  save  by  using  this  tech- 
nique often  does  make  a 
difference,  though,  as  band 
hanging  now  can  be  ac- 
complished in  ten  seconds 
>r  less! 

A  final  basic  considera- 

ion  when  changing  bands 

;  your  antenna  system    If 

ome  of  your  antennas  per- 

Drm  better  than  others,  a 

*nsible  strategy  is  to  spend 

tore  time  using  those  an- 

Minas!  For  example,  with  a 

Dllection  of  dipoles  and  a 

>ur-element    20-meter 

?am,  you  probably  would 

3  better  to  spend  much 

ore   time   on    the    beam 

an  you  would  on  the  one 

'    the    dipoles,    However, 

is  may  not  always  be  the 

•st  strategy.  To  continue 

th  the  beam-plus-dipoles 

ample,  it  is  highly  likely 

at  if  your  station  happens 

be  located  in  the  North- 

st  and  you  are  operating 

the  Sweepstakes  Contest, 

*  BOmeter  dipole  would 


be  your  "best"  antenna. 
Thus  it  is  critical  to  deter- 
mine through  actual  on-the- 
air  tests  which  of  your 
antennas  performs  best  in 
which  directions  and  in 
which  types  of  contests 
(local,  domestic,  DX,  etc  ) 
In  other  words,  know  your 
station. 

Rest  Periods 

As  was  the  case  with 
changing  bands,  the  basic 
underlying  philosophy  in 
determining  when  to  take  a 
break  is  quite  simple;  Rest 
when  your  rate  will  be  low 
and  when  you  will  be  un- 
likely to  collect  many  mul- 
tipliers Unfortunately,  as 
was  also  the  case  with 
changing  bands,  deciding 
more  concretely  at  which 
specific  time  periods  such 
conditions  will  hold  is  not 
so  easy.  The  question  of 
when  to  rest  is  further  com- 
plicated by  your  own  physi- 
cal endurance  limitations, 
which  will  often  supersede 
rate  and  multiplier  con- 
siderations, 

Propagation  is  a  key  fac- 
tor is  determining  when  to 
rest.  When  one  or  more 
bands  are  open  to  an  area 
where  other  contest  partici- 
pants are  available  to  be 
worked,  it  is  usually  best  to 
be  on  the  air  — especially  if 
the  areas  concerned  are 
highly-populated  ones. 
Propagation  is  such  a  com- 
plex function  of  type  of 
contest,  geographical  loca- 
tions, time  of  day,  year, 
sunspot  cycle,  etc.,  that  few 
generalizations  can  be 
made  about  it  which  will 
hold  more-or-less  true  for 
all  US  contesters.  However, 
one  generalization  is  that 
propagation  peaks  occur  at 
sunrise  and  sunset,  while 
midday  is  a  low  point.  This 
is  particularly  true  in  DX 
contests,  so  the  middle  of 
the  day  is  a  time  when 
many  top  contesters  take  a 
several  hour  nap  (if  they 
need  it)  in  a  DX  contest. 

Most  DX  contests  do  not 

have  required  rest  pauses; 
you  may  operate  the  entire 


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forty-eight  hours  [or  what- 
ever) if  you  have  the  stami- 
na.  If  you  do  not  and  re- 
quire more  than  a  nap  in  the 
middle   of   each   day,    the 
next   best  approach   is   to 
take    a   short    break    when 
your  efficiency   drops   off 
and    operating    is    pretty 
much  a  waste  of  time  any- 
way (e.g.,  in  the  wee  hours 
of  the  morning).  Since  the 
excitement  of  a  good  open- 
ing will  tend  to  wake  you 
up,  while  low  levels  of  ac- 
tivity will  usually  have  the 
opposite  effect,  this  is  not 
too  bad  a  system  for  most 
operators  Of  course,  if  you 
know  from  experience  (or 
from    conversations    with 
knowledgeable  locals)  when 
to  expect  good  openings  to 
various  parts  of  the  world, 
you  will  do  even  better  if 
you  take  your  breaks   be- 
tween  predicted  openings. 
The    rest-pause    strategy 
for  domestic  contests  is  a 
bit   different   than   for   DX 
contests.   Here,  everyone's 


day  and  night  very  nearly 
coincide,  and  the  contests 
are  generally  shorter  (20-30 
hours).  The  best  time  to 
take  a  nap  in  a  domestic 
contest  is  during  the  wee 
hours  of  the  morning.  A 
common  strategy  is  to  oper- 
ate on  forty  and  eighty  until 
the  rate  drops  off  notice- 
ably, then  sack  out  until 
dawn.  If  rest  pauses  are  re- 
quired—you must,  for  ex- 
ample, operate  no  more 
than  twenty-four  hours  out 
of  thirty  in  Sweepstakes  — 
the  additional  breaks  are 
best  taken  in  short  bursts  of 
fifteen  to  twenty  minutes 
any  time  the  rate  drops  off. 
In  any  contest,  if  at  all 
possible,  it  is  not  wise  to 
take  long  breaks.  As  propa- 
gation prediction  is  not  an 
exact  science,  the  success- 
ful contester  must  con- 
stantly monitor  any  band 
which  might  be  open.  Most 
people  have  difficulty  do- 
ing this  while  they  are 
asleep!  ■ 


■e  ttst  of  Adversers  on  page  t30 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1961     95 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     97 


Ever  tried  to  read  computer  sales  literature? 

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98     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


WACOM 


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V7S4 


easy 

to 

enarge 


RO  BOX  06017 

Ft  Myers,  Florida  33906 
all  phones  1013)  936  2397 


ONLY 

$14995  K,T 

Wired  and  Fully  Tested 
$199,95 


Shipping  $3.50  m  USA 
N  Y  S.  Residents  Add 
4%  Sales  Tax 


NOVAX  interfaces  your  standard  2  meter;  220;  450;  etc.  base  station 
and  DTMF  telephone,  using  a  high  speed  scan  switching  technique  so 
that  you  can  direct  dial  from  your  automobile  or  with  the  HT  from  the 
backyard  or  poolside— automatical^ 

•  SMALLSIZE-{5"*6"x2") 

•  STATE  OF  THE  ART 
CIRCUITRY  12-16  VD.C. 

•  ADJUSTABLE  ACTIVITY  TIMER 


EASY  INTERFACING  with 
radio  autio  &  squelch  circuit 

SINGLE  DIGIT  CONTROL 
(connect  and  disconnect) 


(cfears  out  if  mobile  is  out  of  range)   *  3  MIN,  CALL  DURATJON  TIMER 

TO  ORDER— SEND  check— money  order  (MasterCard  or  Visa  accepted) 
to:  R,  W.  D,  Inc.,  Onskany.  N,  Y  13424  or  call  315-736-3087 


tee  Ltsr  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     99 


WtlhamP.  Smith  KJLf 

R.a  #2 

Cold  Spring  Creamery  Road 
Doyl&xown  PA  1890 1 


The  $50  Sweeper 

build  this  audio  function  generator 
and  sweep  your  troubles  away 


One  OJ  my  favorite  as 
_  pects  of  ham  radio  is 
audio  circuitry,  and  I  am 
constantly  constructing 
amplifiers,  filters,  and  other 
devices  which  operate  with- 
in the  audio  spectrum.  In 
order  to  evaluate  my  proj- 


ects, I  built  the  swept  func- 
tion generator  described 
here  to  use  in  conjunction 
with  my  oscilloscope. 

The  generator  features  a 
frequency  range  of  ,05  Hz  to 
300  kHz,  digital  frequency 
display,  and  a  sweep  range 


of  1000  1  or  better.  The  unit 
produces  sine,  triangle,  and 
square  waves  as  well  as  left- 
or  right-sloped  ramps  and 
pulses  with  an  adjustable 
duty  cycle  of  1  %  to  99%. 
The  outputs  may  be  ampli- 
tude-   or    frequency-mod- 


Photo  A.  The  completed  swept  function  generator.  The  knob  labeled  F1  is  the  primary  fre- 
quency control  and  is  mounted  on  a  3:1  gear  drive.  The  SIN/TRI  output  jack  also  provides  a 
ramp  function.  All  unlabeled  jacks  are  grounds,  except  the  jack,  far  left,  which  is  the 
variable  dc  output 


ulated  by  an  external  signal 

and  adjusted  in  amplitude 
from  six  volts  peak-to-peak 
down  to  millivolts.  The  sine, 
triangle,  and  square  waves 
may  be  swept  in  frequency 
by  a  built-in  linear  sweep 
circuit  or  by  an  external 
signal  The  cost  is  in  the 
$50  00  range  if  you  have  a 
moderately  stocked  junk 
box.  The  majority  of  the 
parts  are  stocked  by  Radio 
Shack  About  half  of  the 
cost  is  in  the  digital  fre- 
quency display,  which  may 
be  easily  replaced  with  a 
frequency  counter  or  an 
analog  scale. 

The  entire  unit  consists 
of  the  function  generator 
circuits,  the  sweep  circuits, 
the  digital  display  circuits, 
and  the  power  supply.  The 
function  generator  circuits 
actually  contain  two  func- 
tion generators,  designated 
the  primary  and  secondary, 
and  labeled  11  and  F2  in  the 
picture  of  the  front  panel 
(Photo  A)  The  two  genera 
tors  may  be  set  indepen 
dently  of  each  other  and  i 
is  possible  to  shift  betweer 
the  two  merely  by  changing 
the  logic  level  at  the  FSH 
jack   The  amplitude  of  tin 


100     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


TEN-TEC  Solid-State  Transceivers  -  Low  AES  Prices 


TEN-TEC  Model  546  OMNI/Series-C  All  solid-state, 
200  watt  SSB/CW  HF  Transceiver.  9  HF  bands,  160-IOm 
including  10, 18  &  24.5  ftflhz  &  10  MHz  WWV;  40  KHz  VFO 
overran.  Instant  band  change,  no  tune-up,  100%  duty 
cycle,  20  min.  Digital  readout,  si*  0.43"  LEDs  -  reads  to 
100  Hz,  Mosfet  rf  amp,  sensitivity  0,3  uV  for  10  db  S  + 
N/N  ratio,  90  dB  dynamic  range;  18  dB  attenuator  for 
strong  local  signals.  8-pole  2A  KHz  SSB  filter,  1.7  shape 
factor  @  6/60  dB  and  audio  active  filter.  Select  standard 
SSB  filter,  optional  1.8  KHz  SSB  fitter  or  optional  CW  filter 
plus  450  Hz  or  150  Hz  of  audio  filtering,  50  dB  notch  filter, 
±  500  Hz  &  i  4  KHz  offset  tuning,  2-speerj  QSK  instant 
break-in.  VOX  or  PTT,  adjustable  threshold  ALCh  S/SWR 
meter,  sidetoneT  Hi-Z  mia  input,  built-in  spfcr.  1244 
VDC/ 184  bW'h  -  14&>*  14*d(  14  fe  lbs. 

Regular  $1289  -  Sale  Price  $1059 

OMNI  Accessories; 

280  ISA  power  supply  (Reg.  $169) 

255  Deluxe  ps  w/speafcer  (Reg.  $199) 

217  500  Hz  8-pole  CW  fitt  (Reg.  $55) .. 

218  1.8  KHz  8  pole  SSB  filt  (Reg.  $55) 

219  250  Hz  6-po)e  CW  filter  (Reg.  $55) 
243  Remote  VFO  (Regular  $  189)..,..,, 
1140  DC  circuit  breaker. 


SALE  $152* 
SALE    179" 


SALE 

SALE 
SALE 
SALE 


'  +  i  +  ii*i-i-p*-P4-*«i-q   i 


49* 
49* 
49* 

169* 
10* 


TEN-TEC  Model  580  DELTA  All  solid-state,  200  watt 
SSB/CW  HF  Transceiver.  9  HF  bands,  160- 10m  including 
10, 18  &  24.5  Mhz  &  10  MHz  WWV;  40  KHz  VFO  overrun. 
Instant  band  change,  no  tune-up.  100%  duty  cycle,  20 
minutes,  Digital  readout,  six  0.3"  LEDs  -  reads  to  100  H^ 
Sensitivity  0,3  uVfor  10  db  S  +  N/N  ratio,  85  dB  or  better 
dynamic  range.  8-pole  2.4  KHz  SSB  filter  &  audio  active 
filters.  Select  the  standard  SSB  filter,  standard  SSB  filter 
with  one  section  of  audio  filter,  optional  250  Hz  or  500  Hz 
CW  filter  or  CW  filter  with  four  audio  active  filter  sections. 
50  dB  notch,  ±  1  Khz  offset  tuning,  QSK  instant  break-in, 
VOX  Of  PTT,  adj,  AGC  &  drive,  20  dB  artery  S/SWR  meter, 
extra  receiver  jack,  sidetone,  Hi-Z  mic  input,  built-in  spkr. 
12-14  VDC  @  ISA.  4Wh  *  U%"w*  15"d,  12H  lbs. 

Regular  $869  -  Sale  Price  $769** 

2S0  ISA  power  supply  (Regular  $169) ..  SALE  $152* 

255  Deluxe  ps  w/speaker  (Reg.  $199).,,  SALE  175" 

282  250  Hz  6-pole  CW  filter 50« 

285  500  Hz  6  pole  CW  filter,..,, 45« 

283  Remote  VFO  (Regular  $189).. SALE  169" 

289  Noise  blanker .... , 39°° 

1140  DC  circuft  breaker. 10* 


TEN-TEC  Model  444  HERCULES  All  Solid-State,  KW 
Linear  Amplifier  for  160  to  15  meters  -  1.8  to  21.5  MHz 
with  provisions  for  4  Aux.  bands.  Broad  banded,  no  tune- 
up,  instant  break-in.  1000  watts  input,  500-600  watte 
output  typical,  a  J I  bands;  50  watts  drive,  Duty  cycle  -  SSB: 
Continuous  voice  modulation;  CW/RTTY:  50%,  5  minutes 
maximum  key  down.  Manual  band  switching,  or  automatic 
when  using  the  OMNI.  Separate  45  VOC  @  24  A  power 
supply  and  butlt-tn  control  power  supply,  forced  air 
cooJed,  automatic  line  voltage  correction  and  exciter  by- 
pass, two  meters  for  collector  l/E  and  forward/ reverse 
power,  adj,  ALC+  6  LEO  monitors.  Amplifier:  SWh  *  16"w  * 
15^'d,  22  lbs;  Supply:  7¥?h*lWv*  13^'U  50  lbs. 

Regular  $1575-  Sale  Price  $1349 


TEN-TEC  Model  515  ARGONAUT  All  solid-state,  5  watt 
(QRPp)  SSB/CW  HF  Transceiver.  5  HF  bands,  80- 10m  plus 
10  &  15  MHz  WWV.  No  tune,  broadbanded  final  -  instant 
band  change.  Analog  dial,  4-poie  2.4  KHz  crystal  SSB  f  if  tec 
Typical  receiver  sensitivity  0.35  uV  for  10  db  S  +  N/N 
ratio.  Built-in  SWR/S  meter.  QSK  instant  CW  break-in  and 
PTT  on  SSB.  ±4  KHz  offset  tuning,  adjustable  sidetone, 
built-in  speaker,  Hi-Z  mic  input,  LED  output  and  offset 
indicator.  12-14  VDC  @  1A.  4&"  *  13"w  *  7^dt  6  lbs. 

Regular  $469  -  Sale  Price  $399** 

ARGONAUT  Accessories: 

210  Power  supply $34°° 

210/E  110/230v  -  13v/lA  power  supply 39°° 

2WA  External  25  KHz  calibrator >„„ 39» 

208A  External  Notch  &  150  Hz  CW  filter.,. 59* 

212  29*29.5  MHz  crystal. , 5M 

2J^5^0MHzcrysta^^^^^^^^^» 


STORE  HOURS:  Mon,  Tue,  Wed  &  Fri  9-5:30;  Thurs  9-8;  Sat  9-3 

(Las  Vegas  &  Clearwater  stores  NOT  open  Thursday  evenings) 

EXPANDED  WATS  PHONE  HOURS.  Even  though  we  have  multiple  WATS  lines,  many 
customers  report  that  they  have  trouble  getting  through,  especially  on  Mondays.  We  have 
found  that  lines  are  less  congested  afternoons,  eventngs  and  towards  the  end  of  the  week. 
To  serve  you  better,  the  Milwaukee  headquarters  will  answer  our  Nationwide  WATS  Irne 
1-800-558-0411  until  S  pm  {Milwaukee  time)  Monday  thru  Thursday,  Orders  placed 
Thursday  evening  can  be  shipped  Friday  and  be  in  transit  over  the  weekend. 


TEN-TEC  Model  525  ARGOSY  All  solid-state,  10/100 
watt  SSB/CW  HF  Transceiver.  6  HF  bands  80-10mp 
including  the  new  30m  band  &  10  MHz  WWV;  40  kHz  VFO 
overrun  on  each  band  edge.  SwitcnabJe,  10  watts  or  100 
watts  input.  100%  duty  cycle,  20  minutes,  Instant  band 
change,  broadbanded,  no  receiver  front  end  or  final 
tuning.  Analog  dial  accurate  to  +  2  kHz.  4-poJe  2.5  KHz 
crystal  SSB  filter,  sensitivity  03  uVfor  lOdb  S  *  N/N  ratio. 
Meter  shows  forward  /reverse  power,  SWR  and  received 
signal  strength.  Offset  tuning  ±  3  KHz,  notch  filter,  QSK 
instant  CW  break-in  and  PTT  on  SSB,  sidetone,  adjustable 
ALa  12-14  VDC  @  9A.  4"h  *  9^'w  *  12"d,  8  lbs. 

Regular  $549  -  Sale  Price  $499** 

A  R  C  OS  Y  A  ccess  ories  ; 

225  9A  power  supply  (Regular  $129).,^  SALE  $119's 
217  500  Hz  8  pole  CW  filt  (Reg.  $55)„..r>  SALE  49" 
21S  1.8  KHz  6-pole  SSB  filter  (Reg  $55),.  SALE     495S 

219  500  Hz  8  pote  CW  filter  {Reg.  $55) ...  SALE     49* 

220  2.4  KHz  8  pole  SSB  filt  (Reg.  $55).  „  SALE     49* 

222  Mobile  mount „ 25M 

223  Noise  blanker , 34M 

224  Audio  CW  filter..... t 34" 

226  25  KHz  crystal  calibrator. 39" 

1125  DC  circuit  breaker *.*  15" 

1120  Linear  amplifier  switching  kit .,...  15" 

Other  Accessories: 

234  Speech  processor  (R eg.  $139).. SALE  $124IS 

214  Electret  microphone  for  234 39" 

209  300  watt  dry  dummy  load 26" 

215  Ceramic  microphone  with  plug, 29M 

215PC  Ceramic  mic,  w/piug&  coil  cord 3450 

227  1.8  30  Mhz,  200w  tuner  (Reg.  $79) ....  SALE  72* 

228  Tuner,  as  abv  w/SWR  (Reg.  $95), „  SALE  85'5 

645  Dual  paddle  keyer  (Reg  $85) SALE  79** 

670  Single  paddle  kever+ 39" 

AES  has  Over  23  Years 
Experience  in  Mail  Order 


VISA 


■■■■.■.■-■■■\.  ■..,:.:,■■■ 


Order  direct  from  this  3d,  Send  Check  or  Money 
Order.  To  expedite  prompt  shipment  Call  TOLL 
FREE  and  use  MASTERCARD  or  VISA;  phone  COO 

order^cceptej^rice^Jr^^ 


New  AES  Branch  Store! 

1898  Drew  Street 

Clearwater,  Fla. 

Phone:(813)461-4267 


Inc. 


Call  Toll  Free:  1  -800-558-04 11    '"  "*""""  "SSZSSZS?  """  "°" 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONIC  SUPPLY,! 

4828  W.  Fond  du  Lac  Avenue;  Milwaukee,  Wl  53216  -  Phone  (414)  442-4200 

AES  BRANCH  STORES ASSOCIATE  STORE 

WICKLIFFE,  Ohio  44092  ORLANDO  Florida  32803  LAS  VEGAS.  Nevada  89106  ERICKS0N  COMMUNICATIONS 

28940  Euclid  Avenue  621  Commonwealth  Ave  1072  N.  Rancho  Drive  CHICAGO.  Illinois  60630 

Phone  (216)  585-7388  Phone  (305)  894-3238  Phone  (702)  647-3114  5456  IN   Milwaukee  Avenue 

Ohio  Wats  1-800-362-0290  Fla.  Wats  1-800-432  9424  Pete,  WA8PZA  8  Squeak,  AD7K  Phone  (312)  631  5181 

Outside  Ohio  1-800-321-3594  Outside  Fla    1  800  327-1917  Outside  Nev.  1  800-634-6227  Outside  ILL   1-800-621-5802 


New  Horizons  for  the 
HW-8  Transceiver 

a  dandy  mod  to  expand  frequency  coverage 


Roger  C.  Amundaen  W1PQ 
264  Old  $ih  Road 
Ridgetield  (  T  M877 


Would  you  like  to  in- 
crease the  tuning 
range  of  your  Heathkit 
HW-8  to  add  3750  to  4000 
kHz,  7250  to  7500  kHz. 
14250  to  14500  kHz,  and 
21250  to  21500  kHz?  I  did 


T 


I  5/fl  ■■ 


1 


ll/lGlfl 

T 


— |    I  I/Bin.    |— 


and  I  found  it  very  easy  to 
do  I  wanted  to  listen  to 
some  of  my  friends  on  75 
and  40  and  also  be  able  to 
receive  CHU  just  above 
7300  kHz, 

To  make  this  modifica- 
tion, only  two  parts  are  re- 
quired: a  capacitor  to  pad 
the  vfo  tuning  and  a  toggle 
switch  to  add  it  or  leave  it 
out  of  the  circuit.  I  used  a 
trimmer,  but  if  you  are  not 


® 


M£ftOPW0ME3      ® 

o 


Fig.  1  HW-8  rear  panel.  A  =  3/16"  hole  for  15-pF  trimmer  if 
used  B  =  1/4"  hole  for  miniature  SPST  toggle  switch. 


too  fussy,  a  fixed  capacitor 
of  12  pF  will  do. 

I  located  a  miniature  tog- 
gle switch  on  the  rear  panel 
(as  shown  in  the  sketch)  so 
that  no  injuries  were  inflict* 
ed  on  the  front  panel  One 
side  of  my  trimmer  (mount- 
ed above  the  toggle  switch) 
is  grounded,  so  it  was  sim- 
ple to  run  the  other  lead  to 
one  side  of  the  toggle  and 
then  tie  the  other  terminal 
of  the  switch  via  a  piece  of 
tinned  bus  wire  to  the  lug 
on  the  vfo  tuning  capacitor, 
C302B 

One  adjustment  and  you 
are  in  business,  With  the 
new  capacitor  switched  out 
of  the  circuit  open  up 
(reduce)  the  mica  trimmer 
(C362A)  on  the  vfo  tuning 
capacitor  to  offset  the  stray 


capacity  of  the  added  cir- 
cuitry. Adjust  the  vfo  to 
3500  kHz  when  the  dial 
reads  0  (3.5  MHz  band  posi- 
tion). If  in  doubt,  adjust  it  so 
that  W1AW  broadcasts  are 
on  3580  kHz.  No  adjust- 
ments are  required  for  the 
other  bands  Throw  the  tog- 
gle switch  and  adjust  the 
new  trimmer  for  3750  kHz 
for  0.  The  dial  will  now  read 
250  kHz  higher  on  all  bands 
or  tune  from  about  3750 
kHz  to  4000  kHz  on  80 
meters.  Do  not  operate  the 
transmitter  function  outside 
of  authorized  hands. 

Results:  The  HW-8  is  no 
superhet,  but  for  a  direct- 
conversion  receiver  it  is  not 
bad.  Also,  if  you  desire  to 
remove  the  mod.  a  couple 
of  small  hole  plugs  cover 
up  the  surgery.  See  you  on 
3540  kHz  ■ 


FAST  SCAN  ATV 


WHY  GET  ON  FAST  SCAN  ATV? 

You  can  send  broadcast  quality  video  of  home  movies,  video 
tapes,  computer  games,  etc,  at  a  co*t  Thai  is  less  than  sfoscan 
ReaWy  improves  public  service  communications  for  parades, 
RACES,  CAP  searches,  weather  watch,  etc. 
DX  it  about  the  same  as  2  meter  simple*  —  15  to  TOO  miles. 

ALL  IN  ONE  BOX 

TC-1  Transmitter/  Converter 
Plug  in  camera,  ant,  mic  and  you  are 
.  $  399  ppd 


on  the  air 


For  more  info  call;     (213)  447-4565 


iMuMHItURO 


P.C.  ELECTRONICS 


Maryann 


2522  PAXSON 


Tom 


W86YSS      ARCAD1A,  CA  91006        W60RG 


PUT  YOUR  OWN  SYSTEM  TOGETHER 

TVC-2  CONVERTER      tunes  420 
mhz  down  10  ch  2  or  3  .  ,      $  55  ppd 

j^^l  TXA5  EXCITER S  89  ppd 

PAS  10  WATT  LINEAR  . .  $  B9  ppd 
FMA5  Audio  Subcarner  .  .  $  29  ppd 
ALL  FOUR  PACKAGE  .   s  249  ppd 

SEND  FOR  OUR  CATALOG,  WE  HAVE  IT  ALL 

Modules  for  the  builder,  complete  units  for  the  operator,  antennas, 
color  cameras,  repeaters,  preamps.  linear*,  video  ider  and  clock, 
and  more   19  years  in  ATV      CiI,. 

see  mi  ARRL  HANDBOOK 


112     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


John  S.  Witcox  KS4B/NNN0BKS 
4733  Bitt  Knight  Road 
Mifttngton  TN  38053 


New  Frequencies  for  the  IC-2 

for  MARS  members  only 


MARS  members  will  be 
happy  to  know  that 
the  no-compromise,  synthe- 
sized, Icom  IC-2  handie- 
talkie  can  be  modified  easi- 
ly to  transceive  out  of  band. 
And,  best  of  all,  the  cost  of 
this  modification  is  a  total 
of  zero! 

Tuning  this  HT  is  done  by 
setting  three  miniature 
thumbwheel  switches  — 
one  each  for  MHz,  100  kHz, 
and  10  kHz,  A  slide  switch 
beside  the  thumbwheels 
adds  5  kHz  to  the  frequen- 
cy, Although  the  MHz 
thumbwheel  turns  through- 
out its  full  0-9  range,  the 
synthesizer  confines  the  ac- 
tual  frequency  to  the 
amateur  band,  as  shown  in 
Table  1. 

After  inspection  of  the 
circuit  boards,  thumbwheel 
switches,  and  schematic,  it 
became  apparent  that  this 
HT  was  manufactured  for 
usage  throughout  the  range 
of  140.000-1 49.995  MHz.  By 
the  placement  of  jumpers, 
it  can  be  configured  to  the 
different  band  plans  for 
Europe,  England,  and  the 
USA. 

After  making  this  modifi- 
cation, the  IC-2  will  tune 
from    140.000    through 


B4 

CI 
C2 

C4 


149.995  MHz  in  5-kHz  steps 
following  the  exact  thumb- 
wheel setting.  All  other 
functions  remain  the  same. 

Step  1.  Remove  the  bat- 
tery pack.  Remove  the  four 
screws  that  hold  the  battery 
retaining  plate  on  the  bot- 
tom. (Note  the  position  of 
the  plate  to  assist  in 
reassembly.) 

Step  2.  Turn  the  HT  face 
down.  Remove  the  two  case 
retaining  screws, 

Warning:  A  paper-thin,  flexi- 
ble, printed  circuit  board 
connects  between  the 
touchtone™  pad  and 
chassis  on  the  IC-2AT 
model.  Be  extremely  care- 
ful if  you  remove  the  front 
half  of  the  HT  case. 

Step  3,  Remove  the  back 
half  of  the  HT  case. 

Step  4.  Using  the  picture 
of  the  HT  on  page  20  of  the 
Icom  manual  and  Fig.  1, 
here,  find  the  program- 
mable divider  chip,  IC1, 
and  the  flexible  circuit- 
board  tape  soldered  to  it. 
Run  solder  across  the  non- 
conductive  gap  in  the  line 
designated  C4.  Use  a  small, 
low-wattage  iron  so  as  not 


FILL   THIS    CAP 

WJTH    SOLDER 


MHz 

Actual 

Thumbwheel 

Frequency 

0 

144.XXX 

1 

145 

2 

146 

3 

147 

4 

144 

5 

145 

6 

146 

7 

147 

3 

144 

9 

145 

to  damage  the  flexible  cir- 
cuit board. 

Step  5.  Remove  the  two 
retaining  screws  on  the  side 
of  the  chassis  and  hinge 
open  the  two  circuit 
boards. 

Step  6.  Find  the  brown- 
colored  jumper  wire  that 
connects  two  solder  pads 
together  on  the  underside 
of  the  MHz  thumbwheel 
switch.  Snip  this  jumper 
and  tape  the  ends, 

5fep  7.  Carefully  reas- 
semble   the    HT.    Make 


changes  in  the  Icom  manu- 
al and  on  the  schematic. 

Navy- Marine  Corps 
MARS  in  Tennessee  is  cur- 
rently using  a  600-kHz  split 
in  the  148-MHz  range.  If 
you  require  a  non-standard 
split  the  MARS  modifica- 
tion article  for  the  Tempo 
S1,  written  by  Dorsey  "Diz" 
Price  K5EDS  in  the  April, 
1980,  issue  of  73  should  be 
reviewed.  A  similar  modifi- 
cation could  be  made  to 
the  IC-2.  I'll  let  someone 
else  write  that  one!  ■ 


Fig.  7 


Table  7. 


criniio 

Amateur 


ipply, 


m-25 


MEMPHIS,  TENNESSEE 


NO  MONKCV  BUSIN€SS! 

(A)  Complete  Service  Facilities 

(B)  Good  Deals  on  most  Brands 

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(D)  All  inquiries  handled  by  Active  Hams  with 
over  20  years  experience  in  ham  radio 

CALL  TOLL  FREE 

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IN  TENNESSEE,  CALL  901-452-4276 

MONO  A  Y-S4  TURD  A  Y  8:30-5:30 

FOR  YOUR  SPECIAL 

Write:  3202  Summer  Ave.,  Memphis,  Tennesse  38112 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     113 


Ask  for  Instant  Software  at  a  computer  store  near  you. 


ALABAMA 

ANDERSON  COMPUTERS,  Hunisville 

COMPUTER  CENTER.  Tuscaloosa 

COMPUTERLAND,  Huntsvllle 

OLENSKY  BROTHERS,  IMC,  Mobile 

ALASKA 

COMPUTER  TALK,  Anchorage 

JUNEAU  ELECTRONICS.  Juneau 
ARIZONA 

COMMERCIAL  &  NOME  SYSTEMS,  Tucson 

COMPUTED  STORE,  Phalli x 

M  t.  M  ELECTRONICS.  Saltord 

MESA  ELECTRONICS,  Mesa 

MILLETS  ELECTRONICS,  Mesa 

PERSONAL  COMPUTER  PLACE,  Mesa 

PROFESSIONAL  DATA  SYSTEMS,  Phoemx 

RUSALEM  ELECTRONICS,  Sun  City 

SIM UTEK,  Tucson 

SOFTWARE  STATION.  Ternpe 

ARKANSAS 

DR.  JAMES  A.  CAP  PS,  JR.,  Springdala 

CALIFORNIA 

ADVANCE  RADIO  (R/S  Dealer),  Grass  Valley 

ADVANCED  COMPUTER  PRODUCTS,  Santa  Ana 

AMCO  ELECTRONIC  SUPPLY.  Azusa 

BYTE  INDUSTRIES,  Hay  ward 

BYTE  SHOP.  Cmf  Itafi 

BYTE  SHOP.  Citrus  Height! 

BYTE  SHOP,  Mountain  View 

BYTE  SHOP,  PI  scent  ia 

BYTE  SHOP  OF  SOUTH  SAN  JOSE,  San  Jq$e 

CAPITOL  COMPUTER  SYSTEMS,  Sacramento 

COAST  ELECTRON  ECS,  Morro  Bay 

COMPUTER  HORIZONS,  CamajlHo 

COMPUTER  MART  OF  CALIFORNIA.  INC, 

Diamond  Bar 

COMPUTER  MERCHANT,  San,  Diego 

COMPUTER  STORE,  San  LeandrO 

COMPUTER  WORLD,  Lawndalo 

COMPUTER  WORLD.  Westminster 

COMPUTERLAND,  Ei  Carrito 

COMPUTERLAND.  San  Diego 

COMPUTERLAND  SOUTH  BAY,  Lawndafe 

DIMENSIONAL  SOFTWARE,  San  Diego 

ELECTRONIC  SYSTEMS,  San  Jose 

GRASS  VALLEY  COMPUTER  SYSTEMS. 

Penn  V  alloy 

HOBBI-TRONICS,  San  Josa 

HOBBY  WORLD  ELECTRONICS,  NOrthridga 

HOUSE  OF  80,  ArtoSla 

HUNTINGTON  COMPUTING,.  Corcoran 

M  A  LI  BU  MICROCOMPUTING,  Malibu 

MARFAM,  San  Jose 

MICROCOMPUTER  WAREHOUSE,  Sacramento 

MN  &  T  INDUSTRIES.  Lompoc 

OPAMPfTECHNiCAL  BOOKS,  LOs  Angeles 

OPPORTUNITIES  FOR  LEARNING,  Ghalsworlh 

PC  COMPUTERS,  El  Cefrilo 

Q  I  COMPUTER,  INC.,  Lawndale 

RS.V  SOUND  (.HIS  Dealer).  Fori  una 

RADIO  SHACK.  San  DlegQ 

SILVER  SPUR  ELECTRONICS,  Chino 

SOFTWARE  PLUS.  El  Toro 

STRAWF LOWER  ELECTRONICS  (RJ5  Dealer), 

Half  Moon  Bay 

WABASH  APPLE,  EltoTO 

WENNER  BUSINESS  SYSTEMS,  LoS  Altos 

COLORADO 

APPARAT,  INC.,  Denver 

COLORADO  COMPUTER  SYSTEMS,  Weslminster 

COMPUTER  SHACK,  Pueblo 

COMPUTERLAND-NORTH  DENVER,  Arvada 

POOR  RICHARD'S  CALCULATORS,  Fori  Collins 

SOFTWARE  GOURMET.  Denver 

CONNECTICUT 

AM  COMPUTER  PRODUCTS,  Southington 

AMERICAN  BUSINESS  COMPUTERS,  Groton 

BYTE  ME  COMPUTER  SHOP,  New  London 

COMPUTER  LAB,  New  London 

COMPUTER  STORE,  Wind&o*  Locks 

COMPUTERLAND,  FalrlieSd 

COMPUTERLAND,  Hamden 

COMPUTERWORKS,  INC,  Westpdit 

DIVERSIFIED  ELECTRONICS,  New  Haven 

EAB  ENTERPRISES,  Old  Greenwich 

INSTRUCTIONAL  SYSTEMS  COMPUTERS. 

Man  chesler 

TECHNOLOGY  SYSTEMS,  BetoaL 

DELAWARE 

MiCHO  PRODUCTS,  Wilmington 

OMNI  FAX.  Wiimington 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA 

THE  PROGRAM  STORE,  Washington,  D.C 

FLORIDA 

ADVENTUHE  INTERNATIONAL,  CaMfiH»rry 

AMF  MICROCOMPUTER  CENTER,  Tampa 

ATLANTIC  SALES,  Miami 

COMPUTER  JUNCTION,  Fort  Lauderdale 

COMPUTER  SHACK,  (NG,  Jacksonville 

COMPUTER  STORE.  Clearwater 

GO M PUT ER  SYSTEM  RESOURCES,  Gainesville 

COMPUTER  WORLDS,  Clearwatar 

COMPUTERLAND,  Boca  Raton 

COMPUTERLAND,  Fori  Lauderdale 

COMPUTERLAND,  Jacksonville 

COMPUTERLAND,  Sarasoia 

COMPUTERLAND,  Tarnpa 

COMPUTERLAND.  West  Palm  Beach 

HEATHKIT  ELECTRONIC  CENTER,  Hialeah 

H.I.S.  COMPUTERMATION,  Melbourne 

MICROCOMPUTER  SYSTEMS,  INC.,  Tampa 

SOUND  IDEAS.  Gainesville 

SOUTH  EAST  MICRO  DATA,  Orlando 


WILLIAMS  RADIO  &  TV  ,  Jacksonville 

YOUR  BASIC  COMPUTER  CENTER.  Fori  Pierce 

GEORGIA 

ATLANTA  COMPUTER  MART,  Atlanta 

BAILEY'S  COMPUTER  SHOP,  Augusta 

DELTA  DATA  DYNAMICS,  Atlanta 

FLEMING  DRUG  CO..  Wre^is 

MICRO  COMPUTER  SYSTEMS,  Allanta 

HAWAII 

COMPUTER  CENT  EH,  Honolulu 

COMPUTERLAND  OF  HAWAII.  Honolulu 

RADIO  SHACK  ASSOC  STORE.  Honolulu 

IDAHO 

DENNIS  STONE  ENTERPRISES,  Fruitiand 

ELECTRONIC  SPECIALTIES.  Boise 

R  &  L  DATA  SYSTEMS,  Idaho  Falls 

ILLINOLS 

ALPINE  COMPUTER  CENTER,  Rooktord 

BYTE  SHOP.  LaGrange 

CHICAGO  MAIN  NEWSTAND.  Evansicr. 

COMPUTER  STATION.  Granite  Cily 

COMPUTER  STORE,  Hockford 

COMPUTERLAND,  Myndalein 

COMPUTERLAND,  Nile* 

COMPUTERLAND,  Peoria 

GAHCIA  AND  ASSOCIATES,  Chicago 

ICOM.  Lombard 

MAIN  STREET  COMPUTER  CO.,  Decatlif 

MIDWEST  MICRO  COMPUTERS.  Lombard 

WALLACE  COMPUTERS,  Peoria 

INDIANA 

COMPU-TECH  MICROCOMPUTER  SYSTEMS, 

Dunkirk 

COMPUTER  GENTER,  SCUlh  Bend 

DIGITAL  TECHNOLOGY.  La  fays  lie 

FALL  CREEK  ELECTRONICS.  Pendleton 

IOWA 

BUSINESS  DATA  PROCESSING.  Des  Moines 

CYBERIA,  INC,  Amea 

MEMORY  BANK.  INC  .  Bettend-orE 

KANSAS 

CENTRAL  KANSAS  COMPUTERS.,  Herington 

LOUISIANA 

ACME  BOOK  CO,,  Baton  Rouge 

MAINE 

MAINE  COMPUTRONICS,  Bangor 

MAINE  MICHO  SYSTEMS  INC.,  Auburn 

MID-MAINE  COMPUTER  COMPANY.  Auburn 

RADIO  SHACK,  South  Poilland 

MARYLAND 

CLAYTON  ELECTRONICS.  Towson 

CO  MM  CENTER.  Laura* 

COMPUTER  AGE,  Silver  Springs 

COMPUTERS  ETC.,  Towson 

JACK  FIVES  ELECTRONICS  INC.,  Pikesvihe 

PROGRAM  STORE,  Baltimore 

SOLON  SOFTWARE,  Rockville 

MASSACHUSETTS 
COMPUTER  CITY.  CharleStown 
COMPUTER  PACKAGES  UNLIMITED,  West 

BoyEston 

COMPUTER  VILLAGE,  W.  Springfield 

LAND  OF  ELECTRONICS,  Lynn 

LI  G  H  THOUSE  COM  PU  T  E  R  SOF  T  W  A  R  E .  Renobol  n 

MARK  GORDON  COMPUTERS.  Cambridge 

SMALL  BUSINESS  SYSTEMS  GROUP.  Dunstable 

SOUND  COMPANY   Springlietf 

TUFTS  RADIO  ELECTRONICS.  Modford 

MICHIGAN 

ALL  FOR  LEARNING,  W.  Blnomllold 

ALTERNATE  SOURCE.  Lansing 

A.M.  ELECTRONICS,  Ann  Arbor 

COMIC  KINGDOM,  Delroil 

COMPUTER  CENTER,  Gafdan  City 

COMPUTER  CONNECTION.  Farmington  Hills 

COMPUTER  MART,  Ciawson 

COMPUTER  ROOM,  Kalamazoo 

COMPUTERLAND,.  Ken  I  wood 

COMPUTERLAND,  Southfleld 

COMPUTRONIX,  Midland 

EIGHT  BIT  CORNER,  Muskegon 

FERRIS  RADIO,  Hazel  Par* 

GOLDEN  ANVIL,  South  Haven 

HOBBY  HOUSE,  Battle  Creek 

LEVEL  IV  PRODUCTS,  INC.,  Livonia 

LYCEUM,  INC..  Warren 

MAIN  SYSTEMS,  INC..  Flinl 

M 10- MICHIGAN  MEMORY,  Dlmondste 

NEWMAN  COMPUTER  EXCHANGE,  Ann  Arbor 

TRI-COUNTY  ELECTRONICS  &  SOUND  CENTER, 

Fenton 

WIZARD'S  ARSENAL,  East  Lansing 

YE  OLDE  TEACHERS  SHOPPE.  YpSilantl 

MINNESOTA 

CODE  ROOM,  Eden  Prairie 

DIGITAL  DEN,  Burneville 

MINNESOTA  SOFTWARE,  White  Beer  Lake 

PERSONAL  BUSINESS  SYSTEMS,  Minneapolis 

2IM  COMPUTERS,  Brooklyn  Center 

MISSISSIPPI 

C-COM,  Jackson 

DYER'S,  INC.,  West  Point 

SOFTWAREHOUSE,  ,ftid«8Qfl 

MISSOURI 

CENTURY  NEXT  COMPUTERS.  Columbia 

COMPUTER  CENTER.  Joplln 

COMPUTERMAHT.  Spring  Held 

CRG  COMPUTERS,  Joplin 

PERSONAL  COMPUTER,  Cat!  Junction 

RADIO  SHACK,  Warsaw 

SOFTWARE  SHACK,  Bel  ton 

UNITED  COMPUTER  STORES.  St.  Charles 


Instant  Software 

Peterborough,  N.H.   03458 


MONTANA 

COMPUTER  STORE,  Billing* 

INTERMOUNTAIN  COMPUTER,  Livingston 

NEBRASKA 

APPLETREE  SOFTWARE,  Battle  Creefc 

COMPUTERLAND.  Omaha 

COMPUTEHS  WEST,  Omatia 

MIDWEST  COMPUTER  CO  ,  INC.,  Omatia 

3CQTTSBLUFF  TYPEWRITER  &  OFFICE 

PRODUCTS.  Scottsblurr 

NEVADA 

>UYTE  SHOP.  Reno 

CENTURY  £3.  Las  Yogas 

HOME  COMPUTERS,  Las  Vegas 

HURLEY  ELECTRONICS.  Las  Vegas 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE 

BITSNBYTES  COMPUTER  CENTER,  Concord 

COMPUTER  TOWN.  Salem 

COMPUTERLAND,  Nashua 

PAUL'S  TV.  Fremonl 

PORTSMOUTH  COMPUTER  CENTER,  Porl&mculh 

RADIO  SHACK  ASSOC  STORE,  Kee-ne 

STURDIVANT  AND  DUNN,  Conway 

NEW  JERSEY 

ABE^S  TV  SALES  &  SERVICE,  Glassboro 

BARGAIN  BROTHERS.  West  Trenton 

COMPUTER  CORNER  OF  NJ,  Pompton  Plains 

COMPUTER  EN  COUNT  EH,  Princeton 

COMPUTER  FOHUM,  Redbank 

COMPUTER  MADNESS,  English  town 

COMPUTER  MART  OF  NJ,  INC,  l&elln 

COMPUTERLAND,  Cherry  Hill 

COMPUTERLAND.  Paramus 

CROWLEY'S.  Whitehouse  Slahou 

DAVE'S  ELECTRONICS,  INC.  Pennsvitle 

ELECTRONIC  WORLD.  Manlua 

G.S.B  ELECTRONICS,  INC.,  Maple  Shade 

J  $l  J  ELECTRONICS,  INC  (RiS  Dealer). 

Hackettstown 

LASHEN  ELECTRONICS,  INC,  Denwille 

MIDAS  DATA  SYSTEMS  INC.,  Marlton 

OMNI  FAX,  CnerryHIM 

RADIO  SHACK  ASSOC  STORE,  Moorestown 

SILENT  PARTNER.  Fort  Lee 

NEW  MEXICO 

AUTEL  ELECTRONICS  CO.,  Albuquerque 

JiW  ENTERPRISES,  ClOviS 

MITCHELL  MUSIC,  Ca^bad 

THOMAS  E.  CARR  JEWELER,  Al^mogordo 

WAR  GAMES  WEST.  Albuquerque 

NEW  YORK 

A  WORLD  OF  COMPUTERS.  PoM  Cluster 

ARISTO  CRAFT  DISTINCTIVE  MINIATURES, 

New  York 

ASD  HOME  COM  PUT  EH  CENTER,  Poughkeepsie 

BERLINER  COMPUTER  CENTER.  New  Hyde  Park 

C  HABILDOF  NEW  DORP,  Staten  island 

COMPUTER  CORNER,  White  Plains 

COMPUTER  ERA,  New  York 

COMPUTER  FACTORY,  New  York 

COMPUTEH  HESOURCES,  WllliamsviHe 

COMPUTER  SHOP.  Kingston 

COMPUTER  STORE,  Rochester 

COMPUTER  TREE,  INC.,  Endwell 

COMPUTERLAND,  Carle  Place 

COMPUTERLAND,  While  Plains 

COMPUTERLAND  OF  NYC,  New  York 

DIG1BYTE  SYSTEMS,  New  York 
aO-MlCROCOMPUTER  SERVICES,  CohoeS 

FUTURE  VISIONS  COMPUTER  STORE.  Melville 

HOME  COMPUTER  CENTER,  Rochester 

LONG  ISLAND  COMPUTEH  GENERAL  STORE, 

Lynbrook 

MR  COMPUTER,  Wappingers  Falls 
OMNI  FAX,  DeWill 

SOFTHON  SYSTEMS,  Rensselaer 

UPSTATE  COMPUTER  SHOP,  New  Hartford 

NORTH  CAROLINA 

BYTE  SHOP.  Greensboro 

SOUND  MILL,  Havetocfc 

TD'S  RECORD  SHOP.  SylvS 

OHIO 

ABACUS  II.  Toledo 

ALTAIR  SYSTEMS,  INC..  Dayton 

ASTRO  VIDEO  ELECTRON  ECS,  INC,  Lane  asler 

BUS  COMPUTER,  Mentor 

CINCINNATI  COMPUTER  STORE.  Cincinnati 

COMPUTER  STORE.  Toledo 

COMPUTERLAND,  Columbus 

COMPUTERLAND,  Maylield  Heights 

COMPUTERLAND.  North  Ol mated 

COMPUTERLAND,  Wacten 

CUSTOM  SOFT,  INC..  Louisville 

H.  GABRIEL  Si  CO..  Madison 

JQBAR  ENTERPRISES,  Middlellefd 

MICROAGE,  Columbus 

MICRO  COMPUTEH  CENTER,  Cenlarville 

MICRO  ELECTRONICS  INC.  Columbus 

MICRO-MINI  COMPUTER  WORLD,  Columbus 

TWENTY- FIRST  CENTURY  SHOP.  Cincinnati 

UNIVERSAL  AMATEUR  RADIO  INC.  Reynoldshurg 

WANNA  PLAY,  Cincinnati 

OKLAHOMA 

COMPUTER  STORE.  INC.,  Tulsa 

COMPUTER  WORLD.  Tul&a 

RADIO  SHACK  ASSOC  STORE,  GuyrnOh 

SOUNDS,  ETO.Watonga 

VERN  STREET  PRODUCTS.  Sapulpa 

OREGON 

COMPUTER  PATHWAYS.  Salem 

TRS-BO  PRODUCTS  LTD.,  Portland 

PENNSYLVANIA 

ALLIED  HOBBIES,  Philadelphia 

ARTGO  ELECTRONICS,  Kingston 

BELL  ELECTRONICS,  Glrard 

COMPUTER  WORKS HOPPE,  Monroeville 

COMPUTERLAND,  Gibsonia 

COMPUTERLAND,  Whitehall 

COMPUTERLAND  OF  HAHRISBURG, 

Mechanics  burg 

ERIE  COMPUTER,  Erie 

J  S.  E  COMMUNICATIONS.  DuhCSn&viJIe 

MIGHTY  BYTE  COMPUTER  CENTER.  H  org  ham 

OMNI  FAX.  FeaStervillS 

OMNIFAX.  PM&delPhia 

PITTSBURGH  COMPUTER  STORE.  Pittsburgh 


STEVENS  RADIO  SHACK  DEALER,  Phoenmville 

ROUTE  20  ELECTRONICS,  Lahobe 

TELEVISION  PARTS  COMPANY  INC,  N»w 

Brighion 

WAYNES  BURG  RADIO,  Waynesfourg 

SOUTH  CAROLINA 

OMNI  ELECTRONICS.  Charleston 

TENNESSEE 

ACE  MINI  SYSTEMS,  Clarksville 

CHATTANOOGA  COMPUTER  CENTER, 

Ch&nanooga 

COMPUTER  WORLD,  Nashville 

COMPUTERlAB.  Memphle 

H&H  ELECTRONICS.  Tullahoma 

WEBB'S  PHARMACY  &  ELECTRONICS,  Herriman 

TEXAS 

CODE  DATA,  INC.,  Arlington 

CO  MP  US  HOP.  Beilelre 

COMPUSHQpfFMlSSQW,  Houston 

CQMPUSHOP'N  Fwy,  Houston 

GOMFUSHOP,  Richardson 

COMPUTER  'N  THINGS,  Aus (In 

COMPUTER  CONCEPTS,  Beaumont 

COMPUTER  HOBBY  CENTER.  Austin 

COMPUTER  PORT,  Arllngion 

COMPUTER  SALES  AND  SERVICE.  Fort  Worlh 

COMPUTER  SOLUTIONS,  San  Antonio 

COM  PUT  ER  TECH  ASSOCIATES,  El  Paso 

COMPUTERLAND  OF  SW  HOUSTON,  Houston 

COMPUTERS  BY  O'NEILL,  Lafce  Jackson 

COMPUTEX,Webstor 

GATEWAY  ELECTRONICS.  Houston 

KA  ELECTRONICS.  Dallas 

MARY  MAC  INDUSTRIES  \JVS  Dealer  J,  HouSlcm 

PAN  AMEH1CAN  ELECTRONICS  (FNS  Dealer). 

Miseton 

R,L.  COLE'S  ELECTRONICS,  San  Antonio 

WAGHALTER  BOOKS,  INC,  Houston 

UTAH 

COMPUTERLAND,  Salt  Lake  City 

CTI.  Provo 

QUALITY  TECHNOLOGY.  Salt  Lake  City 

VIRGINIA 

COMPUTER  SOLUTIONS,  Leesburg 

COMPUTER  WORKS.  INC.,  Harrisonburg 

HOME  COMPUTER  CENTER  INC..  Virginia  Beacn 

LITTLE  SOLDIER,  Alexandria 

WASHINGTON 

AMERICAN  MERCANTILE  COMPANY.  Seattle 

BYTE  SHOP,  Bellevue 

COMPUTER  CONNECTION.  Silverdate 

COMPUTERLAND.  Bellevue 

COMPUTERLAND,  Federal  Way 

EMPIRE  ELECTRONICS,  Seattle 

LORDS,  Perl  Angeles 

MAGNOLIA  MICRO  SYSTEMS.  Seattle 

PERSONAL  COMPUTERS.  INC,  Spokane 

UNIVERSITY  VILLAGE  MUSIC,  Seattle 

WESTERN  MICROCOMPUTER  CENTER,. 

Bel  I  Ingham 

WEST  VIRGINIA 

COMPUTER  CORNER,  Mc-rgantown 

COMPUTER  STORE.  Huntington 

SOUND  S.  ELECTRONIC  SPECIALTIES, 

Murganiown 

WISCONSIN 

BYTE  SHOP.  Milwaukee 

COLORTRON  COMPUTER  DIVISION.  R&Ctoe 

COMPUTER  WORLD,  Appleton 

COMPUTERLAND,  Madison 

COMPUTERLAND.  Milwaukee 

COMPUTERLAND  OF  FOX  RIVER  VALLEY, 

Oshkosh 

MAGIC  LANTERN  COMPUTER,  MadJBOn 

PETTED  MICROSYSTEMS,  Milwaukee 

RADIO  SHACK,  Mauston 

S  &  0  TV  5ALESH  Monroe 

SOFTWARE  CASSETTES,  Madison 

WYOMING 

COMPUTER  CONCEPTS,  Cheyenne 

PUERTO  RICO 

MICRO  COMPUTER  STORE,  Caparra  Terrace 

AUSTRALIA 

'DeFOREST  SOFTWARE,  Nunawading,  Vic. 

CANADA 

-MICRON  DISTRIBUTING,  Toronto,  On!. 

Compumarl,  Oltawa,  Gnl. 

Micrometic  Systems  inc.,  Vancouver  B.C. 

Mir:m  Shack  ol  W.  Canada,  Regina,  Sask 

Orthon  Holdings  Ltd  ,  Edmonton,  Alb. 

Total  Computer  Sysiems,  Aja*,  Ont. 

CARIBBEAN  ISLANDS,  CENTRAL  AND  SOUTH 

AMERICA 

-WEST  INDIES  SALES  CO.  LTD  .  Hialeah.FL,  USA 

FRANCE 

-DANIEL  P.  LUCET,  Alfortvilke 

GREECE 

■CAR1TAT0  TECHNICAL,  Athens 

KONG  KONG 

'ASSOCIATED  INDUSTRIAL  SUPPLIES,  Hong 

Kong 

ITALY 

"BITS  MBYTES,  Milan 

KOREA 

'SIN  HAN  TRADING  CORP.,  Seoul 

NETHERLANDS  (BELGIUM 

■SOFTWARE  IMPORT  BRABANT,  Eindhoven, 

Netti. 

NEW  ZEALAND 

■VISCOUNT  ELECTRONICS,  Patmarston  North 

NORWAY 

"A^S  SQRLUND,  Vedavagen 

REPUBLIC  OF  SINGAPORE 

*OG  BUSINESS  COMPUTER,  Singapore 

SOUTH  AFRICA 

■BRIAN  VICKERS.  Sandton 

SWEDEN 

•SENTECAB.  J  a  rf  alia 

UNITED  KINGDOM 

'CALlSTO  COMPUTERS,  Birmingham,  Eng, 

WEST  GERMANY 

"MICROSTUFF.  Frankluft 

■REIN HARD  NEDELA.  Markdorl 

"inslanl  Sottware  Distributor 


Instant  Software  Does 

It  With  Frequency 


Electronics  I 

If  you're  still  designing  circuits  the 
old-fashioned  wavT  let  the  Electronics 
I  package  introduce  the  latest  way  to 
go: 

Tuned  Circuits  &  Coil  Winding — 
Design  tuned  circuits  for  audio  and 
radio  frequencies.  This  two- part  pro- 
gram will  find  the  two  missing  values 
from  any  two  of  the  following:  fre- 
quency >  capacitance,  inductance,  or 
reactance.  The  coil-winding  section 
will  calculate  the  number  of  turns  and 
wire  gauge  required  for  a  close- 
wound,  air-  or  slug-tuned  coil  from  the 
inductance,  diameter,  length,  and 
permeability  of  the  coil. 
555  Timer  Circuits — Timers*  both 
monostable  (one-shot)  and  astable  (os- 
cillator),  can  be  easily  designed  with 
this  two-part  program.  The  program 
will  also  draw  a  complete  schematic 
on  the  screen  of  your  TRS-80. 
LM  381  Pre-Amp  Design — You,  too, 
can  quickly  design  an  IC  pre- amp. 
With  this  program,  all  you  need  to  do 
is  enter  the  parameters  of  the  perfor- 
mance you  want ,  and  the  program 
does  the  rest — right  down  to  drawing  a 
detailed  schematic  of  your  circuit  on 
the  screen  I  (Tl). 
No.  0008R  $7,95, 


W2NSD/1 


ll-i!         .r-l 


'l,,H 


," 


All  these  programs  arc  Mode!  [fl 
compatible  except  Dynamic  Device 
Drivers* 


QSL  Manager 

Did  you  remember  to  send  a  QSL 
card  to  the  op  you  worked  last  week? 
Maybe  you  sent  a  QSL?  but  can*t  recall 
getting  one  in  return.  The  QSL  Man- 
ager program  will  help  you  set  up  a 
computerized  logbook  for  instant  access 
to  your  records. 

Make  complete  log  entries  which  in- 
clude: date,  time,  callsign,  name, 
band „  both  the  Sent  and  Received  signal 
reports,  the  mode,  QSL  sent/ received, 
and  any  remarks  you  may  want  to  add. 

No  more  fumbling  with  index  cards 
during  a  QSO,  because  the  QSL  Man- 
ager has  a  built-in  search  function  to 
locate  and  display  information  on  any 
callsign  in  your  records.  You  can  even 
list  all  the  QSOs  for  a  particular  date, 
tirne,  band  worked,  mode,  or  a  specific 
signal  report.  Up  to  1400  entries  can  be 
accessed  from  the  disk  (depending  on 
how  many  disk  drives  you  have). 

The  program  has  built-in  editing 
features  that  help  you  keep  your 
logbook  up  to  date. 

There's  also  a  command  that  lets  you 
output  your  log  entries  to  a  printer  for 
hard  copy. 

In  that  next  QSO,  knock  their  socks 
off  with  your  infallible  memory.  (T2) 
No.  0151RD  $19.95  Disk, 


(Tl)  -  TRS-80  Model  1,  Level  II,  16K  RAM 

(T2)  =  TRS-80  Model  I,  Level  11,  16Kf  Expansion  Interface  16K  +  1  disk  drive 


Instant  Software 


M 


PETERBOROUGH,  N.H.  03458      603-924-7296 


Dynamic  Device  Drivers 

Are  you  tired  of  working  around  all 
of  the  little  "obstacles"  that  are  built  in- 
to your  TRS-80?  Ever  wish  that  there 
were  some  way  to  "repair"  those  im- 
perfect! oris? 

Well,  here  it  isl  The  Dynamic  Device 
Drivers  package  has  all  of  these 
features: 

Programmable  Key  Debounce — Your 
keyboard  can  be  "tuned"  to  your  typing 
style, 

Programmable  Repeating  Key  Func- 
tion— Every  key  has  a  repeat  function. 
Lowercase  Modification  Support — 
You  have  a  choice  of  standard  or 
shift-for-lowercase  letters,  (A  lower- 
case hardware  modification  must  be 
installed.) 

Better  Than  Nothing  Graphics — 
Graphics  characters  will  be  converted 
to  the  closest  ASCII  character. 
Printer/Screen  Auto  Switching — If 
your  printer  is  accidentally  turned  off, 
your  program  won't  bomb. 
Programmable  Printer  Forms  Control 
— You  control  the  format  for  printer 
output. 

Programmable  Keyboard  Lock — Only 
you  will  know  the  secret  code  to  unlock 
your  keyboard. 

With  the  Dynamic  Device  Drivers 
package,    you    can    look    forward    to 
working  WITH  your  TRS-80,  instead 
of  against  it!  (Tl) 
No,  022SR  $19.95. 


TO  ORDER: 

See  your  local 
Instant  Software  dealer. 

If  these  packages  are 
unavailable,  order  direct. 

Call  Toil-Free 
1-800-258-5473 

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1-603-924  7296 


^445 


TRS-80  is  a  trademark  of  Tandy  Corporation 


**See  List  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     115 


u 


Larry  T  Wier  W7CRY 
1068  149  PL  S.f. 
Seilevue  WA  98007 


The  Digital  Defender 

computerized  ham  shack  security 


Protecting  personal  prop- 
_  erty,  be  it  ham  shack  or 
home,  is  big  business  these 
days.  Even  traditional  de- 
partment stores  have  start- 
ed to  stock  systems  which 
blast  you  with  bells,  whis- 
tles, or  horns  when  activat- 
ed. None  of  those  systems* 
has  the  flexibility  to  cover 


several  possible  installation 
situations  and  provide  com- 
plete protection.  This  sys- 
tem probably  won't  either, 
but  it  comes  a  lot  closer. 

Requirements 

Requirements  for  this 
system  are  that  it  be  inex- 
pensive, flexible,  easily  in- 


stalled, and  as  foolproof  as 
possible.  The  sensors  must 
be  easily  installed  and  re- 
pairable. They  should  sense 
breakage,  smoke,  fire,  and 
when  someone  is  about  to 
enter  a  protected  area. 
Warnings  should  be  audible 
and  visual.  The  system 
should    have    built-in    self* 


This  photo  shows  the  internal  wiring  of  the  Sears  control  unit  Be  sure  to  route  wiring  as 
close  to  the  circuit  hoard  as  possible  and  away  from  the  ac  power  wires. 


test  features  along  with 
power-fail  battery  backup. 
And,  as  a  final  touch,  it 
should  have  the  capability 
of  controlling  lights  or  ap- 
pliances. 

To  fulfill  these  require- 
ments is  no  small  task  and  is 
difficult  without  the  use  of 
some  external  intelligence, 
By  now  probably  you  have 
guessed  that  a  microcom- 
puter might  be  the  intelli- 
gence. Well,  it  is,  and  the 
total  cost  of  this  system  is 
well  below  that  of  most  of 
today's  allband  transceiv- 
ers. The  system  described 
here  was  developed  on  a 
Heath  H8  with  parallel  I/O, 
but  is  easily  adaptable  to 
any  system  or  single-board 
micro  having  an  fl-bit  paral- 
lel I/O  port  and  about  8K  of 
memory. 

System  Planning 

To  find  out  the  best  way 
to  protect  yourself  or  your 
property,  ask  a  burglar.  The 
next  best  way  is  to  ask  the 
police.  Since  this  system  is 
to  provide  for  fire  and 
smoke  detection  also,  a 
stop  by  the  fire  station  for  a 
few  pointers  would  be  ad- 
visable. With  these  ideas  in 
mind,  on  to  the  planning. 


!A  iia 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1381 


One  of  the  best  ways  to 
plan  and  install  a  detection 
system  is  to  draw  a  scale 
floor  plan  of  the  area  to  be 
protected.  Figs.  1,  2,  and  3 
assume  that  it  is  a  house 
that  is  to  be  protected.  It  is 
a  good  idea  to  show  fire-/ 
smoke-detector  locations 
as  well  as  alarm  sensors.  Di- 
vide the  total  area  to  be 
protected  into  smaller, 
well-defined  zones,  keeping 
in  mind  how  sensor  wires 
can  be  installed  Once  one 
has  a  general  idea  of  how 
the  sensor  installation 
might  be  done,  the  next 
step  is  to  define  system  op- 
erating conditions, 

The  fire-Zsmoke-alarm 
section  of  the  system 
should  function  even 
though  the  micro  may  have 
failed  or  is  being  used  for 
other  purposes,  If  ac  power 
has  failed,  the  automatic 
lighting  will  not  function, 
but  the  alarm  will  since  the 
system  has  battery  backup. 
For  safety  reasons,  the  com- 
plete system  (except  for  mi- 
cro power)  operates  at  4-18 
volts  or  less  All  voltages 
are  derived  from  the  same 
source  so  that  if  the  battery 
fails,  no  false  alarm  will 
sound.  This  may  or  may  not 
be  an  advantage  depending 
on  system  usage. 

No  system  yet  devised  fs 
completely  foolproof.  Sev- 
eral techniques  are  used  in 
software  (see  Software  De- 
scription) to  avoid  false 
alarms  caused  by  spurious 
noise  spikes,  power  out- 
ages, lightning  strikes,  and 
ham  radio  transmissions. 
Murphy's  Law  is  Still  in  ef- 
fect, however. 

One  additional  feature  is 
a  time-of-day  clock.  It  is  not 
listed  under  requirements 
because  it  applies  only  to 
the  Heath  H8  system.  It  is  a 
software-generated  clock 
and  utilizes  the  H8  front 
panel  for  readout.  This 
same  function  (minus  the 
H8  front  panel)  is  used  for 
timing  in  the  software  [lines 


200245)  to  control  the  rest 
of  the  sequence.  This  ctock 
function  is  derived  from  the 
internal  tick  counter  of  the 
computer  and  is  described 
in  the  software  section  be- 
low Along  with  the  clock, 
facilities  were  built  into  the 
software  to  record  when 
(time  of  day)  an  entry  was 
made.  An  automatic  self- 
test  feature  also  was  includ- 
ed. 

System  Design 

For  purposes  of  system 

description  and  layout,  the 
Fig.  4  block  diagram  is  in- 
cluded to  help  avoid  confu- 
sion. The  system  is  divided 
into  three  basic  parts.  Part 
(C)  is  the  H8-2  Heath  I/O 
and  is  shown  for  clarity. 
Parts  (A)  and  (B)  can  be 
combined  into  one  unit  or 
board  even  though  they  are 
shown  as  being  separate. 
The  reason  for  separation  is 
that  I  chose  to  build  two 
units  using  .1  x  .1  inch, 
22-pin,  two-sided,  plug-in 
vectorboards.  Circuit-Stik 
copper  strip  and  pads  are 
used  to  mount  compo- 
nents, and  wire-wrap  sock- 
ets are  used  for  the  IC  sock- 
ets. The  two  boards  are  con- 
nected together  by  a  16-pin 
DIP  jumper  (U10). 

Early  in  the  design  stage, 
a  decision  was  made  to  al- 
low for  several  types  of  sim- 
ple sensors.  The  simplest  of 
these  is  the  open/closed  cir- 
cuit. A  decision  also  was 
made  to  provide  all  signal 
conditioning  and  detector 
logic  outside  the  computer 
enclosure.  As  a  result,  parts 
(A)  and  (B)  are  external  to 
the  computer  and  all  inputs 
and  outputs  are  external  to 
the  detector  enclosure. 

Power  Source 

To  overcome  the  power 
problem,  a  backup  source 
of  power  is  used.  Fig.  5  is  a 
block  diagram  of  one  meth- 
od of  doing  this.  This  partic- 
ular method  is  not  as  effi- 
cient as  a  more  complex 
battery  and  regulator  cir- 
cuit, but  it  is  simpler.  Also 


FENCE* 


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Fig.  2.  Wail  views. 


■    CLOSED  SEKSQR 

0   FIRE  SENSOR 

*    PRESSURE   SEHSOH 


Fig.  3,  Floor  plan. 


shown  in  Fig.  5  is  the  meth- 
od of  connecting  both  the 
charger  and  inverter  to  the 
battery.  The  inverter  will 
run  about  ten  hours  on  a 
fully-charged  12-volt  auto- 
mobile battery  The  charger 
is  set  for  14  volts  so  that  as 
soon  as  line  power  is  re- 
stored, the  battery  is  auto- 
matically recharged.  Addi- 
tional filtering  was  added 
to  the  charger  to  reduce  the 
feedthrough  ripple  A  de- 
vice called  "Mayday,"  man- 
ufactured by  Sun  Technolo- 
gy, Inc.,  New  Durham  NH 
03855,  is  purported  to  pre- 
vent loss  of  memory  when 
brownouts  or  blackouts  oc- 
cur. In  any  case,  a  200-Watt 


power  source  will  be  suffi- 
cient for  a  fully-loaded  H8. 

Sensors 

All  of  the  detector  log- 
ic—part (A)— uses  positive 
true  logic,  i.e.,  a  1,  or  high, 
level  indicates  a  fault.  Re- 
verse logic  can  be  used  also 
and  will  be  explained  later 
Both  the  burglar  and/or  fire 
alarms  are  designed  to  op- 
erate with  positive  or  nega- 
tive logic. 

All  sensors  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  smoke 
alarms  are  made  of  small- 
gauge  copper-  or  enamel- 
covered  copper  wire  and 
are  shown  in  Fig.  12.  These 
are  the  least  expensive  and 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


117  U0 


This  shows  the  position  of  the  I/O  connector  on  the  Sears 
control  unit 


easiest  to  install  No  relays 
or  magnets  are  used  al- 
though they  are  easily  sub- 
stituted 

Fire  detectors  are  manu- 
factured from  a  short  piece 
of  rosin  core  (Multicore) 
028"  (71mm)  solder  This 
solder  melts  at  approxi- 
mately 450  to  550  degrees 
F,  This  is  below  the  flash 
point  of  paper  and  is  great 
around  a  fireplace  or  flue. 
The  output  from  a  standard 
smoke  detector  is  used  to 
trigger  the  fire-/smoke- 
alarm  input.  Most  smoke 
alarms  use  a  transistor  to 
turn  on  the  alarm  device,  so 
the  sensor  lines  [input  and 
ground  of  U8)  are  connect- 
ed at  the  switching-transis- 
tor input.  Some  schematic 
checking  may  be  required 
for  your  particular  smoke 
alarm 


Two  additional  sensors 
are  provided;  these  are 
pressure  types.  They  are 
manufactured  from  two 
galvanized  sheet-metal 
plates  separated  by  a  4-  or 
6-mil  plastic  sheet.  The 
plates  are  approximately  2 
X  3  feet  and  are  covered 
by  indoor/outdoor  carpet. 
The  carpet  is  used  partly  for 
protection  from  rain  and 
partly  for  concealment  on 
an  outside  step. 

Part  (A)  — Alarm  Logic 

The  schematic  diagram 
of  Fig,  6  is  the  detection 
board.  U1  and  U8  along 
with  signal  conditioning 
form  the  inputs  to  the  sys- 
tem, U1  is  the  burglar-alarm 
section  and  U8  is  the  fire- 
alarm  section.  R15  through 
R28  (10k)  form  pull-up  lev- 
els   for    each    input    line 


I/O 
PAHT  ICJ 


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0 


A 

V 


LIGHTING 

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ALARM 

CONTROL 


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CARREER 

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A 


Fig.  4.  Block  diagram. 
118     73  Magazine  •  October.  1981 


Diodes  CR1  through  CR12 
(10V  zeners)  have  two  func- 
tions. The  main  function  is 
to  limit  the  positive  input 
voltage  via  R1  through  R12 
(1k)  to  10  volts.  In  normal 
operation,  the  input  lines 
are  shorted  to  ground 
through  the  sensor  and  go 
high  only  when  the  sensor  is 
tripped.  The  second  func- 
tion of  the  diodes  is  to  pro- 
vide a  method  of  checking 
operation  of  the  system  by 
software  U1  and  UB  are 
CMOS  non-inverting  buf- 
fers. If  it  is  desired  to  have  a 
closure  to  ground  when  a 
sensor  is  tripped,  U1  and/or 
U8  can  be  changed  to  a 
4049 B  inverter.  The  diodes 
must  be  reversed  along 
with  ground  and  +5  volts 
on  RL 

U2  and  U3  form  an  8  bit 
latch  which  stores  whatever 
input  changed  U4  is  con- 
nected in  parallel  with  U2 
and  U3  and  is  an  8-input 
NOR  gate.  No  matter  which 
input  line  goes  high,  the 
output  of  U4  (pin  13)  goes 
low.  This  line  is  used  to  tell 
the  computer  I/O  that  valid 
data  is  ready  to  be  sent. 
Pins  5  of  U2  and  U3  are  tied 
together  and  to  the  SEND 
DATA  line  of  the  computer. 
The  software  will  toggle 
this  line  several  times  to  be 
sure  that  the  data  is  con- 
stant and  available  for  the 
correct  length  of  time,  thus 
preventing  static  discharges 
from  triggering  the  alarm. 
These  two  lines  form  the 
major  handshaking  with  the 
computer, 

U9  and  Q1  form  the  self- 


test  circuit.  U9  is  connected 
via  the  board  interconnect, 
U10  to  U16,  The  software 
randomly  checks  the  sys- 
tem to  determine  if  it  is  still 
functional.  RL  forces  +5 
volts  on  all  inputs  simulta- 
neously and  the  computer 
reads  the  results.  If  the  val- 
ue read  is  not  correct,  a  no- 
tice  is  printed  out  and  the 
program  continues  51  is 
provided  to  allow  a  local 
check  of  the  system.  The 
software  monitors  this 
function  and  will  inform  the 
operator  if  all  is  well. 

U5  and  U6a  form  the 
code  logic.  The  logic  is 
nothing  more  than  an  eight- 
line-to-binary  conversion. 
This  method  allows  16  in- 
put lines  to  use  only  four  of 
the  eight  data-output  lines 
to  the  computer.  Data-out- 
put line  D4  is  used  only  to 
record  the  fact  that  a  fire/ 
smoke  sensor  was  triggered 
and  to  turn  on  all  lights.  The 
alarm  is  set  off  without 
computer  intervention. 

U7  is  used  in  the  same 
manner  as  U4  except  that 
its  output  drives  the  input 
of  U6b  which  is  used  as  an 
inverter.  As  in  the  case  of 
U1 ,  if  an  input  to  UB  should 
open,  pin  13  of  U6b  would 
go  high,  indicating  an  alarm 
condition,  Two  additional 
lines  into  U7  are  provided 
as  shown  in  Fig.  6.  They  are 
used  to  connect  to  the 
smoke  alarms,  If  they  are 
not  used,  they  should  be 
grounded. 

U13/U11  and  U14/U12 
form  the  pressure  sensors 


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Fig.  6.  Part  (A),  alarm  logic. 


Since  the  function  of  each 
is  the  same,  only  one  set 
will  be  described,  U14  is  an 
LM311  that  is  connected  as 
a  multivibrator  which  runs 
at  approximately  1  MHz 
with  no  input.  When  a  fifty- 
foot  length  of  Bel  den  8401 
microphone  cable  and  the 
two  galvanized  plates  are 
attached,  it  runs  at  about  50 
kHz.  U12  is  a  CMOS  dual 
one-shot  The  first  section 
along  with  Q15  forms  a 
missing-pulse  detector. 
When  pressure  (stepping  on 
the  plates)  is  applied  to  the 
plates,  the  frequency  goes 
down  and  the  one-shot 
times  out  and  triggers  the 
second  section  of  U12.  The 
second  one-shot  is  re  trig- 
jerable  and  the  output  goes 
ligh  for  approximately  3 
ieconds.  The  LED  is  used 
3nly  for  visual  aid.  R29  and 
?30  provide  adjustment  of 


the  missing-pulse  detector 
to  allow  for  various  cable 
lengths  and  plate  sizes.  A 
fixed  resistor  in  series  with 
R29  and  R30  provides  addi- 
tional range  if  required. 

Part  (B)—  Lighting  and 
Alarm  Control 

The  Fig.  7,  part  (B),  sche^ 
matic  is  perhaps  the  heart 

of  the  system.  The  function 
of  this  part  is  to  provide  a 
path  for  data  to  and  from 
the  computer  I/O  Hand- 
shaking information  is 
passed  through  this  card 
and  onto  the  part  (A)  card. 
Incoming  data  from  the 
part  (A)  card  is  passed 
through  this  card  and  into 
the  computer  I/O. 

U15  and  U16  form  a 
4-line-to-16-line  decimal  de- 
coder. The  output  lines,  1 
through  9,  are  connected 
directly   to   the    inputs   of 


nine  driver  transistors  (Q3 
through  Q1 3)  which,  in  turn, 
are  connected  to  relays  la- 
beled 1  through  8.  Line  9  is 
connected  to  the  same  type 
of  transistor  driver/relay 
(Fig.  8)  as  well  as  to  the  fire- 
alarm  circuit.  The  line-9 
relay  controls  the  external 
alarm  simultaneously  with 
the  internal  fire-alarm  cir- 
cuit. This  combination 
alerts  anyone  inside  or  out- 
side the  house.  The  re- 
maining lines  from  U1&  are 
returned  via  the  U10  inter* 
connect  to  the  part  (A) 
board. 

U18  is  a  two-bit  decoder 
which  is  used  in  combina- 
tion with  U15  and  U16.  The 
output  of  U18  is  connected 
to  three  driver  transistors 
which,  in  turn,  are  connect- 
ed to  relays.  These  relays 
are  labeled  Ar  B,  and  C 
These    relays,    along    with 


those  labeled  1  through  8, 
are  the  control  relays  for 
the  operation  of  one  of  the 
neatest  devices  to  come 
along  in  a  long  time.  This 
device  is  a  BSR  X-10  (Sears) 
carrier-controlled  lighting 
system.  This  little  gem  will 
control  home  or  office 
lighting  or  applicances  with 
just  a  push  of  a  button  It 
uses  existing  power  wiring, 
is  inexpensive,  and  provides 
an  ideal  solution  to  a  com- 
plex problem.  {It  is  beyond 
the  scope  of  this  article  to 
describe  the  BSR  X-10,  but  a 
good  description  of  it  can 
be  found  in  the  January, 
I960,  issue  of  Byte,  "Com- 
puterize a  Home.") 

The  BSR  X-10  is  modified 
slightly  to  allow  the  control 
lines  to  be  brought  out  to 
the  relays.  Relays  must  be 
used  to  control  the  device 
because  the  control  unit  is 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     119 


'A 


These  photos  show  the  front  (left)  and  back  (right)  views  ot  the  "A"  board  Note  the  use  of  "CircuihStik"  copper  strip  for 
power  and  ground.  The  IC  sockets  are  soldered  to  the  copper  strip  to  hold  them  in  place  before  the  wire-wrap  is  installed. 


connected  directly  to  the 
power  line  and  is  powered 
by  —  20  volts  Fig  9  defines 
the  pin  numbers  to  be 
brought  out  and  their  func- 
tions. The  method  used  to 
modify  the  BSR  X-10  will  be 
described  later. 

Q3  through  Q14  are  all 
2N2222-type  transistors, 
but  they  could  be  any  NPN 
device  Power  ratings  are 
minimal  because  they  are 
on  for  only  about  35  ms.  Re- 
lays are  +  12-voltSPSTDIP 
types  RL  must  be  a  DPDT 
type  as  shown.  Any  small 
relay  can  be  used. 

Alarms 

Not  counting  lighting 
control,  this  system  has  on- 
ly two  alarms.  The  burglar 
alarm   is   a   "warble"  type 


and  will  drive  a  30-  or 
40-Watt  speaker.  The 
speaker  is  mounted  in  a 
weatherproof  housing.  The 
fire  alarm  is  a  Sonalert 
which  is  mounted  directly 
on  the  hot  air  ducting  of  the 
furnace.  The  ducting  makes 
a  good  sound  pipe  and  the 
alarm  is  easily  heard 
throughout  a  medium-sized 
building.  Fig.  8  is  the  sche- 
matic of  the  warble  alarm. 
It  is  a  modified  version  of 
the  one  found  in  H.W. 
Sams'  Solid  State  Electronic 
Projects,  1972,  page  52, 

Telephone  Dialer 

An  output  for  a  tele- 
phone dialer  [see  Fig.  4)  is 
included  for  special  usage. 
This  line  is  connected  to  a 
small    amount    of    logic 


which  controls  an  autodial- 
er.  The  dialer  is  sold  by 
Radio  Shack  and  is  con- 
nected so  that  an  audio  cas- 
sette with  prerecorded  mes- 
sages is  played  over  the 
phone. 

Care  should  be  used 
when  operating  the  dialer. 
Most  states  do  not  allow 
automatic  dialers  con- 
trolled by  computers  to  dial 
police  and  fire  services.  A 
friend  or  relative  would  be 
a  better  choice,  No  circuit 
description  is  included  here 
because  of  regulations  that 
city,  county,  and  telephone 
companies  have  instituted. 

BSR  X-10  Modifications 

The  BSR  X-10  is  modified 
by  first  removing  a  single 
screw  in  the  bottom  of  the 


unit.  It  will  come  apart  in 
two  sections.  The  LSI  chip 
and  push-buttons  are  in  the 
top  section  while  the  trans- 
mitter is  in  the  bottom  sec- 
tion. The  push-buttons  will 
not  fall  out  since  they  are 
mounted  on  the  reverse  of 
the  PC  board.  There  is  room 
on  the  top  section  to  cut  a 
hole  large  enough  to  install 
a  14-pin  DIP  socket  The 
pins  of  the  socket  are  wired 
to  the  control  pins  of  the 
LSI  chip  using  small-gauge 
stranded  wire  soldered  di- 
rectly to  the  pin. 

Fig.  9  defines  the  pins 
and  their  functions.  It  is 
necessary  only  to  tack-sol- 
der this  connection.  The 
BSR  X-10  will  function  man- 
ually as  well  as  from  com- 
puter control. 


DATA  TO 
COMPUTER 


BO   <Z> 


5) 

■^wv — 


-*w* 


-«wv 


Di   O 


•^Wr- 


04    O 


^ 


SEW  »taC> 


DATA  VALID  <3 


IK 


G ROUND 
DATA  TAKEN 


D5    O 


04  rz> 

DATA  FROM    f    D3   0> 
COMPUTER    \  , 

D2    L> 

Dl    O 


XA 


i 

/FT- 


LflO 


-: 


i* 


i 


i 


jr~i><*^s 


*Jui7b 


r 

i 


.   ": 


r^ 


*te 


nc/qh 


'CONTROL 

LIMES  TO 
BSR  X-10 
UNIT 


Fig.  7,  Part(B),  control. 
120     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Unused  Outputs 

Several  spare  outputs  are 
provided  for  other  devices. 
A  word  of  caution  when  us- 
ing these  outputs:  All  are 
capable  of  driving  one  TTL 
load  and  it  is  advisable  to 
include  a  1k  series  resistor 
when  using  any  of  them  for 
additional  functions. 

Software  Design  — Overview 

The  major  function  of 
the  software  is  to  generate 
a  clock  for  reference  and  to 
help  control  all  other  activ- 
ities of  the  alarm  system. 
The  clock  routine  is  a  modi- 
fied version  of  an  HB  alarm- 
clock   program   written  by 


SOFTWARE  DESCRIPTION 

•  Lines  10  through  18  are  reminders  only.  Heath  Extended 
BASIC  version  10.05  is  used  although  this  software  will  work 
on  version  10.02  as  well  as  HDOS. 

•  Lines  20  through  28  allow  automatic  title  centering. 

•  Lines  30  through  36  are  a  printed  warning  for  proper  port  I/O 
addressing. 

•  Lines  36  through  46  check  to  see  if  the  H8-2  will  respond.  If 
not  the  program  stops. 

•  Line  48  determines  the  number  of  days  alarm  information 
can  be  stored,  If  more  time  is  required,  the  dimension  state- 
ment can  be  changed.  The  only  limit  is  the  amount  of  memory 
in  the  computer 

•  Lines  50  through  62  set  up  and  check  the  time  of  day  that 
was  input  from  the  keyboard. 

•  Line  64  defines  which  buttons  on  the  BSR  X-10  will  be  used. 
The  values  33  through  40  equate  {see  Figs.  9  and  1 1)  to  the  fol- 
lowing buttons:  10.  2t  6,  8,  4, 14, 12,  and  16.  Any  value  can  be 
used  here. 

•  Lines  70  through  74  set  up  the  CNTRLB  function  and  the 
H8  front-panel  readout. 

•  Lines  80  through  84  check  the  burglar  alarm  for  operation. 
If  the  alarm  does  not  respond,  the  program  stops, 

•  Line  88  clears  the  remote-fighting  control  (BSR  X-10)  unit. 

•  Lines  100  through  136  are  the  alarm  check  routine. 

•  Lines  200  through  265  are  the  clock-counter  routine. 

•  Lines  500  through  595  are  the  main  lighting  routine.  Note 
that  the  lights  are  not  turned  on  if  the  time  is  between  the 
hours  of  6  in  the  morning  and  6  in  the  evening. 

•  Lines  600  through  695  control  when,  and  the  length  of  time, 
a  randomly-selected  light  is  on. 

•  Lines  700  through  710  are  a  subroutine  used  as  a  timing 
routine  to  allow  the  relay  time  to  close, 

•  Lines  800  through  810  are  the  OFF  lighting  relay  timing 
routine, 

•  Lines  1000  through  1060  print  the  system  status  when  a 
controt-B  is  used,  Any  entries  are  stored  in  memory  and  are 
printed  on  command. 

•  Lines  1 100  through  1140  are  the  system  error  print  routines. 

•  Lines  1200  through  1225  set  off  the  alarm.  Before  the  alarm 
Is  actually  turned  on,  the  counter  (B1)  must  count  eight  alarm 
conditions  before  the  alarm  relay  is  set  to  ON,  This  is  done  to 
prevent  static  or  power  glitches  from  triggering  the  alarm.  If  it 
is  after  6  pm,  line  1 220  turns  all  controlled  lights  on  as  well  as 
the  alarm.  Only  a  control-B  or  power  failure  will  shut  off  the 
alarm.  An  external  switch  will  silence  the  speaker  but  the 
alarm  is  still  activated, 

You  will  note  that  the  telephone  dialer  function  was  not  in- 
cluded in  the  software  listing.  If  it  is  to  be  used,  it  would  be 
added  after  line  1305  in  the  case  of  fire  and  1215  in  the  case  of 
possible  burglars.  The  code  would  be  as  follows: 

1306  OUT  2,x:FOR  L=  1  TO  30:NEXT  LOUT  2,0 
where  x  will  equal  the  value  (decimal)  required  for  the  output 
port  selected. 

•  Lines  1300  through  1310  turn  ail  controlled  lights  on  incase 
of  fire,  After  the  lights  are  on,  the  telephone  dialer  would  then 
be  turned  on.  The  program  would  then  return  to  the  timekeep- 
ing routine  line  (200), 


Program  listing. 


«  ■ 


Adrian  Thornton  for  the  De- 
:ember,  1979,  issue  of  Kilo- 
yaud.  The  clock  time-set 
outine  was  modified  for 
M-hour  operation  and  the 
ilarm  routine  was  modified 
o  control  the  burglar/fire 
ilarm  using  the  H8  software 
:ontrof-B    function.    The 


control^  function  also 
prints  out  the  system  status. 
In  my  case,  the  computer  is 
never  turned  off  and  the 
terminal  is  always  on. 

Probably  the  best  way  to 
describe  the  functions  of 
the  software  program  is  to 
go  through   it  line  by  line 


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}48»  END 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1961     121 


^ 


These  photos  show  the  IC  layout  (left)  and  wire-wrap  [right)  of  board  "B".  The  same  techniques  are  used  on  this  board  as 
were  used  on  the  "A"  board.  The  relays  are  wired  using  copper  strip  since  they  are  the  PC  variety.  IC-type  relays  would  use 
sockets  and  therefore  could  be  wire-wrapped  like  the  ICs. 


(see  box)  It  is  written  in  BA- 
SIC, which  is  an  advantage 
in  that  there  are  no  speed 

requirements  and  modifica- 


tions are  easy  to  make.  The 
only  requirement  is  that 
any  routine  other  than  the 

time/tick-counter   routine 


MS719 


^SPEAKER 


-g  SC> F 


TO  UI6   PIN    14    X 


2N2222 


Fig,  8-  Warble  alarm, 


E> 


CONTflOL' 
RELAYS     rg^. 
(FIG  TJ    L2^ 


H> 


CUSTOM 

LSI 
INTEGRATED 

CIRCUIT 


IT 


irt 


I* 


?.( i 


£1 


22 


23 


21 


KEYBOARD   FUNCTION 


DfM 


OFF 


ALL  OFF 


16 


\2 


DN 


BRIGHT 


All    ON 


14 


S 


6 


19 


I  I 


13 


29 


J 


Fig.  9.  BSR  X-70  control. 
Jffl  122     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


(lines  200  to  260)  must  be 
executed  in  at  least  500  rns. 
If  the  general  format  of  the 
program  is  maintained,  the 
clock  accuracy  will  not  be 
altered. 
Several    possibilities    or 


methods  could  be  used  in 
the  case  of  fire.  It  is  as- 
sumed here  that  it  is  night 
and  you  are  asleep.  If  a  fire 
starts,  the  first  thing  that 
happens  is  that  the  fire 
alarm  goes  off.  The  next  is 


A 

Am 

thru 

A(8) 

A9 

B 
B1 

C 

C1 

D 

D1 

D2 

03 

D4 

L 

P 

T1 

T2 

T3 

T4 

X 

Y9 

Z(1) 

thru 

Z(9) 
0$ 

K$ 

X$ 

TS 

T1$ 

T2$ 

T3S 


SOFTWARE  VARIABLES 


Tick  counter 

Preset  light  selection 


Random  number  used  to  determine  various 

selected  functions 

Hi-byte  counter 

False  alarm  counter  {When  count  =  8,  alarm  is  set 

off.) 

Value  read  from  I/O  (alarm  system) 

Temporary  variable  used  to  turn  lights  off 

Zone  storage  element 

Hour  storage 

Minutes  storage 

Seconds  storage 

Days  storage  (24  max.) 

Relay  bounce  timing 

Temporary  clock  storage 

Hours  (front  panel) 

Minutes  (front  panel) 

Seconds  (front  panel) 

Days  (internal  counter) 

Temporary  clock  storage 

Alarm  check  (1  =  on,  0  =  off) 

Light  check  (1  =  on,  0  =  off) 


(AM  random) 

Front  porch  light  status  (1 

Set  spacing  for  titles 

Same 

Same 

Variable  titles 

Same 

Same 

Same 


=  on,  0  =  off) 


that  the  lights  come  on 
(smoke-filled  room),  then  a 
call  (if  selected)  is  made  for 
you. 

In  lines  100  through  135, 
the  value  of  "C"  is  used  to 
determine  what  will  happen 
next.  If  the  value  of  "C" 
equals  8,  then  the  front- 
porch  light  is  turned  on,  but 
only  rf  it  is  after  six  in  the 
evening.  If  the  value  of  "C" 
is  equal  to  16,  the  fire  alarm 
is  set  off.  If  the  value  is  23, 
then  the  self-check  mes- 
sage is  printed.  Any  value 
suitable  to  your  system  in- 
stallation can  be  used  here. 

Lines  200  through  265 
should  not  be  changed  un- 
less you  are  familar  with  the 
operation  of  the  internal 
Lick  counter  A  complete 
description  of  the  clock 
■outine  can  be  found  in  the 
original  article  referred  to 
earlier 


landom  Timing 

Line  520  plays  an  impor- 
ant  part  in  determining 
vhen  and  if  a  light  will  be 
urned  on.  The  object  of 
his  and  the  following  lines 
s  to  make  the  house  look 
ived  in.  A  value  for  A9  of 
ess  than  .001  will  occur 
ibout  6  times  in  a  24-hour 
>eriod.  If  a  value  less  than 
301  is  generated,  line  525 
esets  A9  to  a  random  inte- 
ger and  then  lines  600 
hrough  616  provide  the  ac- 
ual  control.  These  values 
an  be  changed  to  suit  indi- 
idual  living  patterns. 

Line  505  is  the  line  that 
etermines  when  the  sys- 
*m  will  self-check.  As  now 
et,  the  system  will  check 
self  about  6  to  10  times  a 
ay.  Line  585  does  the  ac- 
jal  checking  via  OUT  2,15. 


Decimal 

Input 

C 

B 

A 

0 

17 

X 

18 

X 

19 

X 

20 

X 

21 

X 

22 

X 

23 

X 

24 

X 

JO 

X 

34 

X 

35 

X 

36 

X 

37 

X 

38 

X 

jy 

X 

40 

X 

49 

X 

50 

X 

51 

X 

52 

X 

53 

X 

54 

X 

55 

X 

56 

X 

Control-B 

The  function  of  the  con- 
trol-B  is  twofold.  The  first 
thing  that  happens  is  that 
the  alarm  is  shut  off.  The 
next  thing  is  that  memory  is 
searched  for  data,  "If  no 
data  is  found,  then  line 
1025  is  printed.  If  some 
data  is  found,  it  is  then  read 
out  via  lines  1030  through 
1045.  It  should  be  noted 
that  some  time  will  be  lost 
when  a  control-B  is  used 
and  there  are  several  differ- 
ent items  to  list  This  is  a 
small  problem  because  the 
services  of  the  burglar 
alarm  are  usually  over 
when  this  function  is  re- 
quired. 

Figs.  10  and  11  are  the  re- 
quired input  codes  for  the 


scimal 
Input 

0 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 


U10  Interconnect  Pin 
16   15   14   13   12   11 


HI 


HI 


HI 


HI 


HI 


HI 


Binary 
Code 

000000 
001001 

00101 0 

001 01 1 

001 100 

001 101 
001  1  1  0 
001 1 1  1 


Remarks 

Normal  state 
Sounds  alarm 

Phone  draler 


System  test 


Fig,  10.  Control  functions. 


8    7    6     5    4     3     2     1 


X 


X 


X 


X 


X 


X 


X 


X 


Binary 

Function 

Code 

000000 

Normal  state 

010001 

010010 

010011 

010100 

010101 

010110 

010111 

011000 

100001 

100010 

100011 

100100 

100101 

100110 

100111 

101000 

110001 

Not  used 

110010 

Not  used 

110011 

All  on 

110100 

Bright 

110101 

On 

110110 

All  off 

110111 

Off 

111000 

Dim 

Fig,  11.  BSR  X~1Q  function  chart 

various  output  functions. 
Fig.  10  shows  the  values 
which  control  the  functions 
of  part  (A),  and  Fig.  11  gives 
the  values  required  to  con- 
trol the  relays  attached  to 
the  BSR  X-10  control  sys- 
tem. 

Sensor  installation 

Sensor  installation  will 
depend  on  several  factors, 
including  the  types  of  mate- 
rials used  in  the  building. 
Fig.  12  gives  examples  of 
the  major  types  of  sensors 
used  in  this  system.  Install- 
ing the  door  sensor  is  about 
fhe  easiest.  Sensor  contact 


is  made  by  attaching  small 
wires  to  nails  or  screws 
which  are  mounted  in  the 
hinge  side  of  the  door  jamb, 
A  small  metal  plate  at- 
tached by  nails  or  two-sided 
tape  is  mounted  on  the 
door.  When  the  door  is 
closed,  the  plate  shorts 
across  the  nail  (screw) 
heads,  closing  the  circuit. 
Wires  from  the  nails 
(screws)  are  run  along  the 
floor,  rug,  or/if  necessary, 
through  a  small  hole  drilled 
in  the  doorstop.  Caulking 
and  paint  will  easily  cover 
this  small  wire  on  the  out- 
side of  the  building. 


#2B  OR  *26  WIRE- 


BOTTOM  EDGE 

OF    DOOR 


\ 


-SMALL    SOLDER  JOINT 


JOES   DIA    SOLDER 


.+- TWO  SIDED  TAPE 

""^^  SMALL  COPPER  PLATE 


'.Dot 
VIEW 


^  DOOR 


-PLATE 


DOOR 

FRAME 


NAILS   OR  SCREWS- 
ATTACHEO  TO 
#?.B   OR  #26 
WIRE 


W£>:_" 


--DOOR 
STOP 


SMALL 
HOLE 
FOR 
WIPE 


F/g.  12.  Fire  sensor  design  (upper  right)  and  sensor-mounting 


73  Magazine  »  October,  1981     123 


'A 


Aluminum  frame  win- 
dows and  doors  are  the 
hardest  to  wire  If  the  win- 
dow or  door  has  an  alumi- 
num frame  but  a  wood  cas- 
ing, the  same  method  as 
used  above  can  be  used  ex- 
cept that  in  this  case  the 
aluminum  frame  takes  the 
place  of  the  small  plate.  If 
both  the  frame  and  casing 
are  aluminum,  the  best 
method  seems  to  be  mount- 
ing the  screws  on  a  small  in- 
sulated block.  Careful  at- 
tention should  be  given  to 
mounting  so  that  an  occa- 
sional open  or  always  short 
circuit  will  not  develop. 
Conductive  tape  can  be 
used  on  windows  if  necessa- 
ry. This  tape  is  available 
from  Radio  Shack.  In  any 
case,  use  care  to  conceal 
the  wire,  A  single  wire  can 
be  used  to  loop  around  one 
side  (zone)  of  the  building 
with  the  return  being 
brought  directly  back  to  the 
source  (detector  enclosure). 

The    galvanized    plates 


are  laid  on  a  plastic  mat  to 
prevent  current  leakage 
through  concrete  or  wet 
wood.  The  entire  plate  as- 
sembly is  then  covered  with 
indoor/outdoor  carpet  The 
carpet  is  glued  down  to  pre- 
vent slippage. 

Summary 

This  alarm  system  has 
been  in  operation  for  about 
one  year.  Various  forms  and 
layouts  have  been  used  and 
as  yet  only  two  false  alarms 
were  sounded.  Both  of 
these  were  caused  by  poor 
solder  joints  Power  for  this 
alarm  is  taken  directly  from 
the  H8  +18-  and  +8-volt 
bus.  Any  source  which  will 
provide  approximately  500 
mA  (alarm  on)  will  work. 
The  system  is  built  with 
CMOS  devices  and  requires 
less  than  1  mA  for  normal 
operation. 

I  hope  you  enjoy  the 
same  peace  of  mind  that  I 
do,  should  you  try  this  sys- 
tem, 


Parts  List 

Qty.Type 

Used  For 

Remarks 

ICt 

2      4050B 

U1  and  U8 

2      4042B 

U2  and  U3 

Pin  6  and  8  to  Vss 

2      4078B 

U4  and  U7 

2      4068B 

U5  and  U6 

2      4001B 

U9andUl7 

Unused  inputs  to  Vss 

2      4028B 

U15andU16 

1  4514B  substitute 

1      4555B 

U18 

Unused  inputs  to  Vss 

2      4098B 

U11  and  U12 

Transistors 

2      PNP 

Q15andQ16 

Any  PNP  type  for  Q 16; 
not  shown  in  Fig,  6 

13    NPN 

Q1  through  014 

2N2222  or  equivalent 

Opamps 

2      LM311 

U13  and  U14 

Voltage  comparator 

Diodes 

11     1N914 

Voltage  suppressorsacross  relays 

12     10  V 

CR1  through  CR12 

100-mW  zeners 

Relays 

10    SPST 

+  12-volt  DIP 

1       DPDT 

+  l2^volt  DIP 

Miscellaneous 

All  resistors  are  %  Watt.  Capacitors  are  in  uF  and  electrolyt- 
ics  are  marked  with  a  + .  Circuit-Stik  products  are  available  in 
most  parts  houses  or  directly  from  Circuit-Stik,  PO  Box  3396, 
Torrance  CA  90510.  All  components  can  be  purchased  from 
Gotf  bout  or  James  or  from  other  advertisers  in  this  magazi ne. 


INT6BPAC6 


CAR° 


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O 


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124     73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981 


DX  IDIOTS  ARISE! 

Dick  Bash  says  you  need  THE  COMPLETE IDIOTS  GUIDE  TO 

DX  {by  Stu  Gregg,  NF4Z)  if: 


yog  think  IRC  means  International  Red  Cross 

you're  still  working  on  your  DXCC 

you  think  WAC  means  a  female  army  person 

you're  not  a  BIG  GUN  (yet) 

you  think  thai  'Slim'  is  just  a  skinny  ham 


The  Idiot's  Guide  pulls  no  punches  and  doesn't  "snow*  you 
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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     125 


3NEW  PRODUCTS  FROM  HAL-TRONIXE 


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126     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


R  THE  NOVICE 


NEW,  UPDATED 

EDITIONS  OF  OUR 

FAMOUS  NOVICE  LICENSE 

STUDY  GUIDE  AND 
NOVICE  STUDY  TAPES 


•  NOVICE  STUDY  GUIDE— 5G7357— by  Timothy  M.  Daniel  NBFfK.  Here  is  the  most  up  to  date  novice 
guide  available.  It  is  complete  svith  information  about  learning  Morse  Cod©,  has  the  la  rest  FCC 
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memorization  course  but  ratherit  emphasises  the  practical  sideof  getting  a  ham  license  and  putting  a 
station  on  the  air.  It  reflects  what  the  FCC  expects  a  Novice  to  know  without  page  after  page  of  dull 
theory.  The  most  current  information  still  available  at  last  years  price.  $4.95 

•  NOVICE  STUDY  TAPES— CT7300— If  you  are  just  getting  started  in  ham  radio,  you'll  find  these 
tapes  indispensable!  This  up-to-the-minute  revision  of  the  73  Study  Course  is  the  perfect  way  to  learn 
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"GENESIS" 

5  WPM— CT7305 — This  is  the  beginning  tape  tor  people 
who  do  not  know  the  code  al  all.  It  takes  them  through 
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com  pie  le  with  practice  every  step  of  the  way  using  the 
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pressure — faced  with  characters  senl  at  13  wpm  and 
spaced  for  5  wpm).  This  tape  Is  not  rnemorizablef  unlike 
The  2any  5  wpm  tape,  since  the  code  groups  are  entirely 
random  characters  sent  in  groups  of  five 


"BACK  BREAKER11 

13+  WPM— CT7313— Code  groups  again,  at  a  brisk  14 
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FREQUENCES 


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RS  No.  Page 

3       AED  Electronics- , 183 

448  Advanced  Comm,  tnternatfonaL-96 
2      Advanced  Electronic  Application 

. 24,49 

475  Albia  Electronics,.,., B3 

20     AM  Electronics. 160 

314  AfHanceMfg  Co 46 

406  Alaska  Microwave  Labs 53 

429  Amateur  Accessories., ..184 

•       Amateur  Electronic  Supply 

, 79, 111, 167, 171. 181 

5      AmateurWholesale  Electronics 

.39 

461   Amateur- Wholesale  Electronics 

..., 38 

7       American  Crystal  Supply 182 

334  Amidon  Assoc. , 156 

■>«.-*V  Hi   I    ICwniiTiiiiiiiiiiTiiiTiiiTiiiiiiifiriiiiiliiiT--   h^J 

Appliance  &  Equipment  Co.,  Inc. 

184 


R.S.No+  P>ga 

466  dB  +  Enterprises ...184 


lilltJlllJII4ll>llllllll 


71     Applied  Invention .,..,. 156 

*       Associated  Radio 110 

Automated  Technology^  Inc 65 

469  8G  Carl  Electronics,., 183 

11  Barker  &  Williamson 157, 161 

305   Barry  Electronics.... 37 

440  Rex  Bassett  Electronics,  Inc 103 

26     Bash  Educational  Services 125 

420  Benjamin  Michael  Industries.. 171 

480  Benjamin  Michael  Industries.. ...,168 
483  Bilal ......167 

12  Bullet  Electronics 204 

Butternut  Electronics.- 107 

455  Chaney  Electronics 160 

13  Ctegg 103 

39     CE utt erf  ree  Mod u tar  Co n soles. ....  1 26 
6       Code  Quick.... 183 

Columbia  Engineering,.. 183 

28     Comm.  Center,  HE.. 186 

382  Comm.  Goncepts,  Inc ............184 

377  Communications  Electronics 

- 185 

462  Communications  Electronics 

Specialties ...179 

15     Gomm,  Specialists......... ...1G\  11 

444  Computer  Pius ....181, 184 

Conley  Radio  Suppiy/AEA 76 

Crown  Micro  Products,.., 38 

70     Cubic  uorrtm...L.u. .....6u 


330  Debco  Electronics 125 

Desktop  Microcomputing 98 

411    DGM  Electronics,  inc JB$ 

17     Dielectric  Communications 65 

416  Dtgi-Key 197 

Digital  Research  Parts, 207 

43     DNEJnc.., ...163 

425  Doppler  Systems 181 

16    Downlink,  Inc & 105 

453  E,G.E„  inc,„..„„„,  ,,. 101 

456  Echo  Comm.  Division  (Joseph's  Ltd.J 
...„.„ 182 

*  80  Microcomputing 78 

91      ETCO  Electronics 89 

447  Electronic  Hobby  Innovations 

170 

24  Encomm,  Inc 9 

400  Engineering  Consulting  Service 

181 

Eriokson  Comm... 61 

73     Expotek .160 

439  Ben  Franklin  Electronics 164 

323  Fox-Tango  Corp. 171 

General  Electric 66 

25  Germantown  Amateur  Radio  Supply 

„..„ .113 

Global  Electronics,,., 184 

417  Gotham  Antenna... < 101 

Grove  Enterprise ,.105 

9       HMRII . 181 

485  Heath  Co,. 168 

487  Heath  Co „.. ...., ,42 

345   Hal  Comm _ ....46,47 

31      HaMronix, .91,  126 

Ham  Radio  Center.................. 97 

Ham  Radio  Genter/Yaesu.... 162 

*  Ham  Radio  Outlet,,, „..„ 3 

449  The  Ham  Shack...,. ...161 

33  Hamtronics,  NY. , 205 

477  Hamtronics,  NY 166 

460  HandlTek .....182 

34  Henry  Radio ........Gov,  II 

72     High  Gain  Systems , 183 

320  Hoosler  Electronics....,,., 33 

*  Hustler,  Inc 31,  38 

ICOM 16,  17 


3RL. 


r  ii---  f- --MtP  +  a* 


24 


H.S.  No.  Pnga 

36     Info-Tech „..„.„ - 96 

479  Indiana  Quick  Charge,... 169 

414  Inotek  Engineering .......182 

36     International  Crystal .89 

445  Instant  Software 

Dealers... , , ...114 

Amateur  Radio  Programs 

115  124 

... 1J,J  l  L  J  ■  ■  LJ   I  111  ■  I  ■■  ■   II  I  ■  I  Fl  ■   I      1        I     V  7  1    ^™       ■ 

409  JDR  Microdevices ..,..,.... 109 

36     Jameco  Electronics ........209 

39     Jan  Crystals, 99 

471   Johnston,  Bill/NBKFI .... 101 

Kantronics... 157. 161, 179 

K8  Microcomputing.., .78 

Kirk  Electronics, 103 

Kenwood Cover  IV,  7, 26 

322  Lars  en  Antennas.....,.., 77 

457  Lewis  Construct  I  on 163 

482  M  Squared  Engineering 170 

451    MCM..,,.,. 29 

478   MCM ..,..168 

47     MFJ  Enterprises 

99,  101,  103,  I05r  107,109 

46     MHz  Electronics 187  196 

44     Macrotronlcs ,„..,.* 87 

49  Micro  Control  Specialties— .36 

51  Mlcroiog...... 68, 69 

313  Micro  Management  Systems 146 

50  Microcrart  Corp 156 

52  MldCom  Electronics,  Inc 45r  1 1 0 

476  Mirage  Comm 169 

468  Mirage  Comm .50 

70     Mirage  Comm , 149 

308  J.  W.  Miller , 53,  55 

C.  W   Mills 183 

484  Motorola ,..„.„.... .„,..  1 69 

318  National  Comm.  Group  Co 125 

468  N.P.S.,  Inc. 157 

412   Mernal  Electronics , 181 

Orbit  Magazine .153 

P.  Q.  Electronics 64,  112 

Palomar  Engineers 4 

Pecos  vai  ley /A  la ...........yu 

473  Peripheral  Products, 183 

300  PipoComm 182 

58     Poly  Paks.. , ^ 148 

459  QRO  Engineering ..153 

60     Quest  Electronics.... 198 

4t     rir  v^am  HO. ........ ..■■.■■.. ...,.,,. ■  if  i 


RS.  No.  Pag* 

61  Radio  Amateur  Gallfaook.  Inc. 
107,179 

454  Radiokit - 61 

381    Radio  Systems Techn „._.183 

397   Radio  World,,., , .109 

62  Ramsey  Electronics 199,  206 

458  Richcraft  Engineering,  Ltd 182 

418  Rolin  Distributors,.. -51 

21     Roux  Wire  Die,  Inc ..99 

481    Ruder  &  Finn 166 

376  SMP ...161 

65     S-F  Amateur  Radio  Service 55 

304  Sabadia  Export  Corp 180 

64     Semiconductors  Surplus 2O0-2O3 

73  Magazine 
Books 

,76,78,68,  90,  148,  127430 

Dealers  Ad....... 88 

"Moving" 90 

Subscriptions 

136,  147, 162, 180 

U  n  i  varsity  M  re  rof  i  I  m  s... 1 80 

463  The  Shack  Desk .105 

*       Sherwood  Engineering, 182 

433  Skyte 184 

367  Slep  Electronics 180 

309  Spacecoasi  Research 181 

Spectronics..... ....208 

68  Spectrum  Comm.,.. 43 

436  Spectrum  International 95 

465  Star  Irak  Systems,  inc 181 

403  Stewart  Quads 38, 103 

69  Surplus  Electronics  Corp.,.,,,, 183 

430  TEM  Microwave  Corp 162 

TenTec,  Inc 25 

76     Trac  Electronics 65 

Universal  Communications.... .......  15 

486   VIZ  Mfg, --,-..,.,, „..,. 36 

Van  Gordon  Eng 55 

311   Vanguard  Labs. ....182 

437  Vani-Plate  Co. 180 

464  H.  C.  Van  Valzah  Co 160 

90     VoCom  Products  Corp 61 

302  W  S  Engineering 148 

79  Wacom  Products , 99 

80  Western  Electronics 153 

Wilson  Systems 34, 35 

83     Yaesu  Electronics  Corp Gov.  Ill 

336  Z  Associates... .. 181,  184 


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130     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Diode  Doctor 

the  P-N  diagnoses 


Paul  M.  DanzerNlif 
2  Dawn  Road 
Norwalk  CT  06851 


3900 
1/4  W 


+4V 


t 


1/4  W 
— 'vW— 


RED  LED 


+9tf 


SI  K 

I/4W 


TOCGLE 
SWITCH 


G(,Q2 
2N2222  OR 

ANY  COMMON 
NPN  SWITCH 


5!  K 
1/4  W 
^w- — 


GREEN  LEO 


I! 


CLIPS  TO  CONNECT 
Q1QCE   UNDER  TEST 


Fig.  1.  Diode-tester  schematic. 


9V  BATTERY 
CONNECTOR 


o 


RED  LED 


GREEN    LED    Q 


RED   ONLY- OPEN 

RED  AMD  GREEN -OK  FORWARD 


GREEN  ONLY- OK  REVERSE 
RED  AND  GREEN  -SHORTED 


TOGGLE 

SWITCH 


CLIPS   TO  CONNECT    DIODE 


Fig,  2«  Front-panel  layout 


For  many  years  I  have 
used  my  ohm  meter  to 
test  diodes,  The  usual  tech- 
nique was  to  set  the  meter 
on  R  x  10,  fumble  with  the 
test  leads  to  get  a  "low" 
reading  (OK  in  the  forward 
direction),  reset  the  meter 
toR  X  100  or  R  X  1000,  re- 
fumble  to  reverse  the  di- 
ode, and  check  for  a  "high" 
reading  (OK  in  the  reverse 
direction).  Usually,  around 
the  second  fumble  I  would 
lose  track  as  to  whether  I 
actually  reversed  the  diode 
and  would  have  to  fumble  a 
few  more  times  to  recheck. 
Recently,  I  purchased  a 
bag  of  100  untested  switch- 
ing diodes,  and  anticipating 
a  long  evening  of  lead 
switching,  testing,  and  re- 
testing,  I  decided  to  build  a 
simple  diode  tester.  Con- 
struction time  was  about  1 5 
minutes,  a  good  investment 
if  you  occasionally  or  more 
than  occasionally  test  di- 
odes. 

The  circuit  shown  (Fig,  1) 
was  built  in  a  3"  X  4"  X  1" 
plastic  box.  Three  holes  are 
drilled:  one  for  each  LED 
and  one  for  the  toggle 
switch.  The  "instruction 
plate"  was  written  on  a  self- 
stick  label  and  mounted 
just  above  the  switch-  Two 
test  leads  with  clips  are 
brought  out  to  connect 
with  the  diode  as  shown  by 
the  symbol  drawn  just 
below  the  switch.  Fig.  2 
shows  the  physical  arrange- 
ment  of  the  front  panel. 


A  standard  9-volt  battery 
connector  is  brought  out 
the  back  to  power  the  cir- 
cuit, I  recently  have  stan- 
dardized all.  of  my  small 
test  instruments  on  9  volts 
and  bring  out  the  connec- 
tors. When  I  want  to  use  an 
instrument,  I  simply  con- 
nect a  9-volt  battery,  thus 
saving  on  power  supplies 
and  multiple  batteries  for 
instruments  I  only  occa- 
sionally use, 

Operation  of  the  tester 
follows  the  "instruction 
plate/'  Connect  the  diode, 
throw  the  toggle  switch  to 
the  left,  and  check  that 
both  the  red  and  green 
LEDs  are  on.  If  only  the  red 
LED  fires,  the  diode  is  open. 
Now  throw  the  toggle  to  the 
right;  only  the  green  LED 
should  be  on.  If  both  the 
red  and  green  LEDs  fire,  the 
diode  is  shorted.  Note:  If 
the  diode  fails  both  tests, 
you  probably  have  con- 
nected it  backwards.  Thus, 
the  tester  also  can  be  used 
to  find  the  polarity  of  un- 
marked diodes. 

Caution:  Many  toggle 
switches  connect  the  center 
terminal  to  the  end  ter- 
minal opposite  the  direc- 
tion of  the  toggle  handle. 
When  the  toggle  handle  is 
to  the  left  the  center  and 
right  rear  contact  (as 
viewed  from  the  front)  are 
connected.  Check  yours 
out  with  an  ohmmeter  be- 
fore wiring  it  in  accordance 
with  the  schematic.  I 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     131 


im 


Chris  Brown  KAW 
73  Magazine  Staff 


In  Profile: 

Lloyd  and  Iris  Colvin, 

The  DXpeditioners 


Lloyd  and  Iris  Colvin 
are  living  a  dream  that 
all  DXoriented  amateurs 
have  envisioned  at  least 
once.  It's  a  dream  of  unlim- 
ited travel  toward  receding 
horizons,  of  financial  secu- 
rity and  international  celeb- 
rity status.  It's  a  dream  of 
going  to  the  sun,  setting  up 


a  shack,  and,  for  once,  oper- 
ating as  the  hunted  rather 
than  the  hunter.  It's  a 
dream  of  being  DX. 

For  the  past  16  years,  the 
Colvins  have  been  on  the 
move.  The  statistics  listed 
on  their  Yasme  Foundation 
QSL  card  tell  the  story:  trav* 
eled    to    142    countries, 


Lloyd  Colvin. 
132     73  Magazine  «  October,  1981 


worked  over  half  the  active 
amateurs  in  the  world, 
achieved  DXCC  56  times 
under  various  callsigns,  re- 
ceived over  350,000  QSL 
cards,  worked  354  coun- 
tries, won  400  awards  in- 
cluding the  first  CQ  Maga- 
zine WPX  Certificate, 

Tanned  and  healthy,  the 
Colvins  approach  retire- 
ment age  with  energy  and 
enthusiasm  instead  of 
dread.  Part  of  the  reason  is 
their  lifestyle,  Financially 
secure  and  unfettered  by 
family  or  business  con- 
straints, they  are  free  to 
roam  the  world  together  in 
an  ongoing  DX  odyssey. 

Under  the  auspices  of  a 
tax-exempt  foundation 
called  Yasme,  they  have 
made  a  career  of  amateur 
radio  DXpeditioning.  With 
an  affinity  for  travel  gained 
during  a  23-year  military 
career  and  a  love  of  radio 
communications  spawned 
in  the  early  days  of  amateur 
radio,  the  Colvins  are 
uniquely  equipped  to  meet 
the  demands  of  their  gypsy 
lifestyle.  Operating  from 
seldom-heard  coral  atolls, 
newly-established  African 
countries,  or  lavish  Caribbe- 
an island  playgrounds,  the 
Colvins  have  long  fascinat- 
ed those  less-fortunate 
souls  on  the  opposite  end 
of  the  circuit. 

But  what  does  it  take  to 
globe-trot  constantly,  to  be 
without  home  and  family 
much  of  the  year?  How  is  it 


possible  to  be  so  dedicated 
to  amateur  radio  that,  no 
matter  how  unusual  or  ex- 
otic the  locale,  rarely  a  day 
goes  by  without  time  spent 
at  mike  or  key? 

And  what  of  Yasme? 
Where  does  the  family  stop 
and  the  Foundation  begin? 
How  does  this  tax-exempt 
corporation  function?  Is  it  a 
building  or  a  box  in  the  Cas- 
tro Valley,  California,  post 
office?  How  are  the  dona- 
tions used  and  what  degree 
of  financial  support  does 
Yasme  sponsorship  entail? 

These  questions  are  just 
a  few  of  many  asked  during 
an  afternoon  spent  with 
Lloyd  and  Iris  Colvin  — the 
DXpeditioners, 

73:  Lloyd,  what  is  Yasme  all 
about? 

Lloyd:  Actually,  it  all  start- 
ed in  1954.  A  young  fellow 
named  Danny  Weil  built  a 
19-foot  boat  with  his  own 
two  hands.  Danny  was  an 
Englishman,  and  he  hoped 
to  sail  around  the  world  in 
the  little  boat  that  he  had 
built 

When  he  got  to  the  US 
Virgin  Islands,  he  met  Dick 
Spenceley  KV4AA  Dick 
said  to  Danny,  "Why  don't 
you  become  a  radio  ham? 
Then,  as  you  go  around  the 
world,  people  who  enjoy 
speaking  with  exotic  coun- 
tries would  have  the  chance 
to  do  so.  They  might  even 
help  you  financially  in  pur- 
suing your  trip  around  the 
world/' 


73:  So  Danny  Weil  wasn't 
licensed  when  he  began  the 
trip? 

Lloyd:  No.  He  was  not  a 
radio  ham  and  he  didn't 
know  the  code.  But  Danny 
accomplished  something 
about  only  one  man  in 
100,000  could.  He  learned 
the  code,  got  his  license, 
and  was  on  the  air  working 
pileups  at  20  words  per  min- 
ute within  one  month  after 
starting  from  scratch.  He 
then  proceeded  to  go  out  to 
many  exotic  places  with  a 
rig  and  give  many  people 
new  countries. 

Well,  Danny  never  quite 
made  it  around  the  world, 
but  he  did  sail  over  25,000 
miles.  His  boat  was  called 
Yasme  —  that's  a  Japanese 
word  meaning  "good  luck." 

In  1961,  the  Yasme  Foun- 
dation was  formed.  Its  main 
goal  was  the  collection  of 
money  to  keep  Danny  go- 
ing. This  worked  out  well 
until  1964,  when  Danny  met 
a  young  lady  on  one  of  his 
stops  and  they  got  married. 
They  went  out  on  a  few 
more  voyages  together  and 
almost  lost  their  lives  in 
mishaps  at  sea. 

There  were  five  yasme 
boats  from  the  beginning  of 
Danny's  odyssey  to  the  end. 
All  now  rest  on  the  ocean 
floor. 

73:  Is  Danny  Weil  still  alive? 
Lloyd:  Yes,  he's  still  alive. 
He  is  living  in  Texas  now 
and  he's  about  fifty  years  of 
age.  He  gets  on  CW  fre- 
quently, but  he  does  not 
hold  a  call  of  his  own  in  the 
US. 

73:  So,  in  1964  the  Yasme 
DXpedttion  torch  was 
passed  to  you? 
Iris:  Yes,  We  had  always 
thought  about  going  out  on 
a  DXpedition,  and  in  1964  I 
said  to  Lloyd,  "Why  don't 
we  go?"  We  contacted 
Yasme  because  we  knew  it 
was  still  active,  although  no 
one  was  out  at  the  time.  We 
asked  if  they'd  sponsor  us, 
and  they  said  yes. 

73:  What  did  Yasme  spon- 
sorship entail? 


Iris:  They  had  no  money  in 
the  Foundation  at  that  time, 
but  we  paid  our  own  way, 
anyhow,  so  it  didn't  matter. 
They  provide  a  big  service 
for  us  in  the  way  of  QSLs. 
The  donations  they  receive 
help  with  that.  They  also 
helped  with  licensing  in 
countries  where  we  had 
trouble. 

73:  So  you're  operating  as  in- 
dependent hams  under  the 
umbrella  of  the  Yasme  or- 
ganization? 

Iris:  Yes,  that  would  de- 
scribe it  well. 

73:  Are  there  other  people  in 
the  same  situation  in  Yasme 
or  are  you  two  the  only  ac- 
tive DXpeditioners? 
Lloyd:  There  have  been  oth- 
ers in  the  past.  One  of  the 
most  noteworthy  is  George 
McKercher  W0MLY.  He  is 
now  a  director  of  Yasme, 
He  made  a  Yasrne-spon- 
sored  trip  to  many  of  the 
countries  of  Africa  in  the 
60s.  There  have  been  a  cou- 
ple of  other  people  who 
have  gone  out  under  the 
sponsorship  of  Yasme,  also 
We  are  finally  approach- 
ing the  activity  of  Danny 
Weil.  He  was  out  continu- 
ously for  nine  years,  you 
know.  We  have  been  out 
actively  from  1965.  .16 
years  in  all.  We  frequently 
take  a  few  months  off  and 
go  back  to  California  for  a 
rest.  We  still  have  a 
business  there  that  we're 
connected  with. 

73: 1  see.  Is  Yasme  headquar- 
tered in  California? 
Lloyd:  It  is,  but  it  is  incor- 
porated as  a  nonprofit  cor- 
poration in  Florida. 

73:  Does  Yasme  have  an  of- 
fice and  phone,  or  is  it  just  a 
mail  drop? 

Lloyd:  Well,  for  nearly  16 
years  now  we  have  had  the 
same  PO  Box  — 2025,  Cas- 
tro Valley,  California  — 
that's  been  a  help  because 
people  always  know  that 
they  can  get  a  card  from  us 
at  that  address. 

73:  So,  no  full-time,  paid  of- 
fice staff? 
Lloyd:  No. 


Iris  Colvin, 


73:  You  must  receive  thou- 
sands of  QSLs  each  month. 
How  and  by  whom  are  they 
handled? 

Lloyd:  We  have  had  a  num- 
ber of  Yasme  people  who 
have  helped  with  the  QSLs. 
Today,  Iris  and  I  have  the 
largest  QSL  collection  in 
the  world.  I  don't  think 
there  is  anyone  else  who 
has  more  cards  than  we  do. 
All  of  them  are  arranged  in 
alphabetical  order  and 
stored  in  a  huge  metal  cabi- 
net. Our  files  number  in  ex- 
cess of  a  third  of  a  million 
cards  at  present 

73:  That's  amazing! 
Lloyd:  There  are  some  other 
amazing  statistics  about 
our  QSL  collection.  For  one, 
the  weight.  We're  a  little 
worried  about  the  structure 
of  our  home  which,  inci- 
dentally, we  built  It  was  de- 
signed to  carry  a  good  load, 
but  the  QSLs  we  have 
amassed  weigh  over  a  ton! 
Also,  putting  this  collec- 
tion in  the  state  it's  in  now 
has  taken  lots  of  work.  For 
example,  if  it  takes  a  min- 
ute and  a  half  to  answer  a 
card,  file  it,  etc.,  when  we 
receive  one,  it  would  take 
one  person  working  forty 
hours  a  week  three  years 
just  to  file  the  cards  we 
have  received  to  date, 

73:  How  do  you  confirm  a 
contact  for  a  new  country? 
Do  you  check  back  against 
the  log? 

Lloyd:  Yes,  we  do.  We  use  a 
log  system  that  Yasme  has 


used  ever  since  we've  been 
connected  with  it;  We  can 
thank  the  infamous  Mr. 
Don  Miller  W9WNV  for  de- 
signing it.  In  fact,  he  gave  us 
the  first  copy  of  the  log  we 
use.  It's  a  good  system  and 
we  have  used  it  for  as  long 
as  we've  been  operating. 

It  consists  of  a  small 
form  with  attached  carbon, 
about  five  by  seven  inches 
in  size,  Each  sheet  holds 
100  entries  and  when  a 
sheet  is  full,  we  send  the 
carbon  to  Yasme  for  filing 
and  verification. 

73:  And  the  folks  at  Yasme 

verify  the  contact  and  then 

QSL? 

Lloyd:  Yes,  and  Yasme  has 

had  over  100  people  help 

with  this  over  the  years. 

73:  Are  all  these  people  vol- 
unteers, or  are  they  paid? 
Lloyd:  They  are  all  volun- 
teers. Nobody  gets  a  cent. 
Nobody  has  ever  received 
any  money  in  the  headquar- 
ters of  Yasme,  either.  Right 
now,  we  have  one  lady  who 
is  single-handedly  answer- 
ing all  of  our  cards.  She  is 
Carolyn    Brand    WA6AKK. 

SOME  OF  THE  COLVIN  CALLS 

W0KG  (Lloyd)— W6QL  (Iris)— 

FA8JD— J2AIH— J2USA— 

DL4ZC—  KG6SV— KC6SZ— 

VR1Z— GD5ACH— ZB2AX— 

GC5ACJ— CT3AU— CT2YA— 

6W8CD— 5T5KG— ZD3I— 
9L1KG— 5L2KG-9G1KG— 
TU2CA— 5V1  KG— TY2KG— 

VR8B— 3D2KG— C21NI— 
FKBKG— YJ8KG— ZF2CI- 

W6KGAAJ3fTI5/6Y5/VP2A 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     133 


We've  just  returned  from 
four  months  of  operating 
during  which  time  we  made 
over  55,000  contacts.  This 
poor  lady  is  receiving  over 
25,000  QSLs  from  that  trip 
alone 

iris:  Lloyd,  we  should  also 
give  credit  to  W6RGC  — 
Bob  Vallio.  He  was  our  first 
secretary  and  he  did  all  of 
our  cards  in  years  gone  by. 

73:  How  did  you  folks  ac- 
quire the  DXpedithn  life- 
style, the  constant  going? 
Lloyd  We  started  our  world 
travels  while  I  was  in  the 
service.  I've  had  one  career 
in  the  military  and  a  second 
afterwards,  I  was  in  the 
Army  Signal  Corps  before 
World  War  II  I  was  a  radio 
ham  when  I  was  12  years 
old  and  have  been  one  for 
52  years  now.  Iris  became  a 
ham  as  soon  as  we  got  mar- 
ried, so  she's  been  a  ham  for 
37  years. 

Actually,  I  got  into  the 
Signal  Corps  through  ham 
radio.  In  factf  almost  every 
thing  we've  done  in  our 
lives  has  been  directly  con- 
nected with  ham  radio.  1 
guess  I  found  my  military 
life  interesting  because 
much  of  it  was  similar  to 
running  ham  stations. 

73:  And  I  imagine  you  did  a 
fair  amount  of  traveling  dur- 
ing your  military  years? 
Lloyd:  That  got  us  started 
traveling,  yes  We've  now 
been  to  142  countries,  and 
about  half  of  those  were 
visited  while  I  was  in  the 
military  service.  I  spent  23 
years  in  the  military  and 
retired  in  1961  with  the  rank 
of  Lieutenant  Colonel. 

73:  How  did  you  get  into 
DXpeditioning? 
his:  When  we  decided  to  go 
on  our  first  DXpedition,  in 
1965,  we  sold  our  house, 
closed  out  the  five  con- 
struction  contracts  we  had 
going,  advertised  for  and 
found  a  good  home  for  our 
dog,  and  then  left  Our  in- 
tention was  to  go  out  in- 
definitely 

Well,  after  three  an  a  half 
years  we  got  tired  and  went 
back  to  California  for  a  rest. 


Now  we  have  a  different 
house;  it's  a  place  we  can 
go  back  to  as  a  home  base 
and  it  even  has  a  permanent 
amateur  radio  station. 
73:  You  said  that  you  had  a 
business  in  California,  What 
type  of  business  is  it  that  al- 
lows you  to  be  away  so 
much? 

Lloyd:  Well,  when  I  left  the 
military,  we  went  immedi 
ately  into  the  construction 
business.  We  started  out 
building  homes  and  then 
went  on  to  larger  projects 
like  apartment  houses,  hos- 
pitals, and  office  buildings 
Today,  I'm  the  president  of 
Drake  Builders  of  Califor- 
nia and  Iris  is  the  vice  presi- 
dent 


ence  while  making  an  effort 
to  gain  permission  to  go. 

Back  in  the  last  days  of 
the  Nixon  administration,  I 
read  that  Secretary  of  State 
Kissinger  was  going  to  Chi- 
na. I  sat  down  and  wrote  a 
letter,  giving  him  the  full 
story  on  ham  radio,  t  told 
him  that  Iris  and  I  would 
dearly  like  to  go  to  China 
and  asked  him  to  please  do 
something  to  help  us  get  in- 
to Red  China  with  an  ama- 
teur station 

We  never  knew  for  sure 
whether  he  read  our  letter, 
but  eventually  we  got  a  let- 
ter from  a  fellow  in  the 
State  Department  saying 
that  Secretary  Kissinger  had 
directed  him  to  respond  to 


"Almost  everything  we've  done  in  our 
lives  has  been  directly  connected  with 
ham  radio/9 


73:  I  see.  Since  you're  away 
so  much,  /  imagine  you 
must  have  a  reliable  man- 
ager working  for  you. 
iris  We're  no  longer  in  the 
construction  business.  To- 
day we  own  several  apart- 
ment buildings  which  re- 
quire occasional  looking  af- 
ter but  not  daily  attention, 
My  daughter  and  her  hus- 
band look  after  the  day-to- 
day  cares  of  the  business.  In 
fact,  she's  a  ham,  or  was, 
Her  call  was  W4ZEW,  but  it 
has  expired.  It  hasn't  been 
reissued  though,  so  maybe 
she  could  get  it  back 

73:  Ham  radio  seems  like  the 
ideal  way  for  her  to  keep  in 
touch  with  you  when  you 
are  in  hard-to-reach  places, 
places,  say.  .  .like  China.  I 
assume  you  folks  are  inter- 
ested in  China? 
Iris:  Yes.  We've  been  work- 
ing on  it,  but  we  don't  know 
how  to  break  the  permis- 
sion barrier, 

73:    Have    you    personally 
made  any  overtures  to  the 
Chinese  government? 
Lloyd:  Yes.  In  fact  we  had  a 
rather    interesting    experi- 


us  He  provided  us  with  the 
names  and  addresses  of  the 
four  Chinese  that  they 
thought  were  most  likely  to 
be  in  a  position  to  help  us 

We  wrote  to  these  four 
people  and  after  many 
months  received  an  answer 
from  one  of  them,  It  was  a 
very  short  letter,  written  in 
Chinese,  about  a  third  of  a 
page  long. 

Not  being  able  to  read 
Chinese,  we  assumed  that  it 
said  no,  simply  because  of 
its  length.  We  took  it  to  an 
interpreter  and,  after  it  was 
translated,  the  third  of  a 
page  became  two  full 
pages.  One  Chinese  charac- 
ter can  have  the  same 
meaning  as  a  full  English 
sentence. 

It  was  a  rather  interesting 
answer,  and  it  went  some- 
thing like  this  It  said  that 
our  letter  had  been  re- 
ceived, and  they  wished  to 
tell  us  that  when  our  coun- 
try saw  fit  to  fulfill  all  the 
promises  made  by  Presi- 
dent Nixon  on  his  recent 
trip  to  China,  it  was  possible 
that  favorable  action  would 
be  taken  on  our  request  to 
operate 


73:  We  know  what  hap- 
pened to  Mr.  Nixon  after 
that  How  do  you  assess  the 
political  situation  there  to- 
day? Do  you  sense  an  easing 
of  tensions? 

Lloyd:  Right  now,  the  Chi- 
nese are  operating  low- 
powered  transmitters  in  the 
80-meter  band,  so  they 
know  what  ham  radio  is 
Though  they  are  not  permit- 
ted to  contact  the  outside 
world  yet,  it  is  my  opinion 
that  the  day  is  coming. 

73:  Do  we  need  some  ping- 
pong  diplomacy  in  ham 
radio? 

Lloyd:  Yes.  I  think  a  group 
of  hams  going  over  there 
the  way  the  ping-pong  peo- 
ple did  could  make  great 
strides  rn  furthering  the  am- 
ateur cause 

Irk:  The  Chinese  don't  seem 
to  want  their  people  to  con- 
tact the  outside  world 
That's  the  stumbling  block. 
If  there  were  some  way  we 
could  overcome  that  we 
might  get  somewhere,  Right 
now,  they  are  just  afraid  to 
have  their  people  have  any 
contact  with  the  rest  of  the 
world. 

73:  In  all  such  matters  I 
imagine  you've  got  to  be 
part  politician  to  make  any 
progress.  You  both  must  be 
quite  adept  at  working  your 
way  through  bureaucracies 
after  all  your  dealings  with 
foreign  governments. 
Iris:  That's  one  thing  that 
you've  got  to  do.  I  remem- 
ber an  instance  in  Africa 
back  in  1971  when  many  of 
the  countries  were  being 
formed  I  n  one  place  we  vis* 
ited,  we  felt  that  they  were 
willing  to  let  us  operate  but 
we  sensed  that  there  was 
another  problem. 

They  simply  didn't  know 
how  to  go  about  granting  an 
amateur  license.  They  had 
never  had  to  do  it  before, 
having  had  no  amateur  ser- 
vice of  their  own.  They 
didn't  even  know  what  a 
ham  license  should  look 
like. 

We  told  them  that  we 
had    licenses    from    many 


134     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


other  countries  that  we'd 
be  happy  to  let  them  in- 
spect  We  did  so,  and  the 
next  day  were  granted  a  li- 
cense that  looked  much 
like  some  of  the  ones  we 
had  left  with  them. 
Lloyd:  We  sensed  that  they 
didn't  know  how  to  issue  a 
ham  license  but  we 
couldn't  just  say,  "Hey, 
don't  you  guys  even  know 
how  to  issue  an  amateur  [h 
cense?"  Instead,  we  said, 
"Why  don't  we  leave  these 
other  licenses  with  you 
overnight?"  When  we  final- 
ly got  our  license  we  saw 
that  they  had  copied  al- 
most word  for  word  from 
our  other  licenses.  Diplo- 
matically speaking,  we 
came  in  the  back  door 

73:  It's  hard  to  envision  a 
country  without  an  amateur 
service,  but  I  suppose  they 
exist  don't  they? 
Iris:  They  do,  and  it's  a  prob- 
lem for  them  to  issue  li- 
censes to  people  like  us, 

73:  I'm  curious  about  the 
scenario  of  a  Colvin  DXpe- 
diiion.  What  happens  when 
you  arrive  at  a  new  place? 

Do  you  have  a  tech  crew 
that  gets  everything  up  and 
running  for  you? 
Iris:  Sometimes  yes,  some- 
times no.  One  of  the  things 
that  we  do  differently  than 
some  smaller  operations  is 
that  we  take  a  full  kilowatt 
station  and  a  directional  an- 
tenna along  wherever  we 
go  We  take  a  three-ele- 
ment beam,  a  rotator,  a  lin- 
ear, and  a  transceiver.  The 
whole  package  weighs 
about  400  pounds 

It's  been  a  lot  of  trouble 
to  carry  around,  and  a  big 
expense,  too.  But,  as  a  re- 
sult, wherever  we  have 
gone  we  have  put  out  a  very 
good  signal  and  given  any- 
body who  wants  to  work  us 
the  opportunity.  That's  our 
criterion  of  operation  and 
that's  what  we've  been 
doing, 

73;  Do  you  ship  all  this  gear 

ahead  or  do  you  travel  with 

it? 

Lloyd:  We  have  tried  many 

different  ways  of  doing  it. 


When  we  can,  we  ship  it 
ahead,  but  that  isn't  always 
possible.  When  we  put  the 
new  country  of  Tuvalu  Is- 
land on  the  air  under  the 
call  of  VR8B,  we  shipped 
the  gear  ahead  and,  fortun- 
ately, it  was  there  when  we 
arrived. 

Iris.  We  prefer  to  take  the 
gear  with  us  instead  of  ship- 
ping it;  that's  the  ideal  way. 
On  the  other  hand,  if  you 
don't  have  a  license  when 
you  go  in,  you  may  have  a 
problem  getting  it  through 
customs. 

Lloyd:  In  that  connection, 
we  have  changed  some  of 
our  ways  of  carrying  gear. 
During  the  first  ten  years  of 
our  operation,   we   always 


great  big  radios  around  with 
music  blaring.  In  the  streets 
of  San  Francisco  these  days, 
there  are  so  many  that  they 
interfere  with  each  other 
As  a  result,  we  have  had 
very  little  trouble  carrying 
our  transceiver  around.  Ev- 
eryone assumes  it's  a  radio. 
73:  Speaking  of  equipment, 
what  type  of  gear  are  you  us- 
ing? 

Lloyd:  We  use  an  old  Heath 
5B-230  linear  that  weighs  30 
pounds.  With  all  the  ad- 
vanced technology  we  have 
today,  we  still  can't  find 
anything  that  will  run  a  kilo* 
watt  and  weighs  30  pounds. 
When  we  started,  years 
ago,  we  were  using  a  Col- 
lins.  Later  we  switched  to 


"We've  been  forced  info  being  the  good 
guys  by  Don  Miller." 


carried  it  in  the  manufac- 
turer's packing  materi- 
al—bulky boxes,  Styro- 
foam®    packing,  etc. 

About  two  years  ago,  we 
found  a  better  way  to  move 
the  main  part  of  our  station. 
Now,  I  take  the  transceiver 
aboard  the  plane  as  carry- 
on  baggage.  I  don't  wrap  it 
up  at  all,  so  everyone  can 
see  what  it  is.  Iris  does  the 
same  with  the  linear. 

There  are  some  real  ad- 
vantages to  this.  First,  no- 
body can  ever  accuse  us  of 
sneaking  anything  into  a 
country  because  the  gear  is 
right  out  where  everyone 
can  see  it.  Second,  all  the 
large,  bulky  packing  materi- 
al is  eliminated.  And  most 
important  of  all,  the  gear 
doesn't  get  lost.  Our  per- 
sonal bags  and  clothes  may, 
but  even  if  they  do,  we  still 
have  the  ham  station  and, 
to  me,  that's  most  impor- 
tant. You  can  operate  in 
your  underwear,  but  you 
can't  operate  without  the 

rig! 

Iris:    The    hippies    have 
helped  us  out  in  this  regard. 
73:  The  hippies? 
Iris:  Yes    It's  the  "in  thing" 
today  to  carry  one  of  those 


Kenwood,  and  today  we  are 
using  a  Yaesu  All  these  rigs 
worked  very  well  for  us,  es- 
pecially when  you  consider 
that  we  have  had  some- 
thing in  the  neighborhood 
of  400,000  QSOs,  all  with 
very  little  technical  trouble. 
We  really  take  our  hats  off 
to  the  manufacturers. 
73:  Lately,  many  DXpedi- 
tioners  seem  to  be  having  a 
large  number  of  power-line^ 
related  problems.  On  your 
trips,  do  you  take  any  pre- 
cautions to  limit  power-line 
variations? 

Lloyd:  No.  In  fact,  we're  as- 
tounded at  how  well  the 
equipment  we've  used  has 
held  up  under  considerable 
variations  of  input  power. 

On  our  very  first  trip,  we 
took  a  Variac  with  us.  Soon 
thereafter,  we  eliminated  it 
because  we  found  that  the 
commercial  equipment  we 
were  using  worked  well 
with  a  variation  of  input 
voltages  in  excess  of  1 5  per- 
cent. We  don't  carry  a  Vari- 
ac with  us  now  or  take  any 
special  measures  to  protect 
the  rigs, 

Everywhere  we  go  we  are 
looking  for  new,  lightweight 
equipment  — anything    to 


improve  our  ability  to  carry 
a  station  with  us.  Some  of 
the  advances  have  not  been 
as  great  as  we'd  have  liked. 
For  example,  we  are  still 
using  the  same  antenna 
that  we  carried  with  us  15 
years  ago  because  we  can't 
find  one  that  is  smaller  or 
better  When  an  antenna 
comes  along  that  is  lighter 
and  better  than  the  Hy* 
Gain  TH-3,  we'll  buy  it  im- 
mediately! 

73:  I've  always  been  mysti- 
fied by  the  DXpedition  that 
goes  to  an  exotic  place, 
whose  members  then  lock 
themselves  in  a  room  with  a 
rig  for  a  week.  They  see  very 
little,  if  anything,  of  the 
country.  When  you  are  on  a 
DXpedition,  do  you  get 
around  the  country  and 
meet  the  people? 
Iris:  We  sure  do.  That's  the 
reason  that  we  usually  try 
to  stay  at  least  a  month  in  a 
place.  It  gives  us  an  oppor- 
tunity to  rent  a  house  or 
apartment  and  get  out  and 
around.  We  more  or  less 
live  with  the  people  wher- 
ever we  go. 

We  do  like  to  contact  as 
many  people  as  possible 
and,  in  a  month's  time,  most 
of  those  who  wish  to,  con- 
tact us.  We  still  have  time 
for  sightseeing,  though, 
even  when  we  operate  12 
hours  a  day. 

Lloyd:  And,  when  we've  left 
a  country,  our  memories 
are  of  the  people  we've  met 
there,  not  of  the  actual  on- 
the-air  operation.  When  we 
look  back  on  it  afterwards, 
it's  the  people  we've  met 
that  seem  to  be  the  out- 
standing thing  about  the 
visit. 

73:  You  two  have  been  re- 
ferred to  as  the  premier  am- 
bassadors of  amateur  radio, 
How  do  you  feel  about  that? 
Lloyd:  Well,  we  have  been 
forced  into  being  the  good 
guys  by  Don  Miller.  When 
he  was  out  he  frequently 
ran  into  trouble  with  both 
the  local  authorities  and  his 
fellow  hams.  He  was  occa- 
sionally not  licensed  for,  or 
even   located   in,   some  of 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     135 


There  has 
never  been 

a  better 

time  to 
subscribe 
to  73. 


[Iw®^ 


Seepage  147 


the  places  he  claimed  to 
operate  from. 

We  once  spent  two  and  a 
half  months  in  a  rare  coun- 
try, with  our  gear,  and 
couldn't  get  a  license.  In 
spite  of  that,  we  never  fell 
for  the  temptation  of  get- 
ting on  the  air  illegally. 
We've  always  had  legiti- 
mate licenses  on  all  our 
trips  We  also  have  made  it 
a  special  point  not  to  com- 
mit any  type  of  minor  crime 
in  any  country  we  visit, 
such  as  operating  without 
proper  permission  or  not 
paying  all  our  bills, 

73:  I  imagine  its  hard  to 
keep  up  with  all  the  differ- 
ent rules  of  these  countries 
with  regard  to  frequencies 
available. 

Lloyd:  Its  not  so  much 
keeping  up  but  rather  deal- 
ing  with  the  annoyance  of 
being  in  a  country  where 
you  can't  operate  on  a  fre- 
quency that  you  did  the 
previous  month  in  another 
country.  For  instance,  there 


are  some  countries  now 
that  allow  their  amateurs 
only  a  100-kHz  segment  of 
80  meters.  During  our  oper- 
ations, it  is  a  great  tempta- 
tion to  try  to  go  where  the 
Americans  are  operating  on 
80  meters,  but  often  we  are 
unable  to  do  this  — and  we 
don't 

73:    Strictly   by    the    rules 

then? 

Lloyd  Only  where  the  local 

government    says    you're 

supposed  to  operate,  yes 

73:  I'd  like  to  hear  your 
views  on  the  bogus  DX  QSL 
card  incident  Dave  Gard- 
ner's claim  that  the  scam 
was  merely  an  effort  to  dem- 
onstrate to  the  ARRL  the 
shortcomings  of  its  own 
DXCC  program  met  with  lit- 
tie  sympathy  in  most  circles. 
Lloyd:  I  have  no  sympathy 
for  him,  I'll  tell  you  that 
73:  Were  you  at  the  1980 
Fresno  DX  Convention 
where  the  plot  was  suppos- 
edly hatched  in  a  secret 
meeting? 


Lloyd  I  was  at  the  Fresno 
convention,  but  I  heard 
nothing  about  a  secret 
meeting,  much  less  bogus 
QSL  operation.  If  I  had,  I'd 
have  probably  gone  to  the 
League  myself.  What  Dr 
Dave  Gardner  did  was  just 
plain  cheating,  and  you  can 
quote  me  on  that 
73:  In  a  statement  to  HR  Re- 
port.  Gardner  implied  that  a 
large  number  of  DXers  and 
DXpeditioners  were  in- 
volved. Do  you  think  this  is 
the  case? 

Lloyd:  I  doubt  it.  I  think  thi^ 
was  his  idea  and  his  opera- 
tion The  sad  thing  is  that  as 
a  result  of  all  of  this,  people 
are  going  to  lose  faith  in  DX- 
ing  and  also  in  amateur  ra- 
dio. The  impact  of  this  will 
be  terrible  for  amateur  ra- 
dio. 

73:  How  do  you  feel  about 
the  no-code  license? 
Lloyd  We  are  not  in  favor 
of  it,  It  seems  to  me  that  we 
must   not   lower  the  stan- 
dards of  amateur  radio  to 
those  of  CB  We  have  a  lit- 
tle something  special  with 
the    code    requirement 
Though  many  say  CW  is  a 
thing  of  the  past  and  we 
don't  need  it,  it  never  seems 
to  disappear  completely. 
73:  Do  you  feel  that  in  this 
era  of  liberalization  it  is  dif- 
ficult to  maintain  standards 
in  amateur  radio? 
Lloyd:   To  a  degree.   How- 
ever, I  don't  go  along  with 
those  who  say  that  the  con- 


the  band  It's  simply  not 
true  to  say  that  things  are 
worse  today  than  in  the  old 
days. 

As  far  as  politeness  goes, 
we  are  in  no  worse  shape  to- 
day than  we  were  in  1929 
When  I  first  became  a  radio 

amateur,  we  had  35rOOO 
hams  in  this  country  — 
that's  all  We  have  ten 
times  that  number  today, 
and  while  there  are  more 
troublemakers  around,  the 
ratio  is  just  about  the  same 
as  it  was  in  1929  I  don't 
really  think  that  conditions 
today  are  any  worse  than 
when  1  started. 

73:  Iris,  I  read  an  interesting 
statistic  recently  in  QST. 
They  conducted  a  survey  oi 
amateurs  and  found  that  the 
number  of  women  becom- 
ing involved  in  ham  radio  is 
on  the  increase.  Any  com- 
ment on  that? 

Iris:  Oh,  I  think  that  is  defi- 
nitely true  I  also  think  that 
women  are  becoming  bet- 
ter operators,  too,  I  usually 
try  to  contact  the  YLs,  and 
I've  noticed  recently  that 
the  YLs  are  much  more  self- 
confident  in  pileups.  They 
talk  slowly,  seem  more 
poised,  and  in  general  are 
capable  of  making  contacts 
in  good  style. 

73:  How  about  plans  for  the 
future.'  Other   than    China, 
are    the    Colvins    planning 
anything  exciting? 
Lloyd:   We   laughingly   tell 


"We  must  not  lower  the  standards  of 
amateur  radio." 


ditions  on  the  bands  today 
are  worse  than  in  years 
gone  by.  As  I  look  back  at 
my  early  days  in  the  hobby, 
and  I  started  in  1929,  I'd 
have  to  say  that  it  was  just 
as  bad  or  worse  back  then 
People  have  just  forgotten. 
In1929,  when  two  people 
in  the  same  city  got  on  the 
air  they  QRMed  each  other 
so  badly  that  neither  could 
hear  anything,  even  if  they 
were  on  opposite  ends  of 


everyone  we  meet  that  we 
hope  to  operate  from  every 
country  in  the  world  We 
know  this  is  an  impossibili- 
ty, but  it  is  a  goal  that  we 
can  keep  in  front  of  us  — 
something  to  make  life  and 
ham  radio  more  exciting. 

73:  So,  as  you  look  down 
the  road,  you  see  more  of 
the  same:  the  travel,  the  DX 
operations,  the  going? 
Lloyd.  That's  right  yes.B 


136     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Antonio  C.  O.  Celineau  W1HHF 
142  Home  Avenue 
Burlington  VT  05401 


Ringo  Ranger  Redux 

add  those  radials  for  better 

performance 


After  reading  the  very 
excellent  article  by 
Robert  Clorioso  W1IS  in 
the  May  issue  of  73,  and 
having  a  Ringo  Ranger,  my 
interest  was  stimulated  to 
experiment  with  adding 
ground-plane  radials. 

I  cut  six  pieces  of  alumi- 
num wire  to  lengths  of  20 
inches  (50.8  cm),  As  an  aid 


to  spacing  them  around  the 
base  mounting  of  the  anten- 
na equally,  I  placed  a  strip 
of  1"  masking  tape  around 
the  base,  brought  the  ends 
together,  and  marked  them 
as  shown  in  Fig.  1(a). 

Using  a  marking  pencil,  I 
made  a  line  to  indicate 
where  one  radial  was  to  be 
placed.  Removing  the  tape, 


I  then  made  lines  equally 
subdividing  the  distance 
between  the  two  original 
marks  — see  Fig.  1(b).  The 
marked  tape  was  then 
placed  on  the  base  mount 
of  the  antenna  as  shown  in 
Photo  A, 

Next,  I  placed  a  2"  hose 
clamp  above  the  marked 
tape,  but  did  not  tighten  it.  1 
slid  the  aluminum  rods 
under  it  one  by  one  at  the 
marks,    holding    each    in 


place  with  a  piece  of  mask- 
ing tape.  When  all  six  rods 
were  in  place  and  aligned,  I 
secured  them  by  tightening 
the  hose  clamp,  as  shown  in 
Photo  B. 

Using  the  handle  of  an 
adjustable  square  which 
had  a  designed  angle  of 
45°,  I  bent  each  rod  to  a  45° 
angle  as  shown  in  Photo  C 

My  findings  on  adding  ra- 
dials to  the  Ringo  Ranger 
were  the  same  as  those  of 
W1  IS.  There  is  an  improve- 
ment in  received  signals 
from  repeaters  and  consid- 
erable improvement  when 
working  simplex.  ■ 


COUNT  AS  ONE 


^V 


MASKfNG  TAPE 


(*} 


__!_ 


4 


1 


r*> 


Photo  A 


Fig.  1. 


Photo  a 


Photo  C 
73  Magazine  *  OctobeM981     137 


FUN! 


John  Edwards  K12U 
78-56  86th  Street 
Gfendale  NY  11385 


23}  Guatemala  prefix 
24)  Twice-worked  stations 
26)  Soviet  satellite  (abbr) 
28)  Between  nations 
30)  Home  power  type 
31}  HF  wavelength  (abbr.) 
32)  November  contest 


Down 

2}  The  non-initiated 

3)  Infinitesimal 

4)  Identification  (abbr.) 

5)  Electromagnetic  communi- 
cation 

6}  System  of  communication 


7)  Informal  contests  (2  words) 

8)  A  Soviet  prefix 

9)  Summer  contest 
13)  CW  chuckle 

15}  Gone  to  ruin 
16}  Mr,  Last  Place 
18}  Bolivia  prefix 

19)  ARRL  contest 

20)  CQ  contest  (abbr.) 
22)  Repeat  (abbr.) 

24)  To  fall  in  standing 
25}  Contesters  can't  wait  to  hit 
this  at  end 

27) up  first  place 

29)  Two  winners 
31)32  across  (abbr) 


CONTESTING 

Ahhh,  the  weekend.  Two  sottd  days  to  ignore  work  and  tune  the 
airwaves.  What?  The  XYL  has  chores?  Too  bad.  Today's  the  day  to 
have  some  long  anticipated  rag-chews,  Anyway,  it  looks  Ifke  rain. 

But  one  flick  of  the  power  switch  finishes  all  those  pleasant 
thoughts.  No  rag-chews  today— it's  another  contest  weekend!  A 
spectrum  full  of  anxious  amateurs,  eager  to  give  anything  that  talks 
a  59  signal  report. 

Not  since  the  incentive  licensing  debacle  have  feelings  run  so 
high,  Contesting  is  one  of  those  searing  issues  that  immediately 
crystalizes  amateur  radio  into  two  opposing  camps.  The  only  middle 
ground  is  here,  in  FUN!,  where  both  lovers  and  haters  can  prove  their 
contesting  knowledge. 


ELEMENT  2-TRUEFALSE 


ELEMENT  1— CROSSWORD  PUZZLE 
(Illustration  1) 

Across 


1)  Contest  bonuses 
7)  Unhardy  contester 

10)  1970s  US.  prefix 

11)  Popular  contest  starting  day 

12)  Pacific  prefix 


14)  Popular  antenna 

17)  Night  (abbr.) 

18)  Civil  defense  (abbr.) 

20)  Call-oriented  test  {2  words) 

21)  Preliminary  result: score 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

1^1 

^^■20 

21 

22 

23 

n* 

25 

26 

27 

26 

29 

30 

I31 

32 

■ 

Illustration  1. 


1)  It's  quite  legal  for  contest  organizers  to  of- 
fer prizes. 

2)  A  Novice  won  the  1954  ARRL  CW  Sweep- 
stakes. 

3)  Most  contest  organizations  disqualify  en- 
trants submitting  logs  with  errors  totaling 
more  than  2%. 

4)  The  North  American  Sprint  is  sponsored  by 
the  National  Contest  Joumaf. 

5)  It's  possible  to  enter  many  contest?  without 
even  transmitting. 

6)  The  March,  1921,  QST  suggested  a  CQ  par- 
ty. On  April  1,  according  to  a  specific 
schedule,  all  amateurs  in  a  given  call 
district  would  send  CQ. 

7)  The  first  ARRL  Sweepstakes  was  held  in 
January,  1930. 

B)  The  winning  operator  in  the  first 
Sweepstakes  worked  153  stations  in  43  sec- 
tions. 

9)  The  first  Field  Day  took  place  in  Januaryt 

1933. 
10}  The  first  winning  Field  Day  station  had  six 
operators  and  accumulated  a  grand  total  of 
60  contacts. 

11)  The  Radio  Society  of  Great  Britain  and  the 
ARRL  once  cosponsored  a  contest. 

12)  The  1952  Novice  Roundup  had  100% 
greater  participation  than  the  previous  year. 

13)  In  November,  1931,  the  ARRL  sponsored  a 
"Crossband  Get-Acquainted  Party"  to  "pro- 
mote fraternal  ism  and  versatility"  between 
40-  and  80-rneter  operators. 

14)  From  1942  through  1945,  U.S.  hams  were 
forbidden  to  have  contest  QSOs  with  Ger- 
man and  Japanese  stations. 

15}  The  1977  Novice  Roundup  was  the  first  to 
include  Technicians. 

16)  The  ARRL,  CQ  Magazine,  and  73  Magazine 
have  all  sponsored  160-meter  contests. 

17)  The  ARRL  "Copying  Bee*1  was  a  receiving 
contest  that  specialized  in  tricky  text  and 
code  combinations. 

18)  The  VHF  Marathon  was  a  1946  contest  that 
lasted  eight  months. 

19)  The  Southpaw  Fist  Contest  is  devoted  en- 
tirely to  left-handed  brasspounders. 

20)  The  NBVM  Sweepstakes  is  a  contest  for 
narrow-band  voice  modulation  devotees. 


True        False 


138     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


ELEMENT  3— SCRAMBLED  WORDS 

Unscramble  these  words  associated  with  contest  operating, 
foceef  olg  mutrecop 

cocik  phrocmenoi  eyerk 

linpce  peadenohsh  tatfons 

neatnan 

ELEMENT  4—  MATCHING 

Match  the  contests  listed  below  with  the  month  In  which  they  take 

place. 


Column  A 

1)  Field  Day 

2)  IARU  Radiosport 

3)  CQ  WPX  (Phone) 

4)  ARRL  Novice  Roundup 

5)  CQ  Worldwide  (CW) 

6)  CAN-AM  Contest  (CW) 

7)  ARRL  VHF  Sweepstakes 

8)  Straight  Key  Night 

9)  CO  Worldwide  (Phone) 

10)  County  Hunters SSB  Contest 


Column  B 

A)  January 

B)  February 

C)  March 

D)  April 

E)  May 

F)  June 

G)  July 

H)  September 
I)    October 
J)  November 
K)  December 


SCORING 

Element  1: 

Twenty  points  for  the  completed  puzzle,  or  1/2  point  for  each  ques- 
tion correctly  answered. 

Element  2: 

One  point  for  each  correct  answer 

Element  3: 

Two  points  for  each  word  unscrambled. 

Element  4: 

Two  points  for  each  contest  matched  to  Its  correct  month. 

Eiem&nt  5: 

Twenty  points  for  the  completed  puzzle*  or  one  point  for  each  word. 

How  did  you  do  in  this  contest? 
1*20        points — "Why  is  the  League  wasting  my  dues  on  these 
contests?" 
21-40        points— 'Contests?  I  can  take  'em  or  leave  'em/' 
41*60       points— Third  place— Manitoba  QSO  Party. 
61-80        points— "Mr.  Clean  Sweep," 

81-100+  points — They  won't  let  you  enter  any  more  contests— 
you're  too  good. 


ELEMENTS— HAMAZE 

Here's  a  new  type  of  maze  geared  specifically  to  hams.  The  object 
is  to  start  at  the  circle  and  trace  your  way  to  the  square  by  filling  in 
the  answers  to  the  clues  given  below,  To  help  you  on  the  way,  we've 
already  given  you  the  first  and  last  clue  answers.  All  words  read 
either  vertically  downward  or  from  left  to  right.  Each  new  word  is  on 
a  perpendicular  angle  to  the  previous  word.  Words  join  on  a  common 
letter.  Good  tuck. 


1)  Contest  records  (given) 

2)  Sometime  domestic   multi- 
pliers 

3)  Specialized  mode 

4)  West    coast   contesters 
(abbr.) 

5)  Station  timepiece 

6)  Automatic  key 

7)  Station's  heart 

8)  To  make  advances 

9)  Novice  contested  speed 

10)  European  award  (abbr.) 

11)  Contest  QSO 


12)  Top  ticket 

13)  Topside  metal 

14)  Beam  reckoning 

15)  Total 

16)  Ham  letter  words 

17)  DX  encounter 

18)  Contest  sleep 

19)  What  you're  reading 

20)  Output  (abbr.) 
21)QSOs minute 

22)  Postscript  (abbr.) 

23)  Sources  of  assertion  (abbr.) 
(given) 


p— I II 1 1 

i * 

LOGS 

C  L  A   I   MSB    I    I 

^^■^^H 

I-h 

FUN!  MAILBOX 

I  think  Dave  Mann's  shot  at  you  in  the  July  "Leaky  Lines"  was  un- 
called for.  To  mef  your  column  will  always  have  taste. 

Jonathan  Bird  KA0BYW 
Hopkins  MN 

As  my  nephew,  Paul  David  Mann  (no  kidding)  always  says:  "With  a 
tittle  MSG,  iftt  even  taste  better"— J.E* 


THE  ANSWERS 

Element  7: 

See  illustration  1A> 

Element  2: 
1  — False  Not  in  the  United  States.  Actually,  small  prizes  such  as 
plaques  and  cups  are  okay,  but  the  FCC  tends  to  frown  on 
anything  more  substantial. 


M 

U 

L  T 

1    P  L 

l|E  R  SB 

Al 

o^HdHaHc 

Q 

u 

1   T 

T  E!R|W,D|0 

S 

A 

TgAgA 

hB  iBd 

oB 

yHHd 

TP  O  L  E 

p 

M 

■c. 

Dp  1 

lolol 

AP 

W  Pj 

X  C|0 

N  T  E  S  T 

R 

[A 

w^s 

BI^BEB 

T 

G 

D  U  P 

E  S|R  S 

1 

E 
S 

N 

1  ■ 

rHoBa  CHE 

o|r|c|sw 

W 

E  E 

PST 

A  K  E  SB 

illustration  fA. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     139 


2—  False  But  it  would  have  been  something. 

3— True  Be  careful 

A — True  Great  contest  and  a  great  group. 

5— True  Sure.  Haven't  you  ever  heard  of  SWLs? 

6— True  We  think  it  was  meant  as  a  joke. 

7— True  It  was  designed  as  an  exercise  in  traffic  handling; 

8 — True  Today,  even  I  do  better  than  that. 

9— False  No,  June,  1933.  January's  too  nippy. 
10— True  Portable  work  was  tough  in  those  days. 
11 — True  In  1934T  a  1f>meter  contest. 
12— True  Since  1952  was  the  Roundup's  first  year. . . 
13— True  Could  we  make  that  up? 
14— True  And  because  of  World  War  II,  anyone  else,  too. 
15 — True  Techs  got  their  low-band  privileges  the  summer  before. 
16— True  And  W1BB  has  worked  them  all. 
17— True  Fifty  years  ago— sounds  like  fun. 
18— True  I  wonder  when  they  slept? 
19—  False  Gee.  I  could  enter  that  one. 
20— False  It  would  have  to  be  an  ARRL  contest. 

Element  3: 

(Reading  from  left  to  right)  coffee,  log,  computer;  clock,  microphone, 

keyer;  pencil,  headphones,  station;  antenna. 

Element  4: 

1_F,  2— G,  3— C,  4— B,  5— J,  6-H,  7— At  8— K,  9—1  10— E 

Element  5; 

See  Illustration  2A. 


IS  L  OWSICIAN 

I  |   c^^B  ^B 

mi     i  i  rn 

C1 
C 

c 

■ 

1 

LIOICIKI 

r  io  ^j~^h 

B 

o 

l|o[g  s^^B  I  I  I 

R   1 

|G|    1 

1 

W 

A 

E 

■M^flP^E  RI^M 

■■1 

[II 

lNHi 

ISILIO 

D 

ra   iqi      h    SI 

■ 

■■■■■■■■a 

I    I    I    | PI  I   LIEIU  P 

-^■oBH 

|e 

XlCTHlAjNTG 

N         I 

r* 

■ 

is  : 

■  R 

■ 

^^^■l       ANITENINA 

ll 

R    D 

UM 

1 

P 

Illustration  2A, 


AWARDS 


Bill  Gosney  KE7C 
hAicro-BO,  Inc. 
2665  North  Busby  Road 
Oak  Harbor  WA  98277 

WORLDWIDE 
AWARDS  DIRECTORY 

Award  hunting  may  have  be* 
come  the  most  favorite  pastime 
of  radio  amateurs,  and  the  need 
for  a  consolidated  source  of  in- 
formation is  apparent.  To  date,  I 
know  of  three  major  sources  In 
which  such  information  is  avail- 


able. 

The  Worldwide  Awards  Dlrec* 
toryf  Volume  1T  is  now  available. 
It  lists  over  100  awards,  and 
more  wilt  be  featured  in  consec- 
utive volumes  to  be  published  at 
later  dates.  Its  cost,  $9,95, 
should  be  sent  to  its  publisher, 
KB0ZP,  at  736— 39th  Street, 
West  Des  Moines  IA  50265. 

INTERNATIONAL  DIRECTORY 
OF  AWARDS 

This  manual  features  various 


award  programs  throughout  the 
world,  and  segments  its  con- 
tents by  continents  of  the  world. 
Updates  to  the  manual  will  be 
issued  in  the  form  of  a  newslet- 
ter and  may  be  inserted  within 
the  manual.  The  basic  directory 
is  $8.00  or  32  IRCs  while  the 
newsletters  (published  twice  an- 
nually) will  be  $4.00  per  year.  For 
additional  information,  contact 
the  directory's  publisher,  Vance 
LePierre  W5IJUt  2618  McGregor 
Blvd.,  Fernandina  Beach  FL 
32034. 

THE  DX  AWARDS  GUIDE 

The  third  and  probably  the 
most  complete  source  of  infor- 
mation is  a  series  of  volumes 
made  available  by  Chuck  Ellis  of 


Ames,  Iowa.  This  directory  not 
only  details  each  award  pro- 
gram in  detail  but  also  provides 
a  very  fine  facsimile  of  the 
award  applications.  I've  utilized 
its  contents  numerous  times 
while  filing  for  various  parch- 
ments and  believe  me,  the  work 
that  Chuck  put  in  his  publication 
has  cut  processing  time  dramat- 
ically. I  am  positive  that  the 
various  award  sponsors,  as  well, 
are  appreciative  of  the  effort  of 
providing  a  uniform  application. 
There  is  nothing  more  cumber- 
some than  trying  to  sort  through 
various  application  formats  all 
submitted  for  the  same  award. 

The  DX  Awards  Guide  is  fea- 
tured in  great  detail  on  page  128 
of  the  July,  1981,  edition  of  this 


Jntr  minimal 

Crrtifiratr  Hunters'  Club 

GBS  "ftftspm  3io,  IV  "— 

Of tlATfHG  ACHltVlMiHT  AWARD 

tXGrh 


^%^^^^^^90 


140     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


magazine, 

ISLAND  DX  AWARD 

Of  all  the  DX  awards  being  ot- 
tered these  days,  one  of  the 
newest  and  fastest-growing 
awards  programs  is  that  of  the 
Island  DX  Award:  Sponsored  by 
the  Whidbey  Island  DX  Club, 
available  to  licensed  amateurs 
and  shortwave  listening  sta- 
tions worldwide,  awards  are 
issued  for  2  x  SSB,  2  x  CW+  2 
X  RTTY,  and  2  x  SSTV,  as  well 
as  mixed  and  single-band  ac- 
compfishments. 

Fifty  (50)  IDX  islands  as  they 
appear  in  the  IDX  Island  listing 
are  required  for  the  basic  award. 
Recognition  is  given  for  con- 
tacts made  in  increments  of  50 
islands,  up  to  and  including  the 
maximum  number  of  islands 
possible.  All  DXCC  countries 
which  are  bona-fide  "islands1' 
are  the  only  qualifying  contacts. 
See  the  IDX  listing  in  this  col- 
umn. 

To  apply  for  the  IDX  Award, 
prepare  a  list  of  contacts  in 
prefix  order.  Include  the  call  of 
the  station  worked,  IDX  island 
name,  band,  mode,  date,  and 
GMT.  Please  number  your  con- 
tacts 1  through  50,  etc.  Do  not 
send  QSL  cards!  Have  your  list 
of  islands  verified  by  at  least 
two  amateurs  or  a  local  radio 
club  official.  Confirmation  of 
each  contact  must  be  in  the  ap- 
plicant's possession  and  con- 
firmed by  verifying  signatures. 

Send  your  verified  list  of  con- 
tacts with  $4,00  (US  funds  only) 
and  a  large  self-addressed, 
stamped  envelope  {dVz"  x  9") 
to  the  following  address.  (For- 
eign stations  may  substitute  the 
fee  by  enclosing  twelve  IRCs.) 
Whidbey  Island  DX  Club,  2665 
North  Busby  Road,  Oak  Harbor 
WA  98277.  Rules  governing  this 
awards  program  are  reviewed 
annually  in  September.  Please 
enclose  an  SASE  with  any  in- 
quiries regarding  the  IDX 
Awards  program. 

THE  CERTIFICATE 
HUNTERS  CLUB 

Thanks  to  Scott  Douglas 
KB7SB,  who  is  the  Western 
States  County  Award  Manager 
for  GHC,  we  are  able  to  bring  to 
you  an  extravagant  series  of  op- 
erating awards  which  will  obvi- 
ously win  the  approval  of  every 
county  hunter  in  the  world! 

Washington  State  Award 

Class   D   requires   10  to   15 


A3 
A9X 
BV 
C2 

ce 

CE0A 
CEflX 


HKG(Bajo) 

S9.CR5 

VS6 

H  Kfi  (Malp) 

SV  (Crete) 

VS9  (See  8Q) 

HK0(San  An) 

SV  (Dodecanese) 

VS9K 

IS 

T2.VR8 

VU  7  (Andaman) 

J3,VP2G 

TF 

VU7  (Laccadive) 

JA-JRKA 

T?9 

XF4 

JD,KA1  (Mina) 

UA1JJK1  (Franz  Jo) 

XP 

JD,KA1  (Ogasa) 

VE1  (Sable) 

YB^YC.YD 

JD,7J1  (Okino) 

VE1  (St.  Paul) 

YJ 

JW 

VK  (Lord  Howe) 

YVC 

JX 

VK9  (Willis) 

ZD7 

KG4  (See  CO) 

VK9  (Christmas) 

ZD8 

KH1,KB  (Baker) 

VK9  (Cocos) 

ZD9 

KH2,KG6(Guam) 

VK9  (Mellish) 

ZF 

KH3,KJ 

VK9  (Norfolk) 

ZK1  (North) 

KH4,KM 

VK9  (Heard) 

ZK1  (South) 

KH5K,KP6  (King) 

VK9  (Macquarie) 

ZK2 

KH5,KPe  (Palmy) 

VP2A 

ZL 

KH6,WH6,AH6,NH6 

VP20 

ZL  (Auck-Camp) 

KH6,KH7  (Kure) 

VP2E 

ZL  (Chatham) 

KH8,KS6 

VP2G  (See  J3) 

ZL  (Kermadec) 

KH9,KW 

VP2K 

ZM7 

KHftKH2,KG6(Mari) 

VP2L 

ZS2  (Marion) 

KC6  (West) 

VP2M 

1S 

KC6  (East) 

VP2S 

3B6,3B7 

KP  (Desoth) 

VP2V 

3B8 

KP1  (Navassa) 

VPS 

3B9 

KP2,KV 

VPS  (Falkland) 

3C0 

KP3,K  S4,HK©<Ran-Ser) 

VP8TLU  (Ork) 

3D  2 

KP4,NP4 

VP8,LU  (Geo) 

3Y 

KX 

VPB.LU  (Shet) 

45 

OHO 

VP8.LU  (Sand) 

5BTZC 

OJfi 

VP9 

5R 

OX,XP 

VQ9 

5W 

OY 

VR1  (Br.  Phoenix) 

6Y 

P29 

VR1  (Gilbert) 

8P 

PJ  (Neth  Ant) 

VR3 

8Q,VS9 

PJ  (St.  Martin) 

VR4  (See  H4) 

9H 

PYf  (Fernando) 

VR6 

9M63M8  (See  VSS) 

PYft (Peter  &  Paul) 

VR7 

9V 

PYfi  (Trinidade) 

VR8  (See  T2) 

9Y 

S7 

VS5,9IW6,9M8 

CO,CM,KG4 

CT2 

CT3 

D4 

D6 

DU 

EA6 

EA8 

EIT  Gl 

FB8W 

FB8X 

FB8Z 

FC 

FG  (Gaud) 

FGjFS 

FH8 

FK 

FM 

FO  (Clip) 

FO 

FP 

FR  (Glor) 

FR  (Juan) 

FR  (Reun) 

FR  (Tram) 

FW 

G,GM,GW 

GC,GU 

GC,GJ 

GD 

Gi,EI 

H4,VR4 

HC0 

HH,HI 

Isiand  DX  Listing.  The  IDX  Award  program  depicts  DXCC  countries  which  are  bona- fide 
fiisfandsr'  as  recognized  by  the  National  Geographic  Society.  First  criterion,  however:  They 
must  be  a  DXCC  country  as  stated  on  the  ARRL  DX  Countries  List.  Any  qualifying  DXCC  coun- 
tries either  omitted  from  this  iist  by  error  or  those  which  have  been  recognized  for  DXCC  after 
the  release  of  this  iisting  will  be  added  to  the  IDX  List  when  it  is  printed  next. 


counties;  Class  C  requires  15  to 
20  counties;  Class  B  requires  20 
to  30  counties;  Class  A  requires 
30  to  43  counties;  Class  AA  re- 
quires aJJ  44  counties  to  be 
worked. 


Oregon  State  Award 

Class  C  requires  10  to  15 
counties;  Class  B  requires  20  to 
25  counties;  Class  A  requires  30 
to  35  counties;  Class  AA  re- 
quires all  36  counties  to  be 
worked. 

California  State  Award 

Class  D  requires  20  to  28 
counties;  Class  C  requires  30  to 
38  counties;  Class  B  requires  40 


jntrrnattimal 

S\  Certificate  Blotters1 , CEkb„ 


<Jr- 


QTOiTJMi  ACHIEVEMENT  AWAH 


k OREGO 


*3tu  it  *-  £**% 


CLM&  M  m4*v**l 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     141 


IDX  AWARD  RECIPIENTS 

Over  the  months,  many  letters  have  been  received  requesting  a  published  list  of  those  stations 
that  have  qualified  for  the  IDX  Award.  In  callsign  order,  here  are  the  IDX  recipients.  Is  your  call  on 
this  honor  roll? 


US  Stations 

W1AGA 

N1AHN 

WB1BVQ 

WB1DQC 

WA1GTQ 

W1HR 

WA1SMI 

W1TEE 

K1TH 

W1WKP 

N2AWM 

N2BQL 

KA2EAO 

WB2FFY 

N2GG 

W2KI 

AF2L 

KE2M 

KF20 

WB2QLO 

WA2SRM 

KB2TY 

WA2VJL 

KJ2W 

W2XQ 

WA2YEX 

W2-6893  (SWL) 

N3AKX 

K3FN 

W3HRD 

K3LUE 

WA3PMJ/7 

AC3Q 

K3VY 

N4AKO 

WD4DVZ 

KE4E 

KS4G 

WD41HV 

KB4JA 

K4JYD 

K4LQ 


KA4LXZ 

WA4QZX 

WB4UBD 

N4XC 

KB5AC 

KA5ACC 

WD5CDR 

N5CID 

KA5CTZ 

K050 

K5HT 

KB50U 

WB5TZO 

KB5WQ 

AD5X 

N6AFN 

WD6AQJ 

WD6BNH 

WB6CDM/7 

WA6CUP 

WD6FDN 

WA6FDX 

W6JGT 

W60RD 

WA6PJR 

WA6QDR 

WA6SLO 

WA6VJP 

WB7AEX 

N7AKQ 

WB7BFK 

K7CU 

WDX7DER  {SWL} 

K7EFB 

WA7GVM 

NL7J 

KL7JC 

WA7JUJ 

W7KTI 

W7KVV 

WB7QEP 

WB7RFB 

WB7R0E 


WB7RUV 

W7ULC 

WB7VHA 

WA7YBN 

K7YY 

K7ZR 

KB8CU 

K8EJN 

KSIQB 

WD81XV 

KD8M 

WD8MOV 

W8NK 

WD8QEO 

WD8QOM 

N9AI1 

N9BA 

N9BAF 

K9BIL 

W9BM 

K9BQL 

WD9HWY 

WB9JBH 

KB9JJ 

WB9NOV 

KB9QZ 

WB9RNF 

K9TI 

KB9T0 

WB9UIA 

WB9UKS 

K9UR 

WB9VGJ 

WB9WFZ 

WA9WGJ 

AE9X 

N0AMI 

N0BKY 

K0DEQ 

KB0OE 

WBGOMY/6 

KISS  I 

KB0SY 


K&UKO 

W0YBV 

DX  Stations 

DA1MP 

DA1MV 

DF7QD 

DF9ZP 

DJ2UU 

DJ0SL 

EA6DE 

F6DUK 

GUSCIA 

HC2RG 

IC80GS 

I2GXS 

I8JNW 

I8KDB 

I8KNT 

I8YRK 

I8XTX 

I9MWI 

JA1SXH 

JH1XUP 

JI1NOY 

JR1EBL 

JA4ESR 

KH6JWK 

KP4AE 

LU1 BAR/W3 

OE1WPA 

S83T 

VE1 BWP 

VE3BXY 

VE3JGT 

VE3-9094  (SWL) 

VE5ADA 

VK2NHV 

VK4FS 

VK6YL 

VP2MO 

6Y50A 

9V1UK 


to  48  counties;  Class  A  requires 
48  to  57  counties;  Class  AA  re- 
quires all  58  counties  to  be 
worked. 

Arizona  State  Award 

Class  C  requires  5  counties; 
Class  B  requires  8  counties; 
Class  A  requires  10  counties; 
Class  AA  requires  1 3  counties  to 
be  worked. 

Nevada  State  Award 

Class  C  requires  8  to  10  coun- 
ties; Class  B  requires  10  to  15 
counties;  Class  A  requires  15  to 
17  counties  to  be  worked. 

Utah  State 


Class  C  requires  7  to  10  coun- 
ties; Class  B  requires  18  to  24 
counties;  Class  A  requires  22  to 

29  counties  to  be  worked, 

Wyoming  State 

Class  C  requires  7  to  10  coun- 
ties; Class  B  requires  15  to  20 
counties;  Class  A  requires  20  to 
23  counties  to  be  worked. 

Idaho  State 

Class  C  requires  15  to  20 
counties;  Class  B  requires  20  to 

30  counties;  Class  A  requires  30 
to  43  counties;  Class  AA  re- 
quires 44  counties  to  be  worked. 

Montana  State 


Class  D  requires  15  to  20 
counties;  Class  C  requires  20  to 
30  counties;  Class  B  requires  30 
to  40  counties;  Class  A  requires 
40  to  55  counties;  Class  AA  re- 
quires 56  counties  to  be  worked, 

Alaska  State 

Issued  by  actual  counties 
contacted,  this  award  may  be 
obtained  for  two  or  more  coun- 
ties confirmed. 

Hawaii  State 

Issued  by  actual  counties 
contacted,  this  award  may  be 
obtained  for  two  or  more  coun- 
ties confirmed. 


Rules: 

1)  Awards  are  available  to 
licensed  amateurs  and  SWLs 
(on  a  heard  basis). 

2)  Do  not  send  QSL  cards.  A  list 
showing  full  details  of  the  con* 
tacts,  signed  by  your  local  club 
official  or  two  licensed  ama- 
teurs, should  be  submitted. 

3)  Certificates  will  be  endorsed 
for  various  bands  and  modes  as 
requested,  providing  such  re- 
quest accompanies  application 
and  necessary  listings  are 
made. 

4)  Award  Fee  is  $3.00  worldwide. 

5)  Endorsements  after  original 
application  are  $1.00- 

6)  Send  application  to  Awards 
Manager,  Scott  R.  Douglas,  Jr. 
KB7SB,  PO  Box  46032,  Los 
Angeles  CA  90046,  USA. 

CHC  AWARD  SERIES 
Worked  USA  Award 

Districts:  Issued  for  contact 
with  all  US  call  districts  1 
through  0. 

States:  Issued  for  the  total 
states  worked. 

Capitals:  Issued  for  the  total 
of  capitais  of  states  worked. 

Prefixes:  issued  for  the  total 
number  of  US  prefixes  worked. 

There  is  no  fee  for  these 
awards  and  they  are  available  to 
licensed  amateurs  and  SWLs 
worldwide.  A  USA  SASE  is  re- 
quired; worldwide,  3  IRCs  are  re- 
quired  along  with  an  SAE. 

Presidents  Award 

Issued  for  the  total  number  of 
cities  worked  bearing  the  last 
names  of  past  presidents.  There 
is  no  fee.  Same  rules  as  Worked 
USA  Award, 

State  Cities 

Issued  for  the  total  number  of 
cities  worked.  Awards  are  is- 
sued by  state  (all  6th  &  7th  dis- 
trict callsigns).  There  is  no  fee 
for  this  award  but  same  rules  as 
USA  Award. 

These  awards  are  being  is- 
sued for  a  fimited  time  only. 
Should  further  information  be 
desired,  ptease  contact  Awards 
Manager,  Scott  R.  Douglas,  Jr. 
KB7SB,    PO    Box    46032,    Los 

Angeles  CA  90046r  USA. 


WORK  THE 
CARIBBEAN  AWARD 

This  basic  award  is  issued  for 
confirmed  contact  with  20  of  the 
Island  countries  listed  below. 
Endorsement  seals  are  issued 


142     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Sirrrtunj  nf  (Hertiftrair  aiift  Awards 


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in  increments  of  5  countries 
each.  A  Gold  Seat  plaque  can  be 
issued  for  30  or  more  confirma- 
tions at  a  cost  of  $18,95  rn  US 
funds  or  95  IRCs.  SWLs  may  ap- 
ply on  a  heard  basis. 

Send  your  verified  application 
and  $3.50  or  18  IRCs  to  the 
Awards  Manager.  Do  not  for- 
ward QSL  cards  because  you 
may  have  your  QSL  cards  and 
claimed  contacts  verified  by  two 
amateurs  or  a  local  radio  club 
official. 

Endorsements  will  be  issued 
for  any  mode,  band,  or  power 
level  requested  as  long  as  the  re- 
quest is  made  at  the  time  of  ini- 
tial application.  Future  en- 
dorsements will  cost  $1.00  US 
funds  plus  an  SASE. 

Forward  your  application  to 
Scott  Douglas  KB7SB,  PO  Box 
4S032,  Los  Angeles  CA  90046. 

Caribbean  Country  Prefixes 

C6.  CO/CM,  C04t  FG,  FS,  FM, 
HH,  HI,  HK0  (Bajo  Nuevo),  HKQ 
(San  Andreas),  HKQ  (Serrana 
Bank),  HR<i,  J3/VP2G,  J6/VP2U 
J7/VP2L,  KC4/KP1,  KG4, 
KP4fNP4/WP4,  KP4  (Desecheo 
Island),  KP3,  KP2/KV4,  PJ  (Neth- 
erland  Antilles),  PJ  (St.  Maarten, 
Saba,  St.  Eustatius),  VP2A, 
VP2K,  VP2E.  VP2KA,  VP2S.  VP2V, 
VP5,  VP9,  YV  (Margarita  Island), 


YVO  {Aves  Island),  ZFr  6Y,  8PT 
and  9Y. 

WORK  THE  PACIFIC  AWARD 

This  award  should  not  be 
mistaken  for  the  famous  WAP 
award  which  has  been  offered 
for  years  out  of  New  ZeaJand. 
This  particular  award  featured 
this  month  is  sponsored  by  the 
Certificate  Hunters  Club  (CHC) 
and  its  Manager,  Scott  Douglas 
KB7SB. 

The  basic  Worked  AH  Pacific 
Award  is  issued  for  30  con- 
firmed country  contacts  and  is 
available  to  any  licensed  ama- 
teur operator  or  shortwave  lis- 
tener Endorsement  seals  are  of- 
fered in  increments  of  5  coun- 
tries. A  Gold  Seal  Plaque  can  be 
issued  for  50  or  more  countries 
worked  in  the  Pacific  region  if 
desired.  Cost  of  the  plaque  will 
be  $18  US  dollars  or  95  IRCs. 

Endorsements  for  any  band, 
mode,  or  power  will  be  recog- 
nized if  such  recognition  is  re- 
quested at  the  time  of  applica- 
tion. 

To  apply,  have  your  list  of  con- 
firmed contacts  verified  by  at 
least  two  amateurs  and  have  it 
sent  with  $3.50  in  US  funds  or  18 
IRCs  to  the  Awards  Manager, 
Scott  Douigas  KB7S8.  PO  Box 
46032,  Los  Angeles  CA  90046. 


Pacific  Country  Prefixes 

A3,    BV,    C2,    CE0A,    CE&X, 
CE02t  DU,  FK,  FO  {Clipperton), 


FO  (French  Polynesia),  FW, 
H44/VR4,  HG8,  HKG  {Malpelo 
Island),  JD1/KA1  (Minami  Tori- 


UTAH 


QKK  VI  ISO  AUHII  >  I  MUST  AUAtUI 

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AWARD  CLASS 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     143 


CARifefeGAN 


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In ..' 


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shima),  JD1/KA1  (Ogasawarah 
K81/KH1f  KC6 (Eastern  Caroline 
Islands).  KC6  (Western  Caroline 
Islands),  KC6  (Valu),  KH2,  KHfl, 
KH6,  KH7.  KH3.  KH4,  KH5K, 
KH5,  KH8,  P2.  T2/VR8,  T3/VR1 
(Central,  West,  and  East  Kiribati 
separately),  TI9,  VK7,  VK,  VK2, 
VK9  (Wills).  VK9  (Christmas), 
VK9  (Cocos  Keeling),  VK9  (Mer- 
ited), VK9  (Norlolk),  VK«  (Heard). 
VKd  (Macquarie),  VR6,  VS5,  XF4, 
BY/YC,  YJ,  ZK1  (North  Cook), 
ZK1  (South  CookK  ZK2,  ZL,  ZL 
(Auckland  Island),  ZL  (Campbell), 
ZL  (Chatham),  ZL  (Kermadec), 
ZM7, 3D2  and  5Wf  9M2,  and  9M6. 

SPRUCE  KNOB 

The  Parkersburg  Amateur 
Radio  Klub  of  West  Virginia  win 
be  holding  an  in-state  DXpedi- 
tlon  from  the  top  of  Spruce 
Knob,   West   Virginia-    Spruce 


Knob  is  the  highest  mountain 
point  io  West  Virginia.  Elevation 
is  4862'  and  it  is  located  in  Ran- 
dolph county,  for  you  county 
hunters. 

The  expedition  will  be  on  Oc- 
tober 3  and  4,  starting  at  1500 
universal  time.  Station  call  will 
be  N8CDD.  Planned  frequencies 
are:  ±3.935,  7.235,  14.335, 
21.360,  and  28.535;  on  2  meters: 
144.200,  144.190,  SSB,  144,110, 

CW;  on  6  meters:  frequencies 
are  52.150,  SSB,  52.525,  FM;  for 
CW  on  HF  bands,  10  kHz  up  on 
all  Novice  bands.  For  special 
QSLf  send  an  SASE  to  N8CDD, 
902  23rd  Street,  Vienna  W  VA 
261 05. 


POPULATION  CENTER 

The  population  center  of  the 
US  as  determined  by  the  1980 


census  will  be  commemorated 
by  special  event  station  KA0IAR 
from  1700  GMT  October  10  until 
1700  GMT  October  11,  by  the 
Jefferson  County  ARC  in  De- 
Soto,  Missouri.  Approximate  fre- 
quencies used  will  be  25  kHz  up 
from  bottom  edge  of  the  General 
portions  of  10,  15,  20,  and  40,  as 
well  as  the  center  of  the  Novice 
portions.  For  a  certificate,  send 
QSL  and  a  large  SASE  to 
KA«IARt  3009  High  Ridge  Blvd., 
High  Ridge  MO  S3049. 

SUNBELT  EXPOSITION 

The  Colquitt  County  Ham  Ra- 
dio Society  will  be  operating 
club  station  WD4KOW  from  the 
site  of  the  four!  h  annual  Sunbelt 
Agricultural  Exposition  on  Octo* 
ber  13-15,  1981.  The  hours  of  op- 
eration will  be  0900  to  1600 
EDST  each  day. 


This  annual  Sunbelt  Expo  is 
held  each  year  at  Spence  Field 
Air  Base,  located  near  Moultrie. 
Georgia,  and  is  the  largest  agrh 
cultural  show  in  the  South.  This 
event  draws  over  200,000  visi- 
tors from  all  over  the  United 
States  and  foreign  countries. 

Operations  will  be  mostly  on 
40  and  20  meters  around  7.250 
and  14.300  MHz,  with  some  op- 
erations in  the  other  HF  bands. 
The  members  also  will  be  listen- 
ing for  visiting  hams  on  the  local 
repeater,  146.19/.79.  Visiting 
hams  are  invited  to  visit  the 
amateur  booth  at  the  Expo  and 
operate  the  station. 

A  special  QSL  card  is  avail- 
able for  those  making  contact 
during  this  event.  Contact  Joel 
Goings  AA4P,  Secretary,  Col- 
quitt County  Ham  Radio  Soci- 
ety, PO  Box  81 3t  Moultrie  GA 
31768,  for  more  Information- 


73  MAGAZINE  AWARDS  PROGRAM 


Work  The  World  Award 


76  VP2MO 

77  HKBEHM 

78  WA2SRM 

79  KA5CTZ 

80  DF7QD 

81  WA2YEX 

82  N5BBO 


83  WSJQT 

84  WB2TKD 
85W9BM 
86WD6EEQ 
87  KB7SC 
88KA2EAO 
89  KBiQB 


90  WB5TZO 

91  WB7VHA 

92  VK2DEJ 

93  WB1BVQ 

94  KF2X 

95  OE1  109976 

96  OE8MOK 


North  American  Award 


114WD4BLU 

115WBQOMY/6 
116VK4FS 
117DJQSL 
118VE3D1J 

119  HK0EHM 

120  VP2MO 

121  DF7QD 

122  KA3DBN 


128WD6EEO 
129  N7AHQ 
130W0OLL 
131  KA9HRI 
132WB7VHA 
133WB5LBR 

134  KA9ERX 

135  KB7SC 
136WA2MCE 


142WB2YMW 
1 43  AK1 H 
144WB1BVQ 

145  VK2DEJ 

146  DA1PN 

147  KF2X 

143  OEM  09976 

149  W1  SIX 

150  KA3GGP 


123  W6 JOT 
124WB0BWY 
125  N5BBO 
126WB2TKD 
127W9BM 


137  K7DBV 

1 38  KBIQB 

139  8P60V 

140  KA1CLV 

141  WB5TZO 


151  KJOWQ 

152  0E8MOK 
153VE1BWP 


South  American  Award 


103  DF7QD 

104  VP2MO 

105  HK0EHM 

106  DJ0SL 

107  KA3DBN 

108  N5BBO 
1Q9WB0BWY 
110W6JQT 
111  ZE2KA 
112WB2TKD 
113W9BM 
114  W0OLL 


115WB7VHA 
116WB5LBR 
117KA9ERX 

118N7AHQ 

119KB7SC 

120  KB8WJ 

121  VE3DIJ 

122  8P60V 
123K8IQB 

124  AK1H 

125  WB2YMW 

126  WB5TZO 


127  KC4YY 
128WB1BVQ 

129  VK2DEJ 

130  DK5WJ 

131  DA1PN 

132  KF2X 

133  OE1  109976 

134  DJ0WO 

135  OE0MOK 
136VE1BWP 


144     73  Magaztne  •  October.  1981 




European  Award 

20  Meters 

131  SV1GJ 

146  KA7COI 

161  WB5T20 

1  WA9BBX 

5  WMEPE 

9N4QH 

132  OJOSL 

147  WB5LBR 

162  WB7VHA 

2  WA9WGJ 

6  WB9UKS 

1OKA0INF 

133VE3DIJ 

148  KA8RD 

163  WB6SZZ 

3  KITH 

7  VK6YL 

134  HK&EHM 

149  W0CJG 

164  K7DBV 

4KB8JF 

8  N8BDJ 

135VP2MO 

150  WA2SHW 

165  N0ASV 

136  DF7QD 

151  8P6OV 

166WB1BVQ 

40  Meters 

137  KA1CFQ 

138XE2KA 
139  N5BBO 

152  KB7SC 
153WA2MCE 

154  K8IQB 

167VK2DEJ 
168  DAI PN 
169DU1EFZ 

1  WA2SRM 

2  N8AZD 

3  WD4DBJ 

4  WD0BOS 

5  N5AHZ 
6N4GH 

140  WB0BWY 

155  KA2EAO 

170  KF2X 

^■fc  rf*.       M     J 

141  W6JQT 

156W1SIX 

171  OEM  09976 

80  Meters 

142  W9BM 

157  KA1CLV 

172  DJdWQ 

1  KAGAZQ 

4KS4B 

7  WAGRVK 

143  WB2TKD 

158  KBSWJ 

173  KA7QFI 

2  WD0BO5 

5  WB9UKS 

8N4QH 

144  WD6EEQ 

159AK1H 

174  0E8MOK 

3  KA5AOP 

6  KB5FN 

145  WB9JBH 

160WB2YMW 

175  VE1BWF 

Oceanic  Award 

f  60  Meters 

85  WA2SRM 

93  WB2TKD 

101  WB5TZO 

1  KC8P 

I                86  DF7QD 

94ZL2BAO 

102  WB1.BVQ 

Worked  All  USA 

87  VP2MO 

95W9BM 

103  VK2DEJ 

AN  Band 

88  HKflEHM 

89  VK4FS 

90  WA2YEX 

91  N5BBO 

92  W6JQT 

96  WB7VHA 

97  WA2LYF 

98  KB7SC 

99  KA2EAO 

100  K8IQB 

104DU1EFZ 

105  KF2X 

106  OE1 -109976 

107  OE8MOK 

42  K4CXK 

43  KA8GXN 

44  N6BXT 

45  WA4ZLZ 

46W9BM 
47  KA7HPP 

48WD6EEQ 
49  WGCJG 

50  N5ACU 

51  NL7J 

52  KA4ITQ 

53  WB9UIA 

African  Award 

73  DX  Country  Club 

83  DJ9SL 

100WB5LBR 

111  VK2DEJ 

2  x  SSB 

90  HKGEHM 

91  VP2MO 

92  DF7QD 

93  KA3DBN 

94  W6JQT 

95  N5BBO 

96  WB0BWY 

97  WB2TKD 

101  WA2LYF 

102  W9BM 

103  KB7SC 

104  DK5WJ 
105K8IQB 
106  KA2EAO 
107AK1H 
108  WB2YMW 

112WB1BVO 
113DA1PN 
114DU1EFZ 
115KF2X 

1 1 6  DJ0WQ 

117  OE1  -109976 

118  0E8MOK 
119VE1BWP 

54  W5SGT 

55  W9BM 

56  DF7QD 

57  WB7RUV 

58  N7AKQ 

59  WB5LBR 

60  VK6YL 

61  KF2X 

62  VK4FS 

63  K9PSN 

64  K3KJZ 

65  K3LUE 
66WB1BVQ 
67  WB2YMW 

68  AK1H 

69  WD4DVZ 

70  DA1PN 

71  VK2DEJ 

72  VK2BQN 
73VE1BWP 
74  OE8MOK 

98  WD6EEQ 

109  WB5TZO 

99  KA9ERX 

110WBVHA 

Mixed  Mode 

Asian  Award 

22  WB5LBR 

23  WD6EEQ 

24  NL7J 

84  DF7QD 

93  W9BM 

102DU1EFZ 

2  X  CW 
10  WB9UIA 

85  VP2MO 

86  HK0EHM 

94  KB7SC 

95  KA2EAO 

103  KF2X 

1Q4OEM09976 

9WB9UIA 

1 1  VE1 BWP 

87  DJaSL 

96  K8IQB 

105  DJ0WQ 

12  KA2EAO 

88  KA5CTZ 

97  WB5TZO 

106  OE8MOK 

89  W6JQT 

98  WB7VHA 

107  VE1BWP 

Century  Cities  Award 

90  N5BBO 

99DA1PN 

108SV1GJ 

19  W9BM 

20  K7DBV 

21  VK6YL 

91  WB2TKD 

100WB1BVG 

22  WB9UIA 

92  WD6EEQ 

101  VK2DEJ 

Q5  Award  of  Excellence 

Worked  All  USA 

44  KA2GTT 

50W9BM 

56  N5AUB 

6  Meters 

45  KA4JVN 

51  ZL2LQ 

57  WB6SZZ 

1  WB0ZKG 

2  K6PHE 

3  N4BJJ 

4  KA5DDE 

5  WB5SNO 

6  K3HFV 
7N4QH 

46  KA4KST 

47  VK3VEU 
48KA1CFQ 

52  KA2GMT 

53  KAGFVG 

54  KABINE 

58  KA0KCM 

59  KB9PN                      , 

60  KA6AHL 

^-#       ■    ^    —w   ^t^  **  ** 

10  Meters 

49  KA9CWW 

55  KA&INF 

1  KL7IEN 

4  JH8DSC 

6VE1BWP 

2W52KJ 

5VK7NBT 

7N4QH 

3  VE1BVD 

f  5  Meters 

More  award  winners 

will  be  listed  next  month.  Full  details 

1  WD5DRB 

4  WB6CDM 

6WB9UKS 

of  the  73  Awards  Proc 

jram  can  be  found 

in  the  September, 

2  WA0CEL 

5  KA4IFF 

7N4GH 

1981.  issue  of  this  mag; 

aztne-  Why  not  become  part  of  the  fast* 

3  KA6ACO 

est-growing  awards  program  around! 

73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     145 


SOCIAL  EVEHTS 


HOUSTON  TX 
OCT  2*4 

The  Houston  ComVention  81 
will  be  held  on  October  2-4. 1981, 
at  trie  Astrodomain,  Houston 
TX.  Features  will  Include  an  in- 
door flea  market,  a  Friday  night 
equipment  auction,  computer 
exhibits  and  forums,  technical 
sessions,  and  DX/Contest  meet* 
ings  with  Father  Moran  9N 1  MM. 
Family  acttvites  are  planned 
and  the  ladies  will  have  a  full 
schedule.  Registration  is  $7,00, 
the  banquet  is  $18.00,  the  John- 
son Space  Center  tour  is  S6.00* 
and  flea  market  spaces  are 
$6.00  each.  For  full  details,  con- 
tact HHC(  Inc..  Box  79252,  Hous- 
ton TX  77024,  or  phone  (713)- 
481*4586. 

CLEARWATER  FL 
OCT  3-4 

The  Florida  Gulf  Coast  Ama- 
teur Radio  Council  will  holds  its 
annual  convention  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  ARRL  South  Flor- 
ida Section  Convention  on  Octo- 
ber 3-4,  1981 ,  at  the  Sheraton 
Sand  Key,  Clearwater  FL  Regis- 
tration is  $4,00  and  children 
under  12  years  old  will  be  admit- 
ted free,  There  will  be  a  QCWA- 
sponsored  luncheon  at  noon  on 
Saturday,  a  poolslde  Iuau  Satur- 
day night,  and  a  fashion  show 
and  luncheon  on  Sunday.  Swap 
tables  are  $10.00  for  the  week- 
end,  luncheon  tickets  are  $6,00, 
and  Iuau  tickets  are  $12.00.  Fea- 
tures will  include  forums,  dem- 
onstrations, meetings,  exhibits 
for  the  amateur  as  well  as  for 


XYLs,  and  a  limited  swap  area. 
Talk-in  on  146.37/.97.  For  further 
information  or  reservations, 
write  FGCARC,  PO  Box  157, 
Clearwater  FL  33517T  or  phone 
Jan  KA4ELA  at  (81 3)- 544-6734. 

ROCK  HILL  SC 
OCT  4 

The  York  County  Amateur  Ra* 
dio  Society  will  hold  its  30th  an- 
nual hamfest  on  Sunday,  Octo- 
ber 4,  1981,  at  Joslin  Park  in 
Rock  Hill  SC  For  additional  in- 
formation and  pre- registration, 
write  YCARS,  PO  Box  4141  CRS, 
Rock  Hill  SC  29730. 

REVERE  MA 
OCT  4 

The  19-79  Repeater  Associa- 
tion of  Chelsea  MA  will  hold  its 
annual  flea  market  on  Sunday, 
October  4,  1981,  from  11:00  am 
to  4:00  pm  (sellers  will  be  ad- 
mitted at  10:00  am)  at  the  Beach- 
mont  VFW  Post,  150  Bennington 
Street,  Revere  MA.  Admission  is 
$1 .00.  Sellers'  tables  are  $6.00  in 
advance  and  $8.00  at  the  door,  if 
still  available.  Talk-in  on  19/79 
and  .52.  For  table  reservations, 
send  a  check  to  19-79  Repeater 
Association,  PO  Box  171, 
Chelsea  MA  02150, 

YONKERS  NY 
OCT  4 

The  Yonkers  Amateur  Radio 
Club  will  hold  its  electronics  flea 
market  on  Sunday,  October  4r 
9:00  am  to  4:00  pm,  at  the  park- 
ing tots  of  Loral  Electron ics  on 


Fullerton  Avenue  In  Yonkers, 
NY,  Activities  include  prizes,  an 
auction,  and  live  demonstra- 
tions of  computers,  satellite  TVT 
hi-fi  equipment,  and  more.  Ad- 
mission is  $2.00;  sellers1  space 
is  $5.00  (bring  your  own  tables), 
Talk- in  on  146,865,  146.910,  and 
CB  channel  4.  For  advanced  reg* 
istration,  contact  Otto  Supliski 
WB2SLG,  52  Hayward  Street, 
Yonkers  NY  10704.  For  more  in* 
fo.  call  (914J-969-1053, 

ROME  GA 
OCT  4 

The  Coosa  Valley  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  host  the  annual 
Rome,  Georgia,  Hamfest  on 
Sunday,  October  4,  1981,  at  the 
Rome  Fairgrounds,  Gates  open 
at  7:00  am,  with  the  main  prize 
drawing  at  3:00  pm.  Admission 
is  $1 .00  and  addit  ional  prize  tick- 
ets will  be  available.  Activities 
include  dealer  displays,  bone- 
yard  and  flea  market,  ladies'  bin- 
go, and  hot.  homemade  barbe- 
que  and  Brunswick  stew.  Top 
prizes  are  an  (com  IO260A 
2-meter  SSB/FM/CW  mobile 
transceiver,  an  IC-2A  2-meter 
toandie-talkie.  and  a  Trionix  futi- 
range  frequency  counter.  You 
do  not  have  to  be  present  to  win 
the  first  prize.  There  will  be  hour- 
ly door-prize  drawings  plus  priz- 
es for  the  ladies  and  children. 
TatMn  on  147.30/.90.  For  more 
Information,  call  Cathy  Strick- 
land WA4YSV  at  (404)-235-2311. 

SCOTTSDALE  AZ 
OCT  9*11 

The  Scottsdale  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  hold  the  1981 
Southwestern  Division  ARRL 
Regional  Convention  on  Oc- 
tober 9-11,  1981,  in  Scottsdale 
AZ,  There  will  be  major  exhibi- 
tors and  thousands  of  dollars  in 


prizes.  On  Saturday,  October 
10th,  a  western-style  steak  din 
ner  will  be  served  and  Senator 
Barry  M.  Goldwater  K7UGA  will 
be  the  special  dinner  speaker. 
Tours  of  the  Senator's  "shack" 
will  be  conducted  also  on  Satur- 
day. For  more  information,  con- 
tact SARC  Convention  Commit* 
teet  PO  Box  3073,  Scottsdale  AZ 
85257. 

MEMPHIS  TN 
OCT  10-11 

The  Mid-South  Amateur  Ra- 
dio Association,  the  Memphis 
VHF  Club,  the  Raleigh  ARA,  and 
the  Delta  ARC  will  hold  the 
Memphis  Hamfest  on  October 
10-11,  1981,  in  the  Youth  Build* 
ing  at  the  Memphis  Fair- 
grounds, Memphis  TN.  Admis 
si  on  is  $3.00  and  children  under 
14  will  be  admitted  free.  The 
hours  will  be  from  8:00  am  to 
4:00  pm  on  Saturday  and  8:00 
am  to  2:30  pm  on  Sunday.  Fea- 
tures will  include  a  large  indoor 
and  outdoor  flea  market,  on-site 
trailer  hookups,  ladies'  activi* 
ties,  many  forums,  and  (on  Sat- 
urday night)  a  party/dance  with 
snacks.  Deadline  for  Friday 
night  setups  for  dealers  and  the 
flea  market  is  9:00  pm.  Talk-in  on 
+34/.94  and  .52.  For  advance  res- 
ervations and  further  details, 
write  Memphis  Hamfest.  28 
North  Cooper,  Memphis  TN 
38104,  or  phone  Clayton  Elam 
K4FZJ  at  (901)-274-4418(days}or 
(901)-743-6714  (nights),  or  How- 
ard Smith  WD5DVB  at  (901)- 
372-9618. 

ASHEVILLE  NC 
OCT  10 

The  Western  Carolina  Ama- 
teur Radio  Society,  Inc.,  will  hold 
its  6th  annual  AshevilleAutumn- 
fest  on  Saturday,  October  10, 


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148     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


WHAT  WILL  YOUR  NEW 

RIG  BE  LIKE? 


Read  73  and  Find  Out 


The  magic  of  digital  electronics  is  coming  to  ham  gear. .  .  and  you'll  be  able  to  read  about  these 
developments  in  73,  There  probably  will  be  more  changes  in  ham  equipment  in  the  next  few 
years  than  ever  before  in  history.  You'll  see  these  changes  coming  in  73t  where  you'll  read  about 
the  experiments  and  pioneering.  73  has  more  articles  than  any  other  ham  magazine ,  .  .  often  more 
than  all  the  others  combined. 

When  sideband  got  started,  it  was  moved  along  by  the  many  pioneering  articles  in  73.  In  the  60s 
it  was  solid  state,  with  several  times  as  many  articles  on  the  subject  than  in  all  the  other  magazines 
combined.  When  repeaters  and  FM  got  going  about  ten  years  ago  there  were  over  five  times  as 
many  articles  on  the  subject  published  in  73  as  in  all  other  ham  magazines  combined, ,  .and  you 
can  see  what  changes  that  brought  to  hamming.  Now  were  looking  at  exciting  developments 
such  as  narrow  band  sideband  for  repeaters.  .  which  might  give  us  six  times  as  many  repeaters 
in  our  present  bands.  We're  looking  at  automatic  identification  systems  which  may  make  it  possi- 
ble for  us  to  read  out  the  call  letters  of  any  station  tuned  in .  .  .  and  even  the  development  of  self- 
tuning  receivers. 

Will  stereo  double  sideband  techniques  make  it  possible  to  have  up  to  30  times  as  many  stations 
within  a  given  HF  band  as  is  now  possible?  Hams  will  be  experimenting  and  reporting  on  these 
developments  in  73.  73  is  an  encyclopedia  of  hamming.  .  .  present  and  future .  .  .and  just  a  bit  of 
the  past,  too. 

Without  the  endless  fillers  on  station  activities  and  club  news,  73  is  able  to 
publish  far  more  information.  .  .valuable  information.  ,  .on  hamming  and 
ham  equipment. 

You  may  or  may  not  be  a  pioneer,  but  you  certainly  will  want  to  keep  up 
with  what  is  happening  and  what  the  new  rigs  are  going  to  be  like.  And,  frank* 
Iy(  your  support  of  73  is  needed  to  keep  this  type  of  information  coming. 


Yd* 


Nome 


3  bHf  me  for  1  year  of  73  Magazine  at  525, OO 


319B6 


Address 


City 


State. 


.Zip, 


Canadian  S27/1  year  ortfy.  US  fufxSs.  Foreign  $35/1  year  only,  US  funds 

Please  aBow  4  to  6  weeks  for  delivery 
73  Magazine •FO  Box  031«Farmingdala  NY  11737 


73  Magazine  ■  October,  198t     147 


1981,  at  the  Asheville  Civic  Cen- 
ter, Asheville  NC.  Admission  is 
$3.00  in  advance  and  $3.50  at 
the  door,  Featured  will  be 
dealers,  an  ABRL  booth,  and  a 
McElroy  memorial  CW  competi- 
tion. Prizes  include  an  HF  trans- 
ceiver, a  2-rneter  transceiver, 
and  many  other  prizes  and  door 
prizes.  Talk-in  on  ,31 /.91,  ,16/.76t 
and  .52,  For  more  information, 
contact  WCARS,  Box  1488, 
Asheville  NC  28802. 

WAUKESHA Wl 
OCT  11 

The  KMRA  Hamfest  '81  will  be 
held  on  Sunday,  October  11,  at 
the  Waukesha  Exposition  Cen- 
ter, Hwy.  FT,  Waukesha  WL 
Tickets  are  $2.00  in  advance; 
$3,00  at  the  gate.  Talk-in  on  .52. 
For  more  info,  or  advance  tick- 
ets, write  KMRA  Hamfest  '81, 
315  Morey  Street,  Waukesha  Wl 
53186. 

BEDFORD  IN 
OCT  1 1 

The  Hoosier  Hills  Ham  Club 
W9QYQ  will  hold  its  annual 
hamlest  on  Sunday,  October  11, 
1981,  at  the  Lawrence  County 
4-H  fairgrounds,    located  just 


south  of  Bedford  IN.  Admission 
is  $3.00,  There  will  be  refresh- 
ments, a  free  flea  market,  ven- 
dor displays/sales,  free  camp- 
ing, and  prizes  (including  a 
grand  prize  of  an  Azden  PCS- 
3GO0  and  a  raffte  prize  of  a 
TRS-80  Model  III  4K  L1  comput- 
er). Talk-in  on  146.1 3Z.73.  For  ad- 
vance registrations  and  further 
information,  contact  HHHC,  PO 
Box  891,  Bedford  IN  47421. 

PARAMUS  NJ 
OCT  1 1 

The  Bergen  ARA  will  hold 
a  ham  Swap  'n  Sell  on  October 
11,  1981,  at  Bergen  Community 
College,  Paramus  NJ.  Seller's 
admission  is  $3.00,  There  will 
be  taitgating  only;  bring  your 
own  table.  There  will  be  thou- 
sands of  spaces  available.  Buy- 
ers will  be  admitted  free.  For 
more  Information,  contact  Jim 
Greer  KK2UT  444  Berkshire 
Road,  Ridgewood  NJ  07450,  or 
phone  (201H45-2855. 

BALTIMORE  MD 
OCT  11 

The  Columbia  Amateur  Radio 
Association  will  hold  its  5th  an- 


nual hamfest  at  the  Howard 
County  Fairgrounds  (15  miles 
west  of  Baltimore,  just  off  I-70 
on  Rt.  144, 1  mile  west  of  Rt.  144, 
1  mile  west  of  Rt.  32)  on  Sunday, 
October  11, 1961,  at  8:00  am.  Ad- 
mission Is  $3.00  and  tailgatmg 
and  tables  are  $6.00.  Food  and 
prizes  will  be  available.  Talk-in 
on  147.735/.  135  and  146.52/.52. 
Portable  reservations  and  infor- 
mation, write  Dennis  Parra,  6955 
Spinning  Seed,  Columbia  MD 
21 045. 

BIO  RAPIDS  Ml 
OCT  17 

The  Big  Rapids  Area  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  hold  a  fox  hunt 
on  Saturday,  October  17,  1981, 
starting  at  Hemlock  Park  in  Big 
Rapids  Ml.  Registration  is  from 
8:00  am  to  10:00  am.  Hunt  starts 
at  10:00  am  sharp,  rain  or  shine, 
on  on  146.64.  Families,  picnics, 
trunk-sale  horsetraders,  wel- 
come. $3.50  registration  per  car- 
load. Information  packets  sent 
to  advance  registrants.  Prizes 
will  be  awarded  and  food  will  be 
available.  Talk-in  on  .52.  For  fur- 
ther information,  contact  Bruce 
L  Werner  WB8TVD,  Box  1073, 
Big  Rapids  Ml  49307. 


KALAMAZOO  Ml 
OCT  1 7 

The  27th  annual  VHF  Confer- 
ence will  be  held  on  Saturday, 
October  17,  1981,  at  Kohrman 
Hall,  at  Western  Michigan  Uni- 
versity, Kalamazoo  Ml,  from  8:30 
am  through  the  awards  dinner  at 
6:30  pm.  VHF  topics  will  include 
Design  of  Low  Noise  GaAs  FET 
Preamps,  An  Overview  of  Packet 
Networking,  and  five  others.  For 
more  information,  write  Dr. 
Glade  Wilcox  W9UH F,  VHF  Con- 
ference Chairman,  Western 
Michigan  University,  Kalamazoo 
Ml  49008. 

IRWIN  PA 
OCT  17 

The  Irwin  Area  Amateur  Radio 
Association  will  hold  its  swap 
and  shop  on  Saturday,  October 
17,  1981,  at  the  Circleville  VFD, 
Robbtn's  Station  Road,  in  Irwin 
PA,  just  off  US  30,  3  mites  west 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Turnpike 
(exit  7).  There  will  be  plenty  of  in- 
door and  outdoor  space  avail- 
able. Features  include  a  flea 
market,  prizes,  vendors,  and 
food.  Talk-in  on  146.925/.325  and 
.52.  For  more  information,  write 


FREE! 

1981 

DISCOUNT 

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148     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


Bill  Stash  WA3A00,  421  Dailey 
Drive,  N.  Huntingdon  PA  15642. 

KENNER  LA 
OCT  17-18 

The  Jefferson  Amateur  Radio 
Club  will  hold  A  ma  con  '81  on 
October  17-18.  1981.  at  the  Air- 
port Hilton  lnnt  901  Airline  High- 
way, Kenner  LA,  The  FCC  will 
conduct  tests  for  all  but  the 
Novice  fevef  at  Our  Lady  of  Per* 
petual  Help  School,  530  Minor 
Street,  Kenner  LA  starting  at 
noon  on  Saturday,  October  17, 
1981  Applicants  shouJd  bring 
copies  of  their  licenses  to  the 
test  Other  features  will  include 
an  indoor  flea  market,  a  full 
schedule  of  women's  events,  and 
FCC.  ARRL,  and  Army  and  Navy 
MARS  meetings.  Talk-in  on 
147.69/ .09.  For  more  details,  call 
W.  a  "Bill"  Busbneif.  chairman, 
at  (504)^887-5022. 

GROTON  CT 
OCT  24 

The  SCRAMS  and  the  Trl-City 
Amateur  Radio  Clubs  of  Groton 
CT  will  hold  an  auction  on  Satur- 
day, October  24,  1981,  from 
10:00  am  to  4:00  pm  at  St,  Marys 
Parish  Hallt  at  the  intersection 
of  Rtes.  1  and  215,  Groton  CT. 
Admission  is  free.  Taik-in  on 
.07/.67  or  34Z.94.  For  further  in- 
formation, write  Anne  Htbbert 
WB1  GVLf  64  Giant's  Neck  Road, 
Niantic  CT  06357T  or  phone 
(203)-739-4970. 

CHATTANOOGA  TN 
OCT  24-25 

Hamfest  Chattanooga  will  be 
held  on  October  24-25,  1981 1  at 
Chattanooga  State  Technical 
Community  College,  Chattanoo- 
ga TN.  Admission  is  free*  Flea 
market  spaces  are  $2.00  for  one 
day  or  $3.00  for  both  days;  prize 
ticket  donations  are  $1.00  each. 
Events  will  include  dealer  ex- 
hibits, a  flea  market,  forums, 
contests,  and  ladies'  programs. 
Talk-in  on  ,19/.79  and  3980.  For 
dealer  Information,  write  Ham- 
fest Chattanooga,  PO  Box  3377f 
Chattanooga  TN  37404,  or  call 
(404)-398-3358. 

NEWARK  NJ 
OCT  24-25 

The  second  annual  NJ  Micro- 
computer Show  and  Flea  Market 
will  be  held  on  Saturday  and 
Sunday,  October  24-25,  1961,  at 
the  Holiday  Inn  North,  Newark 
Airport,  Exit  14  of  the  N J  Turn- 


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pike.  Admission  to  the  flea  mar- 
ket is  $5.00  for  sellers  and  $3.00 
for  buyers.  Admission  to  both 
the  flea  market  and  the  show  is 
$5.00.  Saturday  hours  are  10:00 
am  to  5:30  pm  and  Sunday  hours 
are  10:00  am  to  3:00  pm.  User 
groups  will  meet  each  day  and 
there  will  be  many  microcom- 
puter exhibits  indoors.  For  addi- 
tional information,  contact  Ken 
Gordon  W2TGH,  3001  Route  27, 
Franklin  Park  NJ  08823,  or 
phone  (201  J-297-2526. 

FRAMING  HAM  MA 
OCT  25 

The  Framingham  Amateur 
Radio  Association  will  hold  Its 
6th  annual  fall  flea  market  on 
Sunday,  October  25,  at  the 
Framing  ham  police  station  drill 
shed.  This  is  the  largest  indoor 
ham  flea  market  in  New  En- 
gland! Doors  open  at  10:00  am 
(sellers  may  begin  setup  at  8:00 
am).  Admission  is  $1.00;  sellers" 
cost  is  $8/iable  (prior  to  October 
15,  $10/table  after  October  15). 
Talk-in  on  .75/.  15  and  .52  direct. 
There  will  be  a  consignment  ta- 


ble (for  small  items),  food,  and 
bargains,  For  more  info,  contact 
Ron  Egalka  K1YHM,  3  Driscoll 
Drive,  Frammgham  MA  01701; 
(617)-877-4520. 

MARION  OH 
OCT  25 

The  Marion  Amateur  Radio 
Club  will  hold  its  7th  annual 
Heart  of  Ohio  Ham  Fiesta  on 
Sunday,  October  25,  1981,  from 
0600  to  1600  hours  at  the  Marion 
County  Fairgrounds  Coliseum, 
Marion  OH.  Featured  will  be 
many  prizes.  Food  and  a  large 
parking  lot  wllf  be  available. 
Tickets  are  $2.00  in  advance  or 
$3.00  at  the  door.  Tables  are 
$4.00.  Talk-in  on  146.52,  147.90/ 
.30,  or  223.34/224.94.  For  addi- 
tional information,  tickets,  or 
tables,  contact  Paul  Kifzer 
W8GAX,  393  Pole  Lane  Road, 
Marion  OH  43302. 

WHITESTONE  NY 
OCT  25 

The  Tu  Boro  ARC  will  hold  a 
mini  flea  market  and  auction  on 


Sunday.  October  25,  1981,  from 
9;00  am  to  4;00  pm  at  the  Odd 
Fellows  Hall,  149-14  14th  Ave- 
nue, Whttestone  NY.  Admission 
is  a  $1,00  donation.  Talk-In  on 
145.62.  For  table  space  and  oth- 
er Information,  contact  either 
Marty  WA2APT  ftt  (212)*359- 
6923,  or  Ed  WB21BG  at  (21 2h 
746-4082  after  7:00  pm. 


DORCHESTER  ONT  CAN 
OCT  25 

The  London  Amateur  Radio 
Club  will  hold  its  4th  annual 
Swap  'n  Shop  flea  market  on 
Sunday,  October  25,  1981,  from 
9:00  am  to  4:00  pm  at  Lord  Dor- 
chester Secondary  School,  Dor- 
chester, Ontario.  Admission  is 
$2,00  per  person  with  children 
under  12  admitted  free.  Tables 
are  $1.00  per  table  (plus  admis- 
sion) and  must  be  reserved  and 
paid  for  in  advance,  Talk-in  on 
147.78/.  18  or  146.52.  For  addi- 
tional information,  write  to  Dick 
ReJber  VE3IBV,  417  Regal  Drive, 
London,  Ontario  N5Y  US, 
Canada. 


^See  List  of  Advertisers  on  pag$  130 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     149 


(      ii    KY  LINES 


Dave  Mann  K2AGZ 
3  Damef  Lane 
Kmneion  NJ  07405 


I  have  frequently  been  sav- 
aged as  a  result  of  my  im- 
placable refusal  to  go  along 
with  the  fashionable  new  at- 
titude of  detente  thai  has 
developed  between  hams  and 
CB  operators-  Largely  inspired 
by  persons  who  hold  both  tick* 
els,  and  aided  and  abetted  by 
certain  business  interests  In 
both  electronics  manufacturing 
and  in  the  magazine  publishing 
field,  this  phony  and  hypocriti- 
cal fraternalism  poses  naught 
but  disadvantage  tor  us.  We 
have  little  to  gain,  but  a  great 

deal  to  Lose 

Why  the  unnatural  alliance? 
Who  needs  it? 

Don't  get  me  wrong.  Our 
ranks  have  been  strengthened 
by  many  who  were  first  exposed 
to  communications  as  CBers. 
They  worked  hard  to  achieve 
their  qualifications  and  deserve 
all  the  credit  in  the  world,  for 
they  had  much  to  overcome.  In 
point  of  fact,  many  of  these  con- 
verts  to  amateur  radio  came  in 
as  a  result  of  their  disgust  with 
CB  and  their  realization  that 
nothing  could  ever  change  it 
and  make  it  a  viable  service;  it 
had  been  allowed  to  retrogress 
for  such  a  long  period  that  it  was 
too  far  gone.  Despite  all  the  best 
efforts  of  the  few  constructive 
elements  within  CB  ranks,  they 
have  never  been  able  to  "clean 
up  their  act."  CB  remains,  al- 
most 25  years  after  its  incep- 
tion, an  undisciplined,  rowdy 
service,  incapable  of  self -pel  ic- 
ing. And  the  licensing  authority. 
the  FCC,  is  apparently  unwilling 
and  unable  to  do  anything  about 
the  mess, 

Typical  of  what's  been  going 
on  is  an  incident  reported  in  the 
press  on  the  23rd  of  June.  Three 
fishermen  whose  boat  capsized 


in  rough  seas  off  Fire  Island. 
NX,  may  have  tost  their  lives 
because  chit-chatting  CBers 
weekending  there  refused  to  re- 
linquish an  emergency  channel. 
A  Coast  Guard  search  for  the 
missing  men  was  abandoned  af- 
ter 21  hours.  The  proprietor  of 
the  marina  where  the  ill-fated 
Water  Rat  had  been  berthed 
said,  "It  was  outrageous!  They 
begged  the  people  to  gel  oft  the 
channel,  but  the  idiots  went 
right  on  talking/'  A  Coast  Guard 
officer  said  that  the  problem  of 
people  chatting  on  reserved 
channels  occurs  all  the  time  on 
Citizens  Band. 


This  points  up  the  obvious:  If 
it   weren't  for  the   long-term 

failure  of  the  FCC  to  insist  not 
only  upon  mere  possession  of 
the  applicable  regulations,  but 
also  upon  familiarity  with  their 
provisions,  there  would  be 
greater  compliance.  How  can 
users  be  expected  to  follow 
rules  that  they  are  not  required 
to  be  conversant  with?  And  how 
can  there  be  any  assurance  that 
they  know  the  rules  unless  they 
are  required  to  take  an  examina- 
tion which  tests  their  knowl- 
edge? 

At  the  very  least,  the  license 
grant  should  have  been  contin- 
gent upon  a  grasp  of  the  radio 
regulations  applicable  to  the 
particular  service. 

But  since  the  FCC  has  not 
seen  fit  to  impose  such  obliga- 
tions as  a  prerequisite  to  licens- 
ing, then  we,  as  a  conscientious 
group  faced  with  the  necessity 
of   preserving  the  traditional 
character  of  amateur  radio  as  a 
self-policing  service,  must  op- 
pose all  measures  which  would 
water  down  "entrance  require- 
ments" and  make  the  acquisi- 
tion of  a  ham  radio  license  easy. 
I  happen  to  believe  that  those 
who  are  in  the  forefront  of  all 
movements  toward  detente  be- 
tween the  two  services  nave  but 
one  purpose  in  mind:  to  estab- 
lish easy  ways  for  unqualified 
persons   to   acquire  the  ham 
license — code-free  licenses, 
etc,  And  among  the  more  in- 
sidious methods  of  accomplish- 
ing such  a  sinister  goal  is  the 
constant  effort  to  legitimize  CB 
in  the  public  mind  so  that  the 
vast  majority  of  the  people  will 


no  longer  regard  the  two  ser- 
vices as  distinct  and  apart.  And  I 
do  not  believe  that  there  is  any 
doubt  that  this  tactic  has  suc- 
ceeded, at  least  partially. 

We  had  a  cookout  here  re- 
cently, and  one  of  our  friends 
brought  a  lady  along,  During  the 
course  of  the  afternoonr  she 
glanced  at  my  antenna  installa- 
tion and  said  to  met  "My,  you 
must  be  a  ham  operator.  My  son 
is  also  a  ham... his  numbers 
are. .  "  And  she  rat  lied  off  one 
of  those  Citizens  Band  call- 
signs.  When  I  explained  that 
there  is  a  marked  difference,  her 
reaction  made  it  abundantly 
clear  that  she  hadn't  any  idea 
that  her  youngster  was  not  an 
amateur  operator;  this  was  the 
first  she'd  heard  of  it. 

I've  just  learned  that  Kayla 
Hale  W1EMV/TI5  passed  on  re- 
cently, A  former  editor  of  this 
magazine,  Kayla  was  a  very  dear 
friend  of  long  standing  and  was 
directly  responsible  for  my  as- 
sociation with  73.  A  constant 
member  of  the  3999  gang,  she 
was  highly  respected  and  will  be 
greatly  missed  by  all  who  knew 
her. 

Mentioning  Kayla  reminds  me 
that  just  a  few  months  ago  she 
wrote  a  letter  that  was  pub* 
tished   in  the  correspondence 
section    In    which    she    com- 
plained   about   deliberate   in- 
terference during  her  attempt  to 
resolve  a  medical  emergency, 
Her  husband  suddenly  took  ill, 
and  her  efforts  to  get  a  phone 
patch   were   marred   by   inten- 
tional QRM.  I  cite  this  in  order  to 
acknowledge  that  in  ham  radio 
we  also  have  our  problems  and 
are  not  free  from  our  own  incor- 
rigibies.  But  I  think  it  is  fair  to 
say  that  such  idiots  are  in  the 
negligible   minority   and    are 
roundly  condemned  by  the  vast 
majority. 

The  DX  fraternity  is  divided  in- 
to two  distinct  groupings— 
those  who  have  succeeded  in 
working  X25A,  and  those  who 
haven't  made  contact.  Of 
course  there  is  that  little  coterie 
of  fortunate  persons  who  are 
already  credited  with  Burma, 
and  among  them  there  are  those 
who  worked  Don  Miller  W9WNV 
some  sixteen  years  or  so  ago. 

There  is  great  discussion  go- 
ing on  concerning  the  legitima- 
cy of  the  present  operation. 
Documentation  was  not  issued 
by  the  Rangoon  government,  ap- 
parently, but  by  the  State  of 
KawthooleL  Speculation  is  run- 


ning rife  and  there  is  great 
uncertainty  about  whether  the 
DXCC  office  in  Newington  will 
accept  the  operation  as  valid. 
Those  who  are  holding  the  GSL 
are  advancing  all  sorts  of 
arguments  in  favor  of  okaying 
the  operation,  while  those  who 
haven't  worked  the  station  tend 
to  express  doubts  about  it. 
Since  I  happen  to  be  one  of  the 
former,  I  hope  that  Newington 
will  accept  it  as  valid. 

The  problem  is  that  Rangoon 
seems  immovable  in  its  unwill- 
ingness to  permit  amateur  ac- 
tivity now  and  tor  the  foresee- 
able future.  Because  of  this  in- 
transigence, it  is  impossible  to 
anticipate  that  there  will  ever  be 
any  operation  which  might  have 
official  sanction  of  the  Burmese 
central  government,  Apparently 
an  insurgent  group  is  in  control 
of  the  State  of  Kawthoolei, 
where  the  present  operation  is 
based,  and  if  documents  issued 
by  such  a  provincial  government 
are  not  going  to  be  deemed  valid 
by  the  League,  there  is  no 
chance  that  anyone  who  still 
needs  Burma  will  be  able  to 
make  it. 

But  what  of  the  last  operation 
from  Burma?  Did  Don  Miller  sub* 
mit  documentation?  And  was 
such  documentation  scruti- 
nized carefully  in  Oder  to  estab- 
lish validity  beyond  any  ques- 
tion? These  are  questions  that 
are  being  asked  and  deserve  an- 
swers. Because  of  repeated  Ir- 
regularities in  his  various  DXpe- 
ditlons,   Miller's  operations, 
though  accepted  at  the  time,  are 
now  widely  suspect.  My  point  Is 
simply  that  unless  Don  Miller's 
Burma  operation  was  properly 
documented,  it  is  grossly  hypo- 
critical for  the  League  to  void 
the  legitimacy  of  the  present 
XZ5A/XZ9A  operation.  How  can 
DXCC  refuse  to  accept   Kaw- 
thoolei  licensing   while   it  ac- 
cepts the  validity  of  an  opera- 
tion in  which  the  documentation 
is  widely  regarded  as  spurious? 

I  think  that  at  the  very  least 
the  League  should  examine  the 
records  in  order  to  establish 
beyond  question  that  the  docu- 
mentation offered  by  Miller  was 
in  order  and  not  fraudulent.  I 
think  that  the  League  owes  this 
to  the  thousands  of  amateurs  all 
over  the  world  who  have  exerted 
their  efforts  to  work  the  present 
operation  in  good  faith.  Cavalier 
dismissal  on  a  technical  point  is 
acceptable  only  if  the  technical- 
ity  is  applied  across  the  board 


150     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


and  with  equal  weight.  Any  oth- 
er course  is  inequitable  and  fos- 
ters some  of  us  an  unfair  advan- 
tage at  the  expense  of  the  rest. 
An  advantage,  I  might  add,  that 
can  never  be  overcome  as  long 
as  the  present  Rangoon  govern- 
ment maintains  its  adamant  op- 
position toward  any  and  all 
amateur  radio  activity.  That,  I 
submit,  is  the  intention  of  the 
Burmese  authorities,  and  for 
this  reason  an  examination  of 
the  continued  inclusion  of  Bur- 
ma on  the  DXCC  countries  list 
now  becomes  appropriate,  in 
my  view, 

I  would  also  express  the  view 
that  if  it  is  found  that  the 
Rangoon  government  is  not  now 


in  a  position  of  administrative 
control  of  the  State  of  Kawthoo- 
lei,  and  if  it  can  be  shown  that  ail 
civil,  military,  political,  and 
economic  administrative  rule  is 
in  the  hands  of  a  provincial  gov- 
ernment, then  the  ARRL  should 
accept  radio  licensing  docu- 
mentation issued  by  Kawthoolei 
as  valid  and  legitimate. 

After  all,  at  the  time  of  the 
writing  of  our  own  Declaration 
of  Independence,  our  colonies 
had  not  yet  won  their  freedom 
from  Britain,  yet  that  docu- 
ment's legitimacy  and  validity 
has  never  been  regarded  ques- 
tionable; indeed,  it  represents  a 
milestone  in  the  fight  for  human 
freedom  and  dignity.  We  have 


recognized  and  continue  cur- 
rently to  recognize  the  validity  of 
insurgent  governments  which 
succeed  in  overthrowing  des- 
potic, tyrannical  regimes 
throughout  the  world.  Why 
should  Kawthoolei  be  an  excep- 
tion? Or,  more  important  still,  is 
it  the  function  of  DXCC  to  grant 
or  withhold  recognition  when 
there  is  a  de  facto  government  in 
actual  power  and  control? 
These  are  not  questions  which 
should  be  decided  arbitrarily  by 
a  single  individual  or  group  act- 
ing on  the  basis  of  private  ini- 
tiative. 

The  major  problem  is  that  it  is 
the  central  government  in  Ran* 
goon  which  is  the  main  culprit.  It 


is  in  Rangoon  that  the  small 
oligarchy  wields  the  oppressive 
power  which  denies  our  Bur- 
mese colleagues  the  right  to  op- 
erate their  stations.  In  the  very 
act  of  recognizing  the  validity  of 
the  Kawthoolei  documentation, 
we  can  demonstrate  a  strong 
endorsement  of  our  national 
commitment  to  human  rights, 
and  at  the  same  time  we  can 
reinforce  our  solidarity  with  our 
ham  colleagues  all  over  the 
globe.  If  we  deny  the  validity  of 
the  Kawthoolei  operation,  we 
serve  notice  to  restrictive  gov- 
ernments that  they  can  limit  or 
outlaw  amateur  radio  without 
running  the  risk  of  the  slightest 
objection. 


Yuri  Blanarovich  VE3BMV 
Box  292 
Don  Miffs 
Ontario  M3C  2S2 
Canada 

DX  CONTESTS 

In  the  months  of  October  and 
November  we  have  the  major 
contest,  what  we  can  eail  the 
Dlymprcs  of  amateur  radio:  the 
3Q  WW  DX  Contest.  It  is  un- 
questionably the  biggest  and 
uest  attended  contest  of  them 
ill.  The  contesters  know  what  to 
jo;  they  are  trying  to  get  the 
nost  contacts  with  the  max- 
mum  possible  number  of  coun- 
ties and  zones  as  possible.  The 
)Xers  usually  show  up  and  tune 
he  bands  to  find  the  juicy  ones 
»r  those  that  they  are  still  miss* 
ng  on  their  "most-wanted"  lists, 
»ecause  there  is  an  opportunity 
o  work  something  like  150 
ountries  on  the  weekend. 

A  number  of  Contestpedi- 
ons  show  up  from  the  rare 
pots.  For  them,  this  is  a  clear 
dvantage,  because  they  have  a 
hance  to  operate  from  a  good 
eographical  location  with  good 


propagation,  usually  around  the 
equator,  and  possibly  from  a 
country  that  is  relatively  rare. 
The  more  rare  the  country,  the 
better  the  chance  to  get  more 
people  to  call  them  and  make 
more  contacts. 

To  Illustrate  some  of  the  rates 
achieved  in  the  contest ,  the 
VP2KC  operator  had  runs  of 
about  340  QSOs  an  hour  work- 
ing JAs.  Some  stations  work 
around  150  countries  on  the 
higher  bands.  So,  wouldn't  it  be 
easier  to  work  that  BY  or  ZA 
under  circumstances  like  that? 

Where  do  the  lists  stand? 
Down  in  the  mud  So.  all  in  all.  it 
is  a  great  opportunity  to  improve 
your  operating  skills  and  also 
watch  those  big  guns  to  see  how 
they  operate.  Also,  when  you 
have  a  big  gun  locally,  you  can 
compare  what  he  is  hearing  and 
what  you  are.  Maybe  you  will 
discover  that  that  antenna  can 
be  better  (and  bigger)  than  It  Is. 

It  is  becoming  more  common 
to  have  some  "spectators/1  that 
is,  operators  tuning  around  the 
contest  turmoil  and  observing 
the  propagation  signals,  tech* 
niques,  etc.  One  thing  that  they 
also  do  is  give  a  call  to  a  con- 
tester  or  DXer  and  help  him  with 
a  point  or  two.  It  is  a  nice  ges- 
ture, espectafly  to  those  who  are 
sitting  in  the  not-so-rare  coun- 
tries such  as  W  or  VE.  Maybe  he 
was  the  one  who  gave  you  that 
Spratley  or  Market  Reef  contact. 
So,  say  thank  you. 


The  multi-mufti  stations  are 
like  beacons  on  the  band.  They 
even  calf  when  the  bands  are 
seemingly  dead,  because  they 
are  stuck  on  that  band  anyway. 
Some  interesting  things  can  be 
observed. 

So,  all  in  ail,  it  is  a  great  op- 
portunity to  get  that  rare  one, 
especially  for  those  who  ate 
starting  up  and  need  to  get  there 
quickly,  Watch  out  for  the  QSL 
routes — most  of  the  operations 
have  a  QSL  manager. 

QSLING 

What  is  a  QSL  card?  It  is  a 

confirmation  of  an  established 
contact  and  it  is  proof  and  a 
record  of  that  event  {orT  better  to 
say,  it  is  supposed  to  be).  There 
are  always  the  good  and  bad, 
and  we  have  that  in  our  hobbyt 
too.  Some  DXers  figured  why 
bother  working  the  guy  if  they 
can  maybe  get  that  card  any* 
way,  or  they  would  do  anything 
to  get  the  card  so  they  can  add  it 
to  their  total  and  eventually 
show  up  on  the  Honor  Roll. 
Makes  one  wonder  what  honor 
is  if  the  only  desire  and  drive 
behind  ail  of  this  is  to  get  a  card, 
even  if  the  game  must  be  played 
dirty. 

There  is  a  bit  of  that  going  on. 
This  was  the  reason  why  some 
DXers  were  disgusted  and  tried 
to  get  something  done  about  It. 
Apparently,  the  ARRL  wouldn't 
do  much  about  it  so  they  decid- 
ed to  do  something.  What  they 
did?  QSL  scam!  Remember 
Abscam?  Similar  thing.  They 
went  ahead  and  printed  copies 
of  many  rare  QSL  cards  and 
made  them  available  to  those 
who  wanted  them.  You  would 
think  that  those  who  wanted  to 


get  on  the  Honor  Roll  would  not 
go  for  it?  Weil,  some  did.  It  is 
best  described  in  the  letter  by 
Dave  Gardner  K6LPL,  well- 
known  DXer  and  DXpedltfoner. 
This  letter  was  sent  to  The  DX 
Bulletin*  which  broke  the  news 
on  the  whole  affair.  Mere  it  is: 

Approximately  one  year  ago, 
a  group  of  fourteen  amateur 
radio  operators  both  in  the 
western  United  States  and  in 
Europe  involving  six  countries 
got  together  and  were  discuss- 
ing  the  sorry  state  into  which 
DXing  has  fallen.  It  seemed  to 
the  group  that  the  original  pur* 
pose  of  DXing,  the  spreading  of 
international  goodwill  and  fel- 
lowship, etc.t  had  degenerated 
Into  a  new  form  of  the  hobby 
which  we  called  "QSLing."  At 
that  time,  our  group,  which  in- 
cludes ten  members  of  the 
Honor  Roll,  attempted  to  figure 
out  &  way  to  make  an  impact  on 
amateur  radio,  the  ARRL,  and 
DXmg  in  general 

Our  group  has  never  been 
anti-League  or  anti-DXCC.  What 
we  are  against  is  QSLing  at  any 
price,  tack  of  concern  for  others, 
and  the  virtual  disintegration  ot 
the  generally  good-natured 
camaraderie  and  willingness  to 
help  others  that  had  charac- 
terized DXing  in  the  past.  The 
characteristics  of  DXing  have 
become  greed*  avarice,  and  un- 
concern for  others  in  search  of 
the  almighty  QSL,  Witness  the 
plight  of  the  poor  rare  DX 
operator  who  gets  on  the  air, 
and  is  totally  smothered  by  sta- 
tions in  quest  of  the  almighty 
QSL.  This  forces  stations  to 
resort  to  lists  so  that  the  poor 
guy  can  make  a  contact.  This 
phenomenon    has    spread 


73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981     151 


throughout  the  world  and  is  not 
just  an  American  problem,  as 
witnessed  by  the  problems  that 
the  most  polite  of  amateurs,  the 
Japanese,  had  in  the  demon- 
stration two  years  ago  in  China, 

it  was  unbelievable  to  us  how 
many  "straight"  amateurs  ac- 
cepted blank  QSL  cards  and 
submitted  them  to  the  League. 
This  is  only  the  tip  of  the  ice- 
berg, as  it  Is  a  well-known  fact 
that  working  stations  for  friends 
while  they  are  out  of  town  or 
unable  to  work  rare  OX,  and  even 
phone-patching  those  stations 
through  has  become  a  common- 
place, everyday  habit. 

No  QSLs  were  sent  out  by  our 
group  for  contacts  during  this 
sun  spot  cycle.  Many  members 
of  our  group  have  gone  on 
numerous  DXpediiions  and  it 
was  decided  that  all  of  our 
respective  QSL  managers  would 
be  kept  completely  in  the  dark 
about  this  so  as  not  to  endanger 
their  fine  reputations.  As  far  as 
we  are  concerned,  this  "opera- 
tion" is  over  as  we  feel  we  have 
made  our  point  No  further  dis- 
tribution  of  cards  will  be  coming 
from  our  group.  We  estimate 
that  between  twenty  and  twen- 
ty-five thousand  [emphasis  add- 
ed} QSL  cards  have  been  sent 
and  accepted  by  amateurs 
throughout  the  world  in  every 
continent  except  Antarctica. 

We  must  stop  this  msane  QSL 

chasing  and  go  back  to  DXing 

for  the  sake  of  DXing  and  not 

fust  for  the  sake  of  a  QSL  card. 

David  G.  Gardner,  M.D.  KBLPL 

As  a  result  of  this,  a  number 
of  DXers  were  already  disquali- 
fied. I  think  it  would  be  only  fair 
in  order  to  preserve  the  credi- 
bility of  the  DXCC  and  the  Honor 
Roll  to  ask  those  who  are  on  it  or 
(all  in  the  time  frame  of  the  QSL 
scam  to  submit  their  cards  for 
verification,  ft  may  be  a  lot  of 
work,  but  perhaps  there  might 
be  some  volunteers  that  can 
help, 

Another  questionable  way  of 
obtaining  QSLs  is  the  operation 
list.  Quite  often,  the  two  sta- 
tions do  not  hear  each  other  and 
the  report  and  callsigns  get 
passed  by  a  "third  party,"  the 
net  control.  This  is  definitely  not 
the  way  to  do  it  and  you  should 
stay  away  from  it  as  much  as 
you  can.  Don't  forget:  The  whole 
worid  is  listening  and  they  hear 
you.  What  would  they  think 
about  you?  Stay  clean!  Back  in 
the  old  country,  they  used  to  say 


that  honor  is  worth  more  than 
anything  else. 

HOW  TO  QSL? 

Generally,  i  would  say  QSL  to 
those  that  you  real  J  y  need.  There 
are  some  types  that  QSL  any- 
thing that  moves.  For  example, 
you  work  him  in  the  contest 
three  times  on  the  same  band, 
and  you  get  three  QSL  cards. 
You  probably  already  have 
about  ten  of  them  in  your  collec- 
tion. This  is  just  an  unnecessary 
burden  for  the  post  office,  your 
QSL  bureau,  your  friend,  and 
your  pocket,  too. 

The  best  thing  to  do  is  to  keep 
some  kind  of  records.  Thfs  is 
usually  done  when  you  are 
brand  new  and  eager  to  get  a 
QSL  card  for  each  contact  you 
made.  I  used  to  have  a  very  nice 
tracking  system,  with  a  book, 
divided  by  countries.  I  used  dif- 
ferent colors  for  different  bands 
and  modes  and  then  an  overall 
table  showing  which  country 
was  worked,  confirmed,  and  on 
what  band  and  mode.  Sor  you 
always  know  where  you  stand. 
Then  I  gave  up  after  over  40,000 
contacts  were  made;  it  is  just 
impossible  to  do  that  and  have 
the  time  to  operate.  The  contest 
logs  are  nuisance  enough. 

It  is  also  advisable  to  keep  a 
record  of  cards  sent  out  directly 
and  to  which  QSL  manager,  so 
you  can  try  again  if  for  some 
reason  you  don't  get  a  reply.  As 
they  say:  The  QSL  is  the  final 
courtesy  of  the  QSO.  It  is  polite 
to  answer  all  the  requests  for 
your  cards.  There  is  no  legal 
right  to  obtain  a  card;  you  can't 
sue  anyone  because  he  did  not 
send  you  one.  You  can  feel 
miserable  about  him,  and 
perhaps  "won't  hear,f  him  when 
you  fire  up  from  China,  but  that 
is  about  it. 

I  have  experienced  a  number 
of  threatening  letters  with  ex- 
clamation marks  just  because  a 
guy  did  not  get  his  card  within 
24  hours.  Well,  sometimes  there 
might  be  reasons  for  a  delay: 
Cards  are  not  printed,  logs  are 
not  in  the  hands  of  the  QSL 
manager,  the  boat  is  going  there 
only  once  a  year,  etc. 

The  contesters  are  some- 
times in  a  special  situation. 
Usually,  the  typical  multi-multi 
station  can  easily  make  10,000 
contacts  on  a  weekend  and  this 
happens  about  4  to  6  times  a 
year,  It  is  difficult  to  QSL 
everyone  contacted.  Gentlemen 
at  least  answer  all  requests. 


It  might  take  a  little  longer,  but 
they  usually  do.  Tbis  is  where 
those  younger  and  eager  hams 
can  perhaps  offer  to  help  a  con- 
tester  by  volunteering  his  QSL 
services.  It  will  give  them  a 
chance  to  get  involved  in  a 
super-station,  learn  something, 
and  be  of  help  to  many  others. 
Generally  we  can  divide  the 
QSL  types  into  three  groups: 
regular,  rare,  and  special. 

Regulars  would  be  the  ones 
that  are  around  a  lot  and  if  you 
did  not  get  this  one  to  reply, 
there  is  always  another  one. 
Those  we  usually  QSL  via  the 
bureau.  Don't  waste  your  money 
on  postage.  Put  them  in  a  bun- 
dle, nicely  sorted  in  alphabetical 
order  by  countries  and  prefixes, 
and  send  them  to  your  QSL 
bureau.  Then  wait  (and  wait), 
especially  if  it  is  Box  38* 
Moscow,  Things  are  siow  there. 
Find  out  what  your  local  bureau 
situation  is.  The  ARRL  now  is 
running  the  QSL  bureau  for  out- 
going cards.  See  QST  for  de- 
tails. Incoming  cards  are  going 
through  the  ARRL  and  local  call 
area  volunteers. 

It  is  necessary  to  have  a  suffi- 
cient number  of  SASEs  with 
them.  Otherwise,  cards  will  be 
destroyed  after  a  certain  period 
of  time.  Most  of  the  other  coun- 
tries have  their  QSL  bureaus  run 
by  their  national  amateur  radio 
organizations  and  they  handle 
all  incoming  and  outgoing 
cards.  Caution:  Some  hams  are 
not  members  of  the  organiza- 
tions and  the  bureau  is  not  han- 
dling cards  for  them— cards 
usually  get  returned. 

It  is  safe  to  say  that  for  all  the 
eastern  European  countries,  the 
bureau  is  the  safe  and  sure  way 
of  getting  the  cards.  When  there 
is  a  big  bundle  of  cards  to  be 
sent  out  to,  let's  say.  Japan,  you 
will  probably  be  better  off  to 
send  directly  to  Japan  rather 
than  through  your  bureau,  The 
cost  difference  will  be  small  and 
they  can  go  via  slow  boat  rather 
than  airmail. 

Rare  ones  are  those  who  are 
rare:  There  is  maybe  only  one 
ham  in  the  country,  the  activity 
is  very  sporadic,  or  the  mail  ser- 
vice occurs  only  once  a  year  (like 
ZD7  or  VE  with  all  the  postal 
strikes,  hi).  Then  it  Is  worth  it  to 
find  out  what  the  best  QSL  route 
is.  Many  times  the  rare  ones 
have  a  QSL  manager,  and  if  it  is 
a  good  one,  it  is  easy  to  get  the 
card.  You  send  the  card  directly 
to  him.  Just  remember,  he  is 


probably  handling  over  50,000 
cards  a  year  (W3HNK),  so  make 
the  job  easy  for  him.  Make  sure 
that  you  include  an  SASE,  with 
the  correct  postage  affixed. 

Remember,  Canada  is  not  a 
part  of  the  US  and,  therefore,  it 
has  its  own  stamps;  don't  put 
US  stamps  on  the  envelope.  If 
you  are  desperate,  maybe  in- 
clude unglued  stamps.  They  can 
be  used  by  the  manager  for  his 
SASEs.  But  the  best  thing  to  do 
is  always  to  use  the  stamps  of 
the  country  that  the  manager  is 
in,  and  the  correct  amount  If 
you  don't  have  them  or  cannot 
obtain  them  (some  philatelic 
stores  have  unused  stamps  of 
almost  all  countries  in  the 
world),  then  use  IRC  coupons. 
Those  are  the  coupons  that  you 
can  obtain  at  your  local  post  of- 
fice. So,  it  is  a  good  idea  to  drop 
a  note  to  him  and  ask  how  many 
and  how  much. 

One  IRC  is  usually  worth  the 
postage  of  one  unit  of  postal 
weight  in  the  country  at  regular, 
surface  mail  Air  mail  Is  more 
and  the  Cailbook  lists  some  of 
the  rates  to  various  countries. 
Usually,  three  IRCs  are  suffi- 
cient tor  airmail  from  most  of 
the  countries. 

Some  countries  (most  of  east 
Europeans)  have  100%  censor* 
ship  at  their  post  offices,  so  be 
careful  what  you  are  writing  so 
you  do  not  put  a  ham  in  jaif.  Re- 
member, not  all  countries  have 
the  freedom  that  we  in  the  West 
enjoy.  Some  of  them  prohibit 
foreign  currency  and  it  simply 
gets  removed  and  put  in  the 
State  fund.  Box  88  apparently 
even  removes  the  IRCs,  Some 
countries  are  looking  for  call- 
signs  on  the  envelopes  and  that 
tells  them  that  there  is  meat  in 
the  envelope — they  take  it.  Or, 
sometimes  there  is  an  unscrup- 
ulous postmaster  who  does 
that.  So,  generally,  even  if  you 
are  proud  of  your  cailsign,  it  is 
better  not  to  put  it  on  envelopes, 
especially  those  going  to  the 
East  or  to  Africa.  This  is  why  the 
QSL  managers  are  doing  their 
thankless  job  and  serving  DX- 
ers, 

Always  make  sure  that  alt  the 
information  on  the  QSL  card  is 
correct  and  spend  some  time 
doing  that,  A  manager  might 
have  lots  of  work  to  do  with  your 
sloppy  card  if  you  did  not  put 
your  time,  date,  or  band  correct- 
ly on  the  card.  Remember,  he 
might  have  340  QSOs  for  one 
hour  in   his   log  and   he  has, 


152     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


perhaps,  5000  QSOs  on  one 
band  from  that  contest  station. 
Double-check  your  info,  and 
don't  make  him  search  through 
10.000  QSOs  for  that  one  you 
made.  Make  sure  that  your  date 
and  time  are  always  in  GMT  (or 
UTC,  as  they  call  it  now).  Your 
QSL  card  is  like  your  picture,  so 
try  to  look  nice. 

Special  ones   would   be  all 
those  who  are  either  extremely 
rare  or  very  difficult  to  get  cards 
from;  it  is  advisable  to  find  out 
the  QSL  Info  right  away.  This 
happens  when  an  amateur  is  as- 
signed to  work  there  or  is  pass* 
ing  by  the  country  and  is  active 
for  a  very  short  period  of  time,  A 
number  of  OXpeditions  fall  here, 
too.  You  must  QSL  as  soon  as 
possible,  before  the  logs  get 
lost,  the  QSL  manager  gives  up, 
etc.  Excellent  hefp  is  provided  in 
the  various  bulletins  and  QSL 
manager  lists.  To  mention  two, 
there  is  the  very  sizable  W6GO/ 
K6HHD  list  (Box  700t  Rio  Linda 
CA  95673)  and  the  QSL  Report 
by  QSL  Management  Associa- 
tion, c/o  JH1HWN.  Those  have 
the  latest,  up-to-date  informa- 
tion in  them,  usually  taken  from 
the  DX   bulletins   and   nicely 
sorted   out    and   summarized. 
There    is*    of    course,    the 
Calfbook,   which   lists   all    the 
hams  in  the  world,  and  it  is 
almost  a  must  for  those  who  are 
just  starting  their  QSLing. 

I  hope  that  this  will  shed 
some  light  on  the  art  of  QSLing. 
It  is  always  advisable  to  consult 
your  local  big  gun  if  you  are  not 
sure.  Good  luck  and  may  your  re- 
turns be  100%. 


OX  NEWS 

XZ  Burma  is  getting  better  and 
better.  Apparently,  the  station 
was  improved  by  the  mstallation 
of  a  beam  and  amplifier  and 
operators  are  starting  to  work 
on  their  own,  without  the  lists. 
QSL  via  JA8BMK  for  X25A  and 
XZ9A. 

HHQN  Navassa  operation  by  a 
number  of  operators  from  Haiti. 
Operators  are  trying  to  do  their 
best  and,  apparently,  Haiti  is 
claiming  the  island.  If  Navassa 
is  part  of  Haiti,  then  most  likely 
it  will  lose  its  separate  country 
status.  QSL  via  W04JNS. 

YQQWUG  and  other  calls  with 
the  YCH1  prefix  are  being  used  to 
commemorate  the  world  Univer- 
sity Games,  or  Universiade  as  it 
is  also  known. 

9Q5VT  Zaire  is  quite  active  by 
Len  and  also  shortly  by  W5VR. 
QSL  via  W5VR. 

KH6U  is  recovering  nicely  from 
his  stroke.  Worked  him  recently 
on  CW  and  he  still  has  a  problem 
with  coordination,  but  it  is  great 
to  hear  that  famous  call  on  the 
air  again.  One  of  world's  best 
operators  ever.  Speedy  recov- 
ery, KatashL 

Africa.  A  number  of  expeditions 
are  wandering  around;  watch 
out  for  the  announcements. 
Most  of  them  are  very  sporadic, 
waiting  for  the  licenses. 

A7XE  operating  around  21025, 
QSL  via  OF4NW. 

AX  Australia.  Special  prefix  was 
used  for  Prince  Charles'  wed- 
ding  commemoration.  AX9NL 
was  quite  active.  QSL  cards  to 
their  respective  VK  callsigns. 


fMM  HELP 


I  need  any  info  on  a  Packard 
Jell  oscilloscope,  model  5mc 
P—  schematic,  manual,  etc.  I 
■'ill  pay  copying  and  postage  or 
/ill  copy  and  return  original 
hanks, 

Harl  Goodsell  W7LTH 

70  S.  2nd  East 

Hyrum  UT  84319 

I  need  a  March.  1975,  issue  of 
3  Magazme.  I  also  need  help  in 
'btarining  3  Hewlett-Packard 
iP-48  with  the  optional  LED 
isplay  and  a  Fisher  H(M0 
tereo  reverberator. 

Ham  Help  is  my  last  resort  in 


attempting  to  find  these  items. 
Please  send  information  you 
may  have  toward  my  obtaining 
these  items- 
George  E.  Welnbender 
PO  Box  747 
Lake  Havasu  City  AZ  86403 

I    would    like   to   correspond 
with  anyone  who  has  converted 
the  ARC-21  or  ARC-65  surplus 
rigs.   I  have  the  ARC-65  tech 
manual   and   an   extra  control 
head- 
Mark  Meltzer 
335  Prentiss  St. 
San  Francisco  CA  94110 


Two-meter  H.T.  Amplifier  Kit 


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ORBIT  is  the  Official  Journal  for  the 
Radio  Amateur  Satellite  Corporation 
(AMSAT),  P.O.  Box  27,  Washington,  DC 
20047.  Please  write  for  application. 

For  a  FREE  SAMPLE  COPY  please 
send  S1  to  cover  First  Class  Postage 
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See  Ltst  ot  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     153 


CONTESTS 


Robert  Baker  WB2GFE 
75  Windsor  Dr. 
Atco  NJ  08004 

CALIFORNIA  QSO  PARTY 

Starts:  1800  GMT  October  3 
Ends:  2359  GMT  October  4 

This  event  is  sponsored  by 
the  Northern  California  Contest 


Club,  with  strong  efforts  being 
made  to  have  all  58  counties  in 
California  on  for  the  contest 
duration. 


Single-operator  stations  may 
operate  only  24  hours  of  the  con- 
test period;  of  Mimes  must  be 
clearly  marked  in  the  log.  Multi- 
operator  stations  may  operate 
the  full  30  hours.  Stations  may 
be  worked  only  once  per  mode 
per  band.  All  contacts  must  be 
simplex.  All  CW  contacts  must 
be  made  in  the  CW  subband* 
California  stations  that  change 
counties  are  considered  to  be 
new  stations  and  may  be  con- 
tacted again  for  points  credit 


RESULTS 

BRITISH  AMATEUR  RADIO  TELEPRINTER  GROUP 

1981  SPRING  CONTEST  RESULTS 

Single  Operator 


Callsign 

Points 

W3EKT 

598000 

I5FZI 

577720 

EA8RU 

537544 

W3FV 

466334 

K7BV 

445760 

G3HJC 

436028 

WB3CCZ 

380820 

W4CQI 

377936 

GM3ZXL 

3771 40 

SM6ASD 

373430 

LZ1KDP 

Ml 

489464 

LZ2KRR 

465052 

HA5KBM 

403300 

I5NUT 

328388 

HG6V 

273734 

OK1KPU 

133952 

OK3RJB 

110770 

SP1PBW 

51192 

HA6KVD 

34074 

SK6DG 

18942 

Total  QSOs 

364 
296 
346 
271 
281 
247 
232 
249 
226 
233 

Multiple- Operator 

296 

277 

254 

197 

216 

120 

130 

103 

47 

31 


Countries 

37 

46 
36 
39 
37 
34 
37 
35 
38 
32 


39 
37 
35 

38 
33 
28 
30 
19 
16 
12 


Shortwave  Listener 

Countries 

Name/Call 

Points 

QSOs 

Heard 

OK1  1 1857  (Czech) 

350200 

224 

43 

H.Balfenberger  (DL) 

284068 

195 

37 

0K3  27010  (Czech) 

249916 

224 

34 

Y2-5724/C  (DM) 

173128 

137 

33 

K.  Wustner  (DL) 

165240 

139 

28 

Y2-6992/F  (DM) 

145542 

145 

26 

A.  Schneifer  (DL) 

65800 

68 

27 

Y2-8861/0{DM) 

60080 

51 

28 

Werner  Ludwig  (DL) 

14460 

19 

5 

EXCHANGE: 

California  stations  send  QSO 
number  and  county.  Others 
send  QSO  number  and  state, 
province,  or  ARRL  country. 

FREQUENCIES: 

Novice— 3725,   7125.   21125. 

281 25. 

CW— 1805.  3560.  7060,  14060, 

21060,  28060. 

SSB— 1815,  3895,  7230,  14280. 

21355,  28560. 

Try  CW  on  the  half  hour  and  16 

meters  at  0500. 

SCORING: 

Each  completed  phone  con- 
tact is  worth  2  QSO  points.  Each 
completed  CW  contact  Is  worth 
3  QSO  points-  For  multiplier, 
California  stations  use  the 
number  of  states,  VO/VE  1-7, 
and  VY1/VE8,  for  a  possible  of 
58.  Others  use  the  number  of 
California  counties  worked  for  a 
possible  total  of  56.  The  final 
score  is  the  number  of  QSO 
points  multiplied  by  the  total 
number  of  multipliers. 

AWARDS: 

Certificates  for  hrghest-scor- 
ing  station  in  each  California 
county,  each  state/province, 
and  each  country.  Trophies  to 
the  highest*scoring  out-of-state 
single-op,  highest-scoring  Cali- 
fornia single-op,  and  highest* 
scoring  DXpedition  to  a  Califor- 
nia county. 


RESULTS 


160-METER 
PHONE  CONTEST 
CLAIMED  SCORES 

Top  Six,  1981 

Single  Operator 

Calisign  State  Score 

W8LRL  WV      383,625 

KQRF  CO       333,660 

WKJCMM  CO       256,880 

W9RE  IN         224,960 

W3Y02  MO      217,500 

Multi-Operators: 

W4CN  KY        198,645 

WA9EYY  IL  193,475 
WD0BNC  KS  176,985 
WD0BRD  NE  169,750 
W9ZX  IL         170,725 

KA9F  IL         97,500 

Final  results  to  be 
published  in  November  or 
December  73, 


ENTRIES: 

All  logs  and  summary  sheets 
must  be  sent  by  November  1st 
to:  NCCC,  c/o  Dennis  Egan 
N6QW.  81 1  Byerley  Avenue,  San 
Jose  CA  95125.  Please  include 
an  SASE  with  your  entry, 

NINELAND  QSO  PARTY 

Starts:  1800  GMT  October  10 
Ends:  2359  GMT  October  11 

A  maximum  of  24  hours  of  the 
30-hour  period  may  be  worked. 
The  same  station  may  be 
worked  once  per  band  and 
mode.  If  any  stations  change 
counties,  they  may  be  worked 
again. 

EXCHANGE: 

Nine-land  stations  send 
RS(T)P  county,  and  state.  Others 
send  RS(T)  and  statet  province, 
or  ARRL  country. 

FREQUENCIES: 

Novice— 3725,  7125,  21125. 

28125. 

SSB— 1815,  3895,  7230.  14280, 

21355,  28600,  plus  VHF. 

CW— 1805,  3560,  7060,  14060, 

21060.  28060,  plus  VHF, 

SCORING: 

Each  QSO  is  worth  2  points. 
Nine-land  stations  compute 
final  score  as:  total  QSO  points 
times  the  total  number  of  states, 
provinces,  ARRL  countries,  and 
nine-land  counties.  Others  mul- 
tiply QSO  points  by  total  num- 
ber of  nine-land  counties. 

AWARDS: 

Certificate  to  top  score  in 
each  state,  province,  and  ARRL 
country;  2nd  and  3rd  places  if 
justified.  Also,  awards  for  top 
mobile,  portable,  multi-single, 
multi-muiti,  club,  and  Novice, 

ENTRIES: 

Submit  summary  sheet  and 
log.  Each  new  multiplier  shall  be 
clearly  indicated.  Send  logs  and 
a  large  SASE  to  III  Wind  Con- 
testers,  c/o  John  W.  Sikora 
WB9IWN,  8747  Northcote. 
Munster  IN  46321, 

JAMBOREE  ON  THE- AIR 

Starts:  0001  GMT  October  17 
Ends:  2400  GMT  October  18 

It's  Jamboree  time  again! 
Time  for  Scouts,  former  Scouts, 
and  anyone  interested  to  meet 
on-t he-air  for  a  weekend  of  good 
Scout  talk.  It  gives  amateurs 
and  Scouts  worldwide  a  chance 
to  listen  to  or  talk  with  other 
scouts  and  in  some  cases  where 


154     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


equipment  is  available  for  slow- 
scan  television,  to  see  them, 
also.  By  the  way,  this  also  in* 
eludes  Girl  Scouts,  Guides,  and 
all  Scout  leaders 

Hams  invite  Scout  groups  to 
their  shacks  for  the  occasion,  or 
Scouts  seek  out  hams.  Amateur 
radio  clubs  have  lists  of  their 
members,  and  a  list  of  such 
clubs  is  available  from  the 
ARRL  Attn:  Sally  O'Dell,  Direc- 
tor Youth  Activities,  225  Main 
Street,  Newington  CT  06111. 
Send  an  SASE  with  your  re- 
quest.  Hams  may  contact  local 
Scout  offices  for  names  of 
Scout  leaders  in  their  neighbor- 
hoods. Look  for  stations  operat- 
ing at  camporees  and  other 
Scout  events,  K2BSAT  the  na- 
tional headquarters  amateur 
radio  club  station,  and  HB9S, 
the  world  Scout  Bureau  station- 
Most  operations  will  occur 
during  the  period  of  0001  GMT 
Saturday  to  2400  GMT  Sunday, 
but  since  this  is  not  a  contest, 
operations  may  start  Friday 
and  go  into  Monday.  There  is 
no  required  contact  format,  no 
specific  exchange,  just  Scout- 
ing fun.  All  operations  must, 
however,  adhere  to  FCC  rules 
and  regulations. 

FREQUENCIES: 
Scout  frequencies  published 


by  the  World  Bureau  are  as 
follows: 

Phone— 3740, 7090, 7230,  1 4290, 
21360,  28990. 

CW— 3590,    3750,   7030,    7130, 
14070.  21140,  28190. 
SSTV  and  RTTY  on  usual  fre- 
quencies. 

Since  the  3740  and  7090  phone 
frequencies  are  outside  the  USA 
phone  bands,  overseas  stations 
using  those  frequencies  may 
listen  inside  adjacent  USA 
phone  bands  or  respond  to  CW 
calls. 

Postcard-size  certificates  de- 
signed by  an  Australian  Scouter 
and  issued  by  the  World  Bureau 
are  available  from  JOTA  Coor- 
dinator Harry  Harchar  W2GNDr 
216  Maxwell  Avenue,  Htghts- 
town  NJ  08520,  for  anyone  par- 
ticipating. Send  an  SASE  with 
sufficient  postage  for  their 
return,  one  ounce  per  eight 
cards.  They  may  be  requested 
before  the  JOTA  weekend  for 
distribution  then,  or  for  award  at 
Scout  Courts  of  Honor  or  other 
meetings. 

Logs  or  lists  of  participants 
are  not  required,  but  reports  of 
activity  and  photos  are  welcome 
for  inclusion  in  the  BSA  report  to 
the  World  Bureau  and  possible 
use  in  Scout  publications,  Send 
them  to  the  JOTA  Coordinator 
mentioned  above. 


RESULTS 


10TH  ANNUAL  COUNTY  HUNTERS  SSB  CONTEST 

Plaques  to  be  awarded  to  the  highest-scoring  fixed  US  or 
Conadian  station,  DX  station  and  mobile  station,  and  second 
highest-scoring  mobile  station.  Certificates  to  the  top  10  fixed 
and  mobile  stations  in  the  US  and  Canada  and  to  the  highest- 
scoring  station  in  each  DX  country. 


Filed  Station 

Mobile 

Station 

N7TT 

5,680,752 

N4UF 

1,049,489 

AG9S 

3,204,720 

WA5DTK 

1,034,150 

WB3CFD 

1.481,063 

WBGCQO 

131,500 

VE1RG 

1,292,988 

WGQWS 

127,655 

W1CHA 

638,768 

(check  log) 

W9CAM 

414,630 

W1EX2 

67,130 

W3ARK 

275,850 

AC8Y 

49.410 

K9GDF 

165,750 

K3LHD 

23,655 

WB6GMM 

137,000 

KS0AQS 

14,300 

WB3IET 

46,464 

W2PDM 

6J20 

DX  Station 

WB5KEA/KP4 

2,801 1568 

SM0CHA 

111,650 

I2PHN 

514,400 

CT1TZ 

81f900 

SM5CAK 

241,380 

CT1UA 

78t240 

CT7SL 

173,679 

G4HBI 

53,060 

GW3CDH 

140,400 

SM4DHF 

36,938 

CALENDAR 


Oct  3-4 
Oct  10-11 
Oct1M8 
Oct  17-18 
Oct  1  MS 
Oct  17-18 
Oct  24-25 
Nov  7*8 
Nov  7-8 
Nov  8 
Nov  8 
Nov  14-15 
Nov  28-29 
Dec  26-31 
Jan  9 
Jan  10 
Jan  16-17 
Jan  16-17 


California  QSO  Party 

Nine-land  QSO  Party 

Minnesota  OSO  Party 

Scout  Jamboree  Onthe-Alr 

Pennsylvania  QSO  Party 

QRP  ARC  International  CW  QSO  Party 

CO  World  Wide  OX  Contest— Phone 

Antigua  and  Barbuda  Independence  QSL  Party 

IPA  Contest 

DARC  Corona— 1 -meter  RTTY 

OK  DX  Contest 

European  DX  Contest— RTTY 

CQ  World  Wide  DX  Contest— CW 

G-ORP  Club  Winter  Sports 

73* s  40-Meter  Phone  Contest 

73's  80*Meter  Phone  Contest 

73's  international  16  Meter  Phone  Contest 

international  SSTV  Contest 


OSL  OF  THE  MONTH 

This  month's  winner  was  submitted  by  Andy  Schaefer 
N7AST  of  Hackensack  MN  and  Mesa  AZ, 

H  you  would  like  to  enter  the  contest,  put  your  QSL  in  an 
envelope  and  mail  it  along  with  your  choice  of  a  book  from 
7Js  Radio  Bookshop  to  73  Magaztne,  Pine  Street,  Peterbor- 
ough NH  03458.  Attention:  QSL  of  the  Month.  Entries  which 
do  not  use  an  envelope  (the  Postal  Service  does  occasionally 
damage  cards)  and  do  not  specify  book  choice  will  not  be  con- 
sidered. Sorry. 


73  Magazine  •  October.  1981     155 


QRP  ARCI  CW  QSO  PARTY 

Starts:  1200  GMT  October  17 
Ends:  2400  GMT  October  18 

The  contest  is  open  to  all 
amateurs  and  all  are  eligible  for 
the  awards.  Stations  may  be 
worked  once  per  band  for  QSO 
and  multiplier  credits.  Partici- 
pants must  be  off  the  air  at  least 
12  hours  in  not  less  than  frhour 
periods, 

EXCHANGE: 
Members  —  RST,       state- 

provinee-country,  and  QRP 
number.  Nonme  rubers— RST, 
state-province-country,  and 
power  output.  Novices  and 
Technicians  add  /N  or  fT  after 
the  QRP  number  or  power. 

SCORINQ: 

Each  member  QSO  counts  5 
points  regardless  of  location, 
Nonrnembersr  QSOs  are  2  points 
with  US  and  Canadian  stations; 
others  are  4  points  each.  Non- 
member  Novice  and  Technician 
contacts  count  3  points.  Multi- 
pliers are  as  follows:  4  5 
Watts—  x  2;  34  Watts—  x  4;  2-3 
Watts— x  6;  1-2  Watts—  x  8; 
less  than  1  Watt— x  10.  Sta- 
tions are  eligible  for  the  follow- 


ing  bonus  multipliers:  if  100% 
natural  power  (solar,  wind,  etc.) 
with  no  storage,  x2;  il  100% 
battery  power,  x  1 .5.  Final  score 
is  total  QSO  points  times  Iota! 
number  of  states-province* 
countries  per  band  times  the 
power  multiplier  and  times  the 
bonus  multiplier  (if  any). 

FREQUENCIES: 

181G\  3560,  7040,  14060,  21060, 

28060.  50360, 

Novice/Tech  — 3710,    7110, 

21110,28110, 

All   frequencies  plus/minus  to 

clear  QRM, 

Note:  VHRUHF  contacts  must 

be  direct— no  repeater  contacts 

are  allowed. 

A  WARDS: 

Certificates  to  the  highest 
scoring  station  in  each  state, 
province,  or  country  with  2  or 
more  entries.  One  certificate  to 
highest-scoring  Novice/Techni- 
cian overall. 

LOGS  AND  ENTRIES: 

Send  full  log  data,  including 
full  name,  address,  and  bands 
used,  plus  work  sheet  showing 
details  and  time(s} off  the  air.  No 


log  copies  will  be  returned. 
Please  indicate  if  you  are  a 
Novice  or  Technician.  All  entries 
desiring  results  and  scores 
please  enclose  a  business-size 
envelope  with  return  postage.  It 
is  a  condition  of  entry  that  the 
decision  of  the  QRP  ARC!  Con- 
test Chairman  is  final  in  case  of 
dispute.  Logs  must  be  received 
by  November  20th  to  qualify. 
Send  all  logs  and  data  to:  QRP 
ARCI  Contest  Chairman  William 
W.  Dickerson  WA2JOC,  352 
Crampton  Drive,  Monroe  Ml 
48161, 

PENNSWANIA  QSO  PARTY 

1700  GMT  October  17  to  0400 
GMT  October  18 

1300  GMT  October  18  to  2200 
GMT  October  18 

Sponsored  by  the  Nittany 
Amateur  Radio  Club,  this  is  the 
24th  annual  event .  Stations  may 
be  worked  once  on  each  band 
on  each  mode.  Mobiles  may  be 
reworked  as  they  change  coun- 
ties. Repeater  contacts  do  not 
count. 

EXCHANGE: 

RSfO.  3-digit  sequential  serial 
number,  and  ARRL  section  or 
Pennsylvania  county. 


FREQUENCIES: 

SSB— 3980,  7280,  14280,  21380, 

285&0. 

CW— 40  kHz  up  from  bottom  of 

CW  bands, 

SCORING: 

Count  1  point  for  SSB  QSOs, 
1.5  points  for  CW  QSOs,  and  2 
points  tor  80-meter  CW  QSOs. 
Pennsylvania  stations  multiply 
QSO  points  by  the  total  number 
of  ARRL  sections,  plus  the  total 
number  of  Pennsylvania  coun- 
ties, plus  a  maximum  of  one  DX 
country.  Others  multiply  QSO 
points  by  the  total  number  of 
Pennsylvania  counties  worked. 
Mobiles  in  Pennsylvania  calcu- 
late their  total  for  each  county 
and  then  add  these  county 
totals  together  for  the  final 
score. 

AWARDS: 

Handsome  plaques  will  be 
awarded  to  the  top  Pennsylva- 
nia and  out-of-state  entrants. 
Certificates  for  section  winners 
and  the  10  top  Pennsylvania  en- 
trants with  a  minimum  of  10 
QSOs,  Special  club  award:  An 
engraved  gavel  will  be  awarded 
to  the  Pennsylvania  club  whose 
members  score  the  highest  ag- 
gregate scores  in  the  contest. 


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156     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


Ge  sure  to  indicate  club  affilia- 
tion on  your  togs! 

ENTRIES: 

Dupe  sheets  are  required  for 
entries  with  100  QSOs  or  more. 
Mail  togs,  dupe  sheets,  com- 
ments, and  an  SASE  (for  results) 
by  November  15th  to:  Douglas  R. 
Nladdox  W3HDH,  1 187  a  Garner 
Street,  State  College  PA  16801. 


MINNESOTA  QSO  PARTY 

Starts:  1700  GMT  October  17 
Ends:  2259  GMT  October  18 

This  year's  contest  is  spon- 
sored by  a  newly- formed  club  in 
the  Brainerd,  Minnesota,  area, 
the  Paul  Bunyan  Wireless  Asso- 
ciation. There  are  no  mode  or 
time  restrictions,  but  only  one 
transmitter  is  allowed  in  opera- 
tion at  one  time.  No  crossband 
contacts  are  allowed.  Novices 
compete  with  Novices,  Techni- 
cians with  other  Technicians. 
Phone  and  CW  are  considered 
the  same  contest  — please 
score  as  such.  Net  QSOs  are  not 
valid! 

EXCHANGE: 

RS(T)and  ARRLsection;coun- 
try  or  Minnesota  county. 

FREQUENCIES: 

Phone— 3933,    7233,    14300. 

21433,  28633. 

CW— 3633,    3733,    7033r    7133, 

14033,    21033,    21133,    28033, 

28133. 

SCORING: 

Minnesota  stations  multiply 
total  number  of  contacts  times 
the  number  of  sections  and  DX 
countries.  Others  multiply  num- 
ber of  QSOs  by  the  number  of 
Minnesota  counties  worked. 
Score  one  point  for  phone  QSOs 
and  two  points  for  CW  QSOs. 
Any  contact  with  AD0S  counts 
10  points  per  QSO  on  each  band, 
80  through  10  meters.  If  you  con- 
tact ADOS  on  3  or  more  bands, 
add  25  points  bonus! 

ENTRIES: 

Logs  must  include  date/time 
in  GMT,  bands,  modes,  and  ex- 
changes. Logs  must  be  post- 
marked no  later  than  November 
20th  and  addressed  to:  Paul 
Bunyan  Wireless  Association, 
cio  Steven  Scott  WD0EPE,  801 
6th  Street  North.  Staples  MN 
56479,  Include  a  business-size 
SASE  for  returns.  Usual  disquali- 
fication and  awards  procedures. 

Continued 


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Have  you  waited  to  get  into 

code  reading  until  you  found 
out  what  this  latest  fad  was 
about?  you  can  stop  waiting, 
because  it's  no  longer  a  fad. 

Amateurs  everywhere 
are  tossing  the  gigantic 
clanking  monsters  of  yester- 
year that  once  performed 
the  job  of  reading 
radioteietvpe.  They  are  trad- 
ing them  in  for  state-of-the- 
art  code-reading  devices 
that  are  incredibly  small, 
noiseless  if  desired  and  in- 
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their  antique  predecessors, 

Kantronics,  the  leader  in 
code-reading  development, 
has  just  introduced  the  latest 
and  most-advanced  break- 
through in  the  copying  of 
Morse  code,  radtoteletype 
and  ASCII  computer  langu- 
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The  Kantronics  Mini* 
Reader  reads  all  three  types 
of  code,  displays  code  speed, 
keeps  a  24-hour  clock,  acts  as 
a  radioteietype  demodulator 
and  reads  all  of  its  decoded 
information  out  on  a  travel- 
ing display  of  10  easy-to-read 
characters.  It  is  so  compact 
that  it  fits  in  a  handheld, 
calculator-size  enclosure 

At  $314.95,  the  Mini-Read- 
er outperforms  anything 
within  another  $400  of  its 
price  range. 

Call  or  visit  your  Authoriz- 
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find  out  what  the  latest  in 
technology  has  done  to 
code-reading. 


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M'See  List  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     157 


1st  ANNUAL  40  AND 
80-METER  PHONE  CONTEST 

SPONSORS: 

73  Magazine,  Peterborough,  New  Hampshire  03458 

CONTEST  PERIODS: 

40-Meter  Event— OOOOZ  to  2400Z  January  9,  1982 
80-Meter  Event— OOOOZ  to  2400Z  January  10,  1982 

MISCELLANEOUS  RULES: 

Work  as  many  stations  as  possible  on  40-  and/or  80-meter 
phone  during  the  specified  times  of  allowable  operation.  The 
same  station  may  be  worked  once  on  each  band,  Crossmode 
contacts  will  not  count.  Single-operator  stations  may  operate 
a  total  of  16  hours  on  each  band.  Ail  multi-operator  stations 
may  operate  the  entire  24-hour  period  on  each  band.  Off 
periods  must  be  noted  in  your  togs  and  on  your  summary 
sheet.  Off  periods  are  no  less  than  30  minutes  each. 

OPERATOR  CLASSES: 

(A)  Single-operator,  single  transmitter,  phone  only 

(B)  Multi-operator,  single  transmitter,  phone  only 

ENTRY  CATEGORIES: 

(1)  40-meter  band  only 

(2)  80-meter  band  only 

(3)  40-  and  80-meter  bands 

EXCHANGE: 

Stations  within  the  continental  US  and  Canada  transmit  an 
RS  report  and  state,  province  or  territory.  Ail  other  stations,  in- 
cluding Alaska  and  Hawaii,  transmit  RS  report  and  DX  country, 

POtNTS: 

A  station  may  be  worked  once  on  each  band.  US/VE  stations 
earn  1  QSO  point  per  contact  with  the 48  states  and  Canada,  2 
points  for  all  others,  DX  stations  (including  Alaska  and 
Hawaii)  earn  1  QSO  point  per  contact  within  your  own  coun- 


try, 2  points  for  all  others.  Contacts  made  between  1000  and 
1400  local  time  score  twice  the  normal  points  per  contact.  In- 
dicate points  per  contact  on  your  log  sheet. 

MULTIPLIERS: 

t  multiplier  point  is  earned  for  each  US  state  (48  max.),  each 
Canadian  province  or  territory  (12  max.),  or  each  DX  country 
worked  on  each  band. 

FINAL  SCORE: 

Total  QSO  points  times  totai  multiplier  points  equals  claimed 
score. 

CONTEST  ENTRIES: 

Each  contest  entry  must  include  a  log  for  each  band  in  your 
entry  category,  a  dupe  sheet  for  each  band,  a  contest  sum- 
mary, and  a  multiplier  checklist  for  each  band.  We  recom- 
mend that  contestants  send  for  a  copy  of  the  contest  forms. 
Enclose  an  SASE  to  the  contest  address  listed  below. 

ENTRY  DEADLINE: 

All  entries  must  be  postmarked  no  later  than  February  11, 
1982. 

DISQUA  UFICA  TIONS: 

Omission  of  any  required  entry  form,  operating  in  excess  of 
legal  power,  manipulating  of  contest  scores  or  times  to 
achieve  a  score  advantage,  or  failure  to  omit  duplicate  con- 
tacts which  would  reduce  the  overall  score  more  than  2%  are 
all  grounds  for  immediate  disqualification. 

AWARDS: 

Contest  awards  will  be  issued  in  each  entry  category  in  each 
of  the  continental  US  states,  Canadian  provinces  and  ter- 
ritories, and  each  DX  country  represented.  A  minimum  of  5 
hours  and  50  QSOs  must  be  worked  to  be  eligible  for  contest 
awards. 

CONTEST  ADDRESS: 

Send  an  SASE  to:  Whidbey  Island  DX  Club 

2665  North  Busby  Road 
Oak  Harbor,  Washington  98277 


SQUELCH  TALES 

SAN  DIEGO  REPEATER  ASSOCIATION 


TOLUHE   a: 


.1UHE.      I  SSI 


HVJflttLH     ■"■ 


SANDRA  HAMS  SCORE  IN  EMERGENCY 

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«n  pi  ify  trxg       the    puUlie    fl«rvlc«    *f 1  i  i  r     sr<!    rc^n  ur  -*  f  alnoai    a£     Amat*ut 

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lus  TGunria  del  ivrr  KuJ  m  1 1  k  \n  -^unpidf  n  (  »s  *&r  ahj  i  sJmonta  ,  obstived  Lti© 
hLirt  ai  £  fill,  on  til*  fl-SCarli  SL£>ry  ul  »  Small  ttiitiJ  *t  ISth  and  J 
Ln  invnL^wi  ian  iJlofo.  Fl*cL  «n  T  hf  ^*na  ,  ha  fc*  ycd  up  the  JiXEsDflA  *1L , 
ClT.a>  repeater,  j  4  fi  -  0  4  /*  4  .  i*i  tJi  hlL  aol-iln  (lffl  .  H-  l**1*rj  ia».*  [  y  r^L^ed 
MhSKIC,    Jfie    HlUirson,    Jr,.    whg    pcnu^tly    natlfiid    ths    fir*   depir  tm*nt . 

Lenny  meanwhile  cntrrri  the  tmlidjfcgr  a  taa  V*  h  L  h  >  fcS  sL"fpt..q  r^Ricien  ts 
an*    fl 5 k  i  j:  I  i-:1    r*l:j-riy    pwpli    La    toaHttf. 

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Ma-pa  r  trn  an  t  art  Ned  promptly,  Bay  In?  those  ir*PF*^  nn  *  second  staiy 
lift  #Bc*r»P  and  ealv*q  Jng  thre*  fourths  qI  tits  air  uomr*  .  Ttia  only 
seuuus  injuty  hJE,  Lu  a  jerKliWiiri  Lh<i  cutfered  J  Eractuted  pfclvlB  and 
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Arn-tour    r*4i?   «y   h»v*   s^v*d   «»ny    lives   heie. 

NUT     MEETING 

Okif    h**l      m  *mb  b.  f  ah  I  p      usetinq     yiil,    tuf    held    June    J.  9f        J:  Ifi     FTIj       at       [tie 
North    Part    3*c  tta  tian    Onter  ,       4044    IdatlO    St.,      iSJ-l     things    being    c^ubl  , 
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aft    return     fEcff!     ti^vtflin^    by    QrHC&V    *1'1'     W»*^i 

V....I      quie^rinns:    will     tor     muwrn).     June    S-.^SilS    th*t     jJj     y^u    want    -o    in\t 
JtMf^L       Jaeu-Ja    t!t*l    »*y    h*i»B    r.ju     rec«nt    rulihgij       Le'.    her     *h^i-   *f       ?'■/ 
SflTR     in    sdvnrn:*    sa    that     t  e-aeftc^Si    ran    Ij*    ra»d<     If    nttBiaiTf. 

VOK     POP 

VOX    POP.       BfrJHflbfll     ^r/«    hj.q,ri    imhnnl     LaiJii?      ViK    popyl  1  ,       '  '  hr    vflicu    or 

npln(on    &t     tn*    pfiqpj»*^       sho  bed     ^P    crt    i^MlH^    •■  ••-     .Lh«r    n  l^  r.-  .        Fee 

:.ui      l<:dJ    dH  1l-]m    fnrf    Uie    r»Bult^ 


NEWSLETTER  CONTEST  WINNER 

Does  your  club  want  a  newsletter  but  can1!  find  a  way  to 
pay  for  it?  You  should  consider  the  approach  that  is  used  in 
Squelch  Tales,  the  monthty  newsletter  of  the  San  Diego 
Repeater  Association.  By  selling  advertising,  they  are  able  to 
meet  or  exceed  the  cost  of  publishing  their  newsletter.  This 
seems  to  work  well  for  other  clubs,  too;  about  one  in  three  of 
the  club  newsletters  sent  to  73  contains  advertising. 

The  edition  of  Squelch  Tales  that  we  selected  was  24  pages 
long— nine  of  those  pages  were  ads.  The  clubf  which  has 
almost  900  members,  charges  $30  for  a  full  page,  $15.00  for  a 
%  page  and  $7,50  for  a  %  page  or  busmess-card-slze  ad. 
Advertisers  are  encouraged  to  submit  their  own  layouts  and 
artwork,  but  the  newsletter  will  also  provide  assistance  free  of 
charge. 

Advertising  can  be  a  good  shot  in  the  arm  for  a  club  budget, 
provided  the  job  is  done  right.  First  and  foremost,  the  ads 
won't  sell  themselves.  The  newsletter  staff  will  need  to  con- 
tact prospective  advertisers  and  then  convince  them  of  the 
merits  of  spending  money  to  reach  the  club's  members.  Likely 
candidates  include  the  local  ham  gear  dealer,  electronics 
parts  stores,  and  surplus  houses.  After  all,  this  is  where  hams 
spend  their  money- 

The  cost  of  advertising  should  reflect  the  size  of  your  club, 
the  quality  of  the  newsletter,  and  most  important  of  allt  the 
additional  expense  that  is  involved  when  you  run  the  ad.  It 


158     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


ANNUAL  INTERNATIONAL 
160-METER  PHONE  CONTEST 

SPONSORS: 

73  Magazine,  Peterborough,  New  Hampshire  03458 

CONTEST  PERIOD: 

ODOOZ  January  16,  1982,  to  2400Z  January  17,  1982 

OBJECT: 

To  work  as  many  stations  as  possible  on  160-meter  phone  in  a 
maximum  of  36  hours  of  allowable  contest  time.  Multi-opera- 
tor stations  may  operate  the  full  48-hour  contest  period.  Sta- 
tions may  be  worked  only  once! 

ENTRY  CATEGORIES: 

(1)  Single  operator,  single  transmitter,  phone  only  (2)  Multi-op- 
erator, single  transmitter,  phone  only 

EXCHANGE; 

Stations  within  the  continental  US  and  Canada  transmit  RS 
report  and  state,  provinces  or  territory  (i.e.,  59  Iowa,  55  On- 
tario, etc.).  All  others  transmit  RS  report  and  DX  country. 

POINTS: 

Five  (5)  points  will  be  earned  for  each  valid  contact  with  sta- 
tions in  the  continental  US  and  Canada.  DX  contacts  outside 
the  continental  US  and  Canada  score  ten  (10)  points  each. 
This  year  for  the  first  time,  an  additional  5  points  bonus  may 
be  earned  for  each  contact  made  during  the  hours  of 
7000-1400  focal  time  on  either  day  of  the  contest. 

MULTIPLIERS: 

1  multiplier  point  will  be  earned  for  each  of  the  48  continental 
states,  twelve  (12)  Canadian  provinces/territories,  and  DX 
countries  outside  the  continental  US  and  Canada  worked  dur- 
ing the  contest. 


FINAL  SCORE: 

Total  QSO  points  times  total  multiplier  points  equals  claimed 
score. 

CONTEST  ENTRIES: 

Each  contest  entry  must  include  togsheets,  dupe  sheets  for 
100  contacts  or  more,  a  contest  summary  sheet  and  a 
multiplier  check  sheet.  Please  note  those  contacts  made  be- 
tween 1000-1 400  local  time  so  you'll  be  sure  to  get  appropriate 
contest  credit. 

ENTRY  DEADLINE: 

All  entries  must  be  postmarked  no  later  than  February  18r 
1982. 

DX  WINDOW: 

Stations  are  expected  to  observe  the  DX  window  from 
1.825-1.830  MHz  as  mutually  agreed  by  top-band  operators. 
Stations  in  the  US  and  Canada  are  asked  not  to  transmit  in 
this  5-kHz  segment  of  the  band. 

DISQUALIFICATION: 

If  contestant  omits  any  required  entry  form,  operates  in  ex- 
cess of  the  legal  power  authorized  for  his/her  given  area, 
manipulates  operating  times  to  achieve  a  score  advantage,  or 
fails  to  omit  duplicate  contacts  which  may  reduce  the  overall 
score  more  than  2%,  disqualification  may  result. 

AWARDS: 

Contest  awards  wilJ  be  issued  in  each  entry  category  in  each 
of  the  continental  US  states,  Canadian  provinces/territories, 
and  each  DX  country.  A  minimum  of  5  hours  and  50  QSOs 
must  be  worked  to  be  eligible  for  contest  awards. 

CONTEST  ADDRESS: 

To  obtain  information,  entry  forms,  or  to  submit  a  contest  en- 
try, forward  a  self-addressed  stamped  envelope  to: 

160-Meter  Phone  Contest 

Dan  Murphy  WA2GZB 

Post  Office  Box  195 

Andover  NJ  07821  USA 


doesn't  make  much  sense  to  sell  an  ad  for  less  money  than  it 
costs  to  print  and  mail. 

A  good  rule  of  thumb  is  that  the  revenue  from  one  page  of 
advertising  should  pay  for  two  or  three  pages  of  the  newslet- 
ter. For  example,  a  10-page  newsletter  that  costs  $60  to  print 
and  mail  might  have  four  pages  of  ads  costing  $20  each.  To 
keep  the  readers  happy,  you  can't  replace  editorial  material 
with  ads.  Nor  can  you  expect  advertisers  to  pay  a  small  for 
tune  to  reach  a  handful  of  people. 

Advertising  alone  does  not  make  a  good  newsletter. 
Squelch  Tales,  like  our  eartier  winners,  has  a  nice  mix  of  club 
news,  technical  tips,  and  humor.  One  nice  touch  is  a  classi- 
fied section  in  which  members  can  list  gear  The  success  of 
this  newsletter  is  largely  the  result  of  a  hardworKing  staff. 
Editor  W6GIC  has  been  associated  with  the  publication  for 
ten  years.  Her  enthusiasm  is  matched  by  that  of  W6UZL  who, 
as  a  retiree,  has  plenty  of  time  to  gather  the  news.  Rounding 
out  the  team  is  WA6IPW,  who  uses  his  background  as  a  print- 
er to  ensure  that  each  new  edition  looks  professional  yet  is 
reasonable  in  cost. 

If  your  club  is  suffering  from  newsletter  blues,  perhaps  an 
injection  of  advertising  will  help.  This  revenue,  combined  with 
some  hard  work,  will  yield  a  publication  that  members  can 
look  forward  to  receiving  each  month.  For  those  of  you  work- 
ing on  newsletters:  Keep  up  the  good  work  and  make  sure  that 
your  club's  publication  is  being  sent  to  73.— N8RK. 


MM  HELP 


I  need  manuals  or  schematic 
and  alignment  data  on  the 
Knight  Star  Roamer  and  the 
Hallicrafters  S-38  4<DT1  receivers. 
Xerox  copies  will  be  OK. 

O.  L.  Sabetto  W8ZXG 

1717  Burgess  Road 

Cleveland  OH  44112 

I  am  looking  for  software  and 
equipment  compatible  with  a 
NorthStar  Horizon  computer  to 
work  RTTY.  All  help  appreciated. 

Marc  Rubin 

16692  Bolero  Lane 

Huntington  Beach  CA  92649 

I  am  in  need  of  manuals  or 
any  information  on  the  following 


equipment:  Data  Engineering, 
Inc.,  Space-Matic  Electronic 
keyer;  Kyokuto  FM  144-10SXRII 
2-meter  FM  synthesized  rig;  and 
Ebina  Electronics  Corp.  M7505 
10-kHz-30-MHz  frequency  count- 
er. I  will  pay  for  copy  or  copy  and 
return. 

Bob  Carson  N8CUX 
Box  364 

Smithfield  OH  43946 

I  would  fike  to  get  in  touch 
with  amateurs  interested  in 
Esperanto,  the  auxiliary  lan- 
guage, for  the  purpose  of  form- 
ing an  international  ham  net. 

Ernest  Black  K2REV 
1265  Reservoir  Road 
Saugerties  NY  12477 


73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981     159 


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HY-GAfN  V2  2  meter  vertical 

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KANTRONICS  Mml-Reader 

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UCC-1   (38. 50  Baste  down  converter,  complete 
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SMC-2  $53.95  SMC-1  package  with  the  HOT-1 
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ANT-2$20  00  Disks  and  spacers  for  32  e Foment, 
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HOT-1  $1000  NEG4535  High  performance  flF 
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TU4  $44.95  Deluxe  PS  kit,  includes  case,  PER-1 
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TU-6A  $54.95  PS  with  PER-1. 
M0D-2  $9.00  Fix  kit  for  brand-X  converters. 

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73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     161 


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162     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


FCC 


INQUIRY  BEGUN  ON  SPREAD- 
SPECTRUM  MODULATION  IN 
AMATEUR  RADIO  SERVICE 
(DOCKET  NO.  81-414) 

The  Commission  has  begun 
an  inquiry  and  rulemaking  into 
whether  to  aliow  certain  ama- 
teur radio  users  to  use  spread- 
spectrum  modulation  tech- 
niques. 

ln  another  action,  the  Com- 
mission Is  exploring  the  broader 
area  of  wideband  technologies, 
including  spread  spectrum,  and 
said  the  inqulry/rulemaktng  in- 
volving amateurs  would  provide 
the  FCC  with  useful  data  about 
the  performance  of  such  tech- 
niques in  the  presence  of  other 
communications  systems. 

Wideband  modulation  tech- 
niques differ  from  conventional 
modulation  schemes— such  as 
amplitude  modulation  (AM)  and 
frequency  modulation  (FM) — in 
that  the  bandwidth  of  the  trans- 
mitted signal  is  much  wider  than 
the  bandwidth  of  the  informa- 
tion being  sent.  Because  of  the 
increased  bandwidth,  such 
techniques  are  implidUy  prohib- 
ited by  current  rules. 

Spread-spectrum  techniques 
were  originally  developed  for 
military  applications  concern- 
ing covert  communications 
and/or  resistance  to  jamming. 
The  radio  frequency  signal 
transmitted  in  a  spread-spec- 
trum system  occupies  a  very 
large  bandwidth,  perhaps  many 
megahertz,  as  compared  to  the 
information  signal's  bandwidth. 
This  wide  bandwidth  provides 
for  a  military  signal  that  is  very 
hard  to  detect  or  jam. 

The  Commission  concluded 


that  spread  spectrum  might  of- 
fer unique  advantages  to  civilian 
communications  users  also. 
The  coding  techniques  used  in 
spread-spectrum  systems,  for 
example,  allow  message  priva- 
cy, selective  addressing,  and 
code  division  multiple  access 
(many  users  simultaneously). 
These  fast  two  advantages  pro- 
vide the  user  the  ability  to  selec- 
tively access  only  one  or  a  frac- 
tion of  the  total  number  of  re- 
ceivers sharing  the  same  spec- 
trum.  Spreading  the  signai  at 
the  transmitter  and  collapsing  it 
at  the  receiver  results  in  a  low 
signal  power  density  and  helps 
the  system  reject  interference. 
These  features  suggest  the  fea- 
sibility of  overlaying  spread 
spectrum  on  occupied  spec- 
trum, leading  to  increased  spec- 
tral efficiency. 

In  March,  the  Commission's 
Private  Radio  Bureau  authorized 
the  Amateur  Radio  Research 
and  Development  Corporation 
(AMRADJ  to  conduct  limited 
tests  using  spread-spectrum 
modulation.  When  this  special 
temporary  authority  expires, 
AMRAD  must  submit  its  find- 
ings to  the  Commission,  which 
will  consider  them  in  this 
proceeding. 

Experimenting  will  be  limited 
to  amateur  Extra  and  Advanced 
class  licensees,  whose  mem- 
bers have  been  tested  in  ad- 
vanced phases  of  radio  elec- 
tronics. Because  spread-spec- 
trum systems  are  inherently 
more  complex  than  narrowband 
systems,  the  Commission  said 
these  licensees  were  best  quali- 
fied to  build  and  operate  the 


necessary  equipment  so  as  not 
to  interfere  with  other  radio 
users.  (Material  covering 
spread-spectrum  techniques 
will  be  added  to  future  amateur 
Extra  and  Advanced  class 
tests.) 

Due  to  legal  and  technical 
considerations,  the  Commis- 
sion proposes  authorizing 
spread'Spectrum  modulation 
only  in  the  50-54-MHz,  144- 
148-MHz,  and  220-225  MHz 
bands.  However,  it  welcomes  re- 
quests for  special  temporary  au~ 
thority  to  perform  limited  experi- 
ments in  the  amateur  bands 
above  225  MHz. 

The  Commission  will  not  limit 
system  design,  but  onfy  pro- 
poses that  a  system's  author- 
ized bandwidth  be  equal  to  or 
less  than  the  width  of  the  ama- 
teur band  the  system  is  operat- 
ing In  and  be  contained  within 
that  band.  Although  no  interfer* 
ence  problems  are  anticipated, 
local  engineers-in-charge  will  be 


allowed  to  require  stations 
transmitting  spread-spectrum 
signals  to  cease  operation,  if 
necessary,  to  stop  interference. 
Provisions  to  facilitate  monitor- 
ing by  the  Field  Operations  Bu- 
reau and  by  other  amateurs  are 
proposed.  Commenters  may  ad- 
dress the  issue  of  interference 
potential  in  overlaying  spread 
spectrum  on  the  three  afore- 
mentioned bands, 

The  inquiry  notice  lists  ques- 
tions that  might  guide  those 
wishing  to  comment  in  this  pro- 
ceeding. Interested  persons 
should  obtain  a  copy  of  the 
notice. 

Action  by  the  Commission  by 
Notice  of  Inquiry  and  Proposed 
Rulemaking  (FCC  81-290},  Com- 
missioners Fowler  (Chairman), 
Lee,  and  Quello,  with  Commis- 
sioner Washburn  concurring 
and  issuing  a  statement.  For 
more  information,  contact  Mike 
Kennedy  at  (202^632-7073. 


MM  HELP 


Active  or  retired  police  ama- 
teur radio  operators  who  are 
members  or  potential  members 
of  the  International  Police  Asso- 
ciation interested  in  forming  an 
IPA  Ham  Radio  Net  please  con- 
tact the  Secretary-Treasurer  of 
IPA,  U.S.  Section,  Region  10,  at 
89  Oakridge  Avenue,  Nutley  NJ 
07110. 

Rudolph  A.  Deutsch  WA2MAU 

89  Oakridge  Ave. 
Nutley  NJ  07110 

I  am  in  need  of  a  service  man- 
ual and/or  operations  manual 
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Frank  Flohr 

1016  18th  Terrace 

Key  West  FL  33040 

(305^296-2555 

I  am  In  need  of  the  addresses 
for  the  following  companies; 
Ferroxcube,  Fair-  Rite  Products, 
and  Stackpole.  I  would  appreci- 
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can  tell  me  where  these  compa* 
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Norman  R,  Boyce  Jr. 

117  S,  Webb  Rd, 

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>*See  ust  of  Advertisers  on  page  1 30 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     163 


LOOKING  WEST 


BUI  Pasternak  WA6ITF 

do  The  Westlink  Radio  Network 

Suite  718 

7046  Hollywood  Blvd. 

Hollywood  CA  90028 

HOORAY  FOR  HOLLYWOOD 
DEPARTMENT 

About  a  year  and  a  half  ago, 
my  friend ,  Jim  Davis  KA6IUH. 
was  the  program  director  for 
Los  Angeles  radio  station 
KMPC.  Thanks  to  Jim,  I  had  a 
chance  to  meet  and  become 
friends  with  a  number  of  darn 
nice  people  involved  in  one  way 
or  another  with  the  KM  PC  opera- 
tion. Among  them  is  a  man 
named  Gary  Owens.  For  many 
years,  Gary  was  the  afternoon 
mainstay  of  KMPC,  though  I 
suspect  he  is  best  known  to  the 
rest  of  the  nation  as  the  "an- 
nouncer,"  with  his  hand  always 
to  his  ear,  on  the  old  Rowan  and 
Martin  "Laugh  In"  series.  Any- 
how, one  afternoon  while  I  was 
visiting  Jim  in  his  office,  I  asked 
if  he  minded  my  asking  Gary  if 
he  would  record  some  public 
service  announcements  about 
amateur  radio.  Jim  did  me  one 
better  He  suggested  we  both 
ask  Gary;  we  did,  and  Gary  gra- 
ciously agreed  to  do  them. 

That  evening,  I  called  Lenore 
Jensen  W6NAZ,  Lenore  is  the 
ARRL's  Los  Angeles  area  public 
information  assistant.  She's 
also  directly   responsible   for 


99.9%  of  all  the  amateur-radio- 
related  announcements  you 
hear  on  radio  and  see  on  TV,  We 
worked  out  the  details  of  what 
the  announcements  should  say, 
and  a  week  later  Gary,  Jim,  and  I 
recorded  the  copy  onto  tape.  A 
few  days  later,  my  organization 
the  Westlink  Radio  Network,  for- 
mally donated  these  recordings 
to  the  American  Radio  Relay 
League  for  use  in  their  ongoing 
campaign  to  foster  public  aware- 
ness of  amateur  radio.  Since 
then,  they  have  been  heard  on 
radio  stations  nationwide. 

in  early  July,  a  plaque  thank- 
ing  Gary  for  his  efforts  on  behalf 
of  all  amateur  radio  operators 
was  awarded  to  him  by  the  ARRL 
through  Lloyd  Sigmon  W6LQ. 
Having  Lloyd  be  the  presenter 
could  not  have  been  more  ap- 
propriate since  he  was  the  man 
in  charge  of  KMPC  when  Gary 
came  to  the  station  19  years 
ago.  Also  present  at  the  awards 
ceremony  were  Lenore  (W6NAZ) 
and  Bob  (W6VGQ)  Jensen.  After 
thanking  Lloyd  and  the  League 
for  the  recognition,  Gary  prom- 
ised  to  hook  up  a  code-practice 
oscillator  to  the  key,  and  prac- 
tice  a  bit  of  CW  with  it,  No,  Gary 
isn't  a  ham,  at  least,  not  yet.  But 
if  he  ever  decided  to  take  the 
plunge,  he  would  be  a  welcome 
addition  to  our  service, 

As  the  individual  who  insti- 
gated this  whole  affair,  I  also 


would  like  to  express  my  sincere 
gratitude  to  Gary.  People  in 
Gary's  position  are  constantly 
bombarded  with  requests  for 
similar  freebies.  I  know  a  num- 
ber of  people  who  flatly  reject 
any  such  request  for  any  reason, 
and  I  cannot  blame  them  fordo- 
ing so.  Remember,  In  the  case  of 
PSAs  such  as  ourst  virtually  ev- 
erything is  donated  including 
the  talent.  The  latter  is  usually 
the  most  expensive  part  of  pro- 
ducing a  commercial  of  any 
sort.  There's  a  Hollywood  say- 
ing which  goes,  klBig  names 
cost  big  bucks/'  and  this  is 
rightly  so  since  for  an  entertain- 
er or  air  personality,  his  or  her 
voice  and  appearance  are  their 
livelihood. 

What's  nice  is  that  a  person 
of  Gary's  caliber  and  standing 
has  as  hig  h  a  regard  for  our  hob* 
by  service  as  to  donate  his  tal- 
ent in  the  hope  that  we  can  grow 
and  prosper.  For  this,  I  can  only 
say  to  him  a  simple  but  mean- 
ingful, thank  you!  I  also  want  to 
thank  Jim  Davis  KA61UH  along 
with  Lenore  Jensen  W6NAZ, 
Putting  these  PSAs  together 
was  a  team  effort  and  everyone 
involved  deserves  a  hand. 


Famed  broadcaster  Gary  Owens  (left)  receives  a  Brass  Key  plaque 
from  Lloyd  Sigmon  WGLQ,  on  behalf  of  the  ARRL  (Photo  by  Bob 
Jensen  W6VGQJ 


A  SPECIAL  REPORT 

The  following  is  excerpted 
and  being  reprinted  from  the 
Spring,  1981  f  Southern  Califor- 
nia Repeater  Remote  Base  As- 
sociation Newsletter.  I  am  bring- 
ing  you  this  Information  for  sev- 
eral reasons.  First,  like  all  other 
bands,  the  420-  through  450- 
MHz  spectrum  is  facing  its  own 
form  of  crisis  in  many  geograph- 
ic areas,  and  herein  you  will  find 
the  details  of  how  one  group  of 
dedicated  radio  amateurs  plans 
to  deal  with  the  problems  that 
lie  ahead.  Second,  outside  of 
those  who  use  the  band  in 
Southern  California,  little  is 
known  by  the  outside  world. 
Through  this  input,  it  is  my  hope 
(and  I  suspect  that  of  SCRRBA 
as  well)  that  all  amateurs  will 
have  a  better  understanding  of 
the  need  for  ongoing  voluntary 
spectrum  management  to  pre- 
vent chaotic  conditions  from  de- 
veloping within  our  amateur 
relay  spectrum,  The  report  was 
prepared  by  Gordon  Schlessing- 
er  WA6LBV  of  SCRRBA's  Tech- 
nical Committee.  Due  to  its 
length  and  scope,  it  will  be  pre- 
sented in  several  parts.  First, 
some  background  for  those  of 
you  unfamiliar  with  the  group. 


Like  all  other  voluntary  spec- 
trum management  organizations 
in  California  (and  perhaps  na- 
tion wide)  the  SCRRBA  was  a 
child  of  the  original  California 
Amateur  Relay  Council.  From  it 
came  such  well  known  regional 
organizations  as  the  Northern 
Amateur  Relay  Council  and  the 
Southern  California   Repeater 
Association    (which    in    1978 
again  split  into  two  "special  in- 
terest" groups  now  known  as 
TASMA  and  220  -  SMA),  Over  the 
years,  this  column  has  followed 
the  political  motivation  leading 
to  these  changes  toward  region- 
al ization  and  specialization,  so  I 
will  not  repeat  them  here.  Those 
interested  can  find  more  detail 
by  reading  the  back  issues  of  73 
from  mid-1972  through  the  pres- 
ent. I  also  tried  to  detail  some  of 
the    history   of   California   fre- 
quency coordination  in  my  Prac- 
treat  Handbook  of  Amateur  Ra- 
dio  FM  and   Repeaters,   also 
available  from  73.  (Yet  another 
excellent  reference  is  "The  Re* 
mote  Base:  An  Alternative  To 
Repeaters."  authored  by  Gor- 
don Schlessinger  WA6LBV  and 
Bill  Kelsey  WA6FVC,  This  article 
appeared    in    the   April,    1977. 
issue  of  Ham  Radio  Magazine, 
While  technical  in  nature,  it  did 
spend  time  explaining  some  of 
the  colorful  history  of  UHF^elay 
communication  in  this  region) 


SCRRBA  REPORT,  PART  I 

For  the  Southern  California 
UHF  relay  community,  the  fu- 
ture is  now.  In  many  respects, 
the  future  arrived  yesterday.  We 
are  big;  we  are  complex,  and  we 
have  big  complex  problems  to 
be  faced.  Right  now.  Whether  or 
not  we  face  them,  whether  or 
not  we  solve  them,  will  entirely 
determine  if  we  will  continue  to 
operate  our  relay  systems  in  the 
future  as  we  have  in  the  pasL 
Let  there  be  absolutely  no  mis- 
understanding about  this:  A 
crisis  in  frequency  coordination 
is  already  upon  us. 

In  Southern  California,  we 
have  developed  a  pnenominal 
number  of  UHF  relay  systems, 
leading  to  the  virtually  complete 
utilization  of  the440-450*MHz  re- 
gion of  our  70cm  band.  This  fact 
alone  creates  unprecedented 
difficulties  for  the  Technical 
Committee  both  in  coordinating 
channel  pairs  for  new  systems 
and  in  managing  the  present  ar- 
ray of  coordinated  relay  sta- 
tions. 


164    73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


UHF  Frequency 

Coodination  In  Crisis 

"We  begin  with  data.  In 
Southern  California,  the  440-450 
portion  of  the  band  is  entirely 
used  for  'relay  station'  input  and 
output  channels.  The  420-431- 
MHz  portion  of  the  band,  which 
previously  supported  some  re- 
lay 'main  input  and  output' 
pairs,  has  now  been  devoted  en- 
tirely to  link  channels  and  a  co- 
shared  6-MHz  ATV  simplex 
channel-  The  431-440-MHz  por- 
tion is  utilized  for  'weak  signal 
DX  communications,  satelite 
work,  an  ATV  repeater  input 
channel  (output  on  1250  MHz), 
and  a  few  one-way  link  channels. 

"Within  the  440-450-MHz  por- 
tion of  the  band,  three  channel 
pairs  are  reserved  for  simplex 
operation  and  associated  spe- 
cial-purpose activities.  This  re- 
sults in  a  theoretical  197  pairs 
for  mobile  relay  channels  avail- 
able for  coordination. 


"At  the  present  time,  the 
Technical  Committee  frequency 
coordination  data  base  shows  a 
total  of  320  systems  coordi- 
nated to  these  197  pairs,  with 
several  additional  coordina- 
tions performed  but  not  yet  in* 
eluded  in  the  latest  computer 
printout.  We  therefore  have,  at 
present,  an  average  of  1.6  coor- 
dinated systems  per  channel 
pair.  Additionally,  there  is  a 
backlog  of  applications  await* 
ing  coordination,  for  which  sup- 
plemental data  has  been  re- 
quested and  has  not  yet  been 
received.  Finally,  we  are  receiv- 
ing a  relatively  constant  number 
of  completed  applications  for 
new  UHF  frequency  coordina- 
tions each  month.  In  the  near 
future,  we  will  exceed  an  aver- 
age of  2.0  systems  per  channel 

"Compounding  the  channel- 
loading  figures  are  some  sec- 
ondary considerations.  The 
band  was  initially  coordinated 


from  the  +top  down,"  with  the 
earliest  coordinated  systems 
utilizing  output  channels  in  the 
448-450-MHz  portion  of  the 
band,  (In  this  discussion,  only 
the  output  channel  frequencies 
will  be  mentioned;  the  input 
channels,  5  MHz  lower  in  fre- 
quency, are  implicitedly  includ- 
ed). Many  of  these  early  sys- 
tems lend  to  be  widely  utilized, 
often  by  individuals  who  hold 
cross-membership  in  other 
groups  as  well.  Consequently, 
the  top  end  of  the  440-450-MHZ 
band  is  already  entirely  filled. 
Additionally,  one  of  the  ostensi* 
ble  benefits  of  our  Southern  Cal- 
ifornia location  is  also  a  con- 
straint on  the  frequency-coordi- 
nation process.  High  perfor- 
mance, wide-coverage  systems 
coordinated  to  our  highest 
mountains,  dominate  a  channel 
over  much  of  the  populated 
Southern  California  land  area.  A 
channel  pair  which  is  in  use  on 
Santiago  Peak  or  other  moun- 


tains cannot  easily  be  co-shared 
with  another  system  anywhere 
else  in  the  Southern  California 
coastal  region.  Thus,  to  the 
degree  that  more  and  more  sys- 
tems are  established  on  these 
mountains,  the  number  of  chan* 
nel  pairs  available  to  be  coordi- 
nated elsewhere  in  Southern 
California  is  reduced. 

"Under  these  constraints,  the 
Technical  Committee  must  co- 
ordinate new  systems  onto 
channels  which  already  contain 
at  least  one  other  operational 
system  somewhere  in  Southern 
California.  On  this  basis  alone, 
there  are  potentially  very  large 
problems  in  UHF  frequency  co- 
ordination looming  ahead.  But 
there  are  additional  problems 
that  must  be  addressed." 

Next  month,  we  will  cover 
these  and  begin  to  look  at  possi- 
ble solutions  as  outlined  by 
SCRRBA  in  its  Special  Report. 


RTTY  LOOP 


Marcl.  Leavey,  MM.  WA3AJR 
4006  Winlee  Road 
Randalfstown  MD  21133 


Ah,  autumn!  The  leaves  out 
here  in  the  country  are  changing 
to  the  bright  collage  of  red  and 
gold,  and  I  find  myself  outside, 
spraying  WD-40  on  the  kids1 
swing  set  to  protect  the  pivot 
from  winter's  rust.  While  I  am 
outside,  I  often  hear  the  familiar 
rumble  of  the  postman's  truck. 
Lets  see  what  kind  of  goodies 
we  can  turn  up  in  this  month's 
mailbag. 

A  good  starting  point  is  this 
letter  from  Frederick  C.  Wood 
WB3JKC,  here  In  the  Baltimore 
area,  who  writes  about  his  at- 
tempt to  get  on  RTTY.  Fred 
states  that  he  is  "...twelve 
years  of  age  and  a  General  class 
license  holder/'  He  recently  ac- 
quired an  old  Model  19  Tele- 
type* machine,  along  with  an 
HF  transmitter  and  receiver.  A 
home-brew  demodulator  pro- 
vides good  receiving  copy,  but 
transmitting  Is  his  problem. 

Fred    Installed   the   circuit 
shown  in  Fig.  1  In  his  transmit- 
ter, but  has  the  following  ques- 
tions: 
1}  Where  do  I  connect  to  from 


the  FSK  unit  to  the  Modei  19  ma- 
chine keyboard?  I  do  not  have  a 
manual  for  the  Model  19 
machine. 

2)  To  obtain  the  170-Hz  shift, 
which  I  will  be  using  for  RTTY, 
simply,  what  are  the  adjustment 
procedures  for  the  trimmer  ca- 
pacitor and  the  100k  shift  pot? 

3)  Why  is  the  keyboard  grounded 
as  indicated? 

Fred  concludes  that  he  has 
been  unable  to  find  the  answers 
to  these  questions  despite  sev- 
eral months  of  reading,  and  signs 
himself  a  "frustrated  12-year- 
old."  I  know  that  others  have 
found  themselves  in  the  same 
situation  as  Fred;  let's  look  at 
the  answers  to  his  questions. 

To  begin  with,  the  Model  19, 
which  is  really  a  Teletype  Model 
15  with  tape  equipment,  pro- 
vides the  connection  for  the  key- 
board on  the  machine's  left  side, 
your  right  as  you  look  at  It,  on 
the  "30"  terminal  block.  This 
screw-terminal  block  has  six  ter- 
minals on  it,  numbered  31 
through  36,  and  the  keyboard  is 
brought  out  to  32  and  34. 


Now,  before  you  just  go  and 
hook  the  keyer  to  these  termi* 
nals,  there  is  one  more  item  you 
must  attend  to.  On  an  unmodi- 
fied Model  15  keyboard,  there  is 
a  filter,  officially  dubbed  a  "9222 
Filter,"'  which  serves  to  suppress 
sparking  at  the  keyboard  con- 
tacts. Composed  of  a  coil  and  a 
few  capacitors,  this  is  the  last 
thing  you  want  to  put  across  a 
shift-pot  circuit!  The  filter  is  nor- 
mally wired  across  the  contacts 
and  located  above  the  keyboard 
contact  assembly;  remove  it. 

We  move  on  to  your  second 
question,  regarding  adjustment 
of  the  circuit.  The  variable  ca- 
pacitor is  set  to  provide  the  cor- 
rect degree  of  shift,  whereas  the 
potentiometer  is  used  to  precise- 
ly set  the  shift.  The  way  I  set 
them  up  is  first  to  turn  the  pot  to 
maximum,  that  is,  the  higher  po- 
sition above  ground*  This  will 
provide  the  maximum  shift,  Now 
adjust  the  capacitor  to  produce 
an  850-  or  900-Hz  shift.  From 
here  on,  leave  the  capacitor 
alone!  The  pot  may  be  used  to 
back  down  the  shift  to  170  Hz,  or 
whatever,    without   worrying 


+  IMVDC 

REGULATED 


I 


urn 


1 


KEYBOARD 


100 


about  exceeding  the  900-Hz 
maximum  shift.  I  mounted  the 
pot  in  a  little  box  on  top  of  the 
transmitter,  with  a  jack  in  the 
back  to  receive  the  keyboard 
line  coming  from  the  printer. 

Now,  about  those  grounds. 
Remember  that  the  keyboard 
must  be  isolated  from  the  TTY 
loop,  Also,  the  shift -pot  circuit  is 
constructed  to  work  against 
chassis  ground  of  the  transmit- 
ter, You  see,  a  ground  by  any 
other  name  is  still  a  wire  (or 
something  like  that),  All  those 
symbols  mean  is  that  the  "cold" 
side  of  the  keyboard,  pot,  and 
transmitter  chassis  are  all  con- 
nected together.  You  don't  have 
to  pound  an  eight-foot  copper 
rod  through  your  shack  floor 
next  to  the  Modei  19! 

White  some  are  working  on 
machines  a  score  or  more  years 
old.  others  are  looking  at  more 
modern  devices.  Such  is  the 
subject  of  a  letter  received  from 
Robert  LeMaster,  Sr.  WA9NZQ/5 
over  in  Bentonvilte,  Arkansas. 
Bob  writes  that  he  has  searched 
high  and  wide  for  video  RTTY 
systems  to  build  that  do  not  use 


■I 


47K 


T 


47K 


IN69 


OI^F 


TO  CATHODE 

OF 

VFO  TUBE 


Fig.  1.  One  version  of  the  "shift-pot"  circuit. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     165 


a  computer.  He  feels  that  he  has 
no  use  for  a  computer  and  does 
not  want  to  buy  one  just  to  use 
on  RTTY. 

Well,  Bob,  I'm  not  going  to  try 
to  convert  you  to  "computer- 
ism"  here,  We  have  talked  at 
length  in  the  past  about  the  ver- 
satility one  gains  with  a  comput- 
er on  RTTY.  If  you  are  interested 
in  a  "glass  Teletype"  only, 
several  have  been  described  in 
73  in  the  past  and  are  listed 
below: 

"Build  This  Exciting  New  TVT," 
73  Magazine,  March,  1976,  p.  76, 
"ASCI  I/Baudot  With  A  Prom,"  73 
Magazine,  June,  1976,  p,  114, 
"A  RTTY/Computer  Display 
Unit;1  73  Magazine,  July,  1976, 
p.  118. 

'The  XITEX  Video  Terminal/'  73 
Magazine,  December,  1978,  p> 
132. 

I  will  point  out,  though,  that  by 
using  a  microprocessor-based 
system,  you  can  gain  a  good 
deal  of  "smarts." 

How  about  the  ability  to  trans- 
mit  and  receive  at  several 
speeds,  hold  canned  output  in 
buffers,  like  a  brag  tape,  and 


have  the  machine  clean  up  your 
typing;  all  this  is  easy  with  a 
CPU  controlling  the  station,  very 
hard  without  it.  Now,  I  am  not 
talking  about  buying  a $1000  sys- 
tem and  tying  it  down  to  RTTY, 
nor  am  I  thinking  of  buying  a 
large  system  and  using  it  occa- 
sionally on  the  air.  An  attractive 
alternative  is  to  put  together  a 
small  computer,  on  one  board, 
with  the  program  in  permanent 
memory  and  a  limited  amount  of 
on-board  read/write  memory. 

Such  a  computer  is  termed  a 
"dedicated"  one,  and  can  be  put 
together  very  inexpensively.  For 
example,  a  simple  6802-baseti 
system  was  described  by  Pete 
Stark  in  Kilobaud  Microcomput- 
ing last  year.  The  whole  system 
fits  on  a  small  PC  board,  Write 
Pete  at  PO  Box  209,  Mt  Kisco  NY 
10549,  for  details  of  the  "Kilo- 
baud Klassroom  Komputer" 

AhT  but  you  say,  what  about 
programming?  Watch  closely 
here  in  73  and  you  soon  shall 
see  a  super  program,  written  for 
the  6600  (will  also  run  in  6802 
without  modifications)  which 
provides  all  the  features  a  RTTY 
station  needs.  Requiring  less 
than  4K  of  memory,  it  Is  de- 


signed for  most  6800  systems 
using  serial  terminal  interfacing 
via  an  ACIA. 

Need  more  help?  Scheduled 
to  appear  on  the  horizon  very 
soon  is  a  newly-updated  edition 
of  73*s  RTTY  Handbook.  Con- 
taining all  new  material  regard- 
ing RTTY  equipment,  this  prom- 
ises to  become  a  new  classic 
which  belongs  in  every  RTTY  sta- 
tion. Among  the  new  material 
will  be  video  RTTY,  both  with 
and  without  a  computer,  along 
with  new  transmitting  and  re- 
ceiving circuits,  and  a  few  bells 
and  whistles.  Watch  for  the  an- 
nouncement in  the  Radio  Book- 
shop section  of  73. 

Before  I  close  this  month,  let 
me  acknowledge  a  letter  from 
Cal  Sondgeroth  W9ZTK,  who 
writes  concerning  the  program 
published  in  this  column  last  Ju- 
ly, Cal  has  taken  a  razor  to  the 
program  and  honed  away  sixteen 
bytes  or  so  to  make  it  more  com- 
pact. Among  his  suggestions  are 
to  store  variables  on  the  6800^ 
Page  0,  to  allow  direct  addres- 
sing, and  storing  the  START  and 
STOP  bits  integral  to  each  data 
byte.  In  other  words,  where  I  us- 
ed "1010100011  for  the  numeral 


"4",  Cal  would  use  4i00101Qm" 
In  his  version,  the  bits  are, 
reading  from  left  to  right,  a  "011 
START  bit,  the  five  data  bits 
rOIOlO"},  a  "1"  STOP  bit,  and  a 
"0"  DONT  CARE  bit.  My  order 
includes  a  "1"  CASE  bit,  five 
data  bits,  and  two  DONT  CARE 
bits. 

That  CASE  bit  is  needed  to 
tell  the  program  whether  the 
character  about  to  be  sent  is 
FIGS  or  LTRS,  and  to  prompt  the 
appropriate  change  of  case,  if 
required.  I  will  grant  that  the  one 
DONT  CARE  bit  could  be  used 
for  the  same  purpose,  but  it 
seemed  more  general  to  store 
only  the  data  and  plaster  the 
START  and  STOP  bits  externally. 

The  reason  I  did  not  use  Page 
0,  by  the  way,  is  that  this  routine 
is  part  of  a  larger  program,  and 
most  of  that  page  is  accounted 
for  by  other  variables.  In  the 
practical  system,  however,  Page 
0  makes  sense  to  use.  it's  just 
that  here,  as  an  example,  I  chose 
to  use  extended  addressing. 

Some  reviews  coming  up  in 
the  next  few  months.  I  will  try  to 
sprinkle  a  few  letters  in  here, 
too,  maybe  even  a  surprise  or 
two!  All  for  you,  in  RTTY  Loop. 


WEIV  PRODUCTS    J 


BONE-CONDUCTION 
HEARING  AID 

Individuals  with  hearing  im- 
pairments may  soon  be  able  to 
enjoy  sound-oriented  pastimes 
like  ham  radio  by  using  a  bone- 
conduction  hearing  aid  devel- 
oped by  Matsushita  Electric  Co. 

This  electronic  breakthrough 


bypasses  the  eardrum  by  vibrat* 
ing  the  bones  near  the  inner  ear. 
A  small  microphone,  amplifier, 
battery,  and  vibrating  device  are 
built  into  the  frames  of  special 
eyeglasses.  Matsushita  plans  to 
release  this  new  hearing  aid  for 
the  US  market  in  the  near  future. 

For  more  information,   con- 


tact Ruder  and  Finn,  /na,  110 
East  59th  Street,  New  York  NY 
10022.  Reader  Service  number 
481. 

NEW  HAMTRONICS® 
REPEATER  MODULES 

Hamtronics,  Inc.,  long  noted 
for  FM  transmitters  and  receiv- 
ers commonly  used  for  building 
repeaters,  has  now  completed 
their  iine  of  repeater  modules  by 
offering  inexpensive  COR  and 
CWID  modules. 


The  3"x3"  COR  module  kit 
contains  an  electronic  relay  to 
actuate  the  transmitter  when 
the  receiver  squelch  opens.  Ad- 
justable tail  and  time-out  timers 
are  provided  on  the  board,  as 
well  as  an  audio  mixer  to  com- 
bine the  ID  tone  with  the  receiver 
audio  for  application  to  the 
transmitter.  Another  nice  fea- 
ture is  a  separate  speaker  driver 
amplifier  stage  which  allows  a 
iocal  speaker  to  be  operated 
completely   independent   from 


Bone-conduction  hearing  aid  from  Matsushita. 


Hamtronics®   OOR  module. 


166     73 \  Magazine  •  OctobeM961 


the  repeater  audio  level  setup 
control,  without  using  hard-to- 
find  L-pads. 

The  3M  x  7"  CWID  module  kit 
contains  a  tone  generator  con- 
trolled by  a  158-bit  diode  matrix. 
Adjustments  on  the  board  con- 
trol  the  ID  speed,  tone,  and  time. 
A    special    output    filter   elimi- 
nates the  key  clicks  found  on 
many  repeater  IDers,  Although 
many  articles  have  appeared  re- 
cently on  PROM   IDers,  many 
still  prefer  a  diode  matrix  be- 
cause it  can  be  easily  repro- 
grammed  at  any  time  without 
further  expense.  The  CWID  mod- 
ule is  constructed  on  a  double- 
sided    PG    board    with    plated- 
through  holes  for  easy  assem- 
bly. The  CWID  and  COR  mod- 
ules are  designed  to  be  used 
with  Hamtronics®    transmitter 
and  receiver  modules  as  well  as 
most  other  types.  For  further  in- 
formation, contact  Hamtmnics, 
tnct  65F  Moui  Rd.t   Hilton  NY 
14468;  phone  (?l6)-392-943a  A 
complete  1981   catalog,  which 
includes  all  Hamtronics*     FM 
and  SSB  equipment,  is  yours  for 
the  asking.  (For  overseas  mail- 
ing, please  send  $2*00  or  5 I  RCs,) 
Reader  Service  number  477. 

BJLAL  ISOTRON  ANTENNAS 

Isotron  antennas,  designed 
and  manufactured  by  the  Btlal 
Company;  employ  a  unique  new 
embodiment  of  a  full-size  har- 
monic antenna  which  permits 
the  radio  amateur  who  has  limit- 
ed space  to  get  on  the  air  from 
an  apartment,  condominium, 
mobile  home,  of  other  space- 
limited  environments,  There  are 
no  compromises  in  matching  or 
tuning  Isotron  antennas  to  your 
transmitter.  This  unique  design 
allows  direct  feed  with  standard 
coaxial  cable  and  does  away 
with  the  need  for  radials. 

How  is  it  that  an  eighty-meter 
antenna,  for  example,  can  be  on- 
ly four  feet  tail,  eighteen  inches 
deep,  sixteen  inches  wide,  and 
weigh  a  mere  eight  pounds- . . 
yet  perform  as  well  as  a  full-size 
antenna?  Bilal  ciaims  that  the 
answer  is  in  research  and  devel- 
opment, Isotron  antennas  were 
five  years  in  development  and 
testing,  and  now  are  available  in 
30-,  40-,  and  20-meter  models. 

For  more  information,  call  or 
write  to  Bilal  Company,  Star 
Route,  Florissant  CO  3081 6; 
phone  (303}-687  3219,  Reader 
Service  number  483. 

Continued 


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phone  COD  orders  O.K.  for  UPS  shipments. 
Sale  Prices  do  not  include  shipping  charges. 


ALPHA  78  Combines  the  best  features  of  all  other  ALPHA 
amplifiers.  (3)  8874's,  QSKr  2,4  KVA  Hipersil®  trans- 
former and  a  bandpass  no-tune- up  system  that  fully 
covers  the  160  15m  bands  with  no  sacrifice  in  efficiency 
compared  to  manual  mode.  7W'h  *  17"w  *  I Wd,  65  lb. 

Regular  $3185-  Sale  Price  $2599 


New  AES  Branch  Store! 

1898  Drew  Street 

Clearwater,  Fia. 

Phone:(813)461-4267 


STORE  HOURS:  Mon.  Tue,  Wed  &  Fri  9-5:30;  Thurs  9-8;  Sat  9-3 

[Las  Vegas  &  Clearwater  stores  NOT  open  Thursday  evenings) 

EXPANDED  WATS  PHONE  HOURS.  Even  though  we  have  multiple  WATS  lines,  many 
customers  report  that  they  have  trouble  getting  through,  especially  on  Mondays.  We  have 
'lound  that  lines  are  less  congested  afternoons,  evenings  and  towards  the  end  of  the  week. 
To  serve  you  better,  the  Milwaukee  headquarters  will  answer  our  Nationwide  WATS  line 
1-800-558-0411  until  8  pm  {Milwaukee  time)  Monday  thru  Thursday,  Orders  placed 
Thursday  evening  can  be  shipped  Friday  and  be  in  transit  over  the  weekend. 


Call  Toll  Free:  1-800-558-0411    """"""SSaSS""" 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONIC  SUPPLY 


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Inc. 


4828  W.  Fond  du  Lac  Avenue;  Milwaukee,  Wl  53216  -  Phone  (414)  442-4200 


WICKLIFFE,  OHIO  44092 

28940  Euclid  Avenue 

Phone  (216)  585-7388 

Ohio  WATS  1-800-362-0290 

Outside  Ohio  1-800-321-3594 


AES  BRANCH  STORES 

ORLANDO.  FLORIDA  32803 
621  Commonwealth  Avenue 

Pticme  (305)894-3238 

Fla.  WATS  1-800-432-9424 

Outside  Fla,  1-800-327-1917 


LAS  VEGAS,  NEVADA  89106 

1072  N.  Rancho  Drive 

Phone  (702)647-3114 

Pete  WA8PZA  &  Squeak  AD7K 

Outside  Nev.  1-800-6  34-6227 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     167 


■ 


Benjamin  Michael  Industries'  military-time  clock. 


MILITARY-TIME  CLOCK 

Benjamin  Michael  industries, 
Inc.,  has  announced  the  addi- 
tion of  the  Model  173DM  to  its 
Itne  of  professional  military- 
time-format  clocks. 

The  173DM  features  dual,  in- 
dependent digital  clock  circuits 
housed  in  a  solid  walnut  case. 
The  unit  is  suitable  for  place- 
ment on  any  desk,  communica- 
tions console,  briefing  table, 
etc.  Military  time  is  displayed  on 
the  left  clock  face  while  stan- 
dard 12-hour  format  with  AM/PM 
indicators  is  used  on  the  right. 
Each  clock  is  independently  set, 
allowing  display  of  different 
time  zones  if  desired.  This  ar- 
rangement makes  the  173DM 
ideal  for  applications  requiring 
the  use  of  both  Universal  Coor- 
dinated Time  (Zulu)  and  local 
time. 

Both  large  displays  are  of  the 
LCD  type  for  excellent  visibility 
and  ultra-low  power  consump- 
tion. The  173 DM  features  quartz- 
crystal  accuracy  and  over  one 
year  of  operation  on  a  single, 
readily-available  battery.  The 
absence  of  a  power  cord  makes 
the  unit  ideal  for  desk-top  use 


and  eliminates  the  need  for  re- 
setting after  commercial  power 
failure. 

For  more  information,  con- 
tact Benjamin  Michael  In- 
dustries, Inc.,  65  E.  Palatine 
Road,  Prospect  Heights  IL 
60070.  Reader  Service  number 
4B0. 

UNIQUE 
MICROPHONE  SYSTEM 

Mobile  operating  will  never  be 
the  same!  Daiwa's  RM-940 
brings  the  total  freedom  of  cord- 
less  operation  with  a  light- 
weight, compact  microphone, 
infrared  sensor,  and  con- 
trol/charger  unit. 

The  electret  condenser  micro- 
phone can  be  hung  around  the 
neck  like  a  pendant  (cord  sup- 
plied), or  conveniently  clipped  to 
a  shirt  pocket.  A  latching  push- 
button switch  activates  the  tiny 
infrared  transmitters  on  the 
microphone.  Audio  and  trans- 
mit/receive switching  are  then 
transferred  via  infrared  beam  to 
a  sensor  mounted  near  the  sun 
visor  or  the  rearview  mirror,  The 
maximum  usable  distance  is  3.5 
feet.  An  additional  sensor  can 
be  added  for  broader  coverage. 


RW940 


15' 


* 


The  Heath  uMatic  Memory  Keyer. 


infrared  microphone  system  from  MCM  Communications. 


The  controHcharger  unit  fea- 
tures Velcro  pads  for  easy 
mounting  and  microphone 
plugs  compatible  with  most 
Kenwood,  I  com,  or  Yaesu  rigs 
(specify  when  ordering)-  Other 
plugs  can  be  installed  to  suit 
particular  needs.  A  maximum  of 
eight  hours  of  charging  time  will 
provide  a  minimum  of  five  hours 
of  continuous  use.  The  control/ 
charger  unit  also  provides  a 
visual  {LED)  and  audible  (soft 
beep)  indication  whenever  the 
microphone  is  switched  on.  Op- 
tional microphone  wind  screens 
are  available.  For  more  informa- 
tion, contact  MCM  Communica- 
tions, 858  E.  Congress  Park  Dr„ 
Centerville  OH  45459.  Reader 
Service  number  478. 

HEATH'S  mMATIC 
MEMORY  KEYER 

Reports  say  a  sneak  preview 
of  the  new  Heath  kit*  SA-5010 
^Matic  Memory  Keyer  created 
much  interest  at  the  1981  Day- 
ton Hamvention.  The  keyer  is 
now  featured  in  the  latest 
Heathkit  Catalog  from  Heath 
Company. 

Described  by  a  Heath  spokes- 
man as  compact  and  modern  in 
styling,  the  SA-5010  uses  a  cus- 
tom microprocessor  to  provide 
up  to  10  buffers  for  storing  up  to 
240  characters  of  text  or  com- 
mands. These  variable-length 
buffers  eliminate  wasted  memo- 
ry space  by  letting  the  user  store 
text  in  several  buffers  and  then 
string  them  together  in  any  se- 
quence. Command  strings  also 
can  select  the  speed,  weight, 
spacing,  and  auto-repeat  count 
for  each  message  so  selected. 
This  feature  is  said  to  make  the 
^Matic  so  versatile  that  Heath 
has  applied  for  a  patent  on  it. 

The  SA-501 0  employs  a  20-po- 
sition  keypad  for  entries,  and 


features  easy-to-use  integral 
capacitive  "touch"  paddles.  A 
rear  panel  jack  is  provided  for 
use  of  a  mechanical  paddle,  if 
so  desired. 

A  ''practice"  mode  sends  ran- 
dom code  groups  of  random 
length  and  selectable  types.  The 
100  different  random  sequences 
are  repeat  able,  so  the  ham  can 
check  copy  for  accuracy.  All  100 
sequences  are  altered  each  time 
the  keyer  is  turned  onf  to  give  a 
total  of  6,400  different  practice 
sessions.  Each  sequence  sends 
approximately  3,000  characters 
before  repeating.  The  user  can 
choose  any  speed  between  1 
and  99  words  per  minute,  and 
any  of  11  weight  settings. 

CMOS  memory  with  battery 
backup  is  said  to  retain  the  buf- 
fer contents,  as  well  as  the  last- 
selected  speed,  spacing, 
weight,  and  repeat  count  when- 
ever the  keyer  is  turned  off  or 
unplugged. 

Built-in  diagnostics  check  the 
microprocessor  each  time  the 
keyer  is  turned  on,  and  also  test 
buffer  memory  whenever  the 
jiMatic  Memory  Keyer  is  reset. 
For  the  left-handed  CW  opera- 
tor, a  special  two-key  function 
reverses  the  paddles,  The  keyer 
even  remembers  to  turn  itself  off 
if  the  user  forgets! 

The  SA-5010  features  built-in 
sidetone  oscillator  and  speaker 
with  variable  pitch  and  volume 
controls.  Phone  jack  and  ear 
phone  are  included  lor  private 
listening.  A  plastic  case  covers 
the  die-cast  zinc  base,  which  is 
weighted  to  reduce  movement 
during  keying.  The  keyer  re- 
quires the  optional  120  V  ac 
Heathkit  PS-5012  power  supply. 
Step-by-step  instructions  make 
this  a  two-evening  kit. 

The  SA-5010  JiMatic  Memory 
Keyer   and    nearly   400   other 


168     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


z***** 


#*-* 


OeNBRAl.  CLASS  EX^M 


»r- 


K 


**» 


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ifc" 


;*< 


1*# 


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,-'-■ 


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■it* 


The  Indiana  Quick  Charge  CW  exam  package. 


buikMt-yourself  electronic  kits 
are  featured  in  the  latest 
104-page  Heathkft  Catalog.  For 
a  free  copy,  write  Heath  Com- 
pany, Dept  350-1 15,  Benton  Har- 
bor Ml  49022.  In  Canada,  write 
Heath  Company,  1430  Oundas 
Street  E(  Mississauga,  Ontario 
L4X2R7.  Reader  Service  number 
485. 

CW  EXAM  PACKAGE 

Indiana  Quick  Charge,  inc., 
has  recently  completed  a  Morse 
code  practice  package  for  the 
new-style  FCC  exams.  The  pack- 
age consists  of  five  completion- 
style  exams,  two  answer  sheets, 
and  one  cassette  tape.  The  A 
side  of  the  tape  has  five  seg- 
ments of  text,  each  approxi- 
mately five  minutes  long.  The  B 
side  has  mixed  characters  prac- 
tice ranging  from  a  little  below 
the  test  speed  and  gradually 
working  up  to  the  speed  desired. 
Each  sample  test  is  on  a  sepa^ 
rate  sheet,  with  an  answer  key 
for  all  the  included  sample  tests. 
The  cassette  is  well  produced, 
with  excellent  keying  character- 
istics. All  the  text  and  mixed 
characters  are  computer-gener- 
ated,  assuring  evenness  and  ac- 
curacy. 

Designed  to  test  the  user's 
readiness  to  take  an  FCC  code 
exam,  it  should  be  stressed  that 
the  text  included  is  composed, 
and  is  not  a  word-for-word  copy 
of  any  actual  FCC  tests.  It  is 
simitar  only  in  style  and  length, 
and  is  intended  to  test  the  skill 
and  ability  of  those  who  are  pre- 


paring to  take  the  actual  test. 
Two  packages  are  currently 
available;  the  General  class 
practice  at  13  words  per  minute 
and  the  Extra  class  practice  at 
20  words  per  minute. 

For  more  information,  write: 
Indiana  Quick  Charge,  fnc.t  367 
West  Main  Street,  Danville  IN 
46122,  Reader  Service  number 
479. 

UHF  ALL-MODE  AMP 

The  D1010  amplifier  is  a  solid- 
state  alt-mode  amplifier  de- 
signed to  be  used  in  the  430-to- 
450-MHz  amateur  band,  it  will 
amplify  a  10-Watt  signal  to  more 
than  100  Watts  output;  2  Watts 
input  produces  25  Watts  output. 
The  D1010  can  be  keyed  with  as 
little  as  300  milliwatts-  This 
makes  it  a  versatile  amplifier  for 
all  low-power  transceivers  and 
HTs.  The  D1010  is  biased  as  a 
linear  amplifier,  therefore,  it  will 
amplify  FMT  SSB,  CW,  and  ATV 
signals. 

Other  features  include  remote 
operation  with  the  optional  RC-1 
remote  head,  external  or  inter- 
nal keying  circuitry,  oveMem- 
perature  protection,  and  the 
typical  rugged  packaging  that  is 
a  part  of  all  Mirage  products. 

The  D1010  carries  a  5-year 
warranty  on  all  parts  except  the 
rf  power  transistors  which  are 
warranted  for  1  year. 

The  D1010  will  be  an  asset  for 
any  station,  whether  on  OSCAR, 
mobile,  remote  base,  or  SSB/CW 
DX. 

As  with  all  Mirage  products, 


Motorola's  Discrete  Hybrid  Components  catalog. 


they  are  only  available  through 
their  worldwide  dealer  network. 
For  further  information,  contact 
Mirage  Communications  Equip- 
ment, Inc.,  PO  Box  1393,  Gilroy 
CA  95020,  Reader  Service  num- 
ber 476. 

HYBRID  COMPONENTS 
DATA  BOOK 

A  new  data  book  detailing  the 
specifications  of  discrete  semi- 
conductor components  has 
been  published  by  Motorola. 
The  new  Discrete  Hybrid  Com- 
ponents Data  Book  covers  10 
different  discreet-product  cate- 
gories, including  a  variety  of 
transistor,  diode,  thyristor,  and 


optoelectronic  lines,  and  in- 
cludes five  different  packaging 
methods:  standard  chips  (dice), 
flip-chrps,  Micro-T™\  SOT-23, 
and  SOT-89. 

The  book  includes  an  easy-to- 
use  cross-reference  between 
standard  discrete  packaged  de- 
vices and  equivalent  unencap- 
sulated  chips,  and  provides 
both  electrical  and  physical 
data  for  each  of  the  chips. 

All  Hybrid  components  de- 
scribed in  the  Data  Book  are 
available  from  Motorola  or 
through  authorized  Motorla  Hy- 
brid Components  distributors. 

The  Motorola  Discrete  Hybrid 
Components  Data  Book  is  avail- 


Mirage's  ail-mode  100- Watt  UHF  amplifier. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     169 


M -Squared  Engineering's  HT  receiver  coverage  expander, 


able  from  Motorola  Semicon- 
ductor Products,  Inc.,  PO  Box 
20912,  Phoenix  AZ  85036. 
Reader  Service  number  484. 

HANDI-CON  V 

The  Handi-Con  V  (HC-V)  is  a 
self-contained  VHFH I  converter 
intended  for  use  with  fully-syn- 
thesized 2-meter  hand-held 
transceivers.  Multiband  opera- 
tion will  expand  receiver  cover- 
age to  2400  possible  channels. 
A  replica  of  either  the  154- 
158-MHz  Public  Service  or  the 
159-163-MHz  Marine  Band  is 
created  at  the  receiver  input. 
This  allows  reception  of  fire,  po* 
lice,  sheriff,  and  other  emergen- 
cy services  or  coastal/inland 
marine  communication,  coast 
guard,  and  National  Oceanic 
and  Atmospheric  weather  ser- 
vice, respectively. 

Frequency  selection  is 
achieved  as  normal  through  the 
keyboard  or  thumbwheel  switch- 
es of  the  transceiver.  Connec- 
tion is  made  by  simple  series  in- 
sertion between  radio  and  an- 
tenna using  standard  BNCs.  Op- 
eration with  transceivers  using 


threaded  antenna  mounts  is 
achievable  with  readHy-avail- 
able  adapters. 

The  passband  of  the  HOV  in- 
cludes the  2-meter  band,  en- 
abling multlband  as  well  as 
multi-channel  monitoring  with 
transceivers  that  have  scanning 
capabilities.  The  combined 
sensitivity  is  much  less  than  1 
fjV  for  most  transceiver/convert- 
er combinations, 

An  internal  clamp  network 
provides  protection  from  acci- 
dental transmitter  rf  to  both  con- 
verter and  transmitter  for  up  to  5 
Watts  for  up  to  5  seconds.  The 
l*off"  position  disables  all  con- 
verter circuitry  and  restores  nor- 
mal transceiver  operation  with- 
out having  to  disconnect  the 
HC-V. 

The  HC-V  operates  on  a  single 
AAA  battery  with  an  estimated 
battery  life  of  up  to  6  months  or 
more  at  a  use  duty-cycle  of 
3040%.   The   case    size    is 

For  more  information  contact 
M-Squared  Engineering,  1446 
Lansing  Ave.,  San  Jose  CA 
95118;  phone  (408}-266  9214, 
Reader  Service  number  482. 


COMPLETE  -  ASSEMBLED  AND  TESTED  -  READY   TO    INSTALL  -  NOT  A   KIT 

AMATEUR   TELEVISION   MICROWAVE   DOWNCONVERTER 
Tunes   2.1    Chz, through   2,4  Ghz, 

Preamplifier  has    20dB     nominal  gain  with  a   2,5  dB   noise  figure 
Output  tunes  TV  channels   2  to  6,    Output   Impedence  75  or   300  Ohms 
Performance  Guaranteed    or  your  money   refunded,    Full  Year  Warranty 


8 

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%J  AMATEUR   SPECIAL   $  179,95   Including   shipping    (UPS) 

VISA  and  MASTERCARD  charges  accepted,   Call   (804)    489-2156   ,    COD's  OK 
Virginia  residents  please  add   4|  state  sales  tax 

Available  Separately-     Fully  Assembled  and  Tested 
^w        Preamplifier   $59.95   ,    Slotted  Waveguide  Antenna   $29.95   ,    Power  Supply   $34.95 
ELECTRONIC   HOBBY    INNOVATIONS      7510GRANBY   ST.    SUITE   207     NORFOLK,    VA*    23505 


6 


170     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


FILTER  CASCADING 
WORKS! 


You  can  gel  significantly  better  fierformance  from 
your  Receiver  fcy  improving  rts  IF  fittefing  The  mo»t 
cost -effective  way  to  do  fats  is  fo  place  a  superior 
d-pole  SSB  f trier  essentially  in  series |or  Cascade! 
with  the  original  unit  The  resulting  increase  m  the 
number  of  poles  of  filtering  to  as  many  as  16 
causes  a  dramatic  increase  in  selectivity  and  re- 
duction of  adjacent  channel  QRM  The  authors  of 
Hie  following  major  articles  all  stress  the  effec- 
tiveness of  FOX'TANGO  filters  m  this  application 
and  comment  on  its  simplicity:  easy  sofdenng, 
no  drilling,  no  switch mg,  and  no  panel  changes 
As  a  bonus,  CW  performance  is  improved  as  well 
as  SSB.  at  no  extra  cost  or  effort! 

Recent  Magazine  Articles  on  Fitter  Cascading 

YAESU  FT*9(H/902  See  *?3"r  Sept.  1981 
HEATH  SB104A  See  TWam  Radio",  April  1981 
KENWOOD  7S820  See  "CO",  March  1981 

Read  the  ordinal  article  or  send  $1  to  FoxTango 
for  complete  details  of  the  one  that  interests  you 
To  make  the  modification,  order  the  appropriate 
cascading  kit  from  beiow.  Each  contains  the  parts 
specified  In  the  article,  the  recommended  Fox* 
Tanoo  filter,  and  complete  instructions 

FOXTANGO  Cascading  Kits  In  Stock 

YAESU  Ff<QQl/W2  Series..  „, .,#00 

HEATH  SB104A  Series . „ .  $60 

KENWOOD  TS820  Series $65  w/mtm  amp. 

•KENWOOD  75520  Series  ....$65  w/mini  amp. 
*YAESU  FT-1Q1  Series  (not  ZD)  $65  w/casc  bd 

"Proven  mods  based  on  articles  in  preparation 

Shipping  via  Airmail:  S2  US/Canada,  $6  Elsewhere 
Florida  Residents  Add  4%  sales  tax 

FOX-TANGO  stocks  the  widest  variety  of  custom* 
made  time-tested  crystal  fitters  available  from  any 
source  tor  Yaesu,  Kenwood.  Heafft.  Drake,  and 
Collins  rigs.  Cascading  is  only  one  appitcatton  for 
these  f i iters  Others  include  replacing  outdated  or 
interior  original  units,  filling  spots  provtded  for 
optional  filters r  or  adding  extra  filters  using  diode 
switching  boards  if  the  "spots"  are  filled  However, 
since  the  degree  of  improvement  depends  upon 
the  quality  of  the  fifter  used,  cheap  substitutes 
are  no  bargain!  FOX*TANGO  has  never  spared 
expense  or  effort  to  make  Its  filters  the  very  BEST 
and  guarantees  satisfaction  -  plus  fast,  friendly, 
knowledgeable,  person  ali  zed  service.  For  Infor- 
matton  about  our  complete  line,  including  SSB. 
CW  and  AM  filters,  phone  or  write  for  our  free 
brochure  Specify  the  set  you  want  to  improve. 

We  welcome  mail  or  phone  orders  and  accept 
payment  by  VISA,  MASTE3CHARGE,  M.O.,  Check, 
Cash,  or  COD,  {at  your  expense) 


FOX  TANGO  CORPORATION 

Since  1971 ,  8y  and  For  fiadfo  Amateurs 
Box  15944S,  W   Palm  Beach.  FL  33406 

Phone:  1-305-683-9567  _* 


RF  POWER 

ONE  BILLION  WATTS 
IN  STOCK 

Your  One  Stop  Source  tor  RF  Power  Tubes 
and  Transistors 

FALL  SPECIALS 


WOOZ 

$  *6. 00 

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5144W 

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4CX250B 

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35,50 

8toe 

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11,00 

8850 

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RF  TRANSISTORS 

2  30Mhi 

RF23.RF13    (RFO)     SOW  12.5V  14.00 

(PtwtiIuiti  R*pJ*c*m*nt  lor  MRF4S0  A  MRF450A) 
RF43TRF33  (RFOJ       TOW  12.5V  15.00 

(Prvmrum  Rapiac*m+nti  for  MRF456  1  MRF45SAJ 


CD2545 

(CTQ       50W           12,5V 

Flanga   15,00 

C  03424 

(CTC)     aow        izsv 

Hang*   15  00 

501451 

(SSM)      WW            12.5  V 

Hang*  15.00 

501076 

(SSM>    aow        i2sv 

Rang*  1&M 

RFES 

(RFQ)      BOW           125V 

Rang*   17.50 

MRF450 

fMOTOj  90W           12.5V 

Rang*  19.88 

VHF 

150-175  Mhi 

B40-12 

(CTC)       40W           liSV 

Slud        16.X 

MfiW 

(SStff)      25  W            12  5V 

Stud       10.50 

2N«063 

(SSMi       25W            12.5V 

stud       e.9S 

2N6007 

(SSM)      40WRNP   115V 

Rang*  15,95 

MRF247 

(MOTO)  75W           1Z5V 

Fling*    13.00 

SOI  41 6 

SSM:       70W            12.5V 

Flange  27.50 

RF13.RF23  cito  reoiaca*  2N606+MRF224        14.00 

UKF 

450-51 2M  HZ 

2N5S46 

(SSM)      10W  12  5V        1 

Slud         12.95 

HHW710-2  (MOTO)  13W   12,5V  Modul*  19  59.00 

db  Gain 

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*"See  LiStQt  AOverhsers  on  page  f30 


73  Magazine  *  October,  1981     171 


LETTERS 


HOLLOW  WIN 


Today,  I  received  word  from 
Bill  Gosney,  your  Contest  Edi- 
tor, that  I  had  been  disqualified 
from  73  Magazine's  1981 
160  Meter  Phone  Contest  due  to 
excessive  power  output  from  my 
station. 

First,  let  me  say  that  I  was  not 
surprised  and,  second,  that  I 
plead  guilty!  But  howt  you  might 
askf  did  the  contest  committee 
come  up  with  this  information? 
Here  is  how. 

After  recopying  my  log 
sheets^  duping,  and  finalizing 
my  contest  results  (910  QSOs/ 
400\000  points),  I  came  to  a 
paragraph  on  the  summary 
sheet  that  required  my  signa- 
ture. I  had  to  swear  that  I  had 
abided  by  all  rules  and  regula- 
tions of  73  Magazine  and  the 
FCC.  Well,  I  could  not  bring 
myself  to  sign  it  because  during 
the  contest  1  used  the  home- 
brew linear  (4-1000)  that  I  had 
completed  the  day  before  the 
contest. 

1  know  that  if  I  had  made  my 
own  summary  sheet  instead  of 
using  TTs,  1  could  have  avoided 
that  hurdle  like  most  of  the  other 
guys  did,  but  I  could  not.  In- 
stead, I  contacted  Dan  Murphy 
WA2GZB,  the  contest  chairman, 
and  informed  him  of  the  situa- 
tion. He  advised  me  to  go  ahead 
and  send  my  logs  into  himf  any* 
way. 

I  also  told  him  that,  in  my 
opinion,  everyone  who  had  done 
really  well  in  the  contest  also 
had  used  an  rf  amplifier  of  a 
power  equal  to  mine.  Dan  ac- 
knowledged that  he  was  aware 
of  that  fact  and  said  those  guys 
were  not  as  honest  as  I  in  admit* 
ting  to  using  an  amplifier.  I  call 
these  people  hypocrites  be- 
cause they  tell  people  they  are 
using  legal  power  and  that  their 
antennas  are  doing  a  spec- 
tacular job. 

During  the  contest,  my 
signals  were  never  louder  than 
those  of  some  of  the  other  big 
boys.  Don't  you  find  that  in- 
teresting? I  don't  know  of  one 
contest  station  I  have  visited 
that  did  not  have  a  160-meter 
amplifier.  Why  all  the  secrecy? 
One  has  to  use  an  amplifier  on 


160  during  a  contest  \o  be  com- 
petitive because  everyone  for 
almost  everyone)  does.  I  would 
like  to  add  that  I  did  not  use  an  rf 
amplifier  before  the  LORAN 
shutdown  in  early  January,  I 
wonder  how  many  other  con- 
testers  can  say  the  same  thing, 
I  knew  that  1  would  be  dis- 
qualified when  I  made  these  ad- 
missions* but  I  feel  that  about 
90%  of  the  other  guys  in  the 
contest  also  should  be  disquali- 
fied or  should  at  least  have  the 
guts  to  disqualify  themselves, 

Willy  Worth  WB3GCG 
Brandywine  MD 

/  admire  your  honesty,  Willy,  it's 
too  bad  you  didn't  let  your  con- 
science be  your  guide  before  the 
contest  as  weft  as  after. 

As  a  contested  f  cannot  un- 
derstand what  fun  it  is  to  win  by 
violating  the  rules.  To  my  mind, 
an  operator  who  plays  the  game 
that  way  is  no  better  than  a 
smalltown  bully;  he  at  ways  gets 
his  way,  but  so  what? 

A  hollow  victory  is  no  victory 
at  all.— Jeff  Defray  WB8BTH. 


NOISE-BRIDGE  CORE 


] 


I  am  writing  to  point  out  a 
small  error  in  your  otherwise  ex- 
cellent  article  on  the  noise 
bridge  CGRM-Free  Antenna 
Tuning,  August,  1981}, 

The  Indiana  General  core  spe- 
cified is  made  in  a  number  of  dif- 
ferent ferrite  "mixes11  and  you 
must  specify  which  one  you 
want  The  commonly  used  one 
is  the  Q1  mix. 

Also,  Indiana  General  has 
changed  their  numbering  sys- 
tem, so  lheCF-102  is  now  known 
as  the  F625-9.  Thus,  one  should 
ask  for  F625-9  in  Q1  mix. 

If  you  order  from  Amidon,  you 
should  specify  an  FT-37  core 
with  61  mix  if  you  want  a  core 
just  like  the  F625-9  in  Q1  mix. 
Are  you  confused  by  now?  The 
T50-2  is  an  iron*powder  core 
and,  in  my  opinion,  would  not  be 
as  good  as  ferrite  in  this  applica- 
tion. 

Another  way  to  get  the  proper 
core  for  this  transformer  would 
be  to  order  from  Paiomar  Engi- 
neers and  ask  for  their  F-37-Q1 
core.  This  is  exactly  the  same  as 


the  Indiana  General  F625-9  in  Q1 
mix.  Send  60c  each  along  with 
$1,50  per  order  shipping  to 
Paiomar  Engineers.  1520-G  In- 
dustrial Avenue,  Escondido  CA 
92025. 

Jack  Althouse  K6NY 
Paiomar  Engineers 

NOTES  ON  FLYING 

In  reference  to  "A  Flier's 
Guide  to  the  Airways,"  August, 
73, 1  have  been  an  admirer  of  Jim 
Weir  and  the  RST  Company  ever 
since  its  founding— a  truly  out- 
standing and  innovative  opera- 
tion. 

I  do  have  a  couple  of  nit-picks, 
however.  First,  one  does  not 
become  aeronautical  mobile  un- 
til one  is  outside  the  limits  of  the 
continental  USA.  Otherwise, 
you  are  air  mobile  or  simply 
mobile,  By  the  same  token,  one 
does  not  become  maritime  mo- 
bile by  being  in  a  rowboat  with 
an  HT  in  a  local  lake. 

Second,  the  article  must  have 
been  in  the  editor's  in-hasket  for 
a  number  of  years  [Are  our  faces 
red?— Editors].  Aviation  gaso- 
line now  costs  about  $2  per  gal- 
lon and  the  aircraft  mentioned 
in  the  article  would  use  at  least 
$15  worth  of  fuel  per  hour. 

The  article  was  very  useful  to 
me  because  I  had  never  heard  of 
the  Advisory  Circular  20-98, 

One  problem  Jim  did  not  men- 
tion involving  air  mobile  opera- 
tion is  noise.  Most  cockpits  pre- 
sent a  very  noisy  environment 
and  the  average  microphone 
just  canl  cope  with  it.  Even 
many  of  the  "noise  canceling" 
mikes  don't  hack  the  program.  I 
use  a  Turner  "Road  King  50 
Truckers  CB  Special"  and  it  is 
so  effective  that  most  people  do 
not  realize  that  I  am  in  an  air- 
craft (a  noisy  Mooney}.  Unfor- 
tunately, this  microphone  has 
been  out  of  production  for  some 
years.  If  you  see  a  used  one, 
grab  it. 

Ken  Hargrove  W40GP 
Orlando  FL 

Thanks  for  the  clarifications, 
Ken.  Seems  inflation  has  caught 
up  with  the  magazine  business 
in  more  ways  than  one. — Edi- 
tors. 


[ 


A  PHOTON  TORPEDO 


] 


I  take  exception  to  the  theory 
put  forth  by  W4FD  and  W4ATE 
(July,  1 981 ,  p.  52)  that  photons  of 


light  constitute  the  medium 
through  which  radio  waves 
propagate.  The  theory  sounds 
somewhat  plausible,  but  has 
one  major  deficiency.  Namely,  if 
radio  "waves"  need  some  sort 
of  medium  to  travei  in  {such  as 
an  "ocean"  of  light  photons), 
then  what  sort  of  medium  exists 
for  the  propagation  of  light 
"waves"? 

Perhaps,  the  authors  would 
suggest  that  since  radio  waves 
travel  through  light  waves,  then 
light  waves  must  travel  through 
X-rays  and  X*rays  through  gam- 
ma rays.  In  other  words,  perhaps 
there  is  an  infinite  succession  of 
media,  each  having  a  shorter 
wavelength  than  its  predeces- 
sor. But  this  is  impossible, 
because  the  energy  of  photons 
increases  as  their  wavelength 
decreases.  An  infinite  series  of 
media  would  require  an  impossi- 
ble amount  of  energy* 

The  authors  apparently  would 
like  to  ignore  the  fact  that  light 
photons  often  behave  like 
waves.  Light  has  definite  wave- 
like properties  which  easily  can 
be  demonstrated  with  a  lens  or 
diffraction  grating.  Now  since  a 
"wave"  is  usually  interpreted  as 
the  propagation  of  some  sort  of 
"disturbance"  through  some 
sort  of  ''substance,**  It  is 
"logical"  to  assume  that  space 
is  filled  with  some  sort  of 
"aether"  which  transmits  "light 
vacations."  Of  course,  no  such 
substance  has  ever  been  discov- 
ered (except  for  the  ocean  of 
photons  proposed  by  the  above 
authors). 

Perhaps,  the  authors  then 
might  suggest  that  light  waves 
are  propagated  merely  by  virtue 
of  their  particle-ltke  properties 
alone.  If  photons  are  really  par* 
tides,  then  they  can  travel 
through  a  vacuum  without  any 
assistance  from  a  "medium"  at 
all.  We  simply  will  ignore  their 
wave-like  features.  But  if  this  is 
true,  then  we  don*t  need  the 
authors'  theory  at  all,  because  it 
turns  out  that  radio  waves  also 
consist  of  photons  and  there* 
fore  would  not  require  a  "light- 
assist"!  Radio  and  light  are  the 
same  form  of  energy.  The  fact 
that  radio  photons  have  longer 
wavelengths  has  no  bearing  on 
the  matter 

I  also  take  exception  to  the 
authors'  implication  that  a 
photon  has  a  rest  mass  "as 
does  any  solid."  The  man  who 
discovered  the  photon  (Albert 
Einstein)  proved  that  a  photon 
cannot  have  a  rest  mass  be* 


172     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


cause  otherwise  it  could  not 
travel  at  the  speed  of  light.  A 
photon  does  have  energy  and 
this  energy  can  be  equated  to 
mass  by  the  famous  E  -  mc2 
equation.  Therefore,  the  more 
energetic  a  photon  is  (I.e., 
shorter  wavelength),  the  more 
mass  it  will  appear  to  have. 

This  apparent  mass  can  be 
observed  in  such  phenomena  as 
the  solar  wind,  as  the  authors 
correctly  pointed  out.  But 
photons  do  not  exhibit  mass 
properties  such  as  elasticity  or 
rigidity,  which  are  necessary  for 
the  transmission  of  vibrational 
energy  through  a  physical  medi- 
um. 

John  C.  Day 
Ormond  Beach  FL 

That's  easy  for  you  to  say! — Edi- 
tors. 


KUDOS 


I  was  quite  pleased  to  see  a 
review  of  The  Radio  Amateur's 
Conversation  Guide  by  the  two 
very  competent  Finnish  lin- 
guists OH2BAD  and  OH1BR  in 
your  July,  1981,  issue.  I  previous- 
ly had  read  of  this  book  and  its 
authors  in  the  NRRL  magazine, 
Amatorradio,  In  defense  of  the 
lack  of  a  pronunciation  guide  in 
the  book,  I  would  like  to  make 
the  following  comments. 

Given  the  international  scope 
of  this  book,  it  would  be  almost 
impossible  to  give  pronuncia- 
tion guides  in  agreement  with 
everyone's  language,  I  will  agree 
that  there  is  a  need  for  such  a 
pronunciation  guide,  a  need 
which  could  have  been  an- 
swered by  use  of  the  Interna- 
tional Phonetic  Alphabet  (I PA). 
However,  not  everyone  is  famil- 
iar with  the  IPAt  and  extra  pages 
would  have  been  spent  to  ex- 
plain the  numerous  phonetic 
symbols  in  each  of  the  lan- 
guages represented  in  the  book. 
The  availability  of  the  cassette, 
therefore,  is  a  much  easier  and 
more  readily  accessible  answer 
to  the  need  for  a  pronunciation 
guide. 

Realizing  fully  that  most 
Americans  are  considered  al- 
most as  linguistically  ethnocen- 
tric as  French  Quebecoises,  the 
appearance  and  hoped-for  ac- 
ceptance of  such  a  work  as  The 
Radio  Amateur's  Conversation 
Guide  is  heartening,  to  say  the 
least. 

The  age-old  myth  of  the  dif- 
ficulty  in    learning   a   second 


language  is  easily  dispelled  by 
the  sfmple  truth.  Each  of  us  had 
learned  the  essentials  of  one  of 
the  world's  most  notoriously 
confusing  languages  before  any 
of  us  had  learned  to  read  or 
write.  Adding  another  language 
is  a  simple  matter  of  concentra* 
tion,  the  same  concentration 
that  we  all  use  to  learn  the  Inter- 
national Morse  code. 

In  passing,  I  might  also  add 
that  Jukka  and  Miika  Heikrn- 
heimo  are  both  accomplished 
linguists.  Miika  is  a  scholar  of 
ancient  languages  and  theolo- 
gy, and  Jukka,  who  studied  Rus- 
sian and  Spanish  at  Helsinki 
University,  operates  a  transla- 
tion bureau,  complete  with  com- 
puterized text  processing  equip- 
ment. Both  are  to  be  congratu- 
lated for  this  excellent  book. 

Nils  R.  Bull  Young  WB8UN 
New  Carisle  OH 

Si  Hablo  dit-dit?— Editor. 


MULTIMETERS 


After  reading  your  "73  Maga- 
zine Staff*'  article  titled  "Max- 
imize That  Multimeter"  in  the 
June  issue,  I  feel  compelled  to 
write  and  give  my  feelings  about 
some  bad  ideas  expressed  in 
this  article. 

First  of  all,  a  plastic  meter 
case  could  render  the  unit 
worthless  in  the  presence  of 
typically  encountered  rf  levels. 

"Multimeters"  generally  do 
not  have  the  need  for  three 
leads,  but  virtually  all  VTVMs  do. 
The  constant  input  resistance  of 
VTVMs  allows  for  the  conve- 
nience of  the  important  isola- 
tion resistor.  A  VOM,  because  of 
its  input  resistance  change  with 
range  change,  doesn't  have  this 
facility.  For  this  reason,  a  VTVM 
is  necessary  for  dc  voltage  mea- 
surements with  the  presence  of 
a  signal.  The  VOM  without  the 
isolation  resistor  tends  to 
drastically  affect  the  circuit  im- 
pedance (especially  video  and  rf 
circuits,  but  high-impedance  hi- 
fi  amp  circuits  are  not  immune). 
Rf  getting  into  the  VOM  tends  to 
be  rectified  by  the  commonly- 
used  meter-protection  diodes, 
causing  erroneous  readings.  In 
our  studio,  a  Simpson  26€  VOM 
lying  on  the  service  bench  will 
give  a  half-scale  reading  when 
the  leads  are  inserted  but  not 
connected  to  a  circuit. 

At  the  transmitter,  we  have 
found  that  a  VTVM  with  a 
100-megohm  resistor  in  place  of 


the  1-megohm  original  has  both 
given  the  scale  a  xtOfactorand 
made  it  entirely  immune  to  the 
presence  of  rf  around  the 
5-megawatt  ERP  transmitter. 

Using  a  meter  which  has  a 
1*5- V  cell  to  power  the  ohm- 
meter  section  may  produce 
enough  voltage  at  the  probes  to 
turn  on  a  silicon  device,  but 
does  not  do  so  for  all  conditions. 
For  example,  the  full  1.5  V  oc- 
curs at  the  probes  only  for  in- 
finite resistance,  but  at  zero 
Ohms  the  voltage  is  zero.  The 
amount  of  voftage  at  the  probes 
is  between  zero  and  the  1.5  V  as 
measured  on  a  linear  scale  hav- 
ing OV  at  0  Ohms  and  1*5  Vat  in- 
finite Ohms.  A  VTVM  is  the  best 
meter  to  first  visualize  this  rela- 
tionship on.  Therefore,  simply 
use  an  ohmmeter  range  which 
gives  a  reading  with  less  than 
about  0,25  V  across  the  probes, 
and  silicon  devices  are  not 
turned  on.  The  accuracy  of  this 
method  is  good  enough  for  99% 
of  your  service  needs. 

Franklin  E.  Swan  W9SIA 

Chicago  IL 


TORTURE 

Concurrent  with  the  ongoing 
debate  about  dropping  the  code 
requirement  for  a  ham  license, 
the  media  recently  recounted  an 
interesting  story  about  one  of 
our  Vietnam  POWs  who  used 
code  to  communicate  with  the 
outside  world  in  an  unusual 
way.  To  verify  that  the  story  Is 
true,  I  wrote  to  the  Honorable 
Jermiah  A.  Denton,  Jr.,  now  a 
Senator  from  Alabama,  and  he 
did  indeed  bJink  out  "torture" 
with  his  eyelids  while  making  a 
forced  TV  interview.  A  copy  of 
his  reply  is  attached. 
Dear  Mr.  Crom; 

I  sincerely  appreciate  your 
comments  of  June  24 ',  and  am 
giad  to  respond  to  your  request 
for  my  views  on  the  Morse  code 
requirement  in  FCC  licensing  of 
ham  radio  operators. 

The  FCC,  as  you  are  probabiy 
aware,  has  2,400 personnel  with 
which  to  supervise  every  facet 
of  communications  in  the  USA, 
with  only  450  of  these  in  the 
field.  Rigid  rules  and  reliance  on 
self-policing  from  other  opera- 
tors are  both  logicaf  and  neces- 
sary. 

Requiring  proficiency  in 
Morse  code  is  one  way,  a  good 
way — an  economical  way — to 
maintain    both   quality   and 


discipline  in  what  could  quickly 
become  a  nightmare  in  amateur 
radio  operations.  In  my  par- 
ticular case,  had  I  not  known 
Morse  code,  I  would  have  been 
denied  the  one  viable  option  of 
communication  open  to  me 
while  a  prisoner  of  war,  so  /  am 
definitely  in  favor  of  it. 

Jeremiah  A.  Denton,  Jr. 
United  States  Senator 
Washington  DC 
It  is  hoped  that  this  incident 
will  help  motivate  others  to  put 
in  the  little  extra  effort  that  will 
help  keep  ham  radio  from  be- 
coming an  extension  of  the  CB 
mess. 

Russell  C.  W.  Crom  AG9N 
ML  Prospect  IL 


BEING  POSITIVE 


After  being  a  subscriber  and 
reader  for  quite  some  time,  I 
thought  I  would  drop  a  note  to 
you  and  tell  you  how  much  I  en- 
joy both  your  editorial  and  also 
your  magazine.  I  always  read 
your  editorial  first,  followed  by 
Awards,  Leaky  Lines,  and  Look- 
ing West.  Keep  socking  it  to 
those  Connecticut  "good  old 
boys,11  Wayne.  At  least  you 
seem  to  remember  from  week  to 
week  where  you  have  drawn 
your  lines. 

I  don't  know  if  you  still  plug 
dealers  in  your  magazine  but  if 
so,  please  log  up  a  couple  of 
gold  stars  for  the  Electronic 
Center  in  Lincoln,  Nebraska.  I 
acquired  a  Kenwood  TR-7800 
from  them  at  a  recent  ham  test  in 
St..  Paul.  The  nicads  used  for 
memory  retention  would  not 
charge.  I  called  them  up  on  their 
tollfree  number  and  they  ad- 
vised me  to  send  it  to  them.  I  did 
so  and  had  it  back  In  12  days  ful- 
ly ^operational.  Their  tech  claim- 
ed pilot  error  for  the  malfunc- 
tion, but  whatever  the  reason,  it 
works  fine  now. 

Bob  Cronberg  KBOXR 
Plymouth  MN 

Wayne,  Bill,  Dave,  and  Bill  ap- 
preciate your  pat  on  the  back, 
Bob.  Any  fans  of  our  other  col- 
umns out  there?— Editors. 


MR.  DX 


I  would  like  to  express  how 
much  I  enjoy  the  new  DX  column 
by  Yuri  VE3BMV.  This  is  not  the 
kind  of  DX  column  that  I  am  ac- 
customed to  reading  in  any  oth- 
er monthly  ham  radio  magazine. 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     173 


His  column  has  real  informa- 
tion that  can  be  used  on  the  air, 
up-to-the-minute  info  on  the  rare 
ones,  and  great  operating  aids 
for  the  DX  hunter.  It  is  obvious 
that  Yuri  has  a  great  deal  of 
knowledge  of  DXing,  and  is  not 
reluctant  to  share  it  with  us, 

I  took  forward  to  this  valuable 
addition  to  73  Magazine,  You 
fellows  at  the  front  office  have 
really  snagged  a  rare  one  by  get- 
ting Yuri, 

Ron  Brown  WA3CEC 
Dundalk  MD 

Sh-hh-h!  We  don't  want  Yuri  to 
get  a  big  head. — Editors. 


BOHME? 


In  your  editorial  in  the  July 
issue  of  the  magazine,  you  men- 


tioned possible  implemenation 
of  types  of  high-speed  com- 
munication, t  have  had  some  ex* 
perience  in  Bohme,  which  at  the 
time  had  capability  of  600  wpm. 
This  was  in  1943  when  I  was  CO 
of  WVNT,  the  hub  of  Signal 
Corps  communication  in  the 
Middle  East. 

It  is  my  belief  that  this  was  the 
first  time  the  Signal  Corps  at- 
tempted to  operate  their  own 
40-kW  point-to-point  station  out- 
side of  the  USA.  The  location 
was  Asmara  Eriteria,  elevation 
7600*  above  the  Red  Sea  port  of 
Massowa,  and  65  miles  by  road 
from  there.  The  station  was  fit- 
ted with  punched  tape  {Klein- 
schmidt,  or  Bohme)  transmitter 
heads,  and  the  receivers  were 
located  6  miles  away  with  triple 
diversity  operation  output  back 


to  transmitter  location  where 
the  tapes  were  made  for  retrans- 
mission via  Manual  Station  to 
Cairo,  the  Persian  Gulf,  and 
other  stations.  We  also  handled 
all  communication  for  the  oper- 
ations in  north  Africa  until  the 
invasion  of  Oran  and  Algiers, 
when  a  similar  station  was  set 
up  there  (Algiers). 

Today,  with  solid-state  equip- 
ment (Hal)  I  find  that  200  wpm  is 
possible,  and  understand  that 
printers  are  available  commonly 
to  600  wpm.  My  Hal  equipment 
will  print  (on  monitor)  300  baud, 
30  characters/second,  or  1800 
characters/minute,  or  360 
words/minute.  This  is  not  bad 
for  starters.  I  have  experimented 
personally  with  100  to  150 
words/minute.  I  am  going  to  try 
to  work  out  something  with  a 


friend  who  has  the  same  equip- 
ment I  have,  and  will  report 
results. 

I  would  appreciate  any  feed- 
back that  can  come  about  as  a 
result  of  this  work,  I  have  a  kW  to 
a  20-meter  dipole  and  about  600 
W  possible  on  15  and  40  meters 
where,  unfortunately,  few  RTTY 
stations  operate,  I  have  not  tried 
75  meters,  where  I  have  heard 
some  operators. 

Henry  B.  Plant  W6DKZ 
4160  Holly  Drive 

San  Jose  CA  95127 

CW  at  200  wpm?  It's  a  good 
start,  hut  we  can  do  even  better. 
Let's  get  some  reliable 
1200-baud  ASCII  systems  work- 
ing. The  FCC  seems  receptive  to 
ST  As  right  now.  Don't  forget  to 
write  it  up  for  73,— Ed/fors. 


KAHANER  REPORT 


Larry  Kahaner  WB2NEL 
PO  Box  39103 
Washington  DC  20016 

FOR  WHOM  THE  BELL  TOLLS 

AT&T  and  the  Bell  operating 
companies  no  longer  have  the 
only  wheel  in  town.  You've  seen 
the  commercials  for  a  company 
called  MCI:  "You  haven't  been 
talking  too  much,  just  paying 
too  much!11  MCI,  a  company 
which  didn't  exist  until  several 
years  ago,  offers  a  cut-rate  long- 
distance service  which  pushes 
AT&T  long  lines  out  of  the 
picture, 

The  system  is  ingenious  but 
at  the  same  time  simple.  You 
dial  a  local  access  number  (5 
digits);  when  you  hear  the  beep, 
you  enter  a  6-digit  code  number 
(that's  so  they  know  who  to  bill 
the  call  to),  then  the  area  code 
and  phone  number  you  want. 

The  call  is  routed  from  the 
local  access  number  through  a 
network  of  microwave  relays 
until  *t  reaches  the  final  desti- 
nation area.  Then  the  call  con- 
nects back  into  the  local  phone 
network  and  your  hookup  is 
completed. 

As  I  said,  simple.  Ma  Bell  is 
cut  out  of  the  action  except  for 
the  two  local  calls. 

AT&T  tried  to  keep  MCI  from 
skimming  the  cream  off  the  long- 


distance  business,  wouldn't 
connect  their  network,  and  gen- 
erally made  life  miserable  for 
the  company.  MCI  took  them  to 
court  and  won  a  whopping  $1.9 
billion.  AT&T  is,  of  course,  ap- 
pealing the  decision. 

Don't  get  me  wrong.  AT&T  did 
have  reasonable  grievances 
about  the  new  kid  on  the  tele- 
phone block.  AT&T  invested  in 
an  entire  network,  local  and  long 
distance,  and  MCI  is  taking  the 
most  lucrative  part  away.  It's  dif- 
ficult sometimes  to  tee!  sorry  for 
a  monopoly  which  racked  up  a 
$6-billkm  profit  last  year,  but 
they  do  have  a  point. 

Anyway,  MCI  is  doing  very 
well.  1981  fiscal  year  net  income 
totalled  $21  million. 

Ironically,  they're  still  not 
happy.  They  don't  want  their 
customers  pressing  so  many 
buttons.  They  want  you  to  hook 
directly  into  the  local  phone 
loop  without  all  the  fingerwork* 

AT&T  maintains  it  isn't  possi- 
ble, MCI  says  it  is,  and  they 
proved  it.  MCI  cut  a  deal  with  a 
small  independent  telephone 
company  in  northwest  Iowa — 
Northwest  Iowa  Telephone. 
NlTs  2,100  customers  in  three 
Iowa  cities  have  an  equal  choice 
between  dialing  via  AT&T  or 
MCI. 

If  a  caller  dials  "6,"  then  the 


lOdigit  long-distance  phone 
number,  he  goes  MCL  It  he  dials 
"1,"  then  the  10-digit  long-dis- 
tance phone  number,  he  travels 
AT&T.  Service  was  expected  to 
begin  Aug.  1. 

MCI  President  Bill  McGowan 
told  a  group  of  reporters,  "AT&T 
could  do  this  for  us,  but  they 
don't  want  to.  AT&T  argued  that 
it  couldn't  be  done,  but  this 
agreement  proves  otherwise." 

One  funny  note  in  all  of  this; 
The  agreement  was  broached  by 
the  small  telephone  company  to 
protect  its  interests  from  MCI 
which  was  planning  facilities  in 
Sioux  City,  an  area  partially  ser* 
viced  by  NIT.  MCI  would  have  si- 
phoned off  some  of  the  long-dis- 
tance revenue  which  AT&T  kicks 
back  to  the  local  operating  com- 
panies. MCI,  which  used  to  fight 
the  big  bully,  was,  in  this  case,  a 
bully  itself. 

And  a  footnote— Why  did  MCI 
choose  the  number  "6"?  Well, 
because  it  corresponds  to  the 
letter  "M"  for  MCI! 

Okay.  So  MCI—and  to  some 
extent  Southern  Pacific  which 
operates  the  SPRINT  system— 
have  installed  networks  to  re- 
place long-distance  service.  Bell 
still  has  the  local  loops,  right? 
Yes,  but  even  that's  up  for 
grabs,  It  began  about  five  years 
ago  when  Xerox  proposed 
something  with  the  space-aged 
name  of  XTEN.  It  was  to  be  a  lo- 
cal digital  network,  mainly  for 
high-speed  data  traffic  to  and 
from  major  metropolitan  areas. 

This  was  the  plan;  Xerox  was 
going   to    install   a   centrally- 


located  microwave  dish  on  the 
tallest  building  it  could  find. 
(The  second  tallest  would  have 
worked,  too.)  Then  on  your  of- 
fice building,  you  install  a  micro- 
wave dish  which  feeds  data 
from  you  (by  way  of  a  network  in- 
side the  building)  to  the  central 
dish.  The  data  is  then  sent  via 
satellite  or  AT&T  long  lines.  You 
bypass  the  local  phone  compa- 
ny, which  can't  carry  high-speed 
data  in  most  cases,  anyway.  Of 
course,  you're  not  the  only  one 
using  the  system;  others  in  your 
area  are  doing  the  same  thing, 
using  dishes  on  their  buildings. 
Xerox  envisioned  a  mini* 
network  feeding  into  one, 
possibly  two,  central  points, 

Xerox  convinced  the  FCC  that 
this  was  such  a  good  idea  that 
the  Commission  authorized 
DTS,  Digital  Termination  Ser- 
vice, in  the  10-GHz  range.  Xerox 
couldn't  be  happier.  After  all, 
they  were  the  only  ones  thinking 
of  such  a  thing,  and  they  expect- 
ed to  clean  up. 

Well,  things  got  a  little  out  of 
hand.  Management  appeared 
unstable;  changes  were  made. 
In  short,  way  behind  schedule 
and  a  couple  of  bucks  behind, 
Xerox  dumped  XTEN  earlier  this 
year. 

But  alas!  Another  company 
(named  ISACOMM)  has  jumped 
into  the  scene  and  asked  the 
FCC  for  permission  to  offer  a 
similar  service. 

Local  users,  once  thfey  con- 
nect via  microwaves  to  the  cen- 
tral point,  will  have  their  mes- 
sages transmitted  by  satellite  to 


174     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


users  In  other  cities  with  the 
same  setup.  Not  only  is  AT&T 
out  of  the  long-distance  action, 
but  out  of  the  local  action  as 
well. 

ISACOMM  is  owned  by  Insur- 
ance Systems  of  America,  a 
consortium  of  insurance  com- 
panies. Trie  reason  why  they 
backed  the  network  seems 
clear,  Insurance  companies 
must  move  lots  of  high-speed 
data  quickly  and  cheaply. 

But  ISACOMM  isn't  stopping 
there,  According  to  the  filing, 
the  firm  plans  vtdeoteleconfer- 
encing,   voice,   and  other  ser- 


vices. Although  the  intent,  at 
first,  is  clearly  to  serve  its 
backers,  it  may,  one  day.  expand 
to  the  consumer. 

The  initial  plans  call  for  the 
linking  of  30  cities.  The  first  cen- 
tral site  is  Atlanta. 

So,  what  have  we  got  here? 
Competition  for  AT&T  and  the 
local  Bell  operating  companies 
for  the  very  first  time. 

Don't  ask  for  whom  the  bell 
tolls,  Ma  Bell,  It  tolls  for  thee. 

JUST  FOR  THE  RECORD 

The  FCC  has  added  some 
new  commissioners:  Henry  Ri- 
vera, a  New  Mexico  lawyer,  and 


Mirni  Dawson,  a  congressional 
aide.  This  complements  the  full 
commission,  consisting  of 
Chairman  Mark  Fowlerp  James 
Quello,  Joseph  Fogarty,  Abbott 
Washburn,  and  Anne  Jones. 

In  a  personnel  change  more 
directly  affecting  hams,  we 
learned  at  deadline  that  Carlos 
Roberts,  chief  of  the  private 
radio  bureau,  was  planning  to 
leave  at  the  end  of  August.  He 
was  offered  a  job  as  director  of 
land  mobile  development  for 
M/A  Com  Labs  in  Gaithersburg, 
Maryland.  You  may  know  M/A 
Com  as  the  parent  of  Microwave 


Associates,  a  firm  that  sells  mi- 
crowave gear  for  amateur  use. 

His  replacement  will  be 
James  McKinney,  now  chief  of 
the  field  operations  bureau 
McKinney  is  well  respected  and 
has  always  held  ham  radio  in 
high  regard.  On  several  occa- 
sions, at  FCC  meetings,  McKin- 
ney has  called  amateurs  the 
best  disciplined  group  that  the 
Commission  manages.  Maybe 
he  hasn't  listened  to  80m  lately, 
or  perhaps  his  2m  rig  is  on  the 
blink.  Or  maybe,  Just  maybe, 
compared  to  everyone  else, 
we're  tame.  That's  a  scary 
thought. 


and  radio,  while  the  students 
learned  about  operating  by  run- 
ning the  club  stations.  Thus,  the 
youngsters  would  get  the  enjoy- 
ment and  enthusiasm  of  being 
able  to  operate  while  they  are 
learning  the  basics  of  radio. 
^  ^       .     _  \mm  ^-*-  With  this  grounding,  the  teen- 

eCf/tOr/a/    by    IVayne    Green   agers  would  have  a  head  start 
^^^^^^^^^__^^^^^^^_^^^^^^^^^^^^_^^^^^_    toward  technical  careers  in  elec- 

tronics  or  communications. 
Technical  people  are  needed 
desperately  in  small  countries 
such  as  St.  Lucia. 


W2NSD/1 

NEVER  SAY  DIE 


from  page  8 


right  outside  the  back  door  of 
the  room.  Chuck  and  Tim  quick- 
ly  put  up  an  antenna  and  were 
batting  em  out  on  15  meters.  I 
was  able  to  get  in  edgewise  and 
operate,  but  most  of  the  time 
the  band  was  open  to  Europe  in- 
stead of  the  US.  I  didn't  find 
the  pileups  that  I  did  when  op- 
erating from  Turks  and  Caicos 
Islands. 

The  next  morning  we  had  an 
appointment  with  the  Prime 
Minister  of  the  country.  He 
wanted  to  thank  me  for  sending 
Tim  down  last  year  with  the  four 
trunks  of  ham  gear  to  help  them 
after  the  hurricane.  That  was  the 


worst  hurricane  the  island  had 
had  in  a  hundred  years  or  so.  It 
wiped  out  most  of  the  banana 
crop,  demolished  hundreds  of 
buildings,  and  screwed  things 
up  for  a  long  time  to  come. 

This  gave  me  an  entry  to  talk 
about  the  possible  development 
of  ham  clubs  on  St,  Lucia  to  get 
teenagers  interested  in  amateur 
radio.  The  PM  was  very  interest- 
ed in  this  and  I  think  we  may  be 
able  to  get  that  started.  The  idea 
is  simple. . .  Interested  hams  or 
clubs  in  the  US  could  provide 
the  funds  for  club  stations  to  be 
set  up  in  youth  centers  in  St. 
Lucia.  Their  government  would 
provide  someone  to  teach  the 
fundamentals  of  electronics 


This  plan  is  similar  to  the  one  I 
outlined  for  Jordan  and  which 
got  their  youngsters  started  in 
careers  in  electronics. 

If  any  hams  or  clubs  are  inter 
ested  in  helping  this  project,  I 
think  we  can  furnish  a  first-rate 
club  station  for  about  $1,500T 
buying  the  equipment  at  whole- 
sale. Part  of  the  bargain  is  an  op- 
portunity to  make  a  visit  in  a 
year  or  two  and  see  the  hams 
which  your  station  has  devel- 


oped. I  would  like  to  have  as 
many  hams  as  possible  share 
the  thrill  I  had  when  I  visited  Jor- 
dan and  had  a  chance  to  meet 
the  hundreds  of  young  hams 
which  my  first  visit  had  brought 
about. 

St,  Lucia  has  an  advantage 
over  most  countries  in  that  there 
is  no  duty  on  ham  equipment. 
Canada  managed  to  cost  itself 
millions  of  dollars  in  lost  techni- 
cians and  engineers  by  putting  a 
heavy  duty  on  ham  gear.  Indeed, 
there  are  many  countries  where 
just  the  duty  alone  on  a  small  rig 
is  more  than  the  average  ed* 
ucated  local  earns  in  several 
months.  I'm  not  talking  about  a 
sideband  rig— just  a  simple  CW 
transmitter,  I  remember  talking 
with  a  ham  In  Egypt  who  had  to 
spend  four  months'  wages  to 
import  a  ham  rig  sent  to  him  by 
an  enthusiastic  American  ham* 
It  could  have  been  done  at  less 
expense  if  the  American  ham 


That's  the  Prime  Minister  talking  with  me, .  .  with  Tim  to  the  right  of 
me  and  Chuck  to  the  left  side  of  the  picture. 


The  small  and  crowded  streets  of  Castries  on  St.  Lucia  are  jammed 
with  traffic  much  of  the  day.  .  .  just  like  New  York,  The  pace  of  fife 
there  is  slower  and  the  prices  more  reasonable.  Note  the  lady  with 
the  bundle  on  her  head.  Most  of  the  cars  were  Japanese.  .  .  with 
some  Russian  versions  of  the  Land  Rover  growing  in  sales, 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     175 


had  sent  it  in  pieces,  but  even 
so,  the  duty  would  have  been 
painful. 

St.  Lucia  is  a  wonderful  place 
to  visit,  but  I  discovered  that  a 
visit  can  be  dangerous.  I  found 
several  Americans  living  on  the 
island.  They  came  down  just  for 
a  visit,  found  out  about  the  low 
cost  of  living  there  and  the  beau- 
ty of  the  Island . , ,  and  moved 
down.  I  understand  that  one  can 
rent  a  small  house  on  St.  Lucia 
for  about  $100  a  month.  And, 
while  most  of  the  bananas  are 
exported  to  Britain,  you  can  live 
economically  on  Jocal  foods. 

By  the  way,  bananas  grow 
quickly,  so  the  devastation  of 
1380  was  already  just  a  memory. 
Each  time  a  banana  plant  grows 
and  provides  its  bananas,  it  is 
cut  down  and  a  new  plant  grows 
from  the  roots.  Fresh  pineap- 
ples, coconuts,  mangoes,  papa- 
ya, sugar  apples,  and  so  forth 
are  growing  all  over  the  island. 

The  hams  on  St-  Lucia  reflect 
a  wide  area  of  interests,  One 
runs  the  electronics  store  in 
Castries,  the  main  town.  Anoth- 
er Is  a  lawyer.  Another  runs  the 
yacht  club  (and  issues  the  ham 
licenses)* 

We  were  taken  on  a  trip 
around  the  island,  all  the  while 
in  touch  with  most  of  the  active 
hams  via  the  .347.94  repeater. 
This  was  a  beautiful  trip,  show* 
ing  us  the  dryt  the  rainy,  the 
mountains,  and  the  flatlands 
which  make  up  this  small  island. 
It's  about  40  miles  from  one  end 
to  the  other.  I  hope  youll  get  a 
chance  to  see  my  slides. 

On  the  southern  tip  of  the  is- 
land, we  went  to  the  top  of  a 
mountain  and  I  had  the  kick  of 
working  a  chap  who  was  visiting 
Barbados.  Not  bad  for  a  2m 
hand  transceiver. 

We  enjoyed  meeting  the  busi- 
nessmen of  St.  Lucia  at  the  Ro- 
tary meeting,  and  the  hams  got 
together  for  a  big  cocktail  party, 
complete  with  marvelous 
snacks... and  Miss  St.  Lucia, 
the  recent  winner  of  the  island 
beauty  contest. 

None  of  the  hams  was  into 
scuba  diving,  but  they  did  take 
us  to  St.  Lucia  Dtvers,  where 
Chuck,  Tim,  and  \  arranged  for  a 
dive  trip.  Actually,  Chuck  and 
Tim  went  snorkling  while  the 
dtvemaster  and  I  went  down 
with  scuba  gear.  I  had  along  my 
camera  and  a  new  flash  unit, 
and  snapped  pictures  until  the 
film  was  done,  The  dive  spot 
was  beautiful,  even  if  it  was 
about  20  miles  down  the  coast 


from  Castries... a  long,  bone- 
jarring  boat  ride.  The  under- 
water scenery  was  great  for 
both  snorkling  and  scuba,  with  a 
headwall  going  down  sharply 
for  the  adventurous.  There  were 
plenty  of  gorgeous  coral  forma- 
tions  and  colorful  fish. 

After  the  dive,  we  packed  up 
and  went  a  boat-banging  twenty 
miles  back  to  Castries.  I  think 
the  ride  was  more  exhausting 
than  the  dive.  Anyone  with  a 
tendency  toward  seasickness 
should  not  make  that  trip. 
Sherry  wisely  opted  to  hear  all 
about  it  later.  She'd  made  a  simi- 
lar trip  with  Chuck  and  me  at 
Turks  and  decided  not  to  go 
through  that  again.  The  next  trip 
to  St.  Lucia,  I  think  we'll  stay 
at  the  hotel  right  by  the  diving 
spot... near  the  town  of 
Soufnere. 

The  four-day  extended  week- 
end "vacation*'  was  over  all  too 
soon.  Our  hosts  picked  us  up  at 
around  6:00  am  and  drove  us  the 
hour  and  a  quarter  to  the  airport 
and  we  were  on  our  way,  The 
plane  stopped  for  a  few  minutes 
at  Guadeloupe,  but  they 
wouldn't  let  me  off  to  collect  one 
more  country  visited. 

We  soon  were  back  in  the  air 
with  the  next  stop  St.  Croix, 
where  they  have  an  internation- 
al airport.  Here,  we  had  to  get  off 
the  plane  and  go  through  US 
Customs.  I  declared  the  only 
thing  I'd  bought. .  .a  straw  hat. 
On  the  next  hop,  we  flew  over 
Puerto  Rico,  where  I  was  able  to 
take  a  long  shot  of  the  disk  at 
Areclbo,  and  then  on  up  the  is- 
lands. We  went  right  over  Provi- 
denciales,  where  we  had  visited 
in  March,  and  I  took  a  picture  of 
the  Bob  Cooper  estate  and  TV 
receiving  dish.  Soon  we  were  in 
Miami  and  then  on  our  way  to 
Washington. .  .and  Boston. 

Speaking  of  Miami,  on  our 
way  down  to  St.  Lucia  we  had  to 
stop  there.  We  were  met  by  two 
good  friends  of  Tim's,  Don  and 
Mary  Johnson,  who  took  us  for  a 

visit  to  N&G  Electronics, ,  .and 
a  Mexican  lunch.  They  made  the 
stopover  between  flights  a  fun 
time.  1  was  particularly  im- 
pressed by  the  U&G  store  and 
the  amount  of  ham  gear  they 
have  in  stock.  They  showed  me 
the  plans  for  their  new  store, 
which  they  will  be  starting  on 
soon.  It  will  be  in  the  same  gen- 
eral area,  not  far  from  the  air- 
port, but  will  be  much  larger.  A 
good  deal  of  their  business 
comes  from  Latin  America. 
Outside  of  a  short  expedi- 


tion to  Swaziland  and  Lesotho 
in  August,  I  had  nothing  much 
planned  for  a  while.  Those  coun- 
tries were  to  take  me  over  the 
100  mark  in  countries  visited. 
Should  I  start  working  for  200 
or  just  settle  down  and  take  it 
easy?  I  was  on  the  air  from  both 
of  them,  as  well  as  South  Africa. 

INFORMATION  STATIONS 

At  long  last,  microcomputer 
technology  is  beginning  to  real- 
ly get  involved  with  amateur  ra- 
dio. There  is  no  question  in  my 
mind  but  that  it  is  going  to  take 
ovef  and  amateur  radio  will  nev- 
er be  the  same. 

You've  probably  at  least  seen 
pictures  of  the  Radio  Shack 
pocket  computer.  Well,  this  is 
not  a  very  big  computer,  but  it  is 
a  decided  development  over  the 
pocket  calculators.  It  has  a 
small  BASIC  language  built  in. 
so  it  can  be  programmed  to  do 
almost  anything.  .  .and  that  In- 
cludes some  word  processing. 

A  recent  development  in  this 
line  is  Ihe  new  Casio  pocket 
computer  (FX-7Q2P).  .  .a  six- 
ounce  computer  with  a  five- 
pound  manual.  This,  along  with 
the  Sinclair  ZX-80,  which  is  sell* 
ing  for  $150  to  $200  most  places, 
could  be  mated  with  a  ham  dg  to 
provide  a  sort  of  instant  mes- 
sage service.  Let  me  go  into  that 
in  more  detail. 

Those  of  you  who  are  already 
busy  with  microcomputers  are 
aware  of  the  growing  interest  In 
telephone  bulletin  boards,  data 
services,  and  that  sort  of  thing. 
Well,  these  can  just  as  well  be 
organized  over  the  air,  Instead 
of  having  a  W1AW  sending 
hours  and  hours  of  voice  and 
CW  messages  every  day.  a  radio 
bulletin  board  (RBB)  station 
could  sit,  listening  to  a  channel, 
for  any  inquiries.  A  request 
would  bring  on  the  sending  in 
ASCII  of  a  message  which 
would  be  a  menu  of  what  is 
available  from  the  RBB  station. 

The  Inquiring  station  would 
then  select  some  part  of  the 
menu  and  ask  for  that  informa- 
tion. .  .which  would  be  sent  by 
the  RBB  station.  What  sort  of  in- 
formation would  be  appropri- 
ate? Well,  how  about  the  latest 
in  DX  news,  listing  calls,  QSL 
managers,  times  and  frequen- 
cies, dates  of  expected  opera- 
tion?  New  countries  then  could 
be  found  easily.  Or,  how  about 
Westlink  news?  Or  other  news 
reports?  Then  we  could  have  the 


latest  in  FCC  news,  with  release, 
proposed  rule  changes,  dock* 
ets,  and  the  dates  for  comment, 
perhaps  even  some  ideas  on  the 
dockets  to  help  amateurs  ex- 
plore all  aspects  of  the  pro- 
posed rule  changes. 

There  are  many  information 
broadcasts  which  would  be  of 
value  to  amateurs,  once  we  get 
to  thinking  about  them.  We 
could  have  a  repeater  update, 
hamfest  Information,  a  net  di- 
rectory listing  all  active  low- 
band  nets,  their  frequencies, 
times,  and  special  interest,  Traf- 
fic nets  could  be  listed.  Satellite 
information.  The  more  you  think 
about  it,  the  more  information 
comes  to  mind  which  would  be 
of  interest. 

Using  the  old  300-baud  stand- 
ard, which  to  me  is  about  like 
forcing  everyone  to  send  Morse 
code  at  two  words  per  minute, 
we  could  send  about  230  words 
per  minute.  This,  as  I  mentioned 
recently,  is  the  reading  speed  of 
a  very  slow  reader.  This  makes 
as  much  sense  as  two  words- 
per-minuteCW.  I  think  we'll  have 
to  start  out  with  that,  but  I  would 
suggest  an  immediate  push  for 
1,200  baud  as  quickly  as  possi- 
ble. That  brings  us  up  to  about 
1 ,000  words  per  minute,  which  is 
a  lot  better. , ,  but  nowhere  near 
what  we  really  want. 

Since  9,600  baud  is  being 
used  with  success  over  ordinary 
telephone  lines,  I  would  recom- 
mend that  we  move  in  on  that 
standard.  That  would  give  us 
around  a  7,300  words-per-min- 
ute  transfer  of  Information.  Now 
we're  talking  a  second  or  two  for 
each  transmission  and  the  abili- 
ty of  many  stations  to  access 
the  RBB  station  in  a  short  time. 

HOW  IT  MIGHT  WORK 

Let's  imagine  our  bulletin- 
board  station  set  up  on  a  syn- 
thesized channel.  Let's  further 
ask  it  to  identify  occasionally 
and  send  out  regular  pulses  to 
hold  the  channel. .  .perhaps 
one  every  second. 

If  I  want  to  check  on  the  latest 
DX  news,  I  would  type  m  MM?" 
on  my  built-in  microcomputer 
system.  Then,  the  next  time  the 
RBB  polled  the  channel  my  rig 
would  respond  with  that  request 
for  the  menu.  The  RBB  would  im- 
mediately send  a  "bullipp" 
which  would  read  out  on  my 
screen  as  the  menu  of  informa* 
tion  available.  Number  7  might 
be  my  hot  DX  news,  so  I  would 
type  a  "7"  and  a  half-second 


176     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


later,  the  RBB  woutd  poll  my  rig 
and  trigger  it  to  send  the  "7", 
The  RBB  would  then  dump  the 
OX  news,  which  might  sound 
like  a  "beedlerupp"  and  I  could 
then  read  out  the  hot  scoop 
from  my  screen. 

Obviously,  we're  going  to  have 
to  experiment  with  error-correct- 
ing codes  which  will  tell  the  oth- 
er station  how  many  bits  of  in- 
formation  are  going  to  be  ex- 
changed. If  the  right  number 
does  not  get  through,  the  mes- 
sage can  be  repeated. .  ,or  the 
missing  part  of  it  repeated.  We're 
talking  milliseconds,  but  we  still 
may  have  to  cope  with  CW  jam- 
ming  and  other  aggravations. 

TRAFFIC  HANDLING 

Once  we  have  a  communica- 
tions system  which  will  perk 
along  dependably  at  7300  words 
per  minute,  we  obviously  have 
made  it  possible  for  a  way  to 
handle  traffic  that  will  knock  the 
sox  off  voice  or  CW  message 
handling.  Not  only  can  our  mes- 
sages go  through  without  error 
in  a  second  or  two,  but  we  also 
can  address  them  for  automatic 
relaying  on  any  band.  Relaying 
stations  can  be  set  up  to  poll  a 
channel  for  traffic  going  to  that 
area,  perhaps  pulsing  every  min- 
ute or  so  with  a  quick  identifier. 
A  hundred  relay  stations  could 
all  use  the  same  channel  with- 
out interference. 

And  once  we  are  set  up  for 
thatt  imagine  the  value  of  this 
system  for  emergencies.  A 
small  pocket  computer  plugged 
into  our  mobile  rig  would  enable 
us  to  join  such  an  emergency 
net  and  have  our  traffic  sent  and 
received. .  .or  relayed. .  .all  au- 
tomatically. Voice  may  be  a  little 
easier  to  use,  but  the  speedy,  er- 
ror-proof digital  system  would 
win  out.  Of  course,  they  are 
working  hard  on  voice-to-dig  I  tai 
encoding  systems.  They  may 
eventually  get  one  which  works 
well.  Going  from  digital  to  voice 
is  a  lot  simpler. .  that's  even 
built  into  my  pocket  Talking 
Clock  now.  And  I  saw  talking 
wristwatches  at  the  Consumer 
show  in  Chicago.  They  were 
junky,  but  a  hint  of  what  is 
coming, 

EXPERIMENTING 

I  assume  that  we  will  have  the 
usual  number  of  hams  who  will 
do  everything  in  their  power  to 
try  to  fight  progress,  complete 
with  Jamming  experimental 
message-handling  stations. 


I,  you  may  be  able  to  drive  a 
few  pioneers  up  the  wait,  but 
you  really  are  not  going  to  be 
able  to  stop  the  marriage  of 
computers  and  amateur  radio,  if 
you  can't  hefp  us  to  grow  and  in- 
vent new  communications  tech- 
niques, at  least  don't  make  It  so 
difficult  for  those  of  us  who  are 
really  trying. 

I  came  into  amateur  radio  not 
very  long  after  the  last  spark 
transmitter  had  been  outlawed. 
If  you  read  your  old  magazines, 
you'll  find  that  there  were  a 
bunch  of  old-timers  hanging  in 
there,  chanting  "spark  forever" 
right  up  to  the  minute  it  was  il- 
legal for  them  to  use  those  rigs. 
They  fought  progress  as  hard  as 
they  could.  We  had  a  similar  si- 
tuation with  sideband,  with  old- 
timer  AMers  hanging  in  there, 
bitching  and  moaning  and  mak- 
ing a  mess  out  of  the  bands. 

Will  CW  finally  blow  away  as 
the  cost  of  microcomputers 
keeps  coming  down  and  a  com- 
puterized communications  sys- 
tem is  not  much  more  expensive 
than  a  CW  rig  with  a  keyer?  Well, 
who  needs  five  words  per  min- 
ute when  the  same  rig  can  shoot 
out  7300?  For  what?  For  emer- 
gencies? Hell's  bells,  if  there 
ever  is  a  time  when  we  need 
automated  fast  communica- 
tions, it  is  during  an  emergency. 
We  need  to  be  able  to  hook  mo- 
bile, hand-held  rigs,  low  bands, 
satellites,  repeaters. .  .every- 
thing  together  automatically.  If 
we  have  the  system  going  on  an 
everyday  basisT  we'll  have  it 
there  when  we  need  it 

With  satellites  tied  in,  we  will 
be  able  to  reach  any  amateur  in 
the  world  via  autocall  through 
our  traffic-handling  nets.  Well 
have  instant  access  to  enor- 
mous amounts  of  information 
through  RBB  stations.  And  the 
best  part  of  it  is  that  we  really 
have  very  little  to  invent.  We  al- 
ready have  most  of  the  basics 
that  we  need,  with  experimenta- 
tion required  to  find  out  the  best 
way  to  get  it  all  to  work. ,  .and 
then  time  to  get  enough  ama- 
teurs involved  to  make  the  sys- 
tem work. 

WHAT'S  WAYNE  DOING? 

This  is  more  of  a  letter  to  the 
several  thousand  personal 
friends  who  read  73  every 
month.  Helto,  Shep 

80  Microcomputing,  which  I 
started  last  year,  is  doing  excep- 
tionally well,  running  about  300 
pages  and  more  per  month.  I've 


also  started  a  monthly  dump  of 
the  programs  from  this  maga- 
zine on  cassettes  called  Load 
80.., another  winner.  Then 
there  is  the  Encyclopedia  80,  a 
monthly  book  of  material  on  the 
TR5-80.  .  .things  not  published 
anywhere  else... and  a  cas- 
sette dump  of  the  programs  for 
this  called  Encyclopedia  Load- 
er. That  brings  the  monthly  pub- 
lications to  eight,  if  we  include 
Desktop  Computing. 

There  are  six  more  publica- 
tions In  prospect,  including  one 
for  satellite  TV,  one  for  women's 
health,  an  Apple  magazine... 
and  so  on.  Desk  op  Computing 
will  be  out  this  month,  the  first 
computer  magazine  written  to- 
tally in  plain  language. 

As  if  that  isn't  enough  to 
keep  track  of,  we  are  working  to- 
ward starting  a  technical  insti- 
tute to  teach  microcomputers, 
electronics,  and  publishing.  I'm 
hoping  that  something  can  be 
done  to  get  our  government  to 
help  students  from  Third  World 
countries  to  come  and  get  an  as- 
sociate degree  in  electronics  so 
that  they  wilt  be  able  to  go  back 
home  and  help  the  growth  of 
communications. .  .and  educa- 
tion. 

Russia  and  Cuba  are  still  go- 
ing strong  helping  emerging  na- 
tions with  education,  but  their 
education  has  that  political  fla- 
vor we  really  don't  need  today.  I 
wish  that  the  US  would  recog- 
nize the  importance  of  helping 
smaller  countries  develop  and 
not  Ignore  them  until  it  is  too 
late. 

The  Instant  Software  division 
is  in  a  fast-growth  mode.  It  takes 
up  most  of  the  Elm  Street  build- 


ing and  has  the  largest  micro* 
computer  lab  in  the  world.  Over 
10t000  programs  have  been  sort- 
ed through  and  evaluated,  with 
about  1,000  being  okayed  for 
mass  publication.  Most  of  these 
are  for  the  TRS-80T  but  we're 
making  a  major  effort  to  get 
these  converted  for  use  on  the 
Apple  and  Atari.  We're  also 
working  to  get  programs  written 
or  converted  for  the  Casio  com* 
puters...the  702P  and  their 
new  9000. 

My  recent  visits  to  the  major 
microcomputer  firms  have  been 
encouraging.  A  year  ago,  none 
of  them  really  appreciated  the 
importance  of  software  to  the 
sale  of  their  product ...  now 
only  Radio  Shack  seems  to  still 
have  its  corporate  head  in  the 
software  sand.  This  could  be 
the  breakthrough  that  Apple 
needs  to  get  ahead  of  Tandy. 
Of  course,  this  means  more 
and  more  business  for  Instant 
Software. 

Our  Irish  plant  is  now  running, 
supplying  software  for  Europe 
and  Africa.  I  was  in  Africa  for 
three  weeks  in  August.  There 
was  a  microcomputer  exposi- 
tion in  Johannesburg,  and  I 
spoke  there  on  world  microcom- 
puter Industry  trends,  software 
developments,  and  so  on.  I  also 
had  an  opportunity  to  address 
the  Apple  dealers  and  bring 
them  up  to  date  on  the  world  Ap- 
ple situation. 

Outside  of  that.  .  .and  being 
the  president  of  the  Peter- 
borough Chamber  of  Commerce 
this  year,  I'm  loafing  around.  As 
Dorothy  Parker  once  wrote, 
burning  your  candle  at  both 
ends  makes  such  a  pretty  flame. 


I'm  looking  for  ham  call  li- 
cense plates  for  my  collection,  I 
would  like  to  swap  for  or  buy 
plates  from  other  states  and 
provinces. 

Bryan  Hastings  KA1HY 

64  Concord  Street 

Peterborough  NH  03458 

{603)-924-69Q2 

Does  anyone  know  of  any  CW 
nets  that  a  greenhorn  might  be 
able  to  check  into  to  improve  his 
CW  operating  proficiency?  I'm 
not  permitted  to  handle  third- 


party  traffic  and  even  in  the  Nov* 
ice  band  I  get  clobbered  by 
QRM.  Any  suggestions  would  be 
appreciated-  Many  thanks. 

Ciano  R.E.  Strachan  C6ANI 

PO  Box  N4106 
Nassau  NP  Bahamas 

I  am  looking  for  Information 
on  the  HW- 12-22-32  t  riband  con- 
version made  by  Dynalab. 

Jim  Fyles  WBOCZI 

820  El  Paso  Blvd. 

Denver  CO  80221 

(303)-428-6860 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     177 


OSCAR  ORBITS 


Curtesy  of  AMSAT 

TUNING  IN  TO  OSCAR  8 

OSCAR  8  is  the  only  amateur  satellite  available  for  everyday  com- 
munications. Using  the  satellite  for  two-way  contacts  requires  a 
2-meter  signal  of  about  100  W  ERP.  This  can  be  achieved  either  by 
using  a  linear  amplifier  or  by  erecting  a  high-gain  antenna  which  is 
movable  in  both  azimuth  and  elevation.  Such  complexities  are  un- 
necessary, however,  if  you  simply  want  to  listen  to  OSCAR  8.  In  fact, 
listening  to  OSCAR  8*s  10-meter  downlink  is  a  fairly  simple  pro- 
cedure  and  an  excellent  introduction  to  the  fun  of  satellite  con> 
munications.  The  satellite  operates  in  Mode  A  (10-meter  downlink) 
on  Monday,  Tuesday,  Thursday,  and  Friday.  The  only  equipment  re- 
quired is  a  receiver  capable  of  tuning  the  high  end  of  the  10-meter 
band  and  an  omnidirectional  antenna  or  dipote  for  10  meters.  You 
will  also  need  some  idea  of  when  the  satellite  is  in  range.  The  simple 
method  outlined  below  will  help  you  determine  when  to  listen  for 
OSCAR  8,  and  it  requires  nothing  more  than  a  pencil,  paper,  and  a 
pocket  calculator.  The  method  works  satisfactorily  for  all  locations 
in  the  northern  hemisphere. 


WHEN  AND  WHERE 

The  first  step  in  using  the  data  in  the  chart  of  orbital  information 
on  this  page  is  to  divide  a  sheet  of  paper  into  three  columns  labeled 
"Orbit  No.,"  "Time,1'  and  "Crossing."  Select  a  day  that  OSCAR  8  is 
scheduled  to  be  in  Mode  A,  and  write  the  corresponding  orbit 
number  from  the  chart  in  your  first  column.  Then  get  the  time  and 
equatorial  crossing  longitude  from  the  same  row  of  the  chart  and 
write  them  in  the  second  and  third  columns.  You  should  now  have 
one  row  of  data  on  your  paper,  the  same  data  found  in  the  chart  for 
the  date  you  have  selected.  At  this  point,  you  are  ready  to  calculate 
the  equatorial  crossing  time  and  longitude  for  each  orbit  of  the 
selected  day.  A  pocket  calculator  wi  1 1  be  helpful  for  this,  but  even  so, 
the  process  will  be  time  consuming-  We  all  must  make  sacrifices  in 
the  name  of  progress! 

Now,  add  1  to  the  orbit  number  and  write  the  result  just  below  the 
first  orbit  number.  Add  103  minutes  (1  hour,  43  minutes)  to  the 
original  time  in  row  one  and  write  the  result  in  column  two  of  the  sec- 
ond row.  Finally,  add  26  degrees  to  the  longitude  in  row  one  and 
write  the  result  in  column  three  of  row  two.  You  should  now  have  two 
complete  rows  of  data  in  the  homemade  table  you  are  constructing. 
Repeat  this  procedure,  addrng  1t  103.  and  26  to  the  most  recent 
numbers  in  columns  one,  two,  and  three  until  the  total  in  column  two 
exceeds  2400  hours*  indicating  that  you  have  reached  the  end  of  one 
day's  calculations.  Whenever  the  total  in  column  three  exceeds  360. 
simply  subtract  360  from  the  number  before  writing  it  into  the  table. 
There  should  be  14  or  15  rows  of  data  in  your  completed  table. 

What  you  have  just  done  is  to  develop  a  table  showing  the  orbit 
number,  crossing  time,  and  equatorial  crossing  longitude  for  each 
orbit  in  the  selected  day.  In  essence,  you  have  filled  in  the  gaps  in 
the  charts  printed  in  the  magazine,  which  show  data  for  only  the  first 
orbit  of  the  day.  A  new  table  must  be  created  for  each  day  you  plan 
to  listen  for  OSCAR  8. 

We  are  almost  ready  to  choose  a  time  for  listening  to  OSCAR  8, 
but  you  must  first  determine  your  longitude.  This  is  easily  done  by 
consulting  a  road  map,  most  of  which  show  longitude  and  latitude 
around  the  perimeter.  Now  examine  your  homemade  table  Scan  the 
third  column,  looking  for  crossing  longitudes  which  are  between  ap- 
proximately 10  degrees  west  of  your  longitude  and  35  degrees  east 
of  your  longitude.  You  should  find  two  or  three  suitable  longitudes  in 
your  table.  When  you  find  them,  go  across  to  column  two  and  circle 
the  times  corresponding  to  these  longitudes.  On  the  day  in  question, 


those  are  the  best  times  to  start  listening  for  OSCAR  8,  If  you  live 
near  the  equator,  you  will  begin  to  hear  the  satellite  a  few  minutes 
before  the  calculated  time,  while  more  northerly  listeners  wilt  hear  it 
after  the  calculated  time. 

This  is  a  relatively  crude  calculation,  but  it  should  allow  you  to 
hear  OSCAR  8  reliably.  It  is  important  to  remember  that  the  satellite 
operates  on  Universal  Time  (UTG).  Thus,  when  we  speak  of  Monday 
being  a  Mode  A  day,  we  are  referring  to  Monday  UTC,  not  Monday 
local  time, 


WHAT  YOU'LL  HEAR 
The  OSCAR  8  10-meter  downlink  spans  the  frequency  range  from 
29.400  to  29.500  MHz.  A  Morse  telemetry  beacon  on  29.400  MHz 
transmits  continuously  at  20  wpmT  sending  coded  information 
about  the  condition  of  the  satellite.  The  telemetry  consists  of 
several  groups  of  three  digits  each.  Listening  for  the  telemetry 
beacon  is  a  good  way  to  be  sure  you  are  hearing  OSCAR  8  and  not 
some  other  amateur  activity  on  the  same  frequency. 

When  the  satellite  is  in  range,  you  will  hear  many  QSOs  in  prog- 
ress simultaneously  in  the  100  kHz  that  comprises  the  communica- 
tions passband.  Although  satellite  users  tend  to  stick  to  a  band  plan 
which  calls  for  CW  at  one  end  of  the  passband  and  SSB  at  the  other, 
there  is  considerable  mixing  of  the  modes.  OSCAR  contacts  tend  to 
be  shortt  since  the  satellite  is  in  range  for  a  maximum  of  only  20 
minutes. 

if  you  have  435-MHz  receiving  capability,  try  listening  to  OSCAR 
8's  Mode  J  transponder.  Its  downlink  is  435.100  to  435.200  MHz. 
Mode  J  is  activated  on  Saturday,  Sunday,  Tuesday,  and  Friday  (note 
that  OSCAR  8  is  in  Modes  A  and  J  simultaneously  on  Tuesday  and 
Friday)*  The  Mode  J  telemetry  beacon  can  be  found  al  435.090  MHz. 

You  may  have  noticed  that  Wednesday  is  not  mentioned  as  either 
a  Mode  A  or  Mode  J  day.  This  is  because  Wednesday  is  set  aside  for 
special  experiments  and  the  satellite  is  not  available  for  normal 
communications  use.  although  you  are  welcome  to  listen  to  the 
days  activities. 

When  listening  to  OSCAR,  you  will  notice  that  the  frequency  of 
the  transmissions  from  the  satellite  is  constantly  changing.  This  is 
the  famous  Doppler  shift,  caused  by  the  high  relative  velocity  be- 
tween you  and  the  satellite  (thousands  of  miles  per  hour!).  You  will 
need  one  hand  on  the  tuning  knob  almost  continuously  during  an 
OSCAR  8  pass. 

OSCAR  represents  an  exciting  opportunity  to  learn  and  perfect  a 
new  communications  technique,  and  listening  will  get  you  started. 
For  more  information  about  amateur  satellites,  write  to  the  Amateur 
Satellite  Corporation  (AMSAT).  PO  Box  27,  Washington  DC  20044.— 
WB8BTH. 


ORBITAL  INFORMATION 


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178     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


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73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981     179 


HM  HELP 


I  would  like  to  contact  anyone 
concerning  the  construction  of 
the  "Heterodyne  Deviation  Me- 
ter" as  published  in  the  ARRL 
Radio  Amateur's  Handbook  and 
in  the  FM  and  Repeaters  Hand- 
book, In  particular,  I  need  to 
Know  the  type  of  crystal  used, 

Dave  Harper  W4NIQ 
Route  2,  Llncove 

Fayetteville  TN  37334 

I  am  looking  for  a  schematic 
or  manual  on  several  pieces  of 
equipment:  (1)  Sylvania  Electric 
TV  marker  generator,  type  501; 
(2)  Weston  model  779  Analyzer 
VOM;  (3)  HaMicrafters  model 
S38C;  (4)  RCA  Voltohmyst  #195A- 
I  wilt  be  glad  to  pay  for  any  copy- 
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Lorin  McNutt  KA9BZP 

5460  West  1200  South 

Fairmount  IN  46928 


I  need  information  on  a  crys- 
tal filter  marked  as  follows: 
Filtech  Corp,  Crystal  Filter  C.F. 
7.825  MHz— model  2131  P/K 
780055.  I  believe  this  unit  was 
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and  will  greatly  appreciate  any 
data  on:  (a)  no,  of  poles;  (b)  band- 
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C.A.  Carhoun,  WB1ACU 

11 A  Harold  Street 
Harwich  Port  MA  02646 

I  am  looking  for  a  source  of 
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180     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     181 


THE   PROFESSIONAL. 

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ENCODER 


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182     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     183 


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6061  T6  Aluminum 

*  Complete     2t  3  or  4  element 
models  available  or 

*  Components  such  as  Spreaders, 
Spiders,  Booms  etc.  may  be  pur- 
chased separately 

For  FREE  Six  Page  Descriptive 
Brochure  and  Price  Sheet,  Send 
S.A.S.E.  to: 


^466 


db+  enterprises  -CD- 

P.O.  Box  24  •  Pine  Valley.  N.Y.  14872  ^^^ 


Radio  Amateurs 


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Azden  PC53Q0Q2m 

Santec  HT12002m  Handheld 

New!  KDK  2025  MKII 

Janel  OSA5  2m  Preamp 

Bearcat  220  Scanner 

Kantromcs  FDII  Code  Reader 

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Ben  Franklin  Electronics 

1 15 Vj  N  Main       HMsboro  KS  67063 
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184     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Synthesized 

Hand-Held 

Scanner! 

Chances  are  the  police;  fire  and  weather 
emergencies  you'll  read  about  in  tomor- 
row's paper  are  coming  through  on  a 
scanner  right  now.  All  scanners  sold  by 
Communications  Electronics  bring  the 
real  live  excitement  of  action  news  into 
your  home  or  car.  With  your  scanner,  you 
can  monitor  the  exciting  two-way  radio 
conversations  of  police  and  fire  depart- 
ments, intelligence  agencies,  mobile  tele- 
phones, energy/oil  exploration  crews, 
drug  enforcement  agencies  and  more. 

Some  scanners  can  even  monitor  aircraft 
transmissions'  You  can  actually  hear  the 
news  before  it's  news.  If  you  do  not  own  a 
scanner  for  yourself,  now's  the  time  to  buy 
your  new  scanner  from  Communications 
Electronics.  Choose  the  scanner  that' s  right 
for  you,  then  call  our  toll-free  number  to 
place  your  order  with  your  Visa  or  Master 
Charge  card. 

We  give  you  excellent  service  because  CE 
distributes  more  scanners  worldwide  than 
anyone  else.  Our  warehouse  facilities  are 
equipped  to  process  thousands  of  scanner 
orders  every  week  We  also  export  scanners 
to  over  300  countries  and  military  instal* 
lations.  Almost  all  items  are  in  stock  for 
quick  shipment  so  if  you're  a  person  who 
prefers  fact  to  fantasy  and  who  needs  to 
know  what's  really  happening  around  you, 
order  your  scanner  today  from  CE! 

NEW!  Bearcat  350 

Tli a  Ultimate  Synthesized  Scanner! 

Allow  30-120  days  for  delivery  after  receipt  of 
order  due  to  the  high  demand  for  this  product 
List  price  S599.95/CE  price  $419.00 
7 -Band,  SO  Channel  *  Alpha-Numeric  e  No- 
crystal  scanner  •  AM  Aircraft  and  Public 
Service  bands.  •  Priority  Channel  •  AC/ DC 
Bands:  30-50,  11 8- 136  AM.  144-174,421-512  MHz, 
The  new  Bearcat  350  introduces  an  mcredlble 
breakthrough  In  synthesized  scanning:  Alpha- 
Numeric  Display.  Push  a  button— and  the  Vacuum 
Fluorescent  Display  switches  from  "numeric"  to 
word  descriptions  of  what's  being  monitored,  50 
channels  in  5  banks.  Plus,  Auto&  Manual  Search, 
Search  Direction,  Limit  &  Count.  Direct  Channel 
Access.  Selective  Scan  Delay.  Dual  Scan  Speeds. 
Automatic  Lockout  Automatic  Squelch.  Non- Volatile 
Memory.  Reserve  your  Bearcat  350  ioday1 

Bearcat®  300 

List  price  S549.95/CE  price  $349.00 
7-Band,  50  Channel  •  Service  Search  *  No- 
crystal  scanner  •  AM  Aircraft  and  Public 
Service  bands.  •  Priority  Channel  a  AC/ DC 

Bands:  32-50,  1 18-136  AM.  144-174.421-512  MHz. 
The  Bearcat  300  is  the  most  advanced  automatic 
scanning  radio  that  has  ever  been  offered  to  the 
public  The  Bearcat  300  uses  a  bright  green  t\ yo- 
re scent  digital  display,  so  it's  ideal  for  mobile 
applications.  The  Bearcat  300  now  has  these  added 
features;  Service  Search,  Display  Intensity  Control, 
Hold  Search  and  Resume  Search  *teyst  Separate 
Band  Heysto  permit  lock- in/lock- out  of  any  band  (or 
more  efficient  service  search. 


Bearcat®  250 

List  pnce  $429  95  C€  pnce  S2790O 
6-Bandt  50  Channel  •  Crystalless  a  Searches 
Stores  •  Recall  a  •  Digital  clock  •  AC/ DC 
Priority  Channel  •  Delay  •  Count  Feature 

Frequency  range  32-50,  146-174.  420-512  MHz 
The  Bearcat  250  performs  any  scanning  function  you 
could  possibly  want.  With  push  button  ease  you  can 
program  up  to  50  channels  for  automatic  monitoring. 
Push  another  button  and  search  tor  new  frequencies. 
There  are  no  crystals  to  limit  what  you  want  to  hear.  A 
special  search  feature  of  the  Bearcat  250  actually 
stores  64  frequencies  and  recalls  l hem  one  at  a  time. 
Overseas  customers  should  order  the  Be  a  rcat  250  FB 
at  S37900  each.  Thts  model  has  220  V  AC/ 12  V  DC 
power  supply  and  66-88  MHz  low  band  coverage. 

NEW!  Bearcat®  20/20 

List  price  S449  95  CE  price  $289.00 
7- Band,  40  Channel  *  Crymtallmma  •  Search em 
AM  Aircraft  and  Public  Service  bands  •  AC/ DC 
Priority  Channel  *  Direct  Channel  Access  ■  Delay 

Frequency  range  32-50,  118-136  AM,  144-174,420-512  MHz 

The  Bearcat  20/20  automatic  scanning  radio 
replaces  the  Searcaf  220  and  monitors  40  frequen- 
cies from  7  bands,  including  aircraft.  A  two-position 
switch,  located  on  the  front  panel,  allows  monitoring 
of  20  channels  at  a  time. 

Bearcat®  21 OXL 

Ust  pnce  S34&.95;'CE  price  $229.O0 
e-Bendt  18  Channel  •  Crystailaas  •  AC/ DC 
frequency  range   32  5Q.  144-174.  421-512  MHz 
The  Bearcat  2 1 0XL  scann  ing  radio  is  the  second  gener- 
ation  scanner  that  replaces  the  popular  Bearcat  210 
and  211.  It  has  almost  twice  the  scanning  capacity  of 
the  Bearcat  210  with  18  channels  plus  dual  scanning 
speeds  and  a  bright  green  fluorescent  display.  Auto- 
matic search  finds  new  frequencies  Features  scan 
delay,  single  antenna,  patented  tr ack  tuning  and  moret 

Bearcat®  160 

List  pnce  S299.95/CE  price  S189  00 

5- Band,  19  Channel  *  AC  only  *  Priority 

Dual  Scan  Speeds  *  Direct  Channel  Access 

Frequency  range:  32-50.  144-174,  440*512  MHz 
Would  you  believe  the  Bearcat  160  Is  the  least 
expensive  Bearcat  crystalless  scanner. 

This  scanner  presents  a  new  dimension  fn 
scanning  form  and  function.  Look  at  the  smooth 
keyboard.  No  buttons  to  punch.  No  knobs  to  turn. 
Instead,  finger-tip  pads  provide  control  of  alt  scanning 
operations,  including  On/Off.  Volume  and  Squelch  Of 
course  the  Bearcat  160  incorporates  other  advanced 
Bearcat  features  such  as  Priority,  Direct  Channel  Access. 
Dual  Scan  Speeds.  Lockout  Scan  Delay  and  more, 

NEW!  Bearcat®  100 

The  fir*  t  no- cry &t ml  program m  able  handheld  s cmnnmr. 
Allow  60-150  days  lor  delivery  alter  receipt  ot 
order  due  to  the  high  demand  for  this  product* 
List  price  S449.9S/CE  price  $299.00 
S'Bandf  Iff  Channel  •  Liquid  Crystal  Display 
Search  •  Limit  *  Hold  ■  Lockout  •  AC/ DC 
frequency  range:  30*50,  138-1  74t  406-5  12  MHz. 
The  world's  first  no-crystal  handheld  scanner  has 
compressed  into  a  3"  x  7"  x  1 W*  case  more  scanning 
power  than  is  found  in  many  base  or  mobile  scanners 
The  Bearcat  100  has  a  full  16  channels  with  frequency 
coverage  that  mcluoes  all  public  service  bands  (Low, 
High.  UHF  and  "V  bands),  the  2-Meter  and  70  cm. 
Amateur  bands,  plus  Military  and  Federal  Government 
frequencies.  It  has  chrome- plated  keys  for  functions 
that  are  user  controlled,  such  as  lockout  manual  and 
automatic  scan.  Even  search  is  provided,  both  manual 
and  automatic.  Wow... what  a  scanned 

The  Bearcat  1 00  produces  audio  power  output  of  300 
milliwatts,  is  track-tuned  and  has  selectivity  of  better 
than  50  dB  down  and  sensitivity  Of  0  6  microvolts  on 
VHF  and  1 .0  microvolts  on  UHF,  Power  consumption  is 
kept  extremely  tow  by  using  a  liquid  crystal  display  and 
exclusive  low  power  integrated  circuits 

Included  in  our  low  CE  price  is  a  sturdy  carrying  case, 
earphone,  battery  charger/ AC  adapter,  six  AA  m-cad 
battenes  and  flexible  antenna.  For  earliest  delivery 
from  CE,  reserve  your  Bearcat  100  today. 


Bearcat®  5 


NEW!  Bearcat®  35D 


List  price  S134.95/CE  price  $94.00 

4- Band,  &  Crystal  Channels  •  Lockout  *  AC  only 

Frequency  range  33-50.  146-174,  450-508  MHz. 
The  Bearcat 5  is  a  value-packed  crystal  scanner  built  for 
the  scanning  professional  —  at  a  price  the  first-time 
buyer  can  afford.  I  n  dividual  lockout  switches.  Order  one 
crystal  certificate  for  each  channel 

Bearcat-  Four  Six  ThinScan" 

List  price  Si 89  95. /CE  price  S124.0O 
Frequency  range:  33-4  7,  152-164.  450*508  MHz 
The  incredible.  Bearcat  Four-Si*  Thin  Scan"  is  like 
having  an  information  center  in  your  pocket  This  tour 
band.  6  channel  crystal  controlled  scanner  has  patented 
Track  Tuning  on  UHF.  Scan  Delay  and  Channel  Lockout 
Measures  2^4  x  6ft  x  1!  Includes  rubber  ducky  antenna 
Order  cry  sta  I  certificate  I  or  each  cha  nn  el .  M  ade  i  n  Ja  pa  n. 

TEST ANY  SCANNER 

Test  any  scanner  purchased  from  Communications 
Electronics"  for  31  days  before  you  deride  lo  keep  it.  If  for 
any  reason  you  are  not  completely  satisfied,  return  II  in 
original  condition  with  alt  parts  m  31  days,  for  a  prompt 
refund  (less  shipping'  handling  charges  and  rebate  credilsi 


Fanon  Slimline  6-HLU 

Ust  price  5169  95/CE  price  $109  CO 
Low  cost  6-channei,  4* bend  scanner! 
The  fanon  Slimline  G-HLU  grves  you  eta  channels  ot  crystal 
Con  I  rolled  excitement  Unique  Automatic  PeaK  Tuning  Qrcu  it 
adjusts  the  receiver  front  end  for  maximum  sensMiviiy 
across  the  entire  UHF  band  Individual  channel  lockout 
switches.  Frequency  range  30-50,  146*175  and  450-512 
MH2,  Size-  2W  x6Y*  x  1"  Includes  rubber  duchy  antenna- 
Order  crystal  certificates  for  each  channel.  Made  in  Japan 

Fanon  Slimline  6-HL 

Ust  price  S149.95/CE  price  599,00 

9-Channel  parformmncm  at  4'Chmnn+l  comti 

Frequency  range.  30-50,  146-175  MHz. 

It  you  don't  need  the  UHF  band,  get  this  model  and  save 

money  Same  high  performance  and  features  as  the  model 

HLU  witnoui  trie  UHF  bend.  Order  crystal  certificates  lor 

each  channel  Made  m  Japan 

OTHER  SCANNERS  «  ACCESSORIES 

NEW!  Regency  t  D610  Scanner    S319.00 

NEWi  Regency"  0300  Scanner.,.. S2T9.Q0 

NEWI  Regency"  01 00  Scanner , . .  5 1 69.00 

NEWi  Regency*  H604  Scanner $  1  2900 

Regency'  M400  Scanner ,  .  ,  r . T,  $259,00 

Regency'  Ml  00  Scanner. , . . . , 51 99,00 

Regency'  Rt 040  Scanner Si 49.00 

SCMA-6  Fanon  Mobile  Adapter.  Battery  Charger S49  00 

CHB-6  Fanon  AC  Adapter/ Bartery  Charger  SI  5  00 

CAT-6  Fanon  carrying  esse  *itn  belt  clip $15  00 

Al/C-3  Fanon  auto  lighter  adapter/Battery  Charger      S 1 5  00 
PSK-6  Base  Power  Supply/Bracket  for  5CMA-6  . . .  S20  00 

SPSO  8 aarcar  AC  Adapter  $9  00 

SP51   B&arcst  Battery  Charger  ...... .$9.00 

SPSS  dearest  4-6  ThmScan*  carrying  case.   , $12  00 

MA506  Regency  carrying  case  lor  h-604 Si  5.00 

FB*E  Frequency  Direclory  tor  Eastern  USA.  ......  51 2  00 

FB-W  Frequency  Directory  tor  Western  U.S. A Si  2.00 

FFD  Federal  Frequency  Directory  for  USA $1 2.00 

TSG  "Top  Secret"  Reg Lst ry of  U . S  G over nment  Freq. . . .  5 1 0  00 

B-4  1  2  V  AAA  Ni~Cad  batteries  (set  ot  tour) $9.00 

A-1 35 cc  Crystal  certificate .....  .$3  00 

Add  S3  00  shipping  for  all  accessories  ordered  at  the  same  time 

INCREASED  PERFORMANCE  ANTENNAS 

If  you  want  the  utmost  m  performance  from  your 
scanner,  it  is  essential  in  at  you  use  an  external  antenna 
We  have  six  base  and  mobile  antennas  specifically 
designed  for  receiving  all  bands.  Order  #A60  is  a 
magnet  mount  mobile  antenna.  Order  *  A61  is  a  gutter 
dip  mobile  antenna.  Order  #A62  is  a  trunk-lip  mobile 
antenna.  Order  #A€3  Is  a  Ik  inch  hole  mount  Order 
#A64  is  a*i  inch  snap- In  mount,  and  #A70  isan  all  band 
base  station  antenna,  All  antennas  are  $35-00  and 
$3,00  for  UPS  shipping  in  I  he  continental  United  States 

BUY  WITH  CONFIDENCE 

To  get  the  imstmet  dmliwmrv  front  CE  of  any  scanner,  send 
or  phone  your  order  directly  to  our  Scanner  Distribution 
Cent  err  Be  sure  to  calculate  your  price  using  the  CE  prices 
in  this  ad  Michigan  residents  please  add  4%  sates  tax. 
Written  purchase  orders  are  accepted  from  approved  gov* 
emment  agencies  and  most  well  rated  firms  at  a  10% 
surcharge  for  net  10  billing  All  sales  are  subject  to  avails- 
bilrty.  acceptance  and  verification  Alt  sales  on  accessories 
are  t\nsi  Prices,  terms  and  specifications  are  subject  to 
change  without  notice  Out  of  stock  items  will  be  placed  on 
backorder  automatically  unless  CE  is  instructed  differenliy 
Most  products  that  we  sell  have  a  manufacturers  warranty 
Free  copies  of  warranties  on  these  products  are  available 
prior  to  purchase  by  writing  [o  CE.  International  orders  are 
Invited  wilh  a  520. DO  surcharge  tor  special  handling  in 
addition  to  shipping  charges.  Ail  shipments  are  F.O.B  Ann 
Arbor.  Michigan.  No  COD's  please.  Non-cerirtied  and  foreign 
checks  require  bank  clearance  Minimum  order  $3500 

Mail  orders  to:  Communications  Electron ics,~ 
Box  1002P  Ann  Arbor.  Michigan  48106  U,S-A.  Add 
S7.00  per  scanner  or  phone  product  for  U.P.5. 
ground  shipping  and  handling,  orS1 4,00  for  faster 
U,P.S.  air  shipping  to  some  locations,  tf  you  have  a 
Master  Charge  or  Visa  card,  you  may  call  anytime 
and  place  a  credit  card  order.  Order  toll  free  in  the 
U.S.A.  Dial  800-521-4414.  It  you  are  outside  the 
US.  or  in  Michigan,  dial  313-994-4444.  Dealer 
inquiries  Invited.  Order  without  obligation  today! 

Scanner  Distribution  Center"  and  CE  logos  are  trade- 
marks ot  Communications  Electronics* 
tBearca!  is  a  lederalty  registered  trademark  ot  £lectra 
Company,  a  Division  of  Masco  Corporation  of  Indiana. 
%  Regency  is  a.  federally  registered  trademark  or  Regency 
Electronics  Inc 
Copyright  =  1981  Communications  Electronics" 


TV 


^377 


COMMUNICATIONS 
ELECTRONICS" 

S54  Ph«nu  D  So*  1 002  0  Ann  AtOOt.  MchtQin  **1 05  U  S  A 
C*llTOltmEE4ftOO|  S3 1-441 4orovf«id*U  S  *  (313)»»44444 

We're  first 
with  the  best'" 


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SONY  ICF2001 


*  FM/AM  SSB'CW/wide  spectrum  coverage  *  Dual  conversion  superhHororiyrie  ar 
cuitry  ot  AM  assures  nigfi  sensitivity  and  interference  rejection •  Quart*  crystal  phase 
locfced-toop  frequency  synthesis  tor  aM  bands  assures  the  utmost  tuning  s*abdffy  without  a 
trace  of  tuning  etrrfl  *  Direct -access.  a*gt!a?  tuning  keyboard  and  LCD  d+grtal  frequency 
readout  tor  quick,  feey~touch  station  selector*-  maximum  accuracy  and  ease  oi 
use  *  Manual  luting  and  automatic  scannirvg  tar  etforttess  septal  searctwig.  easy 
DXing  •  i?  station  presets  pus  2  auxiliary  presets  far  mstant  reception  pt  memorized 
stations  on  any  oand-pHis  LOG  memory  mocation  •  &-step  LEU  s^naJ-spenojn  •** 
dicatdr  »  LocaJ  Nonriar  DX  sensttiwly  selector  lor  AM  •  SSB  CW  compensate  tor  tow- 
dhSton  ton-  reception  •  Telescope  antenna,  plus  ex  temai  antenna  included  *  4  speaker  lor 
tu  1 1  rich  sound  •  Slide-bar  bass  and  treble  controls  •  Sleep  t  imer— with  LC  D  readout— can 
be  set  in  tO-fmnute  increments  for  up  to  yo  minutes  of  play  before  automatic  radio 
shut-oH  *  Shoulder  strap  included  •  Integral  stand  allows  tilt-up  desk-top  placement 
■  Tape  recorder  jack  allows  ofMhe-air  recording  •  Night-lighifor  LCD  illumination 

CALL  FOR  OUR  NEW  LOW  PRICE 


"Our  Most  Popular  Scanner 
the  JIL  SX-100 


NAV  $399.00 


16  Channels,  30-54  MHz:  140  180 
MHz,  410-514  MHz  Digital  Clock 
Date  Display  1 10  V  AC  or  12- 
16  V  DC 

Seek  Rate  Fasi  10th  sec 
Slow    Sch^sec 
Bnght  Green  9  Digit  Frequency  D 
play     Ext    Antenna   Jack     Eit 
Speaker  Jack  Large  Top  Mounbng 
Bracket  Scan  Rate  Fast  Sen  sec 

Slow  4ch/sec 
Scan  Delay  Time  Variable  0-4  sec. 

UNBELIEVABLY  PRICED 
ATA  LOW  S  199.95 


Low,  Low  Prices 
On  Apple  Computers  &  Accessories 
"Interface  To  Your  Transceiver 
For  RTTY  Or  CW" 


KENWOOD 

TS-530S 
HF  TRANSCEIVER 


CALL  FOR  SPECIAL  LOW  PRICE 


Call  for  Special  Introductory  Price 

KENWOOD  TR-7730 
2  Meter  FM  Transceiver 


The  KENWOOD  TH  7730  »s  an  rncretkWy  compel  reasonably  pneed 
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LCCTftONICS  CINT 

1840  "O"  Street      Lincoln,  Nebraska  68508 
In  Nebraska  Call  (402)  476-7331 


Nationally  Advertised  Value 


188     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


"CIRCUIT  BOARDS" 


*  INTRODUCING  THE  HOWARD/ COLEMAN  TVRO  CIRCUIT  BOARDS* 

(  Satellite  Receiver  Boards  ) 

DUAL  CONVERSION  BOARD  $25.00 

This  board  provides  conversion  from  the  3.7-4,2  band  first  to  900  MHz 
where  gain  and  bandpass  filtering  are   provided  and,  second,  to  70  MHz, 
The  board  contains  both  local  oscillators*  one  fixed  and  the  other 
variable,  and  the  second  mixer.  Construction  is  greatly  simplified 
by  the  use  of  Hybrid  IC  amplifiers  for  the  gain  stages. 

47pF  CHIP  CAPACITORS .  . .  .    .        6.00 

For  use  with  dual  conversion  board.  Consists  of  six  47pf. 

70  MHZ  IF  BOARD  .  .  . . 25.00 

This  circuit  provides  about  43dB  gain  with  50  ohm  input  and  output 
impedance-   It  is  designed  to  drive  the  HOWARD/COLEMAN  TVRO  Demodulator. 
The  on-board  band  pass  filter  can  be  tuned  for  bandwidths  between  20  and 
35  MHz  with  a  passband  ripple  of  less  than  l2  dEL  Hybrid  It's  are  used 
for  the  gain  stages. 

.01  pF  CHIP  CAPACITORS  .  . 7.00 

For  use  with  the  70  MHz  IF  Board.   Consists  of  seven  .01  pf. 

DEMODULATOR  BOARD ,  40.00 

This  circuit  takes  the  70  MHz  center  frequency  satellite  TV  signals  in 
the  10  to  200  millivolt  range,  detects  them  using  a  phase  locked  loop, 
deemphasizes  and  filters  the  result  and  amplifies  the  result  to  produce 
standard  NTSC  video.  Other  outputs  include  the  audio  subcarrier,  a  DC 
voltage  proportional  to  the  strength  of  the  70  MHz  signal,  and  AFC 
voltage  centered  at  about  2   volts  DC. 

SINGLE  AUDIO  .......  15.00 

This  circuit  recovers  the  audio  signals  from  the  6.8  MHz  frequency.  The 
Miller  9051  coils  are  tuned  to  pass  the  6.8  MHz  subcarrier  and  the  Miller 
9052  coil  tunes  for  recovery  of  the  audio, 

DUAL  AUDIO 25.00 

Duplicate  of  the  single  audio  but  also  covers  the  6,2  range, 

DC  CONTROL  ............   15.00 

- 

SPECIAL  SET  OF  FIVE  BOARDS  INCLUDING  DUAL  AUDIO  (two  single  audio 

boards)! !!!  M  !!!!!!!!  i !!!!  MM!  U  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!  U  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !  100.00 

ALL  PARTS  AVAILABLE  IN  STOCK 


Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


cfJVf  ^z  elect roi|ic$ 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     187 


"DOWN  CONVERTERS" 

1900  to  2500  MHZ  Microwave  Down converters 

In  Regards  to  your  request  for  information  concerning  our  microwave  receiver.  This 
receiver  is  tunable  over  a  range  of  1900  to  2500  MHZ  approximatelysand  is  intended 
for  amateur  use.  The  local  oscillator  is  voltage  controlled  (i.e.)  making  the  I.F. 
range  approximately  54  to  88  MHZ  For  Your  Standard  TV  Set  Channels  2  thru  7, 

P. C. Board  with  Data 

1  to  5    $15.00    6  to  11     $13.00  12  to  26    $11.00    27    up    $9.00 

P. C. Board  with  all  chip  caps  solder  on.  $30.00 

P. C. Board  with  all  parts  for  assembly.  $49.99 

P. C. Board  with  all  parts  for  assembly  plus  2N6603  $69.99 

P. C. Board  assembled  and  Tested.  $69.99' 

P. C. Board  assembled  and  Tested  with  2N6603.  $79.99 

HMR  II  Downconverter  with  power  supply  »  antenna  (Dish)  and  all  Cable  for 
Instalation.180  Day  Warranty  . 

1  to  5    $150.00    6  to  11     $140.00    12  to  up    $125.00 

Yagi  Downconverter  with  Power  Supply  ,  Antenna  (Yagi)  and  all  cables  for 
Instalation.  90  Day  Warranty. 

1  to  5     $150.00    6  to  11     $140.00    12  up  $125.00 

Yagi  Downconverter  as  above  but  Kit.   (NO  CABLES)  With  Box. 

1  to  5    $125.00    6  to  11    $115.00    12  up  $100.00 

HMR  II  Downconverter  as  above  but  Kit.  (NO  CABLES)  With  PVC. 

1  to  5     $125.00    6  to  11     $115.00    12  up  $100.00 

Special  New  Stock  Of  Carbide  Drill  Bits 


1,25mm 

20 

40 

53 

63 

1,45mm 

24 

44 

54 

64 

3. 2mm 

26 

45 

55 

65 

3. 3nm 

29 

46 

56 

67 

1/8 

30 

47 

57 

68 

3/16 

31 

48 

58 

69 

5/32 

36 

49 

59 

7/32 

37 

50 

60 

Yo 

13/64 

38 

51 

61 

19 

39 

52 

62 

Your  Choice  $1.99 


Toll  Free  Number  (SVf  <*H  Z    eleCtrOfllC& 

aon.598.niRn  w  V-»  *•    w 


800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


188     73  Magazine  •  October.  1981 


pi 


"FILTERS" 


Collins  Mechanical  Filter  #526-9724-010  Model  F455Z32F 
455KHz  at  3.2KHz  Wide. 


$15.00 


Atlas  Crystal  Filters 

5.52-2.7/8       5.52MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole 

5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  upper  sideband 
5. 595MHz/. 500KHz  wide  4  pole  CW 
5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  lower  sideband 
5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  upper  sideband 
5.645MHz/ 2. 7 KHz  wide  8  pole 
9.0MHz/  8  pole  sideband  and  CW 


5.595-2.7/8/U 

5.595-.500/4/CW 

5.595-2.7/LSB 

5.595-2.7/USB 

5.645-2.7/8 

9. OSB/CW 


Your  Choice 
$12.99 


Kokusai  Electric  Co.  Mechanical  Filter  #MF-455-ZL-21H 

455KHz  at  Center  Frequency  of  453. 5Kc  Carrier  Frequency  of  455Kc  2.36Kc  Bandwidth 


$15.00 


Crystal  Fi 

"Iters 

Nikko 

FX-07800C 

TEW 

FEC-103-2 

Tyco/ CD 

001019880 

Motorola 

4884863B01 

PTI 

5350C 

PTI 

5426C 

CD 

A10300 

7 . 8MHz 

10.6935 

10.7MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bw.  Motorola  #48D84396K01 

Thru  #48D84396K05 

11.7MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

12MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

21.4MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

45MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth  (For  Motorola 

Communications  equipment) 


10.00 
10.00 

4.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.00 

5.00 


Ceramic  Filters 


Murata 

BFB455B 

455KHZ 

CFM455E 

455KHz  +- 

5.5KHz 

CFM455D 

455KHz  +- 

7KHz 

CFR455E 

455KHz  +- 

5.5KHz 

CFU455E 

455KHZ  +- 

l.SKHz 

CFU455G 

455KHZ  +- 

1kHz 

CFW455D 

455KHZ  +- 

lKHz 

CFW455H 

455KHZ  +- 

3KHz 

SFB455D 

455KHZ 

SFE10.7 

10.7MHz 

SFG10.7MA 

10.7MHz 

Clevite 

T0-01A 

455KHZ 

TO- 02 A 

455KHZ 

Nippon 

LF-B4/CFU455I 

455KHZ  +- 

lKHz 

LF-B6/CFU455H 

455KHz  +- 

lKHz 

LF-C18 

455KHz 

Tokin 

CF455A/BFU455K 

455KHz  +- 

2KHz 

Matsushira 

EFC-L455K 

4 55 KHz 

R0TR0N  MUFFIN  FANS  Model  Mark 

4/MU2A1 

$  2.40 
6.65 
6.65 
8.00 
2.90 
2.90 
2.90 
4.35 
2.40 
2.67 

10.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.80 
5.80 

10.00 
4.80 

7.00 


These  fans  are  new  factory  boxed  115vac  at  14watts  50/60cps.  Impedance  Protected-F 
CFM  is  88  at  50cps  and  105  at  60cps. 


$7.99 


SPECTRA  PHYSICS   INC.   Model   088  HeNe  Laser  Tubes. 

Power  output  1.6mw.  Beam  Dia.    .75mm.  Beam  Dir.   2.7mr.  8Kv  starting  voltage 

68K  ohm  lwatt  ballast         lOOOvdc  +-100vdc  3.7ma.  TUBES  ARE  NEW  $59.99 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     189 


"AMPLIFIERS" 


AVANTEK  LOW  NOISE  AMPLIFIERS 


Models 

Frequency  Range 

Noise  Figure 

Voltage 

Gain 

Power  Output 

Price 


UTC2-102M 

30  to  200MC 

l,5dB 

+15vdc 

29dB 

IdB  Gain  +7dBm 

$49.99 


AP-20-T 

200  to  400MC 

6.5dB 

+24vdc 

30dB 

IdB  Gain  +20dBm 

$49.99 


AL-45-0-1 

450  to  800MC 

7dB 

-6vdc  @  +12vdc 

30dB 

IdB  Gain  -5dBm 

$49.99 


AK-1000M 

500  to  1000MC 

2.5dB 

+I2vdc  @  -I2vdc 

25dB 

IdB  Gain  +8dBm 

$69.99 


Mini  Circuits  Double  Balanced  Mixers 


Model  RAY -3 

Very  High  Level  (+23dBm  LO)  70KHz  to  200MHz  LO.RF.DC  to  200MHz  IF 

Conversion  Loss,dB  One  Octave  From  Band  Edge  6Typ./7.5Max.  Total  Range  6. 5Typ./8Max. 

Isolation ,dB  Lower  Band  Edge  To  One  Decade  Higher  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   55Typ./45Min.  Mid.  Range 

(LO-RF/LO-IF)   40Typ./30Min.   Upper  Band  Edge  To  One  Octave  Lower  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   30Typ./ 

25Min. 

Price  $24.99 

Model  TSM-3 

Standard  Level  (+7dBm  LO)  .1MHz  to  4D0MHz  L0,RF,DC  to  400MHz  IF 

Conversion  Loss,dB  One  Octave  From  Band  Edge  5.3Typ./7.5Max.  Total  Range  6.5Typ./8.5Max. 

Isolation ,dB  Lower  Band  Edge  To  One  Decade  Higher  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   60Typ./50Min.  Mid.  Range 

(LO-RF/LO-IF)   50Typ./35Min.   Upper  Band  Edge  To  One  Octave  Lower  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   35TYP./ 

25Min. 

Price  $11.99 


Hewlett  Packard  L 

inear  Power  Microwave  RF  Transistor  HXTR5401/35831E 

Collector  Base  Brakedown  Voltage  at 

Ic=100ua 

35volts  min. 

Collector  Emitter 

Brakedown  Voltage 

at  Ic=500ua 

30volts  min. 

Collector  Cutoff 

Current  at  Vcb=15v 

lOOua  max. 

Forward  Current  Transfer  Ratio  at  Vce=15v,Ic=15ma 

I5mi  n , 40typ , I25max 

Transducer  Power 

Gain  at  Vce=18v,Ice 

!=60ma,F=2GHz. 

3dBmin,4dBtyp 

Maximum  Available 

Gain  at  Vce=18v,Ic 

:=60ma,F=lGHz/F=2GHz 

14dB  typ,8dB  typ 

Price 

$29.99 

Motorola  RF  Power 

Ampl ifier  Modules 

Model 

MHW612A 

MHW613A 

MHW710 

MHW720 

Frequency  Range 

146  to  147MHz 

150  to  174MHz 

400  to  512MHz 

400  to  470MHz 

Voltage 

12.5vdc 

12.5vdc 

I2.5vdc 

I2.5vdc 

Output  Power 

20watts 

30watts 

13watts 

20watts 

Minimum  Gain 

20dB 

20dB 

19.4dB 

21dB 

Harmonics 

-30dB 

-30dB 

40dB 

40dB 

RF  Input  Power 

400mw 

500mw 

250mw 

250mw 

Pri  ce 

$57.50 

$59.80 

$57 . 50 

$69.00 

Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


cJVI^l^z  elect  rof\jc$ 


190     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


"TRANSISTORS" 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  WJ-M62  3,7  to  4.2GHz  Communication  Band  Double  Balanced  Mixer 


$100.00 


SSB  Conversion  Loss  4.9dB  Typ. 

5.5dB  Typ. 


SSB  Noise  Fiqure 


Isolation 
fL  at 
fL  at 


4.9dB  Typ. 
5.5dB  Typ. 


6dB  Max.   fR  3. 
5.  5dB  Max.   fl 

fl 
fR  3. 
6dB  Max.       fl* 
6.5dB  Max.  fl 


R  30dB 

I  25dB 

20dB 

15dB 

Conversion  Compression 

Flatness 


Min. 
Min. 
Min. 
Min. 
ldB 


40dB 
30dB 
30dB 
25dB 
Max. 


Typ. 
Typ. 
Typ. 

Typ. 


.2dB  Peak  to 


Third  Order  Input  Intercept  +lldBm 


fL 
fL 
fL 
fL 
fR 
Peak  Ov 
fRl 


7  to  4.2GHz 

DC  to  1125MHz  fL  fR 

880MHz  fL  fR 

7  to  4.2GHz 

30  to  1125MHz  fL  fR 

880MHz  fL  fR 

2.8  to  5.35GHz 

4.5  to  5.35GHz 

3.6  to  4.5GHz 
2.8  to  3.6GHz 
Level  +2dBm 

er  any  4QMHz  Segment  of  fR=3.7  to  4.2GHz 
=4GHz  fR2=4.01GHz  Both  at  -5dBm  fL=4.5GHz 


Group 
VSWR 


Time  Delay    .5ns  Typ.  .75ns  Max.  fR3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL  3480MHz 


<a  +13dBm 


L-Port 
R-Port 

I-Port 


1.25 

1.25 

1.4 

1.5 

1.3 

1.8 


1 
1 

1 
1 
1 
1 


Typ. 
Typ. 
Typ. 
Typ. 
Typ. 
Typ. 


2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 


.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.5 


1 

1 
1 

1 
1 
1 


fL  2.8  to  5.35GHz 
fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL 
fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL 
fI=100MHz 
fI=500MHz 
fI=ll25MHz 


fR 
fR 


SGS/ATES  RF  Transistors 

Motorola  RF  Transistor 

Type. 

BFQ85 

BFW92 

MRF901 

2N6603 

Collector  Base  V 

20v 

25v 

25v 

25v 

Collector  Emitter 

V  15v 

15v 

15v 

15v 

Emitter  Base  V 

3v 

2.5v 

3v 

3v 

Collector  Current 

40ma 

25ma 

30ma 

30ma 

Power  Dissipation 

200mw 

190mw 

375mw 

400mw 

HFE 

40min. 

200max. 

20min. 

150max. 

30min.  200max. 

30min.  200max. 

FT 

4GHZ  min. 

5GHz 

max. 1.6GHz 

Typ. 

■ 

4.5GHz  typ. 

2GHz  min. 

Noise  Fiqure 

1GHz  3dB 

Max. 

500MHz 

4dB 

Typ. 

1GHz  2dB  Typ. 

2GHz  2.9dB  Typ. 

Price 

$1.50 

$1.50 

$2.00 

$10.00 

National  Semiconductor  Var~ 

iable  Vol 

tage  Regulator 

Sale 

n  i  1 1 1 1  1 1 

m        *        ■   *   #   ft   *   ft   ■ 

LM317K 

1.2  to  37vdc 
l.SAmps 
TO- 3 

$4.50 


LM350K 

1.2  to  33vdc 

3  Amps 

TO- 3 

$5.75 


LM723G/L 
2  to  37vdc 

150ma. 

T0-100/T0-116 
$1.00  $1.25 


LM7805/06/08/12/15/18/24 
5,  6,  8,12,15,18,24vdc 

lAmp 

T0-22O/T0-3 
$1.17     $2.00 


P  &  B  Solid  State  Relays  Type  ECT1DB72 


♦May  Be  Other  Brand  Equivalent 

Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


5VDC  Turn  On    120VAC  Contact      7Amps 
20Amps  on  10" x 10 "x. 062"  Alum.Heatsink  with 
Silicon  Grease  $5.00 


rJVf GIJz  elect roiyc$ 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     191 


"MIXERS' 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  WJ-M6  Double  Balanced  Mixer 


LO  and  RF  0.2  to  300MHz 
Conversion  Loss  (SSB) 

Noise  Figure  (SSB) 
Conversion  Compression 


IF  DC  to  300MHz 
6.5dB  Max.  1  to  50MHz 
8.5dB  Max.  .2  to  300MHz 
same  as  above 
8.5dB  Max.  50  to  300MHz 
.3dB  Typ. 


$21.00 

WITH  DATA  SHEET 


NEC  (NIPPON  ELECTRIC  CO.  LTD.  NE57835/2SC2150  Microwave  Transistor 


NF  Min  F=2GHz 
F=3GHz 
F=4GHz 


dB  2.4  Typ. 
dB  3.4  Typ. 
dB  4.3  Typ. 


MAG  F=2GHz 

dB  12  Typ. 

F=3GHz 

dB  9  Typ. 

F=4GHz 

dB  6.5  Typ 

$5.30 


Ft  Gain  Bandwidth  Product  at  Vce=8v,  Ic=10ma.   GHz  4  Min.  6  Typ. 
Vcbo   25v    Vceo    llv    Vebo    3v    Ic   50ma.  Pt.    250mw 

UNELCO  RF  Power  and  Linear  Amplifier  Capacitors 

These  are  the  famous  capacitors  used  by  all  the  RF  Power  and  Linear  Amplifier  manufacutures 
and  described  in  the  Motorola  RF  Data  Book. 


lOpf 
13pf 
14pf 
20pf 


22pf 
25pf 
27  pf 
27.5pf 


30pf 
32pf 
33pf 
34pf 


40pf 
43pf 
62pf 

80pf 


120pf 
180pf 

200pf 


250pf   1  to  lOpcs.   .60c  each 

820pf   11  to  50pcs.  .50c  each 

51  to  lOOpcs.  .40c  each 


NIPPON  ELECTRIC  COMPANY  TUNNEL  DIODES 


Peak  Pt.  Current  ma. 
Valley  Pt,  Current  ma. 
Peak  Pt.  Voltage  mv. 
Projected  Peak  Pt.  Voltage  mv. 
Series  Res.  Ohms 
Terminal  Cap.  pf. 
Valley  Pt.  Voltage  mv. 


IP 

Iv 

Vp 

Vpp  Vf=Ip 

rS 

Ct 

VV 


MODEL  1S2199 
9inin.  lOTyp.  Umax. 
1.2Typ.  1.5max. 
95Typ.  120max. 
480min.  550Typ.  630max 
2.5Typ.  4max. 
1.7Typ,  2max. 
370Typ. 


1S2200       * 

9nrin.   lOTyp.   Umax. 

1.2Typ.   1.5max. 

75Typ.   90max. 

440min.  520Typ.  600max. 

2Typ.  3max. 

5Typ.  8max. 

350Typ. 


FAIRCHILD  /  DUMONT  Oscilloscope  Probes  Model  4290B 

Input  Impedance  10  meg.,  Input  Capacity  6.5  to  12pf.,  Division  Ration  (Volts/Div  Factor) 

10:1,  Cable  Length  4Ft.  ,  Frequency  Range  Over  100MHz. 

These  Probes  will  work  on  all  Tektronix,  Hewlett  Packard,  and  other  Oscilloscopes. 

PRICE   $45.00 


MOTOROLA  RF  DATA  BOOK 

List  all  Motorola  RF  Transistors  /  RF  Power  Amplifiers,  Varactor  Diodes  and  much  much 
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JVI^Ifz  elect roi\ic$ 


192     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


"SOCKETS  AND  CHIMNEYS" 


EIMAC  TUBE  SOCKETS  AND  CHIMNEYS 


SK110 

Socket 

$  POR 

SK626 

Chimney         $  7.70 

SK406 

Chimney 

35.00 

SK630 

Socket           45.00 

SK416 

Chimney 

22.00 

SK636B 

Chimney           26.40 

SK500 

Socket 

330.00 

SK640 

Socket            27.50 

SK506 

Chimney 

47.00 

SK646 

Chimney           55.00 

SK600 

Socket 

39.50 

SK711A 

Socket           192.50 

SK602 

Socket 

56.00 

SK740 

Socket            66.00 

SK606 

Chimney 

8.80 

SK770 

Socket            66.00 

SK607 

Socket 

43.00 

SK800A 

Socket           150.00 

SK610 

Socket 

44.00 

SK806 

Chimney           30.80 

SK620 

Socket 

45.00 

SK900 

Socket           253.00 

SK620A 

Socket 

50.50 

SK906 

Chimney           44.00 

JOHNSON 

TUBE  SOCKETS 

124-115- 

-2/SK620A  Socket 

$  30.00 

124-113 

Bypass  Cap.       $  10.00 

124-116/SK630A   Soc! 

<et 

40.00 

122-0275- 

•001  Socket 

(For  4-250A,4-400A,3-400Z,      10.00 

3-500Z) 

2/$15.00   j 

CHIP  CAPACITORS 

.8pf 

lOpf 

lOOpf* 

430pf 

lpf 

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470pf 

l.lpf 

15pf 

120pf 

510pf 

1.4pf 

18pf 

130pf 

560pf 

1.5pf 

20pf 

150pf 

620pf 

1.8pf 

22pf 

160pf 

680pf 

2.2pf 

24pf 

180pf 

820pf 

2.7pf 

27pf 

200pf 

lOOOpf/.OOluf* 

3.3pf 

33pf 

220 pf* 

1800pf/.0018uf 

3.6pf 

39pf 

240pf 

2700pf/.0027uf 

3.9pf 

47pf 

270pf 

10,000pf/.01uf 

4.7pf 

51pf 

300pf 

12,000pf/.012uf 

5.6pf 

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330pf 

15,0O0pf/.015uf 

6.8pf 

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82pf 

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Frequency  range  3,6  to  4.2GHz,  Power  ouput,  Min.  lOdBm  typical,  8dBni  Guaranteed. 
Spurious  output  suppression  Harmonic  (nf0h  min*  20dB  typical,  In-Band  Non-Harmonic,  min. 
60dB  typical,  Residual  FM,  pk  to  pk,  Max,  5KHz,  pushing  factor,  Max*  8KHz/V,  Pulling  figure 
(L5:l  VSWR),  Max.  60HHz,  Tuning  voltage  range  +1  to  +15volts,  Tuning  current,  Max,  -0.1mA, 
modulation  sensitivity  range,  Max.  120  to  30MHz/V,  Input  capacitance,  Max.  lOOpf,  Oscillator 
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73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     193 


•^ 


TUBES 


"TUBES" 


PRICE 


TUBES 


PRICE 


TUBES 


PRICE 


2E26 

$  4.69 

5721 

$200.00 

8462 

$100.00 

2K28 

100,00 

5768 

85.  CO 

8505A 

73.50 

3B28 

5.00 

5836 

100.00 

8533W 

92.00 

3-500Z 

102.00 

5837 

100.00 

8560A 

55.00 

3-1000Z/8164 

300 . 00 

5861/EC55 

110.00 

8560AS 

57.00 

3CX1000A/8283 

200.00 

587  6A 

15.00 

8608 

34.00 

3X2500A3 

200.00 

5881/6L6 

5.00 

8624 

67.20 

4-65A/8165 

45.00 

5894/A 

45.00 

8637 

38.00 

4-125A/4D21 

58.00 

5894B 

55.00 

8647 

123.00 

4-250A/5022 

68.00 

6080 

10.00 

8737/5894B 

55.10 

4-400A/8438 

71.00 

6083/AX9909 

89.00 

8807 

1000.00 

4-400C/6775 

80.00 

6098/6AK6 

14.00 

8873 

260,00 

4-1000A/8166 

300.00 

6115/A 

100.00 

8874 

260.00 

4CS250R 

69.00 

6146 

6.00 

8875 

260.00 

4X150A/7034 

30.00 

6146A 

6.50 

8877 

533.00 

4X150D/7035 

40.00 

6146B/8298A 

7.50 

8908 

12.00 

4X150G 

50.00 

6145W 

14.00 

8916 

1500.00 

4X250B 

30.00 

6159 

11.00 

8930/X651Z 

45.00 

4CX250B/7203 

45.00 

6161 

70.00 

8950 

10.00 

4CX250F/7204 

45.00 

6291 

125.00 

4CX250FG/8621 

55.00 

6293 

20.00 

6BK4C 

5.00 

4CX250K/8245 

100.00 

6360 

4.00 

6DQ5 

4.00 

4CX250R/7580W 

69.00 

6524 

53.00 

6FW5 

5.00 

4CX300A 

99.00 

6550 

7.00 

6GE5 

5.00 

4CX350A/8321 

100.00 

6562/6794A 

25.00 

6GJ5 

5.00 

4CX350FJ/8904 

100.00 

6693 

110.00 

6HS5 

5.00 

4X500A 

100.00 

6816 

58.00 

6JB5/6HE5 

5.00 

4CX600J 

300.00 

6832 

22.00 

6JB6A 

5.00 

4CX1000A/8168 

300.00 

6883 / 803 2A/ 8 5 52 

7.00 

6JM6 

5.00 

4CX1500B/8660 

300.00 

6884 

46.00 

6JN6 

5.00 

4CX3000A/8169 

300.00 

6897 

110.00 

6JS6B 

5.00 

4CX5000A/8170 

400.00 

6900 

35.00 

6JT6A 

5.00 

4CX10000D/8171 

500.00 

6907 

55.00 

6KD6 

5.00 

4CX15000A/8281 

700.00 

6939 

15.00 

6K66/EL505 

5.50 

4E27/A/5-123A/B 

40.00 

7094 

75.00 

6KM6 

5.00 

4PR60A 

100.00 

7117 

17.00 

6KN6 

5.00 

4PR60B/8252 

175.00 

7211 

60.00 

6LF6 

6.00 

KT88 

15.00 

7289/3CX100A5 

34.00 

6LQ6 

6.00 

DX362 

35.00 

7360 

11.00 

6LU8 

5,00 

DX415 

35.00 

7377 

67.00 

6LX6 

5.00 

572B/T160L 

44.00 

7486 

75.00 

6HE6 

5.00 

811 

10.00 

7650 

250.00 

12JB6A 

6.00 

SUA 

812A 
813 

13.00 
15.00 
38.00 

7843 
7868 
7984 

58.00 

4.00 

12.00 

"WE  ARE  ALSO  LOOKING  FO 
TUBES  NEW/USED  ECT." 

4624 
4665 

100.00 
350.00 

8072 
8121 

55.00 
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WE  BUY  SELL 

OR  TRADE 

5551A 

100.00 

8122 

85.00 

5563A 

77.00 

8236 

30.00 

5675 

15.00 

8295/PL172 

300.00 

NOTICE  ALL  PRICES  ARE 

SUBJECT  TO 

CHANGE  WITHOUT  NOTICE 

1  1  1  1  1  1  M  1  ;  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  M  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  t  1  1  1  1  M  1 

Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0 1 80 

(For  orders  only) 


cfM Gi\z  electronic* 


194     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


"MICROWAVE  COMPONENTS' 


ML 
AIL 

Ail 
Ml 

a;. 
ARM 

ARRA 

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Alfred 

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General    Hlvnmave 
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Mewl el r 


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Hewlett    f lirard 
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ii.wlett  Patdrtrd 
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Hewlett  Pat* jr.: 
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Holut  tOGri* 

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v«i  ••.?- 

Vtrlatrfi   kxtenuator  u-,-0d&    b  to  JQH?  low 
Variable  Atteniiator  i)-60dB  1  ia  IWt  10* 
Vari  -i  i.    Attenuator  O-^Qdfl   3  to  4GHl   Lflw 
Variable  fltteftuatur  fl-^JdQ  '  {  i   ili.M. 

.•Utenuator   1   tn  2Qti  0  to  50dfl 
Umpipr  Att«»Tuj-  to  4GHr  l)  to  5IK 

i^ler  Atteroator  *  to  8&tz  0  to  SOiffi 
c*ter  I  to  SIM  0 
Oire^tieeal  toiler  .5  to  U2ir  649 
Pawr  Oetittr'- 

■cr3T  PgVr  t|pt«ct9r  @Artw4/lt«rev/22&-400K 
OtmUnnal  ^ow^r  Detector  fiOwlwd/l^wrev/lit-lSOn: 
Coupler 

Crystal   tJctectuf 

Van.iH.    Attenuatfl'i   0>S04fi  2A  to  3.3^Gh/ 
Froqi*en<  ■   Meter    5,''     to   UGH* 
AdilJ.it.!  i 
Adapl 

Powt»r  Dec  ■  ■  •• 

Dir  I  Coupler  2  to  4&t£  ZOdK 

ID,  .  Ider  IK  to  aSUHC 

Adapt  ic 

lOGe 

>r   10  tg   I5G* 
adapter   tr  to  2?ik 
Notvv  Source  IF  30/6CK 
^ofl^  Source  3.95  *  iGc 

• 

No i  i   Source  ?h6  ti.      -sgc 
Noise  Sourte  G,?  to  15.4'.. 
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war.  -!  i-  AttCfiaator    b*  ut  tti  . 
Lw  Paw  Filter  4I00H* 

Varufl--!  Attenuator  0  to  SOdS  35«c 

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to  5&c.  <k 

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ritf  11.1  .v«r    M^uht  For  43D  S-erfeJ    |{JHc  to  lOCc 
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Them»^tt:r  Mo-ant  7,05  to  105c 

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Fr-^-r-Kj  Heter  3  9i  to  i-S5&c 

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Dtr«ctlana1  Coupler  ZDrfCl  3.95  ti>  ^B&G* 

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on  3.95  |g  i.SSSc 
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Ptn  Modulator  3.7  to  3.3Sc  3SdB 
eniliutlon  50  omt 
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Tube  Ntg./Atl  'rrr  arMl   2|f25 

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Variable  Alttfaator  0  to  40d& 

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2.5  to  12.4&C  0  to  2(WB  Bin- 

Directional   Coupler  2  to  4&C  2IMQ 

Directional   Coupler  2  to  4Gc   30d& 

Variflhlr  [Hrectional   Coupler  1.2  to   1 ,4Gc  7   to    U'  Ji- 

giOirectlonal  Coupler  4  to  <=Gc  ?0dS 
Direct  tonal   Coupler  , H  to  2Sc   10d0 
Directional  Coupler  ,W  to  2Sc  2OH0 
Oirect lonal  Coupler  2  to  »&:   10d& 
Oirectional  Coupler  2  to  ifc   33dB 
Drrectional  Coupler  4  to  lOGc  IQdB 


.00 

o.oo 

150.  OD 

201; 

100. oo 

00 

00 

■■-Da 

■ 
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200. OU 

00 
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00 

DO 

35.00 

450 

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ia, 
"■ 
ao 
oc 

00 

00 

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00 

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00 

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350 ♦ 00 
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00 

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400.  CH- 
OC 

25.00 
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15C 

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10000 

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90.00 


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300.00 
100.00 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     195 


■■!■ 


it 


TEST  EQUIPMENT" 


Boo  n  ton 
Boon tan 

N 

Cnuttaan 
AMr*d 
Mpo^ro 
Gertvtn 

SjriLnx*  Qtonner 
Singer 

Mrasurpmonts 

I'l  I.m.i.I 

E.H. 

Hi  f  *Anto 

Military 


■Hatrji 


Hewlett 

Hewtfttt 

itt 

Mi-wl'-i  | 
'||  r/lcLL 
lie*]  |1 1 
HrwleU 
Hetflfitt 
»l«tl 
Hewlett 

Me* 


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I«t1 


Radio 

PaCtard 
r  KkMTi 

I  icfcard 

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Packard 

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Packard 

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Packard 
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•  jrd 
Packard 
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Pat,  tar  a 
I  a    MrJ 


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20?J/2O*H 
931 

Mope 

BG00/7G51 
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FMJ 

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65a 

140 

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1107 


aosc 

2308 

2401 

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4150 
«3  LB 
6U8A 
6060 
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tlBS 
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TEST   EQUIPMENT 

4H  rHStanal  Generator  195  to  27QHHr 
AH  FRStgnal  Generator  And  Un Inverter 
iDQfJtr  to  55Mc  and  m  £4  2?0Ht 
fieterodynr  Converter  700  to  1200AC 

Sweep  network  Analyzer  lOOtHz  to  40Ge 

Standard  Si^tal  Generator  For  CS 

Freuumcj  l^ter  20  to  JDDQPfc 

freojuem.  Meier  o  to  504t  with  Plug  in  to  soqmc 

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standard  Stgnal  Generator  75ttz  to  35Mt 

.'.ind-trd  Deviation  Meter  25  to  IDOQfk 

■   .ft I   Generator  2150  to  4600Hc 
Microwave  Swept  Oscillator  G  to  l2,4ik 

■■  Interval  Plug  In 
\\rw4  Spectrum  Anelyier  JOWc  to  400c  urtth 
lfacn  filter  H3VF33fi/F317/F338/F34L/lfA 
4llptijal6r  Dt4l]/CH410/CM4D9  and  lEiCP  Adapter 
OG1230/UG124O/UG124 1  /UG-1  3  42 
Standard  Signal  Operator  Ifir.c  to  Wilt 
Pomwr  Aooltfier  10  to  SOCHc  *.5watf, 
Power  AwpJifTer  10  to  500*C  4.5**tl 
We*  Sen* rater  4.5-  to  l2QNc 
VW     to  70QW2 
5M  Ntter 

Power  Heter  IGHc  to  40&C 
Stonal   Generator  50*H*  to  65«c 
Signal  Generator  10  to  420Ht 
Signal  ttor  LO  to  4&'iMc 

i  |nftl  fen  era  tor   10  to  4fi0Hfc 
Sign  lit   Generator 

-Mai 

Signal 

"*] 

Signal  Generator 
Signal  Generator  3.i  to  7.6Gc 
Signal  Generator  3.6  to  7-6Gc 
S-i«ft*l   Ge«rritor  I  to  tltfc 
T«t  Set  592S  to  775SNC 
Signai  Gewritor  lii  to ■  15Gc 
&<fn«l  Generator  IS  to  21Gc 

-lumcf  [>3ut>l  to  lOGc 

Portdbir  Te>t  Set 

.it*r  o  to  &onc 
For  above  ?D  to  tOOWc 
Pluq   fn  Tnr  atmve  1(10  to  35CPk 
In  Tnr  above  &0  tO  ^OOHc 
In  Tor  above  jOOMc   to  3fe 
im -i-iCjr  Divider  Hi   !2.4£c  For  ahi^vp 
Plug  1r   For  above  Time  tntorval 
WW  ind  Frequency  HfttOf  to  S&OMc 
K  li*nd  Genera  tor /Test  Set  M  to  A,5Gc 

run  Aiiaijier  sot  id  State  l«c  to  4QGc, 
TllCrotiive  Receiver  to  *OSc  (Hgttal  tetOOut 
Signal  Sfneratgr  SSODU  to  5QWt 


in  to  455Wc 
Gene fa tor  15Q  t0  1230Wc 
erator  WO  to  ?]013Mc 
CW-nfrator   l.B  to  4.2Gc 

1,8  to  4.2Gc 


i  Km 
Plug 


4SO.D0 

600.00 
200.00 
750,00 
800,00 
2 SO. 00 
ISO. 00 
500.00 

JSOO.OO 
?S0,00 

2oo.no 

500*00 

750.00 
-■'i.OO 


I BOO, 00 
300,00 
400. 00 
800.00 
400.00 
400.00 

rsu.oo 

LSO.OO 
600,00 
400.00 

15DD,00 

1500.00 

I  GO 

500. on 

400.00 

500,00 

400.00 

500.00 

400.00 

500.00 

2000,00 

2500.00 

1000.00 

1000  00 

1000.00 

100,00 

200.00 

i',:i.uii 

750.00 

100D.OO 

too.oc 

1500.00 
1000.00 
?O60,OO 
9000,00 
150,00 


fol&nTc  ~ 2003        '       Sweag/Slgftil  Generator  SritCM 

J>0-  1SOQK:  Autopteji,  2/33£3  ]   to  70091c:  Variant*  Harter.3340  Pf  f  Out  put 

Attenuator  50  omn.JiSO  RF  Detector ,33604  Hat-  HoduIaticrfi,3370Di&piay  Prcoessfng,   1000.00 

Telonlc  2003  Swwp/Signal  Generitor  S/ite» 

3303  5  to  500Mc  Sweep, 33Z3  1  to  ?0O0Wc   Virfabte  W»rk#r, 3343  ftF /Output  50  ohm5»3340 

RF  OotpUt/Attenuator  50  ohe«,3350  RF  Ch>tettor*3360A  Ra^  Hottulatlon.3370  Display 

Proce«ln^r  750.00 


c^f^it; 


fiarda 
Marda 
Narda 
Rant* 
lartft 
Karda 
■irda 
SHrda 

Harda 

Ptardit 
Harda 
la 
Narda 
Karda 
Narda 
Narda 
Harda 
Narda 
'ti-.'iz 
mards 
Mlrda 
Horsal 


PVJJ 
PRO 
PRO 
PRO 

PRO 

PRO 

PRD 

Quantfttron 

RLH 

Kattar  Dps  i  go 

Sag? 

Sage 

Sage 

Sperrv  Mcrollne 

StoOoart 

Sjfatron  Oonner 

Tektrqnii 

";»tran I i 

TeLtmniK 

fcfctrw 

Telonic 

Tejcscin 

Transco 

Wavel  1  up 

Wavel Ine 

Wavetek 

Weititchel  tog. 

Hie  rowan;  £  (tu^pment 

HarvufattL 

Ml 

Hewlett  Ptciaro 

ird 

Hewlett  » attar* 


3004-20 
3032 
3033 
3039-20 
3040-20 
3043>20 
3044-20 
30*4020 
3045C3O 
403^ 
22006/ 
22007/ 
22011/ 
22012/ 
22377 
22538/ 
22535/ 
GQAj 
2257* 
22G&9 
22876/ 

23195/ 

14084-30 

O01 

'J  101 
2054 
5BSA 
R3414 

581^ 

Ptsaot 

X6234 

SlOO 

fl-ZfilOC 

D1S36 

752-3 

.13 
77  53-  i 
12GI 
WSiS 
D8£3ig4 
51 
S2 
S50 
01704 


HI  CROMAVE  COMPOHE NTS 

""Dlre-ctlonal   CHupTer  4  to  30Gt  20d0 
Hyorid  ,95  to  2&c  34fl 
Hybrid  I  to  4&c  3dB 
Directional  Ceiipier  Mb  to  250%  204B 
Directional  Coupler  240  to  SOOMt  2Od0 
Ofrectional  Coupler  2  to  4Gc  2000 
Directional  Coupler  4  to  BGc  20di 
Mrectional  Coupler  3,7  to  8.38c  20dl 
IHrecttonal  Coupler  1  to  12,4Gc   30A 

-&rtd  3dB 
3043-20  Direct tonal  Coupler  1.7  to  4fc  204B 
3043-30  Directional  Coupler  1.7  to  4fic  30dfl 
3003-10  01  reel  tana t   Cflupltr  2  to  40e  lOdB 
3003-30  Direct  tana  I  coupler  2  to  4Gc  30d5 
ftdapter  X  to  N  fl.Z  to  lE„4Gc 
4014-10  Directional   Coupler   I, 
4015C10  directional   Coupler   7. 
4C13C10  O«rectfonal  Coupler  ? 
Directional  Coupler  2  to  4&c  lOdB 
Cirect^onal  Coupler  15.8  to  l?,3Gc 
4014C6  Directional  Coupler  3.85  to  88c  6d8 
401SC30  Directional  Coupler  7  to  12-4Sc  30dB 
Directional  Coupler  6  to  lOfit  JQdS 
Variable  Attenuate-  »  a.JSc  0  ts  60dt 

Variaele  Attenuator  12. <  to  108c  0  to  SOdfl 
Slotted  Cine  witn  Prooe  4  to  lOGc 
Frnqtjency  Meter  8.2  to  lOGc 
90°  Twist  18  to  £6.5Gc 
Mawemeter  J  to  10. Etc 
Crystal   Strltcn 


,95  to  8Gc  lOdB 
,4  to  l?Gc   lOdO 
to  4Gc   lOdB 


tnemriator  Mount  EJ.2  to  12.4Gc 

Rudustub  Tuntr 

VaHahle  Atteauator 

01  recti orjfll   Coupler 

Coupl er 
er 

Dfrectlottil  Coupler  4  to  6Gc  3dB 

Frequencj  Meter  5.84  to  s,2Gc 

1001  Attenuator 

Tunable  Detector  l&  to  26  SGc 
ling  HtaO 
ltng  H*a4 

Pui»  Generator  Heail 

170  onai  Variable  Attenuator 
TBP4I7-34-5CD2  Sardpa-,  tef 

5VF250-5QO-1AA  Tunable  Bandpass  Fitter  250  to  SQGfle 
919C701CIO      SPOT  Switch 
601  Adapter  X   Lo  INC  8.2  to   ]?.4G£ 

9009- IP  Directional  Coupler    4  to  KlGc  lDdO 

5070  0  to  70dB  Vrtrlable  Attenual   ■ 

ZG93  +30  to  6DdB  V i 1 rafale  Attenuator 


Hodel 
2H/3302/ 
33021/11064 
805A 


mtf.h 


100,00 
LSO.OO 
153.00 
150.00 
125.00 
10000 
100.00 
ISO.  00 
125.00 
I5Q.0O 
100-00 
100.00 
100. 00 

100. oo 

35.  vD 

75.00 

85.00 

75.00 

100,00 

125.00 

100.00 

100.00 

75.00 

350,00 

300.00 

100. 00 

125,00 

50.00 

75.00 

50,00 

125,00 

5o.  on 

50.00 
75,00 

25.00 

:s.oo 
so.oo 

200.00 
35.00 

200. 00 

Call 

Call 

Call 
50.00 
[i.OO 

Z50.00 
Z5.0O 
35.00 

i  (in.  ni> 

75.00 
50.00 

Price 


Hewlett  Packard 


9050  wltti 


&  .criptlon 
20  to  looomz 

Standing  u^v*  Detector  and  Matched  Load  S250.HO 

Slotted  Line  5QQfHs  to  4GH*  200.00 

Slotted  Line  SOCPtU  to  4GHi  400.00 

0068  Slotted  Line  3  to  l2GMz/G81(B  Slotted 

Lino  3,95  to  5. £56Hi/48l08  Slotted  Line 

5.85  to  8.2G»z/XStOB  Slotted  Lfne  8,2  to 

12.4GM//P810B  Slotted  Line  12.4  to  IfifiH*/ 

X2&1A  4  H2S1A  Adapter/H«92B  Tapered 

Irani Ulon/444A  ProBi  2.6  to  ifiGHj/gnd  i 

447R  Prtibe/HfllD&  Slatted  Line  7.0*  lu   I  I  500.00 

SOfifl  Slotted  Line  3  to  l^GHz/HBlOQ 

i  tttod  Line  7.0&  to  10,56H//3((J1O|i  Slatted 
Line  8.2  to  l2.4GHi/HX?S2e  Tapered  Transition 
H  lo  X/H7R1A  4  XZfiW«itth  rrtite.  ****■  ft  550.00 


electroqic$ 


2)  242-3037 


Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 

(For  orders  only) 


(602)  242-8916 

2111W.  Camelback 
Phoenix,  Arizona  85015 


M*4fl 


196     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


>r*»ltH-nl  I'mn'  (.'l«ck,<'jili-mlnr'  K  >  Juhnmiri    "li-rmin 


2  For  1  Clock  Sale 

Jk  lurHMifi-Ltmi  l^miM'ODck  l^/rk-rt    Ijh  rwfc  BW*  1*:*+.  *  fi_f..  -r*  a        iiMmmtui  i.  i  t—  1 

K:i^iT.ilviirr#pfl.ic[ir-,-P[m-nt[i«tiirirr**Car  C  nrlt»lf*iKiHoi*n*  *■»»  Fmx  Wrtfi  *  Pr^fl*  ^~  i  »   i3MA1P2a*rU  ItJFwl 


ciifilprft*FlnwFrHCE.'*Sflmi  |liH>k**!liiim(mrt  "r«j«JwP<inn^  i<  r 

iTtiitu  AM^'-StiJdiirrapj  Su»jpNt*-*Ed<ae  <  ■  >rui  i-r ;  l  ■  nr-i  *  If  Sitn'k"! 
iij  i«»npf  4wJ*»i"t  m die**  Lnm ««  *  M  u  I  timr  [  r r* I .  H 1 1  "^ "*Da(.a  iliMik* 
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HANDLING  CHARGES      VOLUME  DISCOUNT 

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1    10.0Q  173.00           .     AridlOT)  t    "HM.OO  f  2R9.T*  .  L«»  I0". 

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1    50.00^99  99     ...  .Add  10,31  «    *00,00  l99fl.9fl  L*»ii^U"- 

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PROM  Eraser 

assembled  25  PROW  capaoly  $37  50 
(with  timer  W9  50    6  PROM  capacity  OSH/l 
UL  rtfsion  171,50  (with  iTBM  S108  50» 

Z&0  Microcomputer 

16  bi  10  l  MHz  cfoct  2K  RAM  ROM  Br&tt- 
bwd  spa«  Exceflem:  fDf  conttcJ  Bare  Boad 
SH.50.  Full  Kit  tWOO.  Monitor  £20.00.  Power 
Supply  Kit  S35.00    Tiny  Banc  $3Q  00 

S-100  Computer  Boards 

BK  Sialic  God  bout  Econo  HA  K»  1 J9  00 
16K  Sialic  Godbout  Econo  XIV  Ki[  269.00 
24K  Staltc  Godboul  Econo  kx-24  Kit  4t4.00 
32K  Static  Godboul  Econo  XX- 32  KM  537,00 
16K  Dynamic  RAM  Kit  289  00 

32K  Dynamic  RAM  Kit  323  00 

64 K  Dynamrt  RAM  Kit  399  00 

Vceo  interface  Kl  $161,00 

Color  Vdea  Kit  129.9S 

81 IC Update  Master  ManualS79. 95 
Ckvno  IC  data  setae  lot-  2  vol  master  fefsrenc? 
rjuidi  Over  51,000  cross  reiwenoes  Ftot  update 
sefvee  fnnugrt  1981  Oomestc  pesoge  St. 75. 

Modem  Kit  $60.00 

Sdrte  ot  the  an.  ong  .  answer  No  tuning  neces- 
sary T03  compaiihle  300  baud  Inexpensive 
acouslic  coupler  plans  included  Sd  Only 
51 7  00  Article  in  June  Radio  Electronics 

Gremlin  Color  Video  Kit  $69.95 

32  k  16  alphaftumflrics  and  graphics,  up  to  8 
colors  wittt  6647  chip;  IK  RAM  at  E000  Plugs 
into  Super  f  H  44  pin  bus  No  high  res  graphics 
On  board  RF  Modulator  Kit  $4.35 


NiCad  Battery  Fixer  Charger  Kit 

Opens  shorted  celts  that  won  t  hnd  a  charge 
and  men  charges  tfiem  up  an  m  one  bt  wiuii 
parrs  and  mstructiorts  M  95 

Rockwell  AIM  65  Computer 

650?  based  sinje  boaro  wth  full  ASCII  HfiytjaanJ 
and  20  corumn  ihermaf  printer  20  dor.  atphanu- 
rrwlc  dtsp1^  ROM  rmnjia   ft*  nfiwirtar^ 
(4  05.00.  4 K  version  $450.00.  4K  Assembler 
SaSOO  SK  Bask  Interpreter  Si 00.00 

Special  small  power  supply  lor  AJM&5  assem  in 
I rarnis  $54,00.  Complete  AJMB6  in  thin  brtefcase 
with  power  supply  S499.00.  Molded  plastic 
enclosure-  to  At  both  AIM65  and  power  supply 
S47,5fl.  Special  Package  Pnce  4K  AIM,  8K  Basic. 
jiuwur  supply,  cabinet  $825,00. 

AJMeSKtMVlMSuper  Elt  44  pin  ejtpanaon 
board.  3  female  and  1  male  bus  Board  plus  3 
connectors  S22.95. 

60  Hz  Crystal  Time  Base  Kit  $4  40 

Converts  digrtai  docks  from  AC  Nne  trsquency 
tc  crystal  ttme  base  OuisfendmQ  accuracy 

Video  Modulator  Kit  59.95 

Convert  TV  set  into  a  high  quality  monitor  wJo 
atfecnng  usage  Cornp  lot  wlutl  irtstruc 

Multhvoll  Compyter  Power  Supply 

Sv  5  amp,  -  T8v  .5  amp  5v  1.5  amp.  5v 
.5  amp.  l?v.5amp,  -I2v option  +5v,  ±12v 
are  regulated  Basic  Kit  $35.95.  Kil  with  chassis 
and  a  1 1  ha  rd  wa  re  $51 .  95,  Add  $5 .  00  s  hi  ppug .  K  it 
ol  hardware  $15.00.  Woodgrain  case  $10,00. 
$1  50  shipping 


RCA  Cosmac  1802  Super  Elf  Computer  5106.95 


Compare  feafrres  before  you  dedde  to  buy  any 
other  computer.  There  is  no  other  computer  on 
the  market  today  that  has  all  me  desirable  bene 
tits  ot  re  Super  Eh  tor  so  little  money  The  Super 
EN  is  a  smat  single  board  computer  mat  does 
many  btg  things  It  is  an  eaciMent  computer  tor 
training  and  for  learning,  programming  with  its 
machine  language  and  yfil  it  is  easily  expanded 
with  additional  memory.  Full  Basic.  ASCII 
Keyboard!,  video  character  generation ,  etc. 

Before  you  buy  anothnr  small  computer,  see  if  it 
tndudes  the  tollowlng  l&atures:  ROM  momtnr 
Slate  and  Mode  displays.  Single  step;  Optional 
address  displays.  Power  Supply;  Audio  Amplifier 
and  Speaker.  Fully  socketed  for  all  IC's;  Real  cost 
Of  in  warranty  repairs,  Full  documentation. 

The  Super  Elf  includes  a  ROM  monitor  for  pro 
gran  loading  editing  and  execution  with  SINGLE 
STEP  lor  program  debugging  whtch  is  not  irv 
durJed  in  others  91  the  same  pnee  Wrrh  SINGLE 
STB* you  can  seethe  microprocessor  chip  opera 
tmg  unth  the  umou  e  Quest  address  and  data  bus 
displays  before,  during  and  after  executing  in- 
Struct^  ns  Afso,  CPU  mode  and  instruction  cycle 
are  decoded  and  displayed  on  3  LED  indicators 

An  RCA  1&61  video  graphics  chip  aFtows  you  to 
connect  to  your  own  TV  with  an  inexpensive  video 

modulator  to  do  graphics  and  games.  There  is  a 
speaker  syslem  included  lot  writing  your  own 
music  or  using  many  music  programs  already 
written  The  speaker  amplifier  may  also  be  used 
to  drive  relays  tor  control  purposes. 

A  24  Key  HEX  keyboard  includes  T6  HEX  keys 


plus  toad,  reset .  run  wait,  input,  memory  pro- 
tad,  monitor  select  and  singte  step  Large .  on 
board  displays  provide  output  and  optional  high 
mi  tow  address  There  is  a  44  pin  standard 
connector  slot  tor  PC  cards  and  a  SO  pm  connec- 
tor Slot  for  the  Quest  Super  Expansion  Board 
Power  supply  and  sockets  tor  alt  IC  s  are  in- 
cluded in  the  p  rice  plu  &  a  detailed  1 Z7  pg .  instruc- 
tmn  manual  which  now  includes  over  40  pgs  ot 
software  info,  including  a  senes  of  lessons  Id 
ri  if  I  p  get  you  started  and  a  music  program  and 
graphics  target  garntf  Many  schools  and  univer- 
sities are  using  the  Super  E It  as  a  course  ot  study. 
OEM's  use  it  for  training  and  R&D 

Remember  other  computers  only  otter  Super  Elt 
features  at  additional  cost  or  npl  at  all  Compare 
before  you  buy  Super  EH  Kit  $106.95  High 
address  option  SI  95.  Low  address  option 
$9.95  Custom  Cabinet  *;tfr  duffed  and  labelled 
pleajgiass  troni  panel  $21  95.  Afl  metal  Eipan- 
sior  Cabinet,  painted  and  s*fk  screened  with 
room  for  5  S-l 00  Boards  and  power  supply 
$57.00.  WCadBaflery  Memory  Saw  Kit  $6.95. 
All  Hits  and  options  also  completely  assembled 
and  tested 

Questdala  a  sottware  publication  for  1 80?  com 
puter  users  «£  available  by  subscription  lor 
$1?, 00  per  12  issues  Single  issues  Si  50  Is- 
sums  U\2  bound  Stfi.Sn 

Free  14  page  brochure. 

ol  complete  Super  Elf  system. 

Moews  Video  Graphics  $3  50.  Games  and  Music 
$3.00.  Chip  e  Interpreter  $5,50. 


Super  Expansion  Board  with  Cassette  Interface  SB9.95 


This  is  truly  an  astounding  vafcfe*  This  board  has 
been  designed  Id  avow  you  to  decide  how  you 
want  it  optioned  The  Super  Expansion  Board 
comes  with  4K  of  low  power  RAM  fully  address- 
able anywhere  in  54K  with  PuiIMn  memory  pro- 
ted  and  a  cassette  interface  Provisions  have 
Deen  made  for  ail  Olher  options  on  the  same 
board  and  it  fits  neatly  into  (he  hardwood  cabmnf 
a  longs  ide  the  Super  Elf  Th  e  boa  rd  i  nclu  d  es  Sf  o  I  s 
for  op  to  6K  of  EPR0M  (2706,  2756  3716  or  Tl 
2716)  and  is  tolly  socketed.  FPR0M  can  be  used 
lor  the  monitor  and  Tiny  Basic  or  other  purposes 
A  IK  Super  ROM  Monitor  $19  95  is  available  as 
an  on  board  option  m  2708  £  PROM  which  has 
been  preprogrammed  with  a  program  loader 
editor  and  error  checking  multi  file  cassette 
read  write  software  (relocatable  cassette  file) 
another  exclusive  from  Quest .  H  includes  register 
save  and  readout ,  block  move  capatsity  and 
v>deo  graphics  d  raver  with  Winking  cursor  Break 


Quest  Super  Basic  V50 

A  new  enhanced  version  of  Super  Basic  now 
available  Quest  was  the  first  company 
worldwide  to  ship  a  full  swe  Baste  for  180? 
Systems  A  complete  Junction  Super  Basic  by 

Ron  Canker  including  floating  point  capability 
with  scientific  notation  [number  range 
■  17E*),  32  bit  integer  t  2  billion,  multi  dim 
arrays  string  arrays,  string  manipulation;  cas- 
sette I/O,  save  and  load,  basic  data  and  ma 
chine  language  programs  and  over  7b  stale- 
ments.  functions  arid  operations 


points  can  be  used  with  the  register  save  feature 
to  isolate  program  bugs  quicWy.  lien  fofiow  with 
single  step  II  you  have  the  Super  E^amion 
Ootid  and  Stoper  Monitor  (he  monitor  is  up  and 
running  a!  the  push  of  a  button. 
Other  on  board  options  mrfude  Parallel  Input 
and  Output  Ports  wuh  full  handshake  They 
illnw  easy  connection  ol  an  ASCII  keyboard  to  the 
input  port  RS  23?  and  20  ma  Current  Loup  lor 
teletype  or  other  device  are  on  board  and  il.yuu 
need  more  memory  there  are  two  S-100  slots  lor 
static  RAM  or  video  boards.  Also  a  IK  Super 
Monitor  version  2  with  video  drrver  for  lull  capa- 
bitrty  dtsplay  with  Tiny  Basic  and  a  video  interface 
board  Parallel  10  Ports  $9.65.  RS  122  $4,50. 
TTY  20  ma  IF  $1  95.  S  100  $450.  A  50  pin 
EDMHcfar  sef  with  nbbon  cable  is  available  at 
S15.?5  for  easy  connection  between  tn?  Super 
Ot  and  the  Super  tipenlw  Board . 
Power  Supply  fit  for  the  complete  syslem  |see 
Multi-volt  Power  Supply 


Type-M-Talk  by  Volrax 

Terf  to  speech  synthesizer  wrtti  unlim- 
ited vocabulary,  built-in  text  to  speech 
algorithm.  70  to  100  bits  per  second 
speech  synttiesiier,  RSZ32C  interlace 
S345LX). 


1802  16K  Dynamic  RAM  Kit  $149,00 

Expandable  fo  64K  Hrtden  refresh  w  clocks  up  in  4 
MHj-  wno  wait  states.  Addl   16K  RAM  SZ5.00 
Tiny  Basic  Extended  an  Cassette  $15  JO 

I  Added  commaiHis  Include  Stringy.  Array,  Cas- 
sette 10  etc.)  S-100  4 -sfol  expansion  $9.95 
Super  Monttor  VI. I  Source  Listing  515  00 


Elf  II  Adapter  Kit  S24.95 

Plugs  into  Eh  II  providing  Super  Ell  44  and  50  pin 
plus  5-100  bus  expansion  (With  Super  Ex- 
pansion) High  and  low  address  displays  state 
and  mode  LED  s  optional  $11.00. 


New  improved  raster  version  including  re- 
number and  essentially  unlimited  variables 

Also,  an  exclusive  user  expandable  command 
library. 

Serial  and  Parallel  \iti  included. 
Super  Basic  an  Cassette  $55.00. 


Super  Color  S-100  Video  Kit  SI 29.95 
bpandabie  to  256  x  192  togh  resolution  color 
graphics .  6847  with  ail  display  modes  computer 
controlled  Memory  mapped  IK  RAM  expanda- 
ble to  6K  S- TOO  bus  1 802  6080  B085.ZB0 etc. 
Dealers:  Send  for  excellent  pricing  margin 
program . 


Editor  Assembler  $25.00 

(Requires  minimum  rjl  4K  for  EA  plus  user 
sou  reef 

180?  Tiny  Basic  Source  listing  $1100 

Super  Monitor  V2  D?  1  Source  Listing  $20.00 


TERMS:  $5.00  min.  order  U.S.  Funds.  Calf  I  residents  add  6%  tai. 

$10.00  mln.  BankAmericard  and  Masler  Charge  accepted.  $1.00  insurance  optional 
Pottage:  Add  5%    COD.  $10.00  mm  order. 


FREE:  Send  for  your  copy  gl  our  NEW  1981 


QUEST  CATALOG.  Include  48c  stamp 


198     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


RAMSEY 
ELECTRONICS 
-*«  Inc. 


PARTS  WAREHOUSE 


We  now  have  available  a  bunch  of  goodies  too 
good  to  bypass     items  are  limited  so  order  today 


2575  Baird  Rd. 
Penfield,  NY  14526 

716-586-3950 


INI  KITS  -  YOU  HAVE  SEEN  THESE  BEFORE  NOW 
HERE  ARE  OLD  FAVORITE  AND  NEW  ONES  TOO. 
GREAT  FOR  THAT  AFTERNOON  HOBBY. 


FM 

MINI 

MIKE 


A  super  high  performance  FM  wire- 
ess  mike  kft'     Transmits  a  stable 

ipgnai  up  to  300  yardi  wilh  e*cep- 
ior>al  audio  quality  by  nuiaris  o'  its 
jutfl  in  eiecrret  mike  Kil  includes 
;ase.  mifce.  on-olT  switch,  antenna. 
nailery  and  super  instructions  Ttiis 
s  the  Irnest  unil  available 

-M  3  KM  $1495 

'  M-3  Wi  red  a n rj  Tei  I ed  1 9  J5 


M  Wirefett  Mike  Kkl 

an  ami  Is  up  to  300'  lo 

iy  FM   broaden  si   ra 

o     uses   anv  type  Ot 

ike     Runs  on  3  to  9V     Type  FM-2 

ts  added  sensitive  mike  p/eamp 

age 

4-t  hil     S3.9*  FM  2  hit     14  95 


Color  Organ 

See  music  come 
alive1  3  different 
lights  flicker  with 
music  One  light 
each  for  nigty 
mid-range  and 
lows  Each  indi- 
vidual!* adjust- 
able and  drives  up 
to  300  W  runs  on 
110  VAC 

Complete  kit. 

ML-1 
$6.95 


VW#C  UoduUjtCK  Hit 

Concern  i"r  TV  !o  »taeo  m : 
lUtC^r    Ton*tit*'  o»«f  c*l    *-6      Bu«  &n  5 
1*V  accept*  *KJ  vid«Q5>gnaJ    Bfftunifw 
thf  mar**!'  Complete  4ir  VD-1        ftT.H 


Led  Biinky  Kit 
A  great  attention  get 
ipr  which  alternately 
flashes  2  jumbo  LEDs 
Use  tor  name  badges, 
buttons      warning 
panel  lights,  anything' 
Runs  on  3  lo  15  volts 
Complete  kit.  BL-1 
$295 


m 


r  Sleuth 
A  super  senstt  i  ve  amp  U  - 
tier  which  will  pick  up  a 
pin  drop  at  1  5  feet'  Great 
for  monrtonng  baby* 
room  or  as  general  pur- 
pose amplifier  Full  2  W 
rms  output  runs  on  6  lo 
15  voJls  uses  8-45  ohm 
speaker 
Com  pie  Ip  kit   BN-9 

$5  95 


CPO-1 

Runs  on  3-12  Ydc  t  waif  out  1  KHZ  pood  lor  CPO 

Alarm.  Audio  Oscillator     Complete  kn  $2.95 


Whisper  Light  Kit 

An,   interesting   kr|.  small   mike 
picks  up  sounds  and  converts 
them  to  hghr      The  louder  the 
sound    the  brighter  the  light 
Includes  mike    controls  up  to 
300  W   runs  on  110  VAC 
Complete  kit  WL-I 
$6.95 


Tone  Decoder 
A  complete  tone  deco- 
der   on    a    single    PC 
board     Features     400- 
5000      H/      ad  i  us  I  able 
range  via  20  turn  pot  voltage  regu- 
lation   567  IC      Uselul  for  touch- 
tone   burst   derechon    F$K    etc 
Can  atso  be  used  as  a  stable  tone 
encoder    Runs  on  5  to  1 2  volts 
Complete  kit    TD-1       $5  95 


CaJr  Your  Phone  Order  in  Today 
TERMS:  Satisfaction  guaranteed  or  money 
refunded   C  0  0  add  $2.00   Minimum  order 
$6  00  Orders  under  $10,00  add  ST  50  Add  5 
for  postage,  insurance,  handling.  Overseas 
add  15s  e.  H.Y,  residents  add  7\  tax 


CLOCK  KITS 

Your  old  ravontri  are  here  again     Over  7.000  Sold  lo  Date 
Be  one  oi  the  gang  and  order  yours  today! 

Try  your  hand  at  building  the  finest  looking  clock  on  the 
market  its  satm  finish  anodrzed  aluminum  case  rooks  great 
anywhere  while  six  4"  LED  digits  provide  a  highly  readable 
display  This  is  a  complete  kit.  no  extras  needed,  and  tl  only 
takes  1-2  hours  to  assemble  Your  choice  of  case  colors 
silver,  gold,  black  (specify) 

Clock  kit  12/24  hour    DC-5  $24,95 

Clock  with  10  min    ID  timer.  12/24  hour   DC-10  $29.95 

Alarm  clock.  12  hour  only.  DC-B  $29.95 

12V  DC  car  clock.  DC-7  $29-95 

For  wired  and  tested  clocks  add  $10  00  to  kil  price 

SPECIFY  12  OH  24  HOUR  FORMAT 


Car  Clock 

The  UN- KIT.  only  5  solder  connections 


H&re  5  a  super  InoAinq    remind  jr.-    .  it*  laid  Clock    *rhirjh  H  d  un»p  10  tHrrfd  *ruJ 

install      Clqcic  mn^n-     ■  mpl*h*ly  flmernbted:   -    fou   anl*  »P0er  3  *•  d  2 

iwUcnps    takes  about  15  m  mules'     Dr*pl4v  ■«  Ongrst  green  *HH  aiilcnwtii;  lirignt 
<Ontffil  phDIoc^tf  —  a&liif  fi  vXiii  Of  J  ruqfily  rffldabip  ffispiay   (Jay  Or  ra-gM    Corftpn  -n  « 

sann  iiniBhanndi/ptJaitir' 4%e  whu-n  can  be  ill  ached  5-di'fprprn  *f*rtu<iinQ?in}tn} 

lape    CNaiCF  d1  bhr*r  blacfc  or  gold  cju*  lipcciiy> 


DC-3*i»    12  >xmr  format 

>.  ***$  am}  tesfm 


%12  95 


Unrvtmal  Timer  Nil 

rovii-res  the  Dave  pans  and  PC 
oard  required  lo  provide  1  source 
t  precision  liming  and  purse 
eneration  Uses  555  timer  ic  and 
tdudes  a  range  of  pant  tor  most: 
mmg  needs 

T-S  Kit  IS  M 


Mad  Blaster  Kit 

Produces  LOUD  ear  shattering  and 
attention  getting  siren  like  sound 
Car.  suppfy  up  to  15  wans  of 
oonoAious  aud»o  Runs  on  f>  15  VDC 


Siren  Kit 

Produces  upward  and1  downward 

wail    characteristic    r>l    a    police 

siren  5  W  peak  audio  Output,  runs 

on    3-15    volts     uses    3-45    Ohm 

Speaker 

Complete  k*t  SM-3  S2  &5 


Calendar  Alarm  Clock 
The  clock  mafsgoi  it  ail  6-5  LED* 
1?  ?4  nour  snooze  24  hour  alarm  4 
/ear  calendar  battery  backup  and 
lots  more  The  super  7OTt  chip  rs 
usacf  Size  S>4p?  inches  COrnpieTp 
•  ■  ■  a  case  trior  avarfaoie} 
OC-9  S34  95 


Under  Oath  Car  Clock 

.«iKuf  cloeli  i^atmuiiruiciM«4<c«W«< 
i  >id«a  HflD  t_££?S  r*^r>  tuunci  f  SO4** 
3  mri*  t*Sm>je     44fXAf:  *MfW*  -•»   ^f**C".    **i 

»3^t'\  i-sc  i.  li- 
ne *  t  c KKii  *rrti  <n»g  bn we. *V  Ut  W  tn 
Pti  I  *nnmw  adaplzv  t?  M 


MB-T  Kit 


Sa9S 


60  Hi  Tim*  Blt« 
n*jp»  »5-ii  VOC    io>t  wtt*f 


PARTS  PARADE 


m 


FlE  fit   lenn 

-  ■  Caw-  cm 
■•■*•■        ,  ;    . 
.'iMuialot 


Video  Terminal 

Cj&^  ■     :"p«    -"" 

-tPWO-Xi,!     T-- (iJ(T6:;frlr^'   r. 
ompf^M  dHSCUnmlMiQn 

t1«tl 


IC  SPECIALS 


LINEAR 


i 

4 
0 

5 

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5 

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7 

1 

58 

30 

14 

38 


** 


*  35 
11.50 

11.50 
t.45 

Si  00 
IT  00 
11  00 

n  as 

10  13  00 

I  so 
1  so 


TTL 


/flSQO 

744? 

7475 

7490 


S  40 
$  65 
$  SO 
$    50 

S1.35 


SPECIAL 


fteiittof  As  it 
AssortTTtflnl  ot  Popufar  varues  -  v. 
*tin    Cut  It*adl0r  PCmnunling    •/ 
center.    "/'    leads    baq   of    300  or 
rnore 

SI.  50 


Switches 
Mmi  loggia  SPOT  Sl.OO 

H^d  Pushnulions  NO        3/S1.00 


ii 

3 

16 

« 

1 

a 

19 


CMOS 


^0 


50 
50 


Pf|su 


50 
S9  00 
&2  00 
SI  35 
St  7b 


READOUTS 

3  25s*  cc  fiat 

JWJ--5T0  J  C  A  IN 

-*tt»  x!  t  *    r  » 

7M1    OCA  1H 


RANSISTORS 


90S  PWF  cf 
403  PNPC*F 
41D  NPN  C*r 
BlfifET  C-F 
«1  PWPC+f 

771  NPM  Silicon 
175  LFMf  NPN 
w  T*b  hpPK  4DW 
«f  rih  PNf  40W 

I3SO*  Ttp-  t^p 
1  3t»  Ttpa   T.fl 
365 

urn  ujt 


IS  (1  00 

IS/1100 

11/1100 

*I1» 

S-11  DO 

*.'11 « 

tl  M 

1/13  00 

iti«l 

1  1  « 

I  VI 

MUM 

SOvtJH 

IN 


MC90 
10116 

?2oe 

r2d7A 
7216D 

no7c 

&314 

S37&AB  G 
7001 


S1500 
S  125 
S17KJ 
$  5.50 
S2t  00 
S12.50 
$  3.95 
$  2.95 
S  650 


FEflRITE  BEADS 


«**  wPd*a4  it*c: 


15,  IT  DO 

5  It.DO 


Sockets 

b  Pin  10/12.00 

14  Pm  10  S200 

16  Pm  10 '-52.00 

24  Pm  4/S2.00 

28  Pin  4/S2.00 

40  Pm  3/52.00 


Diodes 

5  t  V  Zener  20/51  00 

Itsr9l4  Type  50/ 51.00 

lKV2Amp  1/5 1.00 

100V  TAmp  15/5100 


Earphones 

3    Iflidi  &  ohm   goorf  for  small  irjtie 
ip44liari,   ilflrm  clocks   srr 

5  tor  $1  00 


Mini  f  anm  Sp«ih*r 
Appro  i   2  »"  d'tm  Round 

3  tor  12  00 


Cry  i  tali 

3  579545   MHZ 

10  00000    MHZ 
5  24B800    MHZ 


5150 
55.00 
55.00 


AC  Adaplrri 

Good     (or     clOCh*  ructd 
chargef»,alJ  no  VAC  plug 

Qfi£  end 

8  &  ^df  m  20  mA  si  uu 

16   *ac  <»  160mA  JI  50 

12   wat  (*  250mA  SJ  00 


Solid  Starr  Buiitri 
vtqH    bu«er   450  Hf    96  dB    ftouno 
oulpul  on  &-t2  ¥dc  £1  10-30  m*   TTL 
compatiftt*  fl  SO 


Slug  Tuned  Collt 

Small  3^  16 '"  Hex  Slugs  lumed  coil 
3  turn*  tO  tor  $1.00 


AC  Outlet 

Panel  Mouni  wiih  Leads 

4/11  00 


Audio 
Prescaler 

Make  high  resolution  audio 
measurments.  greai  for  musical 
inslrumeni  lunmg.  PL  tones. etc 
Multiplies  audio  UP  in  frequency. 
seleciable  x10  or  xtOO.  gives  .01 
HZ  resofution  with  l  sec.  gate 
timef  High  sensitivity  0*  25  mw.  t 
meg  input  z  and  built-in  filtering 
gives  great  performance  Runs 
on  9V  battery,  all  CMOS 
PS-2  kit  $29.95 

P5-2  wired  539.95 


600  MHz 
PRESCALER 

Extend  the  range  of  your 
counter  to  600  MHz  Works 
with  all  counters  Less  than 
150  mv  sensitivity  specify- 
10  or -100 


Wired,  tested. 
Kn   PS-1B 


PS-1B     S59.95 
$44.95 


CAPACITORS 
TANTALUM 

1.5uF25V3«t,00 
18uF25V3^100 
^2uF25V^t00 


ALUVINUU 

idoo  „*  'r .  -< .  - 

»ia  uF  i*?n  *«.*  ssiet 

13  tl  DO 


CM&K  CEAAVlC 

i*li0O 

orji  tsv        nti« 
'ir-'  jo  n  oo 


DC  DC  Ci 
V   mptit  prod   -9  «Oc  #  30ms 


25«  20  tum  Tnm  Ppt   $1  OO 
IK    V0  Timti  Tf*n  Ppt    f   40 


Ceramic  IF  Fit  ten 

Mini  ceramic  filt#r&  7  kHz 

aw  455  mt  $1.50  ea 


IC 


Trtfwiwf 
Spragye     3  40  pt 
5l»bip  PqI^ pfopy'e"* 

Was 


30  Watt  2  intr  PWR  AMP 
Simple  Class  C  power  amp  features  8  times  power  gam   1  W  in 
for  8  out.  2  W  m  for  15  Oul.  4W  in  lor 30  out  Max  output  o*  35  W 
incredible  value,  complete  with  all  pans,  less  case  and  T-R  relay 
PA-1.  30  W  pwr  amp  kit  $22.95 

TR-1.  RF  sensed  T-R  relay  kit  6.95 


MRF-238  transistor  ai  used  <n  PA-t 
fl-iGrjbgairr    150  mh;  111  95 


RF  actuated  relay  senses  RF 

(1W)  and  closes  DPDT  relay 

For  RF  sensed  T-R  relay 

TR-1  Kit     $€,95 


Power  Supply  Kil 

Complete  In  pie  regulated  power 
Supply  prQvuJes  *anat> Iff  6 to  1(1  tort^al 
200  ma  and  *5  at  1  Amp  £icelFeni  (pad 
regulation  good  Tittering  and  small 
size  Less  transformers  require!  G  3  V 
i  i  A  and  24  VCT 
Complete  iut,  PS-3LT  U  fS 


Cryttal  Microphone 

Small  l    diameter    *~  inic* 
crystal  mike  cartridge   $.75 


25  AMP 

100V  Bridge 

$1.50  each 

Mini -Bridge  50V 
1  AMP 

2  for  St  .00 


Con  Connector 

Chassis  mount 

BNC  type  $1.00 


Mini  RG-1?4  Coax 
10  f I.  for  $100 


»  Vod  aalttry  CHpi 

Nice  quaJity  clips  MmJiM 

h     flubbfif  GfOmmitls         10  lor  It  00 


OP- AMP  Special 
Bi-FET  |_F  13741    Direct  pm  for  pm  7*1  compatible,  dui  500  000  MEG 
■npul  z   super  low  50  pa  input  Current,  low  power  drain 
50  lor  only        19  00  10  for         $200 


CiMl  ll-u 

Asu   ortho^t*  fill*   t,«p»   r#nl    te»iMur^ 

lirinsi*1r>^    0r0dt»    MlOA  r.lpi  el< 

am  b*g  |iD0  pel  II  0Q  in  tug  ODO  pc>  12. M 


Canntclon 

6  pm  lypp  qnid  conitcls  lor 

rnA-in05  cflr  clOCh  modul* 
price  ,7t  44 


Lodt    -  your  choice  please  specify 

Mini  Red.  Jumbo  Had.  High  Intensity  fled,  Illuminator  Red  I/|1 

Mini  Yellow   Jumbo  Yello*.  Jumbo  Green  0/S1 


VanKtoci 
Motorola  M  v  7209  30  PP  Nominal  cap  30-flO  PF 

.90  mch  or  l  s  1  M 


Tumbl*  rar>g|« 


7fiMG 

79MG 

723 

309K 

7S05 


$1  25 
$1,25 

I  50 
$1.15 
$1  00 


Ragulalora 


7612 

Si  00 

7B15 

$100 

7905 

$1  25 

791 2 

$1.25 

T915 

$1  25 

Shrink  Tubing  Nuba 

Nic*  precut  pc#s  ol  ihnoN  ai£e    i     ■    «' 

shrmfc  lo  V   Great  'or  spi-css      S-O/fl  00 


Mini  TO-92  Meal  Slnki 
Thermailoy  Brand  5  for  $1  00 

To-220  Hpflt  Sinks  J  for  1100 


Opto  Isolators  -  4N28  type 

Oplo  Reflectors  -  Photo  dtOde  +  LED 


$.50 
$1.00  ea 


Mcrfei  Ptna 

MolaJt  auvaciv  [hbcjji  m  lenotn  o*  7  p»h«cp 
lor  14  pm  socufl*    70  llriq*  <or  11  09 


COS  PtH»l««4li 
Hei«*ij<ii:e  vines  with  itgnt    250  oftm*  to 
tytmi  3  m*g  >  lot  §!.$> 


e  Lrsf  or"  Adverfis0/s  or?  p*ge  130 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1961     199 


ARCO 

CAPS 

304 

100- 55 Op F 

1.50 

469 

170-780pF 

1,40 

400 

-9-7pF 

1,00 

4615 

390-1400pF 

2,02 

402 

1-  5-20pF 

1.00 

404 

8-60pF 

1,00 

420 

1-1 2pF 

1.00 

405 

lO-80pF 

1.00 

423 

7-100pF 

1.00 

422 

4-40pF 

1,00 

426 

37-250pF 

1.01 

424 

16-150pF 

L  *  vU 

464 

25-280pF 

1.00 

427 

55-3QOpF 

1.00 

465 

50-380pF 

1.39 

462 

5-80pF 

1.50 

467 

U0-580pF 

1.03 

TUBES 


6KD6 

5.00 

6939 

7.99 

6LQ6/6JE6 

6.00 

6146 

5.00 

6MJ6/6LQ6/6JE6C 

6.00 

6146A 

5.69 

6LF6/6MH6 

5.00 

6146B/8298 

7.95 

12BY7A 

4.00 

6146W 

12. 00 

2E26 

4.69 

655QA 

8,00 

4X150A 

bvi    <7i7 

8908 

9.00 

4CX250B 

45.00 

8950 

9.00 

4CX25QR 

69,00 

4-400A 

145.00 

4CX300A 

109,99 

4-400C 

145.00 

4CX350A/8321 

100 , 00 

572B/T160L 

44.00 

4CX350F/J/8904 

100.00 

72o9 

9,95 

4CX1500B/8660 

300,00 

3-1000Z 

229.00 

811A 

20.00 

3-500Z 

141.00 

6360 

4.69 

RF  Transistors 


MRF203 
MRF216 
MR  F  221 
MRF226 
MRF227 

MR  F  23  8 

MRF240 

MR  F  245 

MR  F  24  7 

MRF262 

MR  F  3 14 

MRF406 

MRF412 

MRF421 

MRF422A 

MR  F  422 

MRF428 

MRF428A 

MRF426 

MRF426A 


".  O.  R . 

19,47 
8.73 

10.20 
2.13 

10.00 

14.62 

28.87 

28,87 

6.25 

12.20 

11.33 

20.65 

27.  45 

38, 25 

38.  25 

38.25 

38.  25 

8,87 

8.87 


MRF449 

MRF449A 

MRF450 

MRF450A 

MRF452 

MRF453 

MRF454A 

MRF455 

MRF455A 

MRF474 

MRF475 

MRF476 

MRF477 

MRF485 

MRF492 

MRF502 

MRF604 

MRF629 

MRF648 

MRF901 

MRF902 

MRF904 
MRF911 

MRF5176 

MRF8004 

BFR90 


12.65 

12.65 

11.00 

11.77 

15.00 

13.72 

21.83 

14.08 

14.08 

3.00 

2.90 

2.25 

10.00 

3.00 

20.40 

.  y  «3 

2.00 

3.00 

26.87 

3,99 

9.41 
3.00 
4.29 

11.73 
1.39 
1.00 


BFR91  1.25 

BFR96  1. 50 

BFW92A  1.00 

BFW92  .79 

MMCM918  14,30 

MMCM2222  15.65 

MMCM2369  15.00 

MMCM2484  15.25 

MMCM3960A  24.30 

MWA120  7.80 

MWA130  8.08 

MWA210  7.46 

MWA220  8.08 

MWA230  8.62 

MWA310  8.08 

NEW  MRF472 
12.5  VDC,   27  MHz 
4  Watts  output 
10  dB  gain 

1.69  ea. 

10/9.  50 

100/69.00 

1000/480.00 


TO -3  TRANSISTOR  SOCKETS 
Phenolic  type.  .♦,..*.*-..  6/$l*  00 


NEW  SIMPSON  260-7 


$99. 99 


RG174/U  -  $15.  00  per  100  ft. 

Factory  new 


PL259  TERMINATION 

52  Ohm    5  Watts  $1.  50  each 

TORIN  TA700  FANS  NEW     $29.  99  each 
Model  A 30340 
230  VAC  @  .  78  Amps 
Will  also  work  on  U5  VAC 


CRYSTAL  FILTERS 


EFCL455K13E 
EFCL455K40B2 
FX-0780OL,   7.8  MHz 
FHA 103-4,  10.7  MHz 


3.99 

2.99 

12.99 

12.99 


CB  type  crystals 


Tl 

T2 

T3 

T4 

T5 

T6 

T7 

T8 

T9 

T10 

Til 

T12 

T13 

T14 

Rl 

R2 

R  3 

R4 

R5 

R6 

R7 

R8 

R9 

R10 

Rll 

R12 

R13 

R14 


$4.95  each 
51-T 
T15 
T16 
T17 
T18 
T19 
T20 
T21 
T22 
T23 
T24 
T25 
T26 
T27 

51-R 

R15 

R16 

R17 

R18 

R19 

R20 

R21 

R22 

R23 

R24 

R25 

R26 

R27 


T28 
T29 
T30 
T31 
T32 
T33 
T34 
T35 
T36 
T37 
T38 
T39 
T40 


R28 
R29 
R30 
R31 
R32 
R33 
R34 
R35 
R36 
ft37 
R38 
R39 
R40 


NEW  CHERRY  BCD  SWITCH 

New  end  plates 

Type  T-201 .  1.  29  each 


Johnson 
AIR  Variables 


T-3-5 

T-6-5 

T-3-5 

189-6-1 

189-502-Y 
189-503-105 

189-504-5 

189-505-5 

189-505-107 

189-506-103 

189-507-105 

189-508-5 

189-509-5 

545-043 


$1,00  each 

1  to  5  pF 
1.7  to  11  pF 

2  to  15  pF 
- 1  to  10  pF 

1.3  to  6.7pF 

1.4  to  9.  2pF 


1.5  to  11.6pF 
1.7  to  14.  IpF 
1.  7  to  14.  IpF 
1-8  to  16.7pF 
2  to  19.  3pF 
2. 1  to  22. 9pF 
2. 4  to  24. 5pF 
1.  8  to  11.  4pF 


200     73  Magazine  •  October,  1981 


Johnson 
AIR   Variables 


1/4  x  2  1/2 Tf  shaft 

$2. 50  each 

193-10-6  2.  2  to     34  pF 

193-  1.5to27.5pF 

193-  .6  to    6.4pF 


$1.00  each 

160-107-16                  .5  to 

12  pF 

193-10-9                   2- 2  to 

34  pF 

193-10-104                2.  2  to 

34  pF 

193-4-5                     3    to 

30  pF 

RF  Power  Device 


MRF454  Same  as  MRF458 
12.5  VDC,  3-30  MHz 

80Watts  output,    !2dB  gain 

$17. 95  ea 


E.F.   JOHNSON 
TUBE  SOCKETS 


#124-0311-100 
For  8072  etc. 


-  6.  99  each 


#124-0107-001 13.  99  each 

For  4CX250B/R,  4X150A  etc. 

#124-0111-001 4.  99  each 

Chimney  tor  4CX250B/R  and 
4X150 

#124-0113-001  and  124-0113-021 

$12.  99  each 

Capacitor  for  #124-0107-001 

#123-209-33  Sockets 6.  99  each 

For  8I1A,  572B,  866,  etc. 


UNELCO  CAPS 


MIN.  ORDER  $10 

6.8pF  47pF 

8.  2pF  62pF 

lOpF  lOOpF 

12pF  160pF 

13pF  l80pF 

14pP  200pF 

20pF  240pF 

24pF  380pF 

33pF  470pF 

36pF  lOOOpF 

43PF  350V        $1.00  each 

86  Pin  Motorola  Bus  Edge  Connectors 

Gold  plated  contacts 

Dial  43  86  pin     *  156  spacing 

Soktertail  for  PCB.. $3.00  each 

110VAC  MUFFIN  FANS 

New * $11.95 

Used .., . .  55.  95 


Transistors 


jw* — ^^ 

#M? 

2N3960JANTX 

10.00 

2N5645 

10.00 

^U"T^, 

Vj 

2N4072 

1.60 

2N5842 

3,00 

jHjp- 

M 

2N4427 

1.10 

2N5849 

20.00 

w 

* 

2N4429 

7.00 

2N5942 

40.00 

2N4877 

1.00 

2N5946 

14,00 

2N4959 

2.00 

2N5862 

50.00 

2N4976 

15.00 

2N6080 

7.00 

2N2857JAN 

2.50 

2N5070 

8.00 

2N6081 

10. 00 

2N2949 

3.60 

2N5071 

15.00 

2N6082 

11.00 

2N2947 

15,00 

2N5108 

4.00 

2N6083 

13,00 

2N2950 

4.60 

2N5109 

1.50 

2N6084 

14.00 

2N3375 

8.00 

2N5179 

1.00 

2N6095 

11.00 

2N3553 

1.57 

2N5583 

4.00 

2N6096 

20.00 

2N3818 

5.00 

2N5589 

6,00 

2N6097 

28.00 

2N3866 

1.00 

2N5590 

8.00 

2N6166 

38.00 

2N3866JAN 

2.50     ; 

2N5591 

11.00 

2N6368 

uu .   v&7 

2N3866JANTX 

4.00 

2N5635 

5.44 

A210/MRF517 

2.00 

2N3925 

10.00 

2N5636 

11.60 

BLY38 

5.00 

2N3948 

2.00 

2N5637 

20.  00 

40280/ 2N4  427 

1.  10 

2N3950 

25.00 

2N5641 

5*00 

40281/2N3920 

7.00 

2N3959 

3.  00 

2N5643 

14.00 

40282/2N3927 

10.  48 

CRYSTALS 

5.  120 
7.  3435 
7.4585 

7.4615 
7.4625 
7.4665 
7.4685 
7.4715 
7.4725 
7.  4765 
7.4785 
7.4815 


7.4825 
7.  4865 
7.  4925 
7.  4985 
7.5015 
7.  5025 
7. 5065 
7.  7985 
7.  8025 
9.545 
9,555 


9.565 

u  i  a  J  J 

9,585 

10. 000 
10.010 

10.020 

10.030 

10.040 

10.0525 

10. 130 

10. 140 


$4.95  each 
10. 150 
10. 160 
10.  170 
10.  180 
10.  240 
10. 245 
10.595 
10.605 
10.615 
10.625 
10.635 


11.155 

11.905 

17,315 

11.275 

11.955 

17.355 

11.700 

12.000 

17.365 

11.705 

12.050 

37.600 

11.730 

12.100 

37.650 

11.750 

16.965 

37.700 

11.755 

17,015 

37.750 

11.800 

17.065 

37.800 

11.850 

17.165 

37.  850 

11.855 

17. 215 

37,  900 

11.900 

17. 265 

37.950 

38.000 

High  Voltage  Caps 


30  MFD  @  500 

22  MFD  <&  500 

100  MFD  @  450 

150  MFD  @  450 

225  MFD  @  450 

,00l/l000pF  @ 

.001®    2KV 

.0015®     3KV 

.01  @    4KV 

.01  ©1.6KV 

.02  @    8KV 

.01  @    1  KV 


VDC 
VDC 
VDC 
VDC 
VDC 
10  KV 


1,69 
1.69 
2.29 

3.  29 

4.  29 
.89 

4/1.00 
3/1.00 
.79 
4/1.00 
2.00 
6/1. 00 


NEW  2"  ROUND  SPEAKERS 

100  Ohm  coil  $.  99  each 

PLASTIC  TO- 3  SOCKETS 

4/ $1.00 

CRYSTAL  FILTERS 

Tyco  001-19880    Same  as  2194 F 
10.  7  MHz  narrow  band 
3  dB  bandwidth  IS  KHz  nun. 
20  dB  bandwidth  60  KHz  nun, 
40  dB  bandwidth  150  KHz  min. 
Ultimate  50  dB  insertion  loss  1  dB  max. 
Ripple  1  dB  max.    Cl-  0+/-5  pF    3600  Ohms 
$3.59  each 

78MOS 

Same  as  7805  but  only  1/2  Amp 

5  VDC  .49  each  or  l0/$3.00 


TRIMMER  CAPS 


Sprague.    Stable  Polypropylene- 

.  50  each  or  10/4.  00 
not  sold  mixed 
1.2  to  13pF 
2  to  30pF 
3.9  to  18pF 
3,9  to  40pF 
3.9  to  55pF 

Carbide  Circuit  Board  Drill  Bits 
for  PCB  Boards 

5  mix  for  $5.  00 


J-Fet 


J310  N-CHANNEL  J-FET  450  MHz 

Good  for  VHF/UHF  Amplifier, 
Oscillator  and  Mixers         3/$1.00 

MURATA  CERAMIC  FILTERS 


SFD  455D 
SFB  455D 
CFM455E 
CFU455H 

SFE  10.7MA 


455  KHz 
455  KHz 
455  KHz 
455  KHz 
10.  7  MHz 


2.00 
1.60 
5.50 
3.00 

2.99 


TEXAS  INSTRUMENTTIL-305P 
5x7  array  alphanumeric  display 

$3.  35  each 


^  See  U$i  of  Advert t &&rs  on  page  T3Q 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     201 


ATLAS  CRYSTAL  FILTERS  FOR 

ATLAS  HAM  GEAR 

Your  Choice 

$15.  95  ea. 

5-645  -  2.7/8 

5.595  -  2,7  USB 

5.  595  -  2,  7/8/L 

5.595  -  2.7  LSB 

5,595  -  .500/4 

9.0    -  USB/CW 

ATLAS  FILTERS 


Soldering  Kit 


New  Welle  r  Soldering  Iron  Kit 

#SP-23F 9.  99  each 

Kit  includes; 

1-25  Watt  soldering  iron, 
develops  750°  of  tip 
temperature 
3  -  tips  (screwdriver,  chisel, 

cone) 
1  -  solder  nig  aid  tool 
1  -  coil  60/40  rosin  core  solder 

CERAMIC  PLATE  CAPS 

$1.09  each 
=*i  type  for  3/8  plate  cap 
#2  type  for  5/8  plate  cap 


Used   NiCads 


Used  C  Nickel  Cadmium  Batteries 

L  8  amp  hour 

Pack  of  ten  $8.  99  per  pick 

CERAMIC  COIL  FORMS 

$1  99  each 
#1  3/l6Tf  x  4/8" 

#2  3/16" x  1/4" 

#3  1/4  "  x  3/4" 

#4  3/8  M  x  7/8" 

#5  3/8  "  x  5/8" 

All  of  the  above  have 
powdered  iron  cores. 
#6  1/2" x  2  3/4" 

NEW  BOGNER  DOWNCONVERTER 

Industrial  version 

1  year  guarantee .......,,.  $225- 00 

NOT  FOR  SAU  IN  ARIZONA 

UHF/VHF  RF  POWER  TRANSISTORS 

CD2867/2N6439 
60  Watts  output 

Reg.  Price $45.  77 

SALE  PRICE  . . $19.  99 


CHOKES 


2.7 
3.0 
3.6 
4.3 


niH 
mH 
mH 

mH 


*  # 


■   . 


a  1-3  uH  ■  •  *  • 
VIV  .  15  .  15 
VIV  150  150 
5-20  uH  ■ 
Variable  coil 
Transformer 
.47uH 
.68  uH 
1    uH 

1.2  uH 
1.5  uH 
2.  2  uH 
2.7  uH 

3.3  uH 
6.5  uH 
7.5  uH 
10  uH 
15  uH 
20  uH 
22  uH 
33  uH 
39  uH 
47  uH 
50  uH 
56  uH 
62  uH 
68  uH 
100  uH 
120  uH 
185  uH 
538  uH 
680  uH 

1000  uH 
1630  uH 

.1  mH 
.  2  mH 

.22  mH 

.27  mH 

.33  mH 

.39  mH 

.240  mH 

1.2  mH 

1.5  mH 

1.65  mH 

1.75  mH 

1.9  mH 

1  mH 

1.88  mH 

2  mH 

2.4  mH 

2.5  mH 


uH  *  - 
uH  - 


10-80  uH  -. 

dual  8.  8  uH  . 

1.00  ea.  or 

1.00  ea.  or 

1.00  ea.  or 

LOO  ea,  or 

1. 00  ea.  or 

.  1.  00  ea.  or 

- 1.  00  ea.  or 

.1.  00  ea.  or 

-1.00  ea.  or 

-1.00  ea.  or 

. 1.00  ea.  or 

- 1.00  ea.  or 

- 1.00  ea.  or 

- 1.00  ea.  or 

.1.00  ea.  or 

.1.00  ea.  or 

.1.00  ea.  or 


.1.00  ea.  or 
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HIGH  VOLTAGE  CAPS 

420  MFD  &  400  VDC 
600  MFD  §  400  VDC 


3  99  each 
3.99  each 


4.7    mH 

5  mH 
5. 11  mH 

6  mH 
7.2  mH 
8.  25  mH 
8.  28  mH 
8.6    mH 


10 
12 
15 
17 


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20    mH 

20.5  mH 

22.6  mH 
24    mH 

27.4  mH 
28.  7  mH 
29.9  mH 

30    mH 

36  mH 
36.  5  mH 

40  mH 
40.2  mH 

43     mH 


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2.0  Hy  . 

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3  0  Hv  ■ 

.2. 
.2. 

99 
99 
99 

5.0  Hy  - 
10   Hy  . 

■    **■■■    <«    *   *    *    *    •    » 

i-     *     w     m     ■>    ■ 

■     ■■-■■■* 

New  Fan 

child  Prescaler 

Chip 

95H90DCQM -  ,  ■   6.  50  each 

350  MHz  prescaler  divide  by  10/11 


202     73  Magazine  •  October.  198  i 


1.9-2.5G  CONVERTERS 


1900  MHz  to  2500  MHz  DOWNCONVERTERS 
Intended  for  amateur  radio  use. 
Tunable  from  channel  2  thru  6. 
34  dB  gain      2.  5  to  3  dB  noise- 
Warranty  for  6  months                 Model  HMR  11 
Complete  Receiver  and  Power  Supply 
(does  not  include  coax) $225. 00 

4  foot  Yagi  antenna  only, $39.  99 

Downconverter  Kit  -  PCB  and  parts  , .  $69.  95 
Power  Supply  Kit   - 

Box,   PCB  and  parts  ... . $49.  99 

Downconverter  assembled. . .   $79,  99 

Power  Supply  assembled $59. 99 

Complete  Kit  form $109.  99 

(includes  Yagi  antenna  and  instructions) 

REPLACEMENT  PARTS 

ivi  Kr  ?ui> . .  <  4 » » i « . » > .  **«*#*,  **#.*..   *p  j .  y  y 

MBD101. ..•'.-"*• L  29 

.  001  Chip  Caps , 1.  00 

Power  Supply  PCB  . * , 4-99 

Downconverter  PCB 19.  99 

Instructions  for  any  separate  item  ....   10.00 


NEW  TRANSFORMERS 


F-18X 

F-46X 

F41X 

P-8380 

P-8604 

K-32B 

E 30554 


6.3  VCT  @  6Amps 
24V  p  lAmp 
25.  2 VCT  @  2Amps 
10VCT  @  3Amps 
20VCT  @  lAmp 
2SVCT  @  100  MA 
Dual  17V  @  lAmp 


DIODES 


Price  each 
6.99 
5.99 
6.99 
7.99 
4.99 
4,99 
6.99 


hep  no 

3.5  A,    1000  PtV 


20  ea,  ,    AGO  tar  $15.0*0 


361005 

L  5  A  ,    1000  PIV 

.  15  ea .  , 

100  tor  SL2 

00 

iVK  1153 

S  mA,   20.000  PIV 

$1.00  ea 

iO  for  |8  00 

rAir child  LEDfl 
LV  5007  *  5009 
rase  type  TO-  92, 

red. 

6/ Si 

.00 

High  voltage  omdi?  EK50O 
500G  VuUti,  50  mA 


91)  uauh 


MoturuU  SCR 

TQ-&2Caae,  O.flAmp,   30  V 

lgt0.3VglG,8. 

Same  la  •  1*5060. 


i   51,00  or  100  5i5  00 


Diaicu  Typt  555-2003 

LED  5  VDC  with  built   in  resistor 


ICMS  I  OK 
5  mA,   10,  000  PTV 

$1-69  e&.  ,    10  far  $12.  50 


,  69  each 


Motorola  MA  752  Rectifier 
6  Amps,    200  PIV 


4  $1.29 


NEW  BCD  SWITCH 

8  switch  with  end  plates 

Model  TSM200    1011  (CDl) 


$16,  81 


CONTINUOUS  TONE  BUZZERS 
12VDC ..  .. J$2.00  each 


EIMAC  FINGER  STOCK  #Y-302 

36  in.  long  x  1/2  in.       $4.  99  each 


MAGNET  WIRE 

$22.  50  per  spool 
#24  A.W.G. 

#26  A.W.G 

#25  A.W.G. 

#30  A.W.G. 

#31  AW.G. 


9  lb. 

9  lb. 

9  tb 

8  3  4  lb, 

6  lb 


CORES 

T20-12 

T25-6 
T30-2 


4/1.00 
T30-6 
T30-12 

T37-2 


T37-6 

T37-10 

T44-6 


CABLE  TIES 

#/T~18R  100  per 

mil,  spec,  #MS-3368S,  4M 
Made  by  Tyton  Corp, 

$2.  SO  per  bag 
100  bags  -  $20.  00 


bag 


Miniature  Ceramic  Trimmers 
.  50  each  or  l0/$4. 00 


CV31D350 

HMOO-4075-03 

300425 

K5-2SA 


2     to    8 

3.5  to  11 
3.5  to  13 

5  to  25 
5,1  to  40 
3.5  to  15 
5.  2  to  40 
2,  5  to   6 


pF 

PF 
pF 
pF 

pF 
pF 
PF 
PF 


CERAMIC  STAND  OFFS 
*CNP-5  3/8  x  S/8' 


#N54W0112 
#NL523W03-01G 


7/16  x  1  1/4 
3/fl  a  1  l/2,¥ 
3/4  x  1  1/4" 


29  each 
39  each 
49  each 
79  i?ach 


CORES  AND  BEADS 

«43 

Shield  Bead 

#61 

Tor  aid 

#43 

Balun 

#61 

Balun 

#€1 

Balun 

ft! 

Baton 

#61 

Beads 

Ferr 

ite  Rod  x/4  *  7  1/2 

Ferr 

tte  Beads  1/8"  long 

Ferriit  Beads  3/8"  long 

Ferrite  Beads  1/16"  lung 

4/1 ,00 
3/1.00 

10/1,00 
8/1.  00 
6/1*00 
4/1.00 

10/  1.00 
2,99 

12/1.00 
8/1.00 

12/1, 00 


DOOR  KNOB  CAPS 

470  pF  &  15  KV 
Dual  500  pF  @  15  KV 
680  pF  @  6  KV 
800  pF  @  15  KV 
2700  pF  @  40  KV 


$3.99  each 
5.99  each 
3.99  each 
3.99  each 
5.99  each 


ORDERING  INSTRUCTIONS 

Check ,  money  order,  or  credit  cards  welcome.  (Master  Charge  and  VISA  only.)  No  personal  checks  or  certified  personal 
checks  for  foreign  countries  accepted,  Money  order  or  cashiers  check  in  U.S.  funds  only.  Letters  of  credit  are  not  acceptable. 

Minimum  shipping  by  UPS  is  52.35  with  insurance.  Please  allow  extra  shipping  charges  for  heavy  or  long  Hems. 

Ml  parts  returned  due  to  customer  error  or  decision  will  be  subject  to  a  15*i  restock  charge.  If  we  are  out  of  an  item  ordered, 
we  will  try  to  replace  it  with  an  equal  or  better  part  unless  you  specify  not  to,  or  we  will  back  order  the  item,  or  refund  your 
money. 

PRICES  ARE  SUBJECT  TO  CHANGE  WITHOUT  NOTICE.  Prices  supersede  all  previously  published  Some  items  offer 
ed  are  limited  to  small  quantities  and  are  subject  to  prior  sale, 

We  now  have  a  toll  free  number,  but  we  ask  that  it  be  used  for  charge  orders  only.  If  you  have  any  questions  please  use  our 
other  number.  We  are  open  from  8:00  a.m.  *  5:00  p.m.  Monday  thru  Saturday, 

Our  loll  free  number  for  charge  orders  only  is  800-528-361 1.  MIN.  ORDER  $10 


TRANSFORMERS 

$9,  99  each 
#2899652-01 
26 .  8  VCT  @  660  MA 
21.9  VCT  @  1.1  Amps 

$1. 99  each 
#18000711P 
24  V  @  100  MA 

$12.99  each 
#2099459-00 
28  V  @  1.  5  Amps 
9.6  V  @  9     Amps 
16.  8  V  @  300  MA 


JUMBO  LED' 

Red 
Clear 
Yellow 
Green 

Amber 


8/$1.00 
6/ $1,00 

6/$l.U0 
6/ $1,00 

6/$1.00 


MEDIUM  LEDfS 


Red 
Green 


6/$l,00 
6/$1.00 


NE555V  TIMERS 
.39  each  or  10/$5.00 

NEW  DUAL  COLON  LED 
.69  each  or  10/ $5. 00 

PLATE  CHOKES 

75  uH  3-00 

,  94  mH  3.  99 


TRANSISTORS/IC  S 


Motorola  WHW  252  VHF  power  amplifier. 
Frequency  raf^ge:     144-140  MHc. 
Our  put  power:     2SW. 
Him  mum  gaut     !9,2dB 

$29.67  each 

Motorola  MC   131€P\ 
House  no,  si  me  as  HEP  C6073  4 
EC98H 

2-W  awJn.1  amplifier 

$1.29  ea*,    tOfor  $9  50 

FatrchlWOT7-0^IC. 

BCG  no.   TO7  Chroma  demodulator. 

$1,  29  ea. ,    10  for  $S.  50 

Motorola  rf  transistors. 
Selection  Guide  *  Cross -Refer*- net- 
Catalog. 

Si.  99  each 


RCA  True*. 

TypeT23i0A 

TO-5  Ciw  wth  heat  sunt*. 

I.  6  Amp,    ADO 'VDC,   Igl  3mA. 

Sensitive  £3te . 


*i.  00  each 


RCA  powrf  transistors* 
NPN  HCS  258, 
Vceo  60  NFE  5mA. 
IC  20  Amps  Vce  4V. 
250  WaiU.   Fl  2  MHz, 


13.00  eadi 

RCA  Trtacs. 

Type  T4 12  LB/ 40799. 

200  Vt>C  AC  Amps. 

Stud  type 

S3. 69  each 

RCA  True*, 

Type  40105, T&421D. 
30  Amp*.   400  VDC 


Sd  .  00  each 


Motorola  rf  amplifier. 

544-4001-002.  simitar  to  typi-  MHW  40A-2. 

1.5  Watt  a  output.  440-512  MHa. 

A5  dB  gain  mm.  $jfl.  59  eacb 


2822  North  32nd  Street.  #1 


Phoenix.  Arizona  85008   •    Phone  602-956-9423 


e  Ltst  of  Ativetttsers  on  page  13Q 


73  Magazine  *  October,  T981     203 


#<M2 


P.O.  BOX  401204E    GARLAND.  TX  75040    214/270-3553 


■ 


*  SUPERSTAR    SALE!* 

ALL  ITEMS  WITH  STARS 
BUY  3  GET  ONE  FREE 

UL,  (Ho  Mining)  .JL, 


•Sound  Effects  Kit  SI 8. 50  + 


The  SE-01  Sound  Effects  Kit  ha*  all  you  need 
to  build  a  programmable  sound  effects 
machine  except  a  battery  and  speaker  Only 
the  SE-01  provides  you  with  additional 
circuitry  that  includes  a  Pulse  Generator,  Mux 
Oscillator  and  Comparator  to  make  more 
complex  sounds  a  snap,  Include*  Tl 76477, 
(w/specs)  assembly  instructions  and 
programming  examples  You  can  easily  create 
Gunshots,  Explosions,  Steam  Trains,  Wind  & 
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Complete  Kit  S1B.50 

With  quality  PC  Board 

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76477  C nip  Is  Included 
Ex  Ira  chips  S3. 1  Sea- 


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If  you  h»*  trouble  keeping  and  you  would  like 
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ery  then  this  htlle  kit  will  be  fot  you1  There 
is  no  way  to  Accurately  describe  the  unearthly 
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kit.  Four  separate  tone  oscillators  are  mixed, 
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•  ZULU  II  Clock  Kit  * 

$19.95  less  case 

•  1/2'"  LED  Readouts 

•  Quartz  XTAL  Trmebsse 

•  Calendar 

•  Unique  NOXm  Circuit  Wilt  Dtsfrtay  fteadouts  On 
Handclap 

•  Ballery  Backup  {battery  nol  included) 

•  High  Quality  Drilled  &  Plated  PC  Boards:  Clear 
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7  Watt  Audio  Amp  Kit    $5-95 

SMALL.  SWGLE  urn  run  if.  AND  COMPONENTS  Fit  CW  A  J  ..  !1  ■  PC 
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Protect  your  expensive  fcqutpmeM  from  DnervQliage 
conditions  Every  computet  tlwuld  have  one1  Worfci  whh  any 
tuned  DC  po»*r  tOurC*  from  10  to  20  volts  up  to  25  amps 


PLASTIC    CASE    WITH    FRONT 
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PUIG  COIiPATAB  i  E  *n0  TGWE  SLIDE  CQHTftQuS 


wim  tune  a 


REQUIRES  1 2 VAC 
HANSFOftVFfl  AT  4» 


AMP    ONLY 


FEATURES    AM    FM 
F*O04  input  Auk 
CiJ-3 


AC 


1WFH 
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TUNER 

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The 
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Maker 

REVISION  2 

•3445 

(Banc  Kit) 

Dot*  npf  include  IpmakGr 
twttchti    or    2708  ROM 

IN om  you  can  play  hundreds  ol  aqngs Tusmg  [ho  Buil*l  Super 
Muiic  Maker-  The  unit  I«i1ur«i  m  tlngt*  factory 
programmed  mkropfoccttor  \C  inat  comes  wtin  ?Q  prg- 
programmed  shorl  lunes  By  adding  ihe  adflilional  PROMS 
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nolaa  pet  PROM,  Just  Think  a  compact  electronic 

Instrumfirn  thai  will  play  dozens,  hundreds  or  even 
thousands-  of  selections  of  music  The  kn  comes  with  all 
electronic  components  jleu  the  PROM),  and  a  drilled 
plated  and  screened  PG  Board  which  measures  4"  *  4  . 
The  7  wall  amplifier  section  is  on  Ihe  same  PC  board  and 
drives  an  3  ohm  speaker  (nol  mcludedK  from  a  whisper  io 
eat  spi«ttmg  volume  Since  the  uml  worht  on  12  VOC  or  13 
VAC*,  vehicle  or  portable  operation  is  possible  What  do 
you  get  for  SlltS?  Everything  bul  m  ■peaJrer.  tranatermer, 
cue  twitches,  and  PROM.  Additional  2706  albums 
containing  popular  tun^s  are  available  lor  $15,00  each  or 
you  Can  program  your  own  PROMS  using  information 
provided  wi1h  the  Kit  instructions  Lists  of  iv*<l«bte  PROM 
albums  »r«  available  on  request  >  rVcMe  Unit  prays 
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*  Envelope  control  gives  decay  io  note* 

*  On  board  inverter  allows  single  voltage  i*12)  operation 

OPTIONAL  ACCESSORIES 

Dtp  Switches    One  8  po$  ,  One  5  pos  2,00/Sei 

(Can  be  direct**  soldered  to  PC  Bd  to  access  tunta) 

Rat  try  Switch*!     Two  5  position  ?.40.$*t 

(For  remole  wiring  to  PC  Bd  lo  access  lunesi 


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Plastic 


Wail  plug  Trans  former 

(For  operation  on  117V AC  house  voyage] 


6.50 
3.00 


Microprocessor  Station  Clock  $49*95 

The  ZULU  3TZ  is  a  full  blown  ROM  and  MICRO- 
PROCESSOR unlike  other  standard  clock  IC's,  it  allows 
exceptional  flexibility.  Almost  a  year  in  design,  it  is  the 
most  advanced  station  clock  on  the  market. 

QUALITY  SOLDER  20^  CHANGE 
MASKED  &  SCREENED  FEATURE 

PC  BOARDS  MAKES  Select  one  of  three 
ASSEMBLY  A  SNAP 


Adjustable  Brightness 

.6"  •  High  intensity 

Orange  Led  Readouts 

Seconds  Reset  Hold 

provides  easy 

syncronization  with 

WWV 

Quartz  Crystal 

Timebase  and 
Battery  Backup 


$49.95 


S79 


Complete  Kit 

including  Case  & 

Waltplug  KFMR 

for  H7VAC 

Operation 


Wired  A 
Tested 


12  Volts 

AC  or  DC 


World  Time  zones. 

Local  Time  (12  Hr 

format)  and  TWO 

24  hr.  zones  of 

your  choice, 

RFI  Protected 

ID  FEATURE 

LED  Indicator  lights 

when  activated 

flashes  at  10  min. 

Different  audio 

tones  at 

8  and  9  min 


FALL  SPECIALS:  (Good  Thru  Nov.  81) 

1.  Super  Music  Maker  with  case  and  two 
5-oosition  rotarv  switches  S32.00 

2.  Super  Music  with  one  2716  2K  X  8  PROM 
filled  with  over  50  selections  of  additional 
music  {>1500  notes)  $32,00 

3.  The  Whole  Ball  of  Wax!  #2  +  case  and 
switches.  $39.95 


*  NO  COD  s 

*  SEND  CHECK  rVLO.  OR  CHARGE  CARD  NO. 

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*  ADD  S%  FOR  SHIPPING, 

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U.  S.  FUNDS  ONLY. 

(214)  278-3553 


PS  14  REGULATOR  CARD  KIT 

This  is  the  Regulator  Card  from  our  famous 

20A  Power  Supply  Kit.  Although  we  ran  out  of 
the  transformers  and  heafsinks,  many 
customers  have  been  able  to  locate  their  own. 
The  regulator  card  performs  the  actual 
voltage  regulation  and  has  adjustable  fold 
back  current  limiting.  Output  voltage  is  stable 
to  200MV  from  0  to  20  Amps  and  adjustable 
from  11  to  14  Volts.  Designed  to  drive  2  high 
current  NPN  transistors  (2N3771  2N5301  or 
equiv.)  The  unit  assembles  quickly,  Included 
are  atl  the  on  board  components  including  a 
driver  transistor  and  over-temp  shutdown 
sensor.  Designed  to  screw  down  to  a  standard 
3"  diameter  computer  grade  filter  cap.  The 
quality  plated  PC  card  is  3-1/2"  x  4  3/4rr. 

WITH  INSTRUCTIONS 


REGULATOR  CARD  KIT 

HIGH  CURRENT  PARTS 

(2  -  2N3772  &  25A  Bridge) 

SV000  MFD  @  40V  Computer  Grade 

Requires  Transformer  with  16-19  VAC  Oul  (5)  The 
Current  Vou  Expect  To  Draw. 


$14.95 

$5.00 
$3.50 


204     73  Magazine  •  October.  1981 


•  FM      •  \ 

•  LINKS     •  REPEATERS     •  TRANSMITTERS 

•  RECEIVERS     •  PREAMPS     •  CONVERTERS 

•  TRANSCEIVERS  •  POWER  SUPPLIES  •  PAS 


IRA™? QUALITY  VHF/UHF  KITS 
converters  AT  AFFORDABLE  PRICES 


SAVE  A  BUNDLE  ON      J 
VHF  FM  TRANSCEIVERS! 

10  watts,  5  Channels,  for 6M,2M?  or 220 


Hamtronics    Does  it  Again! 

Where  etse  can  you  get  a 
value-packed  radio  at  such 

reasonable  cost? 


FM-5  PC  Board  Kit  -  ONLY  $1 59.95 
complete  with  controls,  heatsinkf  etc. 

Cabinet  kit,  microphone,  crysfa/s.  efc.  available  separately 

Request  catalog  for  full  details. 


HIGH  QUALITY  FM  MODULES  FOR 
REPEATERS,  LINKS,  TELEMETRY,  ETC. 


•  R75  VHF  FM  RECEIVER  for  10M,  6M. 
2M.  220.  or  commercial  bands.  4  fantastic 
selectivity  options.  Kits  from  $84.95  to$1 1 9-95 

•  R450  UHF  FM  RECEIVER  for 380-520  MHz 
bands.  Kits  in  selectivity  options  from  $94.95 

•  R1 10  VHF  Ail  RECEIVER  Kit  for  vh*  aircraft 
band  or  ham  bands.  Only  $64.95. 


•  COR  KITS  With  audio  mixer  and  speaker 
amplifier.  Only  $29,95. 

•  CWID  KITS  158  bits,  field  programmable. 
Clean  audio.  Only  $59,95. 

•  A1 6  RF  TIGHT  BOX  Deep  drawn  alum,  case 
with  tight  cover  and  no  seams.  7x8x2  inches. 
Only  $1 8.00. 

•  SCANNER  CONVERTERS  Copy  72-76, 
135-144,  240-270, 40O420,  or  806-894  MHz 
bands  on  any  scanner.  WireoTtested  Only  S79.95- 


•  T51  VHF  FM  EXCITER  for  10Mt  6Mt  SM, 
220  MHz  or  adjacent  bands.  2  Watts  contin- 
uous. Kits  only  $54.95. 

•  T451  UHF  FM  EXCITER  tor  450  ham  band 
or  adjacent.  Kits  only  $64.95 

•  VHF  &  UHF  LINEAR  AMPLIFIERS.  Use  on 
either  FM  orSSB.  Power  levels  from  1 0  to  45 
Watts  to  go  with  exciters  &  xmtg  converters. 
Kits  from  S69.95. 


VHF      &      UHF      RECEIVER 
PREAMPS.  Low  noise. 


VHF  &  UHF  TRANSMITTING  CONVERTERS      VHF   &    UHF   RECEIVING   CONVERTERS 


For  SSB,  CW.  ATVF  FM,  etc.  Available  for  6MP  2M, 
220, 440  with  many  I F  input  ranges.  Converter  board 
kit  only  at  $79.95  (VHF)  or  $99.95  (UHF)  or  kits 
complete  with  PA  and  cabinet  as  shown. 


20  Models  cover  every  practical  rf  and  if  range  to 
listen  toSSB,  FMt  ATV,  etc.  on  6M,  2M,  220. 440,  and 
110  aircraft  band.  Even  convert  weather  down  to  2  Mf 
Kits  from  $39.95  and  wired  units. 


VHF  Kits  from  27  to  300  MHz.  UHF 
Kits  from  300  to  650  MHz.  Broadband 
Kits:  20-650  MHz.  Prices  start  at 
$14.95  (VHF)  and  $1  &95  (UHF)  All 
preamps  and  converters  have  noise 
figure  2dB  or  less. 


.  Call  or  Write  for  FREE  CATALOG 

(Send  $2.00  or  5  IRC's  for  overseas  MAILING) 
•  Order  by  phone  or  mail  •  Add  $2  S  &  H  per  order 
(Electronic  answering  service  evenings  &  weekends) 
Use  VISA,  MASTERCARD,  Check,  or  UPS  COD. 


^33 


m  ironies,  inc. 

65-PMOULRD.  •  HILTON  NY  14468 

Phone:  716-392-9430 

Hamtronics'  is  a  registered  trademark 


isnsa^j    the  first  name  in  Counters ! 


o 


9  DIGITS  600  MHz 


$129^ 

^  WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS 


^-irtfd  I  ,ni»«i..|iry      tl  Jw  «!" 

u^rtiT  i  »*» 


The  CT-90  is  the  most  versatile*  feature  picked  counter  available  for  lesi 
than  5300.00?  Advanced  design  features  include  three  selectable  hhsc  times* 
nine  digiii.  gate  indicator  and  ■  unique  display  hold  Function  which  holds  the 
displayed  count  liter  the  inpul  signal  is  removed!  Alio,  a  lOtnH*  1  (.'  XQtime 
base  is  u>cd  which  enables  easy  rem  beat  calibration  checks  against  WWV 
Optionally,  an  internal  mead!  battery  pack,eiternml  time  base  input  and  Mtcn> 
power  high  stability  crystal  oven  time  base  are  available.  The  CT-90. 
performance  you  can  count  on! 


Range 
Sensitivity 

RgsoJunoit 


Display 
Time  base 

Power 


20  Hr  ic-600  MHz 

Less  than  10  MV  to  150  MHi 

Less  than  SO  MV  to  500  MHz 

O.t  H*MU  MIL-  rangel 

1,0  H^ftOMHz  range* 

LOO  Hi  (bOO  MHi  range  i 

9  digit*  0  4"  LED 

Standaid^  10.000  mtii.  I  0  ppm  20-40  C 

Optional  Mcrtv  power  oveivO  I  ppm  KM0  C 

8^  15  VAC  i    :M>  ma 


7  DIGITS  525  MHz  $99 


WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS 


Range 

Saoaittvtty 
Resolution 


Divplay- 
Time  base: 
Power 


20  Hi  Lo  525  MHz 
Less  than  50  MV  lo  150  MHz 
Less  than  I  50  MV  la  500  MHi 
1.0  Hz  15  MHz  mngel 
100  Hz  150  MHz  range) 
1000  ttt  (500  MHe  range) 
7  digits  0  4"  L£D 
l.QppmTCXOHMCrC 
12  VAC*#  250  m* 


The  CT-70  breaks  the  price  banner  on  lab  quality  frequency  counters. 
Deluxe  features  such  as;  three  frequency  ranges  each  with  pre- amplification, 
dual  selectable  gate  times,  and  gate  activity  indication  make  measurements  a 
inap.  The  wide  frequency  range  enables  you  to  accurately  measure  signals 

from  audio  thru  UHF  with  L  .0  ppm  accuracy    that's  0001  %!  Tn*  CT-70  is 
the  answer  to  all  your  measurement  needs,  in  the  field,  lab  or  ham  (hack. 


PRICES 

CT-70  wired,  t  year  warranty 
CT  70  Kit.  TO  day  part*  war- 
ranty 

AC- 1  AC  adapter 
BP  I  Nicad  pack  +  AC 
adapter  charger 


599  95 


7  DIGITS  500  MHz  $7955 


WIRED 


PRICES: 

MINI  100  wired,   I    year 

warranty  $79,95 

AC    Z  Ac  adapter  for  MINI 

100  395 

BP  Z  Nicad  pack  and  A< 

adapter  charger  1 2.95 


Here's  a  handy,  general  purpose  counter  thai  provides  most  counter 
functions  at  an  unbelievable  price.  The  MINI  1U0  doesn't  have  the  full 
frequency  range  or  input  impedance  qualities  found  in  higher  price  units,  but 
for  basic  RF  signal  measurements^  it  can't  be  bear!  Accurate  measurements 
can  be  made  from  I  M  Hi  all  the  way  up  to  500  MHz  with  excellent  sensitivity 
throughout  the  range,  and  the  two  gate  times  Vet  you  select  the  resolution 
desired.  Add  the  nicad  pack  option  and  the  MINI  100  makes  an  ideal  addition 
to  your  tool  boa  for  "nv  the- field"  frequent  >  checks  and  repairs. 


SPECIFICATIONS; 


Range 

Sensitivity 

Resolution: 

DispJay: 
Time  base 
Power 


I  MHz  to  500  MHz 
Lets  than  25  MV 
100  Hz  { stow  gate) 

1  0  KHz  cfast  gatel 
7  digits.  0.4"  LED 

2  0  ppm  KMOT 
5  VDC  <*  200  ma 


8  DIGITS  600  MHz  $159 


WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS- 

Range:  20  Hi  to  600  Ml  \t 

Sensitivity:       Less  lhan  25  mv  lo  1 50  MHz 

Less  than  150  mv  to  600  MHz 
Resolution       1.0  Hz  (60  MHz  range  I 

10  0  Hz  {600  MHz  range, 
Display  8  digits  0  4    LED 

Time  base       2,0  ppm  20-40^ 
Power:  U0  VAC  or  12  VDC 


The  CT-50  is  a  versatile  lab  bench  counter  that  wilt  measure  up  to 600  MM/ 
with  8  digit  precision.  And.  one  of  its  best  features  is  the  Receive  Frequency 
Adapter,  which  turns  .he  CT-50  into  a  dip  La  I  readout  for  any  receiver,  The 
adapter  ti  easily  programmed  for  any  receiver  and  a  simple  connection  to  the 
receiver"i  VFD  ti  all  that  is  required  for  use  Adding  the  receiver  adapter  m  no 
way  limits  the  operation  of*  ih*  CT-50,  the  adapter  can  be  conveiriemiy 
switched  on  or  off  The  CT-50,  a  counter  that  can  wort  double- duty! 


PRICES; 

CT-50  wired,.  1  year  warranty 

$159.95 

CT-50  Kit,  90  day  parts 

warranty 

119.95 

RA- 1 ,  receiver  adapter  kit 

14.95 

RA-I  wtredandpre*  program 

med  ( send  copy  of  receiver 

schematic) 

2995 

DIGITAL  MULTIMETER  $99^ 


WIRED 


PRICES; 

DM- TOO  wind  I  year  warranty 

S99.95 

DM- 700  Kit  90  clay  puts 

w arrant  v 

79  95 

AC  I .  AC  adaptor 

395 

BP  h  Nicad  pack  +AC 

adapter/  charger 

19.95 

MP  1.  Probe  kit 

}  ^ 

The  DM-700  offers  professional  quality  performance  at  a  hobbyist  price, 
Features  include;  26  different  ran^c*  kind  5  functions,  all  arrimgrd  in  n 
cfinvmienl,  eray  to  use  format  Measurements  are  displayed  on  a  large  V*? 
digit.  H*  inch  L£D  rradmif  with  automatic  decimal  placrmmt.  automata 
polar  m .  twmafl^r  imiicarhnft  and  overload  prorectton  up  to  1 2  50  \-nii»  on  all 
rm«».  making  tr  virtually  goof 'proof  TheDM-700  looks  fltrat.  i  handsome 
in  Hack,  ru)«eJ  ABS  cjtfe  with  convenient  retractable  oSt  bm\  make*  ti  xn 
ideal  addition  to  ,my  sru>p. 


SPECIFICATIONS: 

DC  A<   volts.  KKiuV  id  1  KV.5  ranges 

DO  AC 

0  1  uA  to  2.0  Amps.  5  ranges 

0  1  ohms  to  20  Megohms*  6  ranges 


current: 

Resistance 

Inpul 

impedance 

Accuracy; 

Power 


10  Megohms.  DC  AC  *o*ts 
0.1%  basic  DC  volts 
4   C  cells 


AUDIO  SCALER 


For  high  resolution  audio  measurements,  multiplies 
UP  in    frequency. 

•  Great  for  PL  tones 

•  Multiplies  by  10  or  100 
■  0  01  Hz  resolution! 

S29.V5  Kn        $39.95  Wired 


ACCESSORIES 


Telescopic  whip  antenna  -  BNC  plug  

High  impedance  probe,  light  loading 
Low  pass  probe,  for  audio  measureznenU 

Direct  probe,  general  purpose  usage 

Tilt  bail  forCT70K  9Q.  MJNH00. 
Color  burst  calibration  unit,  calibrates  counter 
aaaunt  color  TV  ngnaL 


S  1.95 

15,95 

L5  95 

12,95 

J95 


COUNTER  PREAMP 

hor  measuring  extremely  weak  atajpiacs  front  10  to  1  AW 
MHr.   Shi  oil  ^i-i-,  pitwrred  hy  pluK  transformer  -mcludcj 

•  Flat  25  db  gain 

•  BNC  Connector* 

•  Great  for  sniffing  RF  with  pick-up  loop 

134.95  Kit      S44  95  Wired 


ramsey  eiedronic's,  inc.  i_ 

2575  Baird  Rd.  Penfield,  NY  14526     P-6? 


PHONE  ORDERS 

CAL  I  716-586  3950 


■irL>^     *i  ottf^a*  *otpp  *q'    '»t^«d    add  }~-      (o«   tit<pp.ng 
"iyfonie*oo  ■pqnTii*rti^V'0    0**"i*ci  add  !  S        COD   add 

fi    0»d#nun()#pii0     odd  i  ►  50    N*  '■*.d*i>'*  odd  7      *a* 


206     73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981 


1 


TOP  QUALITY  PARTS  FOR  LESS 


Precision  Hybrid 
Oscillator  Module 


Has  both  1  MHZ  and  2  MHZ  TTL  - 
outputs  —  Hermetically  sealed  — 
Ultra  high  stability  over  wide  temp, 
range  —  originally  cost  over  $40.00 
each  —  We  made  a  super  purchase 
from  a  major  computer  manufacturer 
—  5  Volt  operation  *  fits  standard  24 
pin  socket  *  Manufactered  by 
Motorola       oscillator       division. 


MC6871  a 

CRYSTAL  OSC 
lOMHf 


MC6871A 


3/20 


T50 

f         w/data 


NEO  2137  by  NEC 

•  Microwave  R,F.  transistor (N, P. N.) 

•  Micromotd  package  #37 

•  Dual  Emitter  leads 
•FT  to  4.5  GHZ 

•  VCEO  10VCC  20  MA,  HFE  40*200 

•  Gain  10V-20MA-1GHZ  =  14DB  Typical 

•  Very  low  noise    High  gain  1 .5  DB 
m.  500  MHZ 

•  Cleared  for  high  reliability  space 
applications 


COMPARE 


LM117 


An  easy  to  use  adjustable 
Voltage  Regulator  -  only  two 
external  resistors  needed  to 
set  the  output  vol  I  age  -  TO-3 
Case  -  adjustable  from  1.2 
to  37V  ■  Regulator  is  floating,  so  it  can 
be  used  in  a  wide  variety  of 
applications,  as  long  as  the  <npuMo- 
output  differential  vottage  is  40V  or  less 
■  1.5A  output  current  ■  house  numbered  - 
prime-  Motorola. 


Video  Game  Board 

Hoch*¥  *  Tennis  *  Handba't 

•  Genera?  Instruments  AY3-B5G0 

•  Features  Exciting  Sounds 

•  On  Screen  Scoring 

•  1  or  2  Players 

•  Speed  &  Paddle  Consols 

•  Workson9VoflsDC 

Each  board  comes  wilh  RF  Modulator  (CM  3 
or  4]  and  schematic  The  only  parts  needed  to 
complete  game  are  speaker  3  t  Meg  Pots  & 
Switches 


3for120B 


-    % 


Video  Paddle 
Controls 


2  fori 


00 


Can  be  used  with 
game  board  at  left 


( 


Rectifier  Diode 

IN  4007 

11/100 


1000  Volts.  1  Amp 
DOd1  Case*  Prime* 
Long  Lead  ■  Marked. 


Variable 
Inductors 

30  40  uh 
9uh-  1.2  uh 
11uhto20uh    / 
.25  uh  •  .35  uh 
.85  uh  ■  .95  uh 


Transformer 

32VCT  <§  1  amp 
6V  <a  1  amp 

Measures: 

2"x2V«"x21/4,, 

23/a1'  Mounting  Centers 


Fixed  Inductors 

39  uh   6/1 00  12,5  uh- 8/1 00 
500 uh  -Hash  Filter 

®  2  Amps   4/1 00 


Molded  Choke 

3  uh  -  8/1 00  50  mh    6/1 00 


Micro  Mini 
Toggle  Switch 


SCOTCH  LOK 

Great  tor  connect  ng  a  wire  to  an 
eviStmg  m&e  *rtnout  Stripping  ADSn 
(ute*y  invaiuaCe  m  nard  to  reacn  a*eas 
such  as  undeT  car  dash  inside 
television  etc  Simply  put  Sc^icn  Ink 
over  existmy  wire  insen  new  wire  tp  be 
connected  With  a  standard  pa  if  of 
pfters,  compress  metal  on  rnsulam*  hio 
need  for  tape  Super  neat  installation 
Once  you  use  this  you  wiN  neve*  qo 
back  to  Ihe    old"  way  '^'S.^J 

15/100        'fa 


IC  Specials 

MC1 488- 1489-  RS232  Driver 
and  Receiver  qqc 

NE556-DualNE555 

2/1 25 

NE555 

3/1"or10/330 


6  for  500 


^  M  SPOT  •  Made  in  USA 

with  Hardware 


1.2  mh 


8/1 


00 


5  Watt  Zeners  ^ 

6.8v      15v      48v  ^ 

11v      24v      55v 
12-6v  30v      60v 
5%  •  Some  House  Numbered 
Cut  &  Formed  *  Prime 

10  fori00 

1N4735-6.2V*  1  Watt 
Cut  &  Formed  ....  20/1*° 


JFETOPAMP 

Super  High  Input  Impedance 
(1012  OHMS)  —  High  Frequen- 
cy Response.  TO  4  MHZ. 
Large  DC  Voltage  Gatn  106  OB 
—  New  generation  OP-AMP 
with  Vastly  Superior  Features! 


LF356BH 


or 


00 


EIAJ#1SS98 

NEC#4981-7E 
Microwave  -  Schottky 

barrier  diode 

HP-Hot  Carrier  diodes 

50822835 


M  A1 01 0A  Clock 
Module 


•  • 


c  or  6/500 


•  Giant  ,84"  LED 

•  Complete  -  add  only  trans- 
former and  switches 

•  12  hour  display  format 

•  50  or  60  HZ  operation 

•  Power  failure  indication 

•  Fast  and  slow  set  controls 

•  Brightness  controj 
capability 

•  PM  indicator 


SEE  WHAT  BILLY  BOB  HAS  TO  SAY  ON  PAGE  18  OF  OUR  NEW  CATALOG! 


TERMS 

Add  \  (MKtaa*  w  pay  ktftM.iL  Orders  urtdei   15  add  75  hartdUq  Nn 

COD  fit  K«pJ  Vict  Mh  ffrCard  and  Am+urnt  ftpest  tir&t  fa   R*  r 

add  5*  T]i  ht*w  wtai  {Csrudi  10*|  idd  20*  P  &  H 


VISA  •  MASTERCARD  •  AMERICAN  EXPRESS  • 


Digital  Research:  Parts 

P.O.  Box  401247B  •  GarUnd,  Twat  75040 

(214)  271-2461 


*$ee  Utt  of  Advertisers  on  page  730 


73  Magazine  ■  October,  1981     207 


INTRODUCING  SONY'S  NEW  DIGITAL 
v~-_  DIRECT  ACCESS  RECEIVER! 


95  p||js 

$5.00 
shipping 


Revolutionary 
Instant  Access  Digital 
Shortwave  Scanner 

•  Continuous  Scanning  of  LW.  MW,  SW.  &  FM  Bands 

•  Instant  Fingertip  Tuning— No  More  Knobs! 

•  6  Memories  for  Any  Mode  (AM.SSBfCW,  &  FM) 

•  Dual  PLL  Frequency  Synthesized— No  Drift! 


A  WHOLE  NEW  BREED  OF  RADIO  IS  HERE  NOW'  No  Other 
short  wave  receiver  combines  so  many  advanced  features  for 
both  operating  convenience  and  high  performance  as  does  the 
new  Sony  fCF-2001-  Once  you  have  operated  this  exciting  new 
radio.  you'll  be  spoiled  forever"  Direct  access  tuning  eliminates 
conventional  tuning  knobs  and  dials  with  a  convenient  digital 
keyboard  and  Liquid  Crystal  Display  (LCD)  for  accurate  frequen- 
cy readout  to  within  1  KHz,  Instant  fingertip  tuning,  up  to  8 
memory  presets,  and  continuous  scanning  features  make  the 
ICF-2001  the  ultimate  in  convenience, 

Compare  the  following  features  against  any  receiver  currently 
available  and  you  will  have  to  agree  lhal  the  Sony  ICF  2001  is  the 
besl  value  In  shortwave  receivers  today: 

DUAL  PLL  SYNTHESIZER  CIRCUITRY  covers  entire  150  KHz  to 
29.999  MHz  band.  plLt  circuit  has  100  KHz  step  while  PLL? 
handles  1  KHz  step,  both  of  which  are  controlled  by  separate 
quartz  crystal  oscillators  for  precise,  no-drift  tuning  DUAL  CON- 
VERSION SUPERHETERODYNE  circuitry  assures  superior  AM 
reception  and  h*gh  image  rejection  characteristics  The  10.7  MH; 
IF  of  the  FM  band  is  utilized  as  She  2nd  IF  of  the  AM  tand.  A  new 
type  of  crystal  filter  made  especially  for  this  purpose  realizes 
clearer  reception  than  common ty  used  ceramic  filters  ALL  FET 
FRONT  END  for  high  sensitivity  and  interference  rejection  Inter- 
modulation,  cross  modulation,  and  spurious  interference  are  ef- 
fectively rejected.  FET  RF  AMP  contributes  to  superior  image  re- 
jection, high  sensitivity,  and  good  signal  to  noise  ratio  Both 
strong  and  weak  stations  are  received  with  mfnimal  distortion 


A  Enter  Button 
B  Signal  Strength 

Indicator 
C  Liquid  Crystal  Display 
D  Memory  Preset  Buttons 
E  Antenna  Adjustment 

Dial 


F  SSB/CW  Compensator 

G  Execute  Bar 

H  Manual  Tuning  Buttons 

I   Scan  Button 

J  High/Low  Limit  Buttons 


EXTENDED  SPECTRUM  CONTINUOUS  TUNING 


AM 


150  to  29,999  KHz 


**on 


MA 


Ui  6a  jffi 


icw*- 


FM 
i  to  108 
MHZ 


OPERATIONAL  FEATURES 
INSTANT  FINGERTIP  TUNING  with  the  calculator  type  key  board 
enables  the  operator  to  have  instant  access  to  any  frequency  in 
the  LW,  MW,  SW,  and  FM  bands  And  the  LCD  digital  frequency 
display  confirms  the  exact,  drift-free  signal  being  received. 
AUTOMATIC  SCANNING  of  the  above  bands.  Continuous 
scanning  of  any  desired  portion  of  the  band  is  achieved  by 
setting  ihe  "L^1  and  'L^"  keys  to  define  the  range  to  be  scanned. 
The  scanner  can  stop  automatically  on  strong  signals,  or  it  can 
be  done  manually  MANUAL  SEARCH  is  similar  to  the  manual 
scan  mode  and  is  useful  tor  quick  signal  searching.  The  "UP" 
and  DOWN"  keys  let  the  tuner  search  for  you.  The  °FAST+t  key 
increases  the  search  rale  for  faster  signal  detection  MEMORY 
PRESETS,  Six  memory  keys  hold  desired  stations  for  instant 
one-key  tuning  in  any  mode  CAMT  SSB/CW,  and  FM),  and  also,  the 
"Li"  and  "Ly"  keys  can  give  you  two  more  memory  slots  when 
not  used  lor  scanning.  OTHER  FEATURES:  Local,  norma!,  DX 
sensitivity  selector  for  AM:  SSB/CW  compensator:  90  min.  sleep 
limer;  AM  Am.  Adjust. 


SPECIFICATIONS 
CIRCUIT  SYSTEM:  Fm  Superheterodyne;  AM  Dual  conversion 
superheterodyne.  SIGNAL  CIRCUITRY:  4  IC'sh  11  FET's.  23 
Transistors,  16  Diodes.  AUXILIARY  CIRCUITRY;  5  IC"s,  1  LSI,  5 
LED's,  25  Transistors.  9  Diodes.  FREQUENCY  RANGE:  FM 
76-108  MHz;  AM  150-29.999  KHz.  INTERMEDIATE  FREQUENCY: 
FM  107  MHz,;  AM  1st  66,35  MHz.,  2nd  10.7  MHz  ANTENNAS:  FM 
telescopic,  ex*,  ant,  terminal;  AM  telescopic,  built-in  femte  bar. 
ext.  ant  terminal  POWFR:  4.5  VDC/120  VAC  DIMENSIONS:  121  * 
(W)  X  2%  \H\  X  6*4  {D},  WEIGHT:  3  lb,  15  oz.  (18  kg* 


Q    H  ; 

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2£5£-«** Clock  Modules 


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,^Sf?e  L.s^  Qt  Advertisers  o/r  page  T30 


73  Magazine  •  October,  1981     209 


I 


<DEflLER 
DIRECTORY 


1'liiR.iiLv  A/ 

Thr  Smllmr-J  '  iimkI  pnOTUt&m-  nniniTiink'a- 
liim  ruaumm  '|'»1iiie  Eftiiftitiri.  Irum, 
\m*u   VI FT  HiW   .ton.  Lai  -Snail 

Jlv-Caw    RrartaJ.  ataJ  hhht     WiJukJ  Ukr  It) 


241  W*d 


Culver  City  CA 
Jun* UnrtrmWA.  -ISl'J fepuhnia Bl*il  .  I  ^ct 

Ita-jg*  i'jtl  in  fur  rf  hm  ■!'■ 

Koiilana  CA 

Qjmpfefce   llfjfc    tCOM,    iJcuTriPri      I .  n   h- 
MIm(«ij,  I  !nh< ,  Lima;    turn  -I1HH  i  ritvtmiili 
[nuducrj     I'ii    ImMiviiM,    IwJipiIi'ijiii,    ■  * | ■■  r  i 
rrtpl     Alm<  I  !H   FMflin    Ld.i]>linninlr    hiiPilana 
Eled Riiiii-v    Sli2h   Sierra  A  **■,..    hmlafia   CA 
923R.  WS-T710 


San  J*th"  CA 
SAN  FRANCISCO  BAY  AKEA 

||nmrhm*TT>  h*»*n.  Iran  *ti  iw*±  jik!  >nf\i 
fiani  I  --h.jhiH-t  et-arsniiiiVRiBtrFriti  "vf\irtK 
Hani*  «Uir    13%     We  ^niafiur   M    JfMM 

wuir  TrW-C>wn  Efu  Li  Mrtfei.  1-V4W  13jbG(M 
Am*.«wjW<  A%i24rir 

San  Jose  CA 

Rai  trcrtnrttiM  Anurtfitr  K-ubn  •iivr  V**  & 

nut!  Aiiidhiir  H dtitrf  silr*v  h  v.-n  kiv   \V  •-  ri  ii»ipv 
Krnwrjod,    K.C1M,    Will,    W-up,    Ti   i   I" 
Santa  A  man],  Piinrf.Sbavur  FLuJm   Iiil,,  tSTfi 
So.  Bwcmn  Aw. ,  Sun ]rwt>  CA tlfi (28 .Iffift  I  1 03. 

Denver  CO 

Kl[1',r|i|IM'|tlr'l\     pJIidih*  '      1    |r-il|.lli|i       ^n (J 

ninrtiwnit'tf!  rtjinnninnm  Inr  mniiitili'T  LWupk" 
pUffill    MXA       Wim,    nphii    lnimk<ty    *tHth- 
iiwnltf\  0|wii  iii  iliiv a  witL   (»*lru m\  Kit*  - 
trunk*  *  to*,.  aOU  W.  44!li  Am   .  I  Vt^w  CO 
OS1I.  4!ft-S444 

Miami  FI. 

4matnir  Rad*n  Ontrt.  toe,  'hTfitd»(  M 
thr  Am*trw~  ^n  J9H),  2KB  M  2m* 
Aiaw.  Mamt,  Florida  0137.  StMIJO. 
TA% 


Columbus  CA 

KKMAtMH>-¥  AESU  -  DRA  k  E 

Thr  wa-kh  niM  fantAtiit'  nitutmr  tfwr*- 
hhpppiI  Ymp  k-'Uld  MSB  1 1  ID  I  ■■Sift  i'  111  lUclin 
U  In  iIi-mlIc- .  2H2  Aiibuin  Aittliir.  <  <4tiiiihir> 
t;A  WMMi.  .Hi  1-7(100. 

Smyrna  GA 

!  i.i    Miul    kruamij,    \ui?.Il.    II  .MM      I  Ir.lkc  -LI |il 

rriht-r  murfr  Is,   mnn-  1  ■  ■  mx    n>     Hrlll'i 

lwi>\\m  HiHliio.  2"VUb\.  Ailutiii  fld,.  Shutim 


Pnstofi  ID 

htm  HH7HV/   hK  iJk  Lai^sl  M«»i  i^  Am» 
IniT  f-f  *r  in  itir  Int«Tn¥a»ri«in  WW  und  llir 
Btat  Frlti»    I  all  m-  f cv  jiH  vuaf  httll  tkxdb 
Rm»    tKufihuiMM-     7%   So    M*h     fmin   ID 


Trnr  Haute  IN 

\-Htip  hum  lirvtAiiuttm  licjinl  in  thr  hmrt  of 

Miiil<kM>  C  mlrr,  P.O.  Bm  3100.  Trrrr  lliirtc 
|%  JTMilKl   i5^S45ti 


Littleton  MA 

l  U"  l i  nan  ul  N  l    vmm  i  ut  reh  tin   Kwi- 

wfiod,  ICOM,  VVHijm.  "iiWMi  Dmfmii,  K1,M 

►Ulip^  i'&'W  .'.uli  liiTv  i  wiilUikfUin,  WSiiMlrr 
nub;  ilt'lL*  luri.  Jk>mmil,  IIc-ki-'ih  *  jnIi'hillia  Ijv 
iM*n    WILwn    Hirikw,  OASt    TKt*:oM 

|ih  I  MinmnuiifllHim  &  tirtlfutikn.  <(7S  Cfr#f 
B«1     H!    (19,  Unklc*.  MA  0I4«».  4WV304O. 


M^iftini  MA 

JxMJ^i  +■  i  'Ttlnlnilut  Abu!  AuuKtftrru  Ser- 
in-  t  ^riTtiT  (fir  iill  Mai-w  Anient r  fJoML 
Looted  jiitf  Vnt>i<J  Brutm 41  J^tf^un  I-9Q. 
Tvtx*  iWlin  ^^crtmDiB.  Uk.,  901  M»mr  Aw-, 
MnMnrrf  MA  01153.  391-3200, 


Ann  Arbor  Ml 

Sr*  um  fur  ffixtnti*  lifcr  Ti.ii  It*  .  H  I-  Draier, 
1 1,  in-. .ii  4ml  mam  HBfe  Oik-h  M^iiwUv 
thm  ,!.  vnurd»y,  0»»>  in  I7lii  W  ItHVUi. 
WBHlfXO,  W1»OKN  ind  WWU»  hstiirid  fhi 
cntintfn  l*LirifuM'  ftutlin Niippil^ .  327  I  HiKiver 
\w  ,  Arm  Arbor,  Michi^fui  4?iUH.  ^liH-WiDI-i. 

SI.  Louis  MO 

i  \\h i     puudis4J  Et^dmnh   atui  mc 

chsiUCTfJ      "JJIIINifWmi     flir     L<H1l|,ftl1(-1      i^ttjtlt', 

jiuiMi   pfnlh      ^univ.   ritln'f   Siriihirn,   rtwTi- 

rtM90jt!TI    I  l|irlj  mi  1.1*1 *  a  1*.  nri    CglWiai   rltX'- 

Imntn  l  Mp      M 23-25  P**r  Wirf.  *ut    i<itm 
MO«3J».427-fillfi. 


Fliilft.  PACamdm  NJ 

Wanreiildr  in  n,4X(Al  renrrmiPTr  -  ■mi^-  <nrnt\ 
At  tiftuptiiFnl  ljlmTat»r>  endk  *r*±  m4n-» 
im^iS  jitmrf  •-ujiriw!*.  Rut.  wll  &  tiuv  dfi 
Mpoltf  tii*Ski^.  HF.  CB.  I"V!i  ESI.  Vprmwn, 
I  jrrtronic  FLrv^rdfi  1 -»rn  1423 
F«n  At*.    Cvnden  NJ  (Kim .  'H  I  43B 


Sammrl  NJ 

Srw  topmy't  ..nlv  iactun  aurtlnnAili  I  COM 
in*J  \  A  KM  1 1btnhalilf  |jui7'inrVR>liiri<iln^ 
irni  uhxI  *|w*-utl*  Mint  mitff»f  >>f amti  in  Hock, 
iitniip('  vitx    «nd    Urihlii^      Rftdhn 

I'riJirhiJlMl,  \lm  Fjsbn  Avram-,  ¥.i>    Ben  347. 

Someml  \1  DIW3,  46«M5UU. 

Amsterdam  NY 
UPSTATE  NEW  YORK 

k«uwnRl  U"DM.  L>[jiki  ,  (ilui  m*n>  tflhiT 
Linc<i.  An  ..in  ■  it  FH-aJiT  ifir  vM*l  35  ti<nn  Adirun- 
i|jni  Kail  in  Suttfiln, .  Im  . .  iSTi  W^l  M*ifi  Slnset. 
Amilrrdam  Nl   I20I0.  A4S-A3SA 


Central  NY 

Am«!rur  mbn  tiardwaud  dt^da>v  ruadr  tu, nmi 
<fimf ■  Bturttn  laHq^nL,  ydatBlnn.  ***tik  nr 
aI  -ifflm  Klich  >AalA\,  i**  *o*r.  Sn» 
«•««  A-fcM,  W™*kTMft.  1)3  V  M^dwnSl., 
rO.  B**D.  Rnrtw  «  IJ**0.  3J7-5*fl. 


raciwe-Rnmv-riica  NY 

Kf-BtiiruiE  ki-Tn*if«ni.  Yanti,  b  l  »M  Orakc, 
Ti'piirt1.  Swan.  rfcnTnpn,  Alikfiu,  (Wirjfrl,  MFJ. 
Tati{i».  Ailnm.  kl-M.  \U  Unlrp,  MinJn.'. 
)  .ii'ii.  I  -hlN-ridi,  Htutlrr,  Mnu  Prudinty  Yoip 

vnpnl  I-- i||'.a|i[.mnLt«l  *lthti  |iLljprMi:tp|i'»crvke. 
Is.ii ki-  •  Unftd  Oiifichi  lliiunlv  Airium  ■  h-irr.i- 
Pi4i3  HhIUIJipK.  Ori?kain  NY  I34R4.  S37-0S&!- 

Columbus  OH 

TlwbtigpN  and  bcs\  HuiiiMiht'  m  iUr  miHItti^t 
i>  jFiitupir   tiiialih    Kruwunl    pimluii*    wilSi 
Murlcinii    ilitpla1       Wr    w||    onl\    I  In-  b&t 
\n\in>T in--}    krnurHid    St-itPit       I'fiivtrrfAl 
Anialrur     Had  in    Inc.       12S0    Aidi    Dr 
H«^nild<riijre    iCvlutniiiit:    OH    4306S. 


t  - 


V  ratili  m  PA 

II  i  r\t     KddL    CinbCralc    Hnbun     Hui* 
I  jr-a'fi     Hi  id  It;     Antmia  Snr»  Wmn. 

Atwtii.  Bddni  WSAl  \lAv  (  ih:  k>^. 
VFtfin>|iJi-(  Hjiiti  K*t,  CKS.  AmphrfHil..  Smy. 
FaiKm  Cimrirr.  B*U.  Art^n.  ^Ihiti  LaRur 
Klarthittio,  It  12  finwi^if*  S«  .  S-nyilmi  PA 
1CK21S4. 

I  J,*JI:i>  TX 

Used  cofFiputef  lerminala,  piinters, 
modern*,  lufplus,  Dlecironie  pprts.  Hourr3. 
12-fi,  7S  W,  T  Bnpidun*  C  iiiiLjuipiv.  "'ITk'  l'"P]i- 
nuivr  H4H»m,"  Z52il  BulJtrr  Sil  .  DllJUi  1 X  7S23S, 

•tNMesi 


Houston  TX 

paradb*-'  l-'lu+mtm  and  mr> 
I'fiaJWnal  i,i«fri|t«MW4lH  l*ir  ^vfp|Hii*-f  j^^jir. 
aud«i  finvar,  hauut.  Mdknt  buddinF^.  rsperi- 
nwfilrrt  tfpfu  oidini  »nk  <j»f»a>  Ffcr- 
tRtMoi   Inc.,   MOi  C1^Utt*I     IIouUoa   TX 


San  Antotiifi  TX 

rVintpjIrti*  2  uay  wnf  d^ii  CaM  Otx 
v\T|\|'  Vtliiii;  Aiilcii  i  ,  S^iuifite,  AibpiIe, 
Aj'tlfit  hutl  II-  i^ain,  Scarnliirtf.  Vtlptr/^ptc^, 
Midland  lliiir\  Cit^hl  tjiM,  t  lifter  trie, 
UuMlcf.  ICMM.  MKj,  \-..  '•!  mm  .  i  ubu . 
li'iii^Hi.  TnvTflU  wriil  iillirr.  A|pp4L«u»cc  Ac 
l',t|Ukltll.l'lll     Ci>ri     I|>CH,     2317     VuilLV    Jjuiyin 

tlf.fttl.  Sm  Aiilcn.itP  TX  7A213.  7^-77H3, 


Vienna  VA 

Thr  Wa*}iinifl"ii  npHn?[»i.Jllari  ana'"  Wadinp 
w«|^iIh'i  ^i|  llir  !a!ca  in  AnutMip  t\M\*>  AP»iiTf?i 
Kquitmratl  On  >uur  iie»i  "p-tr  l«i  tbc  Vatiuii'v 
Capital,  rtf^P  bv  and  «i  i*l  l!bc1nmk  Eip^p- 
cnrYii  KM*.  Inc..  516  \fltH  M    V  K     VicA>  V A 


DEALERS 

Ytmf  rampany  no«lr  ami  mt'^xugp 
r  an  t  ntitain  up  to  25  itttrtkfoT  as  tit- 
tie  tt\  $150  yearitj  f prepaid),  or  $15 
per  month  (prepaid  ^iurteritf).  No 
mention  of  mail-rtrder  biiisincfis  or 
orra  eode  permitted.  Dim  toiy  text 
ami  payment  must  riYir/i  ux  60  day* 
in  advance  of  publication,  For  ex- 
ample, advertising  for  the 
December  isme  mmi  he  in  ttur 
hand\  hu  Oetober  hi,  Mail  to  73 
Stiiiiazine.  Peterborough  SII 
03458.  ATT\   Xancy  Ckmpa. 


PROPAGATION 


J.  H<  Nelson 
4  Plymouth  Dr. 
Whiting  NJ  08759 


EASTERN    UNITED    STATES    TO: 


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21 

7A 

7 

7 

f 

7 

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14 

n 

71 A 

HA 

11 

SOUTH'  AFRICA 

14 

7 

2 

21 

71 

B 

70 

14 

21 

flA 

21A 

21 

U   S.S   *L 

7 

T 

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21 

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71 

First  letter  =  day  waves  Second  =  night  waves 

A   *    Next  higher  frequency  may  also  be  useful 
B  =  Difficult  circuit  this  period  F  =  Fair 

G  =  Good      P  =  Poor      *  =  Chance  of  solar  f teres 


SUN 


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OCTOBER 

UlE  WED  THJ 


FT-H 


SAT 


2      I 

G/G 

3 

G/G 

4 

G/G 

5 

G/F 

6 

F/P 

7 

F/F 

8 

F/F 

9 

F/F 

10 

G/F 

11 

G/G 

12 

G/G 

13 

G/G 

14 

i       G/F 

15 

G/F 

16 

G/F* 

17 

F/F' 

18 

Ftp* 

19 

F/>> 

20 

G/F 

21 

G/G 

22 

G/G 

23 

G/F 

24 

F/F 

25     26 

FfF                     F/F 

27 

F/F 

28     29 

F/F                  G/G 

30 

G/G 

- 

31 

G/F 

210     73  Magazine  *  October,  1981 


Full  Duplex  Oscar  Transverter 


YAESU  FTV-901 R 


Tired  of  compromise  in  your  VHF/UHF  operating?  Does  your  "compact"  multimode  rig 
leave  something  to  be  desired  in  the  selectivity  department?  With  the  Yaesu  FTV-901  R 
VHF/UHF  Transverter,  the  superb  capabilities  of  your  FT-901  /902DM  or  FT-101ZD  can  be 
extended  to  the  50,  144  or  430  MHz  bands! 


Multiband  Design  Philosophy 
The  FTV-901  R  comes  equipped  for  operation  on 
the  144  MHz  tand,  with  50  MHz  and  430-440 
MHz  modules  available  as  options.  Power  input 
is  20  waits  on  all  three  bands. 

Duplex  Satellite  Operation 

For  satellite  operators,  three  satellite  bands  are 
provided,  allowing  full  duplex  operation  through 
the  transverter  for  downlink  monitoring.  You  can 
transmit  on  2  meters  white  receiving  on  10 
meters  or  70  cm,  or  transmit  on  70  cm  while 
listening  on  2  meters.  An  external  receiver  is 
required  (in  addition  to  your  FT-901  /9Q2DM  or 
FT-1012D)  for  duplex  operation. 

Rugged,  Dependable  Construction 

The  FTV-901  R  is  a  futuristic  blend  of  FETr 
bipolar,  and  stripline  techniques,  providing  high 
reliability,  consistent  power  output,  good  noise 
figure,  and  outstanding  rejection  of  spurious 
responses.  And  there's  attention  to  the  details, 
like  the  Type  N  connector  for  430  MHz  operation. 


Worldwide  Power  Capability 

Equipped  for  operation  from  supply  vofiages  of 
100/1 10/1 17/200/220/234  VAC.  the  FTV-901R 
wont  become  obsolete  if  you  move  to  another 
country.  The  transmit  drive  requirement  of  3V 
RMS  at  28-30  MHz  makes  the  FTV-901  R  com- 
patible with  many  older  Yaesu  transmitters. 

Repeater  Split  Capability 

The  FTV-901  R  comes  equipped  for  repeater 
operation  on  the  6  and  2  meter  bands,  For  6 
meters.  1  MH2  split  is  provided,  while  600  kHz 
split  is  provided  on  2  meters.  Take  full  advantage 
of  the  FM  capability  on  your  FT-901 /902DM  or 
FM-equipped  FT-1 01 ZD  Mk  III. 

FT-901  /902  Line  of  Accessories 

Other  high-performance  accessories  for  your 
FT901/902DM  station  include:  the  FV-901DM 
Synthesized  Scanning  VFO;  YO901P 
Multiscope  with  Panadapter:  and  the  FC-902 
160-10  Meter  Antenna  Tuner  See  your  dealer 
also  for  details  of  the  YR-901  Code  Reader  and 
SP-901P  Speaker /Patch. 


For  top  performance  on  1 .8  through  450  MHz,  Yaesu  has  the  most  complete  line  of  transceivers, 
receivers t  and  accessories  in  the  Amateur  industry.  Yaesu  products  are  backed  by  a  nationwide 
dealer  network  and  two  factory  service  centers  for  your  long-term  service  needs.  So  when  it's  time 
to  upgrade  your  station  equipment,  join  the  thousands  of  hams  that  are  tired  of  compromise — join 
them  by  investing  in  Yaesu! 


ce  And  Specifications  Subject  To 
ange  Without  Note*  Of  Oobga&on 


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YAESU  ELECTRONICS  CORP.  6851  Walthall  Way,  Paramount,  CA  90723 
Eastern  Service  Ctr.,  9812  Princeton-Glendale  Rd.,  Cincinnati.  OH  45246 


(213)  633-4007 
(513)874-3100 


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VBT,  notch,  IF  shift,  wide  dynamic  range 


Now  most  Amateurs  can  afford  a  high- 
performance  SSB'CW  transceiver  with 
every  conceivable  operating  feature  built 
in  for  160  through  10  meters  (including 
the  three  new  bands).  The  TS-830S 
combines  a  high  dynamic  range  with 
variable  bandwidth  tuning  (VBT),  IF  shift, 
and  an  IF  notch  filter,  as  well  as  very 
sharp  filters  In  the  455-kHz  second  IF. 
Its  optional  VFO-230  remote  digital  VFO 
provides  five  memories. 

Th  MATURES: 

160-10  meters,  including  three  new 
bands 

era  all  Amateur  bands  from  1,8  to 
29.7  MHz  (LSB.  USB.  and  CW,  including 
the  new  10.  18.  and  24  MHz  bands 
Receives  WWV  on  10  MHz. 
Wide  receiver  dynamic  range 
June  Lion  FETs  iwiih  optimum  IMD  char- 
acteristics and  low  noise  figure)  in  the 
balanced  mixer,  a  MOSFET  RF  amplifier 
operating  at  low  level  for  Improved 
dynamic  range  (high  amplification  level 
not  needed  because  <  >l  low  noise  in 
mixer),  dual  resonator  for  each  band,  and 
advanced  overall  receiver  design  result 
in  excel  lent  dynamic  range. 


Variable  bandwidth  tuning  (VBT) 
Continue  us  [v  varies  the  IF  filter  passband 
width  to  red u n-  Interference.  VBT  and  IF 
shall  can  be  con  trolled  Independently  for 
optimum  interference  rejection  in  any 

condition. 
i  IF  notch  filter 
Tunable  high  Q  active  circuit  in  455-ki  U 
second  IF,  Inr  sharp,  deep  notch 
i  haraeteristles. 

•  IF  shift 

Shifts  IF  passband  toward  higher  or  lower 
frequencies  [away  from  interfering 
signals)  while  tuned  receiver  frequency 
remains  unchanged, 

6146B  final  with  RF  NFB 
Two  6146ETs  in  ihe  Pinal  amplifier  provide 
220  W  PEP  (SSBl/ldO  W  DC  (CWl  input 
on  all  bands.  RF  negative  feedback  pro- 
vides optimum  IMD  characteristics  for 
high-quality  transmission, 

•  Built-in  digital  display 

3L\-di£it  targe  fluorescent  lube  display, 
backed  up  by  an  analog  dial.  Reads 
actual  receive  and  transmit  frequency 
on  all  modes  and  all  bands.  Display  Hold 
fDHl  switch. 

•  Adjustable  noise  blanker  level 
Built-in  noise  blanker  eliminates 

pulse  type  (such  as  ignition) 
noise.  Front-panel  threshold 
level  control. 


Matching  accessories  for  fixed 

•  SP-230  external  speaker  - 
Willi  selectable  audio  Alters       < 

•  VTO230  external  digital 
VFO  with  20-Hz  steps. 

five  memories,  digital  display    < 

•  AT-230  antenna  tuner/ 

SVVK  and  power  meter 

•  MC-50  desk  microphone 
Other  accessories  not  shown: 

•  TL-922A  linear  amplifier 

•  SM  220  Station  Monitor 

•  PC- 1  phone  patch 


station  operation: 

IK.    10  digital  world  clock 

►  YG-455C  (500-Hz)  and 
YG-455CN  (250- Hx)  CW 
fillers  for  455-kHz  IF 

►  YK-8HC  (500  llzl  and 
YK-88CN  (270-H/l  CW 
filters  Tor  8.83-MHz  IF 

»  HS  5  and  HS-4 
headphones 

i  MC -:*0S  and  MC-35S 
noise-cancelling  hand 
microphones 


Various  IF  filter  options 

her  a  500-Hz  1YK-88C]  or  270-Hz 

(YK  S8CN)  CW  Oiler  mav  be  installed  in 

the  8.83  MHz  first  IF.  and  a  mtv  sharp 
10  Hz  IYG-455C)  or  250  Hz  [YG-455t 

CW  niter  IS  available  lor  the-   155  kHz 

second  IF 

More  flexibility  with  optional  digital  VFO 

VKO-230  operates  in  20-11/  steps  and 
Includes  live  memories.  Also  allows  spill 

frequency  operation  Built  in  ril^iinl 

display.  Covers  aboui.  100  kHz  above  and 
below  each  500-kHz  hand. 
•  Built-in  RF  speech  processor 

For  added  audio  punch  and  increased 

talk  power  m  ox  piieups, 

-  R1T/XIT 

Receiver  incremental  tuning  IRITI  shifts 
only  the  receiver  frequency,  to  tune  In 
ations  sli.tihtly  off  frequency.  Trans- 
mitter Incremental  tuning  IX IT)  shifts  only 
the  transmitter  frequent 

SSB  monitor  circuit 
Monitors  IF  stage  while  transmitting  lo 
determine  audio  quality  and  effect  of 
speech  processor. 

More  information  on  Ihe  TS-830S  is 
available  from  all  authorized  dealers 

of  Trio-Kenwood  Communications 
1111  West  Walnut  Street,  Compton. 
California  90220. 

^KENWOOD 

.  .pacesetter  in  amateur  raditt 


Specifications  anil  prices  are  subject  to  change  without  notice  or  obiUfaiion.